UML in Learning PPT

Faculty Empowerment in Technology Faculty Empowerment in Technology Enabled Learning using UML Modeling Enabled Learning using UML Modeling

to foster Self Regulated Learning to foster Self Regulated Learning

N.VivekananthamoorthyN.VivekananthamoorthyR. SampathR. SampathKCG College of TechnologyKCG College of TechnologyE.R. Naganathan, E.R. Naganathan, Hindustan UniversityHindustan UniversityChennai,IndiaChennai,India

107-UML Modeling in education(IEEE T&SA-2012)

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Plan of PresentationPlan of Presentation

OverviewOverview IntroductionIntroduction Changing paradigmsChanging paradigms Opportunities and challenges in Technical EducationOpportunities and challenges in Technical Education Virtual Learning EnvironmentsVirtual Learning Environments Major E-Learning Systems in VogueMajor E-Learning Systems in Vogue Research Gap in E-LearningResearch Gap in E-Learning UML Modeling and Self RegulationUML Modeling and Self Regulation Pilot Study and Experimental FindingsPilot Study and Experimental Findings Web AnalyticsWeb Analytics ConclusionConclusion Future DirectionsFuture Directions


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Overview Overview Technology Enabled Learning – UML Modeling Technology Enabled Learning – UML Modeling

– Self Regulation – Faculty Empowerment– Self Regulation – Faculty Empowerment The responsibility of learningThe responsibility of learning - shifted from teacher to the learner. - shifted from teacher to the learner.

The role of teacherThe role of teacher - changed from instructor to facilitator. - changed from instructor to facilitator.

Faculty empowermentFaculty empowerment - key indicator in fostering Self Regulated Learning. - key indicator in fostering Self Regulated Learning.

A UML based e-Learning ModelA UML based e-Learning Model - Controlled environment in which self-directed - Controlled environment in which self-directed learners can become autonomous.learners can become autonomous.

UML Model - UML Model - helps in conceptualizing an e-Learning framework.helps in conceptualizing an e-Learning framework.

Self RegulationSelf Regulation - can be implemented with UML Design Patterns. - can be implemented with UML Design Patterns.

Pilot StudyPilot Study - Web based experimental set up . - Web based experimental set up .

Free ToolsFree Tools - used for creating web content. - used for creating web content.

FacultyFaculty - empowered to create e-learning content and provided with tools - empowered to create e-learning content and provided with tools monitoring student learning processes.monitoring student learning processes.


Introduction Advancements in Information and Communication

Technologies have opened up new challenges and opportunities in higher Educational Institutions.

There is steep rise in internet usage around the world during the last decade.

Connectivity and instant access have opened up new vistas in many spheres of lives of people.

The traditional class room based educational system needs transformation to catch up with technology.

The learners today have opportunities and flexibility of learning at any time, any where , and at any pace.


Changing Paradigms

Now the responsibility of Learning has been shifted from teacher to the learner.

The role of teacher has been changed from instructor to facilitator or mentor of Learning.

The faculties need empowerment to acquire new skills to facilitate this transformation.

•


Opportunities

Technology Enabled Learning : Opportunities and Challenges

Anytime, anywhere, and at any pace Content reuse Audience distributed across the world. Scalability ( Larger coverage). Shorter learning time. support for lifelong learning. Multimedia helps faster and improved

knowledge acquition

•


Challenges

Technology Enabled Learning : Opportunities and Challenges

face-to-face interaction is missing. Cognitive overload, ‘Lost in hyperspace’ Faculties need empowerment and need new

skills Many research studies are skeptical about

efficacy of self directed learning. E-learning is not a panacea

•


Virtual Learning Environemnt – Problems & Issues

VLE is a learning Platform which provides web based access to content ,grades, assessments, and other online learning facilities.

VLE faces problems like Information overload, poor usability , ‘Lost in Hyperspace ‘ syndrome.

Majority of professors primarily use Blackboard a) To post course content , b) to calculate grades , and c) to communicate with students via the Announcements tool.

Advanced features like Rubric, Wikis, and blogs are not widely used. (Janiess Sallee et al.,2012)


Research Gap in E-Learning

SWEEPING EXPECTATIONS ON E-LEARNING

Putting the learners in the center of study process and exaggerating their self-directed abilities.

The new technologies would transform teaching and learning process from being highly teacher dominated to student centered and the students would develop problem-solving abilities, creativity and higher order thinking skills.

However study by Guri-Rosenblit (2009,2011) ,there exists noticeable gap in e-Learning research.

There is limited research to support these claims.107-UML Modeling in education(IEEE T&SA-2012)

Self Regulation

Self Regulation – Key Indicator

Since E-Learning heavily depend on shifting the responsibility from the Instructor to Learner, Self regulated learning is a key-indicator for enhancing the learning outcome of the learners.

Zimmerman(1990) , David J. Nicol (2006) emphasize learners to assume responsibility and control for their own acquisition of knowledge and skill.

Some self Regulated Learning Strategies are a) Self-evaluation b) Goal setting and Planning, c) Self-monitoring etc.

All researchers agree Self Regulation depends on continuous feed back of learning effectiveness.


Why UML Modeling ?

The Three AmigosThe Unified Modeling Language (UML) was developed by

Grady Booch, Jim Rumbaugh and Ivar Jacobson (the Three Amigos) as a way to define large complicated systems.

Unification of Differenent OO Methodologies.


Why UML Modeling ?

In a Software Production Process, the Conceptual Models are Key Inputs in the process of Code Generation.

The Conceptul Models must provide a holistic view of all components of the final application and the interaction among components of the systems.

The Model should support the structure , behavior and the interaction between the users and the system.

UML is a defacto standard for modeling Software Intensive systems.


Why UML Modeling ? Modeling— creating simplified representations of various aspects of a software

system (prior to building it) that convey information about the system from a variety of perspectives.

UML serves as a blueprint that bridges the gap between the world that customers, users, and analysts understand and that of the developers, engineers, and architects implementing the system.

UML provides an industry-standard way to model systems before building them and to talk about system features and capabilities by using an easy-to-understand, ageless graphical paradigm to effectively capture requirements and document system design.

Guus Ramackers (Oracle principal product manager for UML)


Why UML Modeling ? software development is fundamentally hard, and the way we counter

that complexity is by abstraction.

The UML permits a team to visualize and construct abstractions that transcend the underlying implementation language.

smooth mapping from the highest level enterprise architecture abstraction to the software system abstraction to the implementation in code.

UML is a single communication tool from inception to implementation.

Grady Booch


Grady Booch about future of UML

One other thing—in terms of where the UML is headed—is that I was blown away recently when I discovered an article called “The Systems Biology Graphical Notation.” Apparently it was inspired by the UML as an attempt to build a standard for biologists for modeling things within their world—things like mechanisms within cells and the like. So that’s an example of where the UML has extended its reach far beyond whatever I imagined. That’s pretty cool, and it also tells me that the language does have staying power; it’s going to be around here for a long, long time. We do need to simplify and refactor it

Cross talk(Nov-Dec-2010)


Exerpts from Ivar Jacobson’s Blog- UML is Evolving

• Distinctive features of the new use cases are:

As agile and light as you want it to be

Scaling up, scaling out and scaling in - to meet your needs

It’s not just about requirements - it's for the whole lifecycle

It's also for non-functional requirements

It’s not just for software development - it's for business as well

Ivar Jacobson (October-2011)


UML Modeling and Self Regulation

Self Regulation can be easily accommodated in UML.

An e-learner could be in different states in a course life cycle like enrolled, certified , accessing content, taking test, and received score card etc.

The student can be notified at appropriate time his progress in learning so that he can adopt different learning strategies which helps towards enhancements in his learning outcome.

UML Design Patterns are helpful in conceptualizing various Self Regulated Learning Strategies like goal-setting, Self-evaluation, self-monitoring and help-seeking etc.


UML Domain Model

UML facilitates to represent the holistic view of the e-Learning System in a Domain Model

* receives gives 0..1 having * sets * 0..1 * 0..1 0..1 0..1 * 0..1 * 0..1 adopts * designs takes 0..1 conducts * 0..1 0..1 conducts * receives * * supervise 0..1 * takes * runs 0..1 0..1 * deploys 0..1 contains * * browses

Feedback

Assignment

Test

Course

Class

Student

Goals

Progress Statement

Learning Strategies

Course Administrator

Topic

Teacher

Content

Assessment


Faculty’s role in E-Learning The changing role of faculty and his interactions in an e-learning environment can be better explained using an UML Sequence Diagram

A faculty selects an e-learning course.

creates content , uploads content in the course web site.

schedules activities.

Receives feedback and improves content .

Assessment and feedback play an important role in improving learning outcome.


UML State Machine Diagram

• Student’s Role in E-Learning

The diagram shows a UML state machine diagram representing student’s role in E-Learning.

In the course life cycle, a student can be in any one of different possible states.

For example, when a student browses through the E-Learning content, he moves to the self-learning state.


Pilot Study and Experimental Findings

Experimental Set-up

An experimental setup was made which illustrates a typical e-learning system.

A pilot study was done to understand the self regulatory behavior of under graduate students of Information Technology course.

A departmental web site is hosted and the faculties upload contents on many subjects and topics.

The tools used are Google Sites, Google Docs etc. Google Sites is an easy way to create and share web pages.


Snap shot of activities of an e-learning site

• Web Site Usage for Three Years

The chart shows a plot of the web usage statistics for the month of April for the years, 2010, 2011, and 2012.

It can be seen from the graph that there is a steady increase in visitors and pages referred for the last three years.


Pilot Study and Experimental Reports

The charts show web usage statistics for course OOAD for two periods namely April-2011 and May-2012.

It can be seen from the graph that there is increase in page views during certain dates. The site usage was maximum during the exam period.

• WEB SITE USAGE PATTERNS


Web Site usage Pattern

It can be seen from the graph that

Pattern exists in web usage.

The peak indicating the maximum page access for course OOAD repeats every year during the same period during University Examinations.


Web Site usage pattern

The chart shows a plot of the web usage statistics for a period of two years.

There is pattern in web site usage.

The chart shows the combined plot Visits and Pages viewed by the learners.

There are peaks and valleys in web access.


Visits vs Page Views – Scatter Plot

The chart shows scatter plot of the web usage

There is strong correlation exists between

Visits made and the number of Pages viewed.


Questionnaire on Learner Preferences

Web Refer I refer to web material as additional resource in learning

Download notes I have referred to educational web sites like edunotes.in to download subject notes

Get Overview I strongly prefer to get an overview of the subject before start learning

Comfortable in Text I like to read the subject in text form and comfortable in understanding

Hearing Lectures I would like to understand the subject by hearing what the lecturer teaches

Visual I understand the subject better with diagrams, graphs, charts etc than text matter and I like maps to know directions

Multimedia I like to refer to multimedia content like to video to understand the subject.

Text Important I consider textual content is important like use cases are text stories in UML notation

Down loadimportant

I prefer downloaded notes of all topics are very important in understanding the subject, exam point of view.

All media important I consider audio, visual, text, video content and lab exercises are equally important for gaining knowledge

• :

•


Learning Preferences Survey

The main idea of Survey was to collect the voice of the students based on 10 criteria on learning preferences.

It can be seen from the chart that majority of students belonging to two groups have responded positively for the criteria on learning preferences.

It can be inferred that E-learning framework has a positive impact on the focused group and it helps the students to enhance their learning outcome better than class room lectures.


Conclusion

faculty empowerment - the key indicator in fostering self regulated learning.

A UML based e-learning model - provides a controlled environment in which self director learners can become autonomous.

UML based model - Conceptualizes the e-Learning framework with holistic and serial-based view.

Self Regulation can be implemented with UML Design Patterns.

A pilot study was done using a web based experimental set up .

A faculty was empowered for creating content, provided with tools for monitoring states of student learning processes.

Findings :The student feedback and reports on web analytics confirm that there are interesting pattern exists in student learning behavior.107-UML Modeling in education(IEEE T&SA-2012)

Future Directions

The present work is preliminary. Concrete experimentation needed to support the proposed UML Model. UML Modeling, Self-Regulated Learning, and Faculty Empowerment are separate concepts. More experiments and evidence needed to prove that the suggested model helps to improve student learning outcome. The pilot study has to be scaled up covering a larger audience. More studies

o to establish correlation between site visits, page views and Learning outcomes.

Educational Data Mining Techniques can be adopted .o Automatic analysis of web log data.o Generation of visual reports o Pattern analysis and knowledge discovery


References

• Clive L. Dym (2005) , “Engineering Design Thinking, Teaching and Learning”, Journal of Engineering Education, pp. 103-120, January 2005.

• Ahmad Akardan, Shima Zahmatkesh (2009) , “A Proposed Structure for Learning Objects using Ontology for effective Content Delivery”, The fourth international conference on Virtual Learning ICVL 2009, Technical University of IASI, Romania.

• Costel Ionasin, Berceann Dorel, “A Model of analysis of the e-learning system quality”, The Young Economists Journal, Vol. 1, Issue 13,pp. 136-143.

• Denise Douglas-Faraci (2010), “A correlational study of Six Professional Development Domains in E-Learning Teacher Professional Development”, MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teachiong, Vol. 6, No. 4,pp. 754-766.

• Clive L. Dym (2008), “ Educating Engineers for a flat world”, International Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 214-220.

• Dr. Ciprian et. Al. (2009), “ A theoritical framework for Quality Indicators in E-Learning”, Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, Vol. 10, No. 4, October 2009.

R


References• N.Vivekananthamoorthy, S.Sankar, R.Siva and S. Sharmila (2009), ”An effective E-Learning

Framework Model – A case study”, 7th International Conference on ICT and Knowledge Engineering, Siam University, Bangkok, December,1-2,2009.

• Terry Quatrani, and Jim palistrant, “Visual Modeling with IBM Rational Software Architect and UML”, Pearson Education, Inc., 2006.

• Ilker Yengin, and Adem Karahoca (2010), “E-learning Success Model for Instructors’ Satisfactions in Perspective of Interaction and Usability Outcomes”, World Conference on Information Technology 2010.

• Nicole Wagner (2008), “Who is responsible for E-Learning success in Higher Education – A Stake holder’s Analysis”, Journal of Educational Technology and Society,Vol. 11 No. 3,pp. 26-36.

• Jos Beishuizen (2010), “Lessons on Learning : Guidelines for Teachers fostering self-regulated learning in a technology enhanced learning environments”, Proc of Stellar-Tachonet Conference, Barcelona, October 1, 2010.

• Grady Booch et al (2007), “Object Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications”, 3 rd Ed, Pearson.



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UML in Learning PPT