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Standards commonly used in the UK joining industry:

consumables (welding, brazing, soldering, spraying)

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TWI Frequently asked questions

AWS A4.5M/A4.5: 2012 (ISO 15792-3:2011)

Standard methods for classification testing of positional capacity and root penetration of

welding consumables in a fillet weld

The preparation and assessment of a fillet weld test piece is described.

AWS A5.1/A5.1M: 2012

Specification for carbon steel electrodes for shielded metal arc [MMA] welding

This specification establishes the requirements for classification of covered electrodes with carbon steel cores for MMA welding. Requirements include: mechanical properties of weld metal; weld metal soundness; and usability of

electrodes. Requirements for chemical composition of the weld metal, moisture content of low hydrogen electrodes

standard sizes and lengths, marking, manufacturing and packaging are also included. A guide to the use of the

standard is given in an appendix. Optional supplementary requirements include improved toughness and ductility,

lower moisture contents and diffusible hydrogen limits.

AWS A5.2/A5.2M: 2007

Specification for carbon and low alloy steel rods for oxyfuel gas welding

This standard presents a classification for mild and low alloy steel welding filler rods on the basis of composition or

weld metal tensile strength. Procedures for analysis and testing are prescribed.

AWS A5.3/A5.3M: 1999 (R2007)

Specification for aluminum and aluminum alloy electrodes for shielded metal arc [MMA]

welding

Classification and acceptance requirements are specified for covered aluminium electrodes for the shielded metal

arc (MMA) welding of aluminium and Al-alloys. Areas covered are: chemical composition; methods of manufacture;

sizes and lengths; core wire and coatings; exposed core; packaging and marking; electrode identification; details of

tensile and bend testing; outline of welding procedures; guide to selection of filler metal; and safety. An appendix

gives a guide to the use of the specification. Core wire materials covered are AWS E1100, E3003 and E4043 (UNS A91100, A93003 and A94043).

AWS A5.4/A5.4M: 2012

Specification for stainless steel electrodes for shielded metal arc [MMA] welding

Composition and other requirements for covered stainless steel electrodes are given. Classification is by

composition of undiluted weld metal, current type and welding position. Details of testing, certification, manufacture

and packaging of the electrodes are given. Safety factors, the measurement of ferrite and intended use of each

classification of filler metal are also discussed.

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AWS A5.5/A5.5M: 2014

Specification for low alloy steel covered arc welding electrodes

This gives requirements for the classification of covered low alloy steel electrodes for shielded metal arc (MMA)

welding of carbon and low alloy steels. Electrode classification and acceptance; weld metal tests including chemica

analysis, quality control, tensile, impact and fillet weld tests, visual examination and radiography; electrode

manufacture; appendix detailing process procedures, ventilation, test details for electrodes of different diameters

and intended use of electrodes, are all presented.

AWS A5.6/A5.6M: 2008

Specification for covered copper and copper alloy arc welding electrodes

The standard covers classification and acceptance, composition, type of coating, methods of manufacture,

packaging and marking.

AWS A5.7/A5.7M: 2007

Specification for copper and copper alloy bare welding rods and electrodes

The specification prescribes requirements for copper and copper alloy bare filler metal for use with the TIG and MIG

welding processes. Chemical composition and wire diameter limits are given. Dimensional winding and packaging

requirements for spooled wires are given. Marking methods are specified. A non-mandatory appendix provides

guidance on the application of the fillers.

AWS A5.8/A5.8M: 2011

Specification for filler metals for brazing and braze welding

This specification sets out the requirements for the classification of brazing filler metals. It includes fillers for brazing

with or without flux, in a protective atmosphere, for special applications, and for vacuum service, based on Ag, Au,

Al, Mg, Cu, Ni or Co. General requirements include acceptance, certification, manufacturing methods, marking,

packaging and tolerances. Other detailed requirements cover chemical and sieve analysis, melting cleanlinesstesting and spatter testing of vacuum grade fillers. An appendix includes guidance on classification method,

ventilation, solidus, liquidus and brazing temperatures and other operating characteristics.

AWS A5.9/A5.9M: 2012

Specification for bare stainless steel welding electrodes and rods

The standard covers bare and composite stainless steel and Cr-Mo steel welding electrodes and rods for TIG, MIG

and submerged arc welding. The materials covered are alloy steels with at least 10.5%Cr and iron content greater

than any other element. Requirements specified include composition, diameter limits, packaging, marking, winding,

spooling, and chemical analysis. An appendix covers the AWS classification method, ferrite in weld deposits,

classification by composition and tensile requirements.

AWS A5.10/A5.10M: 2012 (ISO 18273: 2004 Mod.)

Specification for bare aluminum and aluminum alloy welding electrodes and rods

Requirements for the classification of bare, wrought and cast aluminium and aluminium alloy electrodes (particularly

wires) and rods used in the gas-shielded metal-arc (MIG), TIG, gas and plasma welding processes are specified. A

system of classification by chemical composition is set out and units of measurement prescribed in both US

Customary and SI units. Procedures and requirements for testing, manufacture, identification and packaging are

given. There is also a guide to the correlation of filler metal classification with intended applications and an outline o

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procedure for handling inquiries by the appropriate AWS Technical Committee.

AWS A5.11/A5.11M: 2010

Specification for nickel and nickel alloy welding electrodes for shielded metal arc [MMA]

welding

This standard specifies requirements to be met by Ni and Ni alloy covered MMA welding electrodes. Details are

given of: pure weld metal compositions for different electrode grades; weld test specimen preparation and testing

(chemical analysis, radiography, tensile tests, bend tests); and a guide to the classification system, includingdescriptions and intended applications of the different grades.

AWS A5.13: 2010

Specification for surfacing electrodes for shielded metal arc [MMA] welding

Classification and acceptance requirements for solid covered surfacing electrodes for shielded metal arc (MMA)

welding processes are presented. Solid bare electrodes and rods previously classified in ANSI/AWS A5.13-80 are

now either discontinued or reclassified in AWS A5.21:2001. Except for tungsten carbide (WC) electrodes, electrodes

are classified according to the chemical composition of the deposited weld metal. WC electrode classification is

based on the size and composition of WC granules. Areas covered include: tests, procedures and requirements;

manufacture, identification and packaging. A guide is appended as a source of information as to the characteristics

and applications of these electrodes.

AWS A5.14/A5.14M: 2011

Specification for nickel and nickel alloy bare welding electrodes and rods

This standard specifies requirements to be met by Ni and Ni alloy rods and wires for use in plasma, GMA, TIG and

submerged arc welding. Details are given of: pure weld metal compositions for different filler metal grades;

dimensions, packaging and identification; testing by chemical analysis of the filler; and a guide to the classification

system, including descriptions and intended applications of the different grades.

AWS A5.15: 1990 (R2006)

Specification for welding electrodes and rods for cast iron

A classification scheme is specified for bare rod electrodes for oxyfuel gas welding, cored electrodes for MMA

welding, cored electrodes for self-shielded FCA welding and solid electrodes for GMA welding of grey, malleable,

nodular, compacted graphite and certain alloy cast irons, on the basis of composition. Procedures and requirement

are prescribed for tests to determine composition of undiluted weld metal. Requirements for dimensions,

appearance, marking and packaging are set out.

AWS A5.16/A5.16M: 2013 (ISO 24034: 2010 Mod.)

Specification for titanium and titanium alloy welding electrodes and rods

Requirements are specified for the classification of Ti and Ti alloy electrodes and rods for TIG, GMA and plasma arc

welding. Topics include: classification; acceptance; certification; rounding off procedure; test procedures; chemical

composition requirements and chemical analysis; manufacture, identification and packaging (including standard

sizes, finish and uniformity, winding requirements, filler metal identification and marking of packages). An appendix

gives details of the interpretation of the standard including: ventilation requirements, welding parameters; and

description and use of Ti consumables.

AWS A5.17/A5.17M: 1997 (R2007)

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Specification for carbon steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding

This specification prescribes the requirements for the classification of carbon steel electrodes (solid and composite)

and fluxes for submerged arc welding. The electrode classification is based on chemical composition of the

electrode for solid electrodes and chemical composition of the weld metal for composite electrodes. The flux

classification is based on the mechanical properties of the weld metal produced with the flux and the electrode. The

specification also prescribes test requirements (chemical analysis, radiographic test, tensile test, impact test,

diffusible hydrogen test), sizes, marking, manufacturing and packaging. A guide is included that correlates the

electrode and flux classifications with their intended applications. The guide also addresses ventilation duringwelding, welding considerations and safety considerations.

AWS A5.18/A5.18M: 2005

Specification for carbon steel electrodes and rods for gas shielded arc welding

Requirements are presented for the classification of low carbon steel electrodes and rods for TIG, GMA (MIG/MAG

and plasma welding. Solid, composite stranded and composite metal cored types are included. Compositions are

tabulated. Testing requirements include welding tests, chemical analysis, radiography, tension tests, bend tests,

impact tests and diffusible hydrogen tests. Details of test piece preparation and testing, packaging, winding and

marking requirements are given. There is a non-mandatory guide to the classification system and intended electrod

usage.

AWS A5.19: 1992 (R2006, 2015)

Specification for magnesium alloy welding electrodes and rods

Classification and acceptance standards are specified for magnesium alloy welding rods for TIG and oxyfuel gas

welding, and bare electrode wire for gas metal arc (MIG) welding. Areas covered include: chemical composition;

manufacture, sizes, length, finish quality, spool and winding, packaging and marking; selection of filler metal for

appropriate tensile properties; weldability ratings of Mg-alloys; storage; postweld stress relieving; preheating; curren

and wire feed speed relationship; types of joint design; selection of welding process.

AWS A5.20/A5.20M: 2005 (R2015)

Specification for carbon steel electrodes for flux cored arc welding

Classification requirements are specified for structural steel electrodes used for FCA welding with or without

shielding gas; covering chemical composition and mechanical properties of the weld metal and certain usability

characteristics. Test procedures are detailed. Limits on diffusible hydrogen are included. Requirements are given fo

standard sizes, marking, manufacturing and packaging. The electrode classification scheme is explained.

AWS A5.21: 2011

Specification for bare electrodes and rods for surfacing

Classification and acceptance requirements are specified for bare electrodes, wires and rods, both solid and cored,

for use in surfacing by oxyfuel gas, gas tungsten arc (TIG), shielded metal arc (MMA), plasma arc and flux cored ar

welding processes. Areas covered include: chemical composition; granule size and percentage of tungsten carbide

in the rod; manufacture; finish quality, sizes, lengths, packaging, winding and marking.

AWS A5.22/A5.22M: 2012

Specification for stainless steel flux cored and metal cored welding electrodes and rods

Characteristics are specified of flux-cored wires for welding corrosion-resisting and heat-resisting chromium steels

with a minimum of 10.5%Cr, and maximum of 22.5%Ni. The flux core contains at least 5% non-metallic ingredients.

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Details are given of: acceptance; composition of weld metal; tensile strength and elongation of weld metal;

manufacture; finish; coil dimensions and winding requirements; packaging and marking; radiographic soundness

test; weld metal tension test; longitudinal face-bend test; impact test; fillet weld test; and classification by chemical

composition.

AWS A5.23/A5.23M: 2011

Specification for low alloy steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding

Requirements for classification are specified for solid and composite (cored) low alloy steel (C-Mo, Cr-Mo, Ni andNi-Mo-V steels) and mild steel electrode wires and fluxes for submerged arc welding. Topics covered are:

classification and designations; chemical composition of solid electrodes and of weld metals from flux-wire

combinations; test procedures; requirements of weld metal in analysis, radiographic, tensile, impact and diffusible

hydrogen tests; preheat, interpass and postweld heat treatment temperatures; packaging, form and marking. A guid

to the application of the standard to welding operations is given in an appendix.

AWS A5.24/A5.24M: 2014

Specification for zirconium and zirconium alloy welding electrodes and rods

Requirements are specified for the classification of Zr and Zr alloy electrodes and rods for plasma arc, GMA and TI

welding. Topics include: classification; acceptance; certification; rounding-off procedure; test and retest procedures;

chemical analysis; manufacture, identification and packaging (including standard sizes, finish and uniformity,

winding requirements, filler metal identification, marking of packages and health and safety warning label). A guide

included correlating filler metal classifications with their intended applications.

AWS A5.25/A5.25M: 1997 (R2009)

Specification for carbon and low alloy steel electrodes and fluxes for electroslag welding

Classification requirements are specified for fluxes and for solid and metal cored filler materials for electroslag

welding of carbon and low alloy steels. These requirements include composition of both the electrodes and the

deposited metal, and the tensile and impact strengths of deposited metal. Test pieces and testing, acceptable levelsof porosity and inclusions, conditions of supply, packaging and marking are covered. A guide to the application of th

standard to welding operations is given in an appendix.

AWS A5.26/A5.26M: 1997 (R2009)

Specification for carbon and low alloy steel electrodes for electrogas welding

Requirements are described for solid and flux cored electrode wires, used with and without external shielding, for

the electrogas welding of carbon and high strength low alloy steels (excluding heat treatable low alloy steels).

Aspects covered include: classification and acceptance, details of tests (chemical analysis, radiography, tensile

tests, impact tests) and manufacture and packaging. A guide to the application of the standard to welding operation

is given in an appendix.

AWS A5.27: 1985

Specification for copper and copper alloy rods for oxyfuel gas welding

Discontinued

Replaced by AWS A5.7

AWS A5.28/A5.28M: 2005 (R2015)

Specification for low alloy steel electrodes and rods for gas shielded arc welding

Requirements are specified for the classification of low alloy steel solid electrodes, composite stranded electrodes,

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composite metal cored electrodes and solid rods for GMA, TIG and plasma welding. Compositions are given for

steel electrodes alloyed with Mo, Cr-Mo, Ni, Mn-Mo and microalloying additions of V, Ti, Zr and/or Al. Other aspects

covered include testing procedures, test piece preparation, tensile and impact strength requirements, radiographic

acceptance standards, diffusible hydrogen testing, interpass and PWHT temperatures, manufacture, identification

and packaging. An appendix correlates the electrode and filler rod classifications with their intended applications an

gives safety information.

AWS A5.29/A5.29M: 2010

Specification for low alloy steel electrodes for flux cored arc welding

Classification and acceptance requirements are specified for low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for welding carbo

steels and low alloy steels. Areas covered are: weld metal chemical composition; testing methods; tensile

properties; Charpy impact strength; porosity and inclusions; diffusible hydrogen tests; manufacture, dimensions,

packaging and marking; weld metal soundness test; shielding gas and current polarity; run and layer control;

dimensions of fillet welds; preheat, interpass and post weld heating temperatures; intended areas of use

AWS A5.31M/A5.31: 2012

Specification for fluxes for brazing and braze welding

Requirements for the classification of brazing fluxes are prescribed. Fifteen classes, designated with the prefix FB,

are defined according to filler metal composition, form and activity temperature range. Details of testing,

manufacture and packaging and guidelines for application of fluxes are given.

AWS A5.32/A5.32M: 2011

Welding consumables. Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes

The requirements for gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes are specified. Classification is

based on composition of the more popular single and multi-component gases. Additional requirements are included

for purity and moisture of individual gas components, testing, retesting, packaging, and cylinder or container

labelling. An annex gives information on the classification system and intended uses.

AWS A5.34/A5.34M: 2013

Specification for nickel alloy electrodes for flux cored arc welding

The requirements for classification of nickel alloy electrodes for FCA welding are prescribed and the composition,

soundness and properties of weld metal from nine grades of nickel alloy flux cored electrodes are specified.

Compositions are tabulated using ISO, UNS and traditional AWS designations for fillers. Requirements are

presented covering shielding gas, welding current and polarity, welding position, tests and suitable parent metals.

Test pieces and test methods are described for undiluted weld metal composition, radiography of butt welds, tensile

and bend tests of butt welds, and fillet welds. Standard electrode sizes and packaging are detailed.

AWS A5.35/A5.35M:2015

Specification for covered electrodes for underwater wet shielded metal arc welding

Requirements for the classification of covered electrodes for underwater wet MMA welding are specified. These

include weld metal mechanical properties and soundness, and usability of the electrode. Weld metal composition

requirements, electrode standard sizes and lengths, their marking, manufacture and packaging are also included.

AWS A5.36/A5.36M: 2012

Specification for carbon and low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for flux cored arc welding

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and metal cored electrodes for gas metal arc welding

This specification combines AWS A5.20/A5.20M, Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc

Welding, and AWS A5.29/A5.29M, Specification for Low Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux Cored Arc Welding. In

addition to the fixed classification system used previously, it introduces an open classification system intended to

accommodate advanced electrode designs and applications. Classification and acceptance requirements are

specified for carbon and low alloy steel flux-cored electrodes for FCA welding with or without shielding gas and

metal-cored electrodes for MIG/MAG welding. Topics covered include: classification and designation; weld metal

performance criteria for tensile, Charpy impact, and chemical composition; usability and heat treatment; shieldinggas compositions. Test and re-test conditions, test pieces and test procedures are specified for chemical analysis,

radiography, tensile, bend and impact tests, and diffusible hydrogen testing. An informative annex offers guidance

on effective application of the specification.

BS 639: 1986

Specification for covered carbon and carbon manganese steel electrodes for manual metal-arc welding

Superseded by BS EN 499

BS 1453: 1972 (1987)

Specification for filler materials for gas welding


BS 1845: 1984

Specification for filler metals for brazing


BS 2493: 1985

Specification for low alloy steel electrodes for manual metal arc welding

Superseded by BS EN 757 and BS EN 1599

BS 2901

Filler rods and wires for gas-shielded arc weldingPart 1: 1983 Ferritic steels


Part 2: 1990 Specification for stainless steels


Part 3: 1990 Specification for copper and copper alloys


Part 4: 1990 Specification for aluminium and aluminium alloys and magnesium alloys

Superseded by BS EN ISO 18273

Part 5: 1990 Specification for nickel and nickel alloys


BS 2926: 1984

Specification for chromium and chromium-nickel steel electrodes for manual metal arc welding


BS 4165: 1984

Specification for electrode wires and fluxes for the submerged arc welding of carbon steel and medium-

tensile steel


BS 5465: 1987

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Specification for electrodes and fluxes for the submerged arc welding of austenitic stainless steels


BS EN 439: 1994

Welding consumables. Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting


BS EN 440: 1995

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and

fine grain steels. Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 14341; supersedes BS 2901:Part 1

BS EN 499: 1995

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels.

Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 2560; supersedes BS 639

BS EN 756: 2004

Welding consumables. Solid wires, solid wire-flux and tubular cored electrode-flux combinations for

submerged arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels. Classification


BS EN 757: 1997

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high strength steels.

Classification


BS EN 758: 1997

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding, with and without a gas shield, of

non-alloy and fine grain steels. Classification


BS EN 760: 1996

Welding consumables. Fluxes for submerged arc welding. Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 14174; supersedes BS 4165 and BS 5465

BS EN 1044: 1999

Welding. Brazing filler metals


BS EN 1045: 1997 (R2007)

Brazing. Fluxes for brazing. Classification and technical delivery conditions

The standard specifies the classification of fluxes used for brazing metals and characterises them on the basis of

their properties and use. Technical delivery conditions and health and safety precautions are given.

BS EN 1274: 2004

Thermal spraying. Powders. Composition. Technical supply conditions

This standard designates thermal spray-coating powders on the basis of their physical and chemical properties.

Prescribed items include properties and property determination of powders for thermal spraying (sampling, chemica

composition, particle size range, particle size distribution, particle shape, apparent density, flow properties,

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microstructure, phase determination); classification of powders (pure metals, self-fluxing alloys, MCrAlY alloys, Ni-

Al-Fe alloys, high alloy steels, Co-Cr alloys, Cu alloys, Al alloys, Ni-graphite composites, carbides, oxides,

phosphates, non-carbide ceramics, organic materials); designation; conditions of supply, powder identification and

certification.

BS EN 1599: 1997

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of creep-resisting steels.

Classification


BS EN 1600: 1997 (R2002, 2007)

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of stainless and heat resisting

steels. Classification


BS EN 1668: 1997

Welding consumables. Rods, wires and deposits for tungsten inert gas welding [TIG welding] of non alloy

and fine grain steels. Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 636; supersedes BS 2901:Part 1

BS EN 3923 - 3965

Aerospace series. Various alloys. Filler metals for brazing. Various forms

BS EN 4683: 2011

Aerospace series. Steel Fe-WM 3504 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1). Air melted. Filler metal for welding.

Wire and rod

The requirements relating to steel FE-WM 3504 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1), air melted, filler metal for welding, wire and rod

are specified.

BS EN 12070: 2000Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wires and rods for arc welding of creep resisting steels.

Classification


BS EN 12071: 2000

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding of creep-resisting



BS EN 12072: 2000

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wires and rods for arc welding of stainless and heat resistingsteels. Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 14343; supersedes BS 2901:Part 1 and BS 5465

BS EN 12073: 2000

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding with or without a gas shield of

stainless and heat resisting steels. Classification


BS EN 12534: 1999

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wires, rods and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of high

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strength steels. Classification


BS EN 12535: 2000

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding of high strength steels

Classification


BS EN 12536: 2000 (R2005)Welding consumables. Rods for gas welding of non alloy and creep resisting steels.

Classification

Supersedes BS 1453

A classification for the designation of rods for gas welding of non alloy and creep-resisting steels by means of

chemical composition is specified.

BS EN 12943: 2000 (R2005)

Filler materials for thermoplastics. Scope, designation, requirements, tests

Guidelines for assessing the quality of plastic welding fillers are given. The following thermoplastics are covered: PE

HD, PP-H, PP-B, PP-R, PVC-NI (PVC-U), PVC-RI (PVC-U), PVC-HI (PVC-U), PVC-C, PVC-P, PVDF-H, ECTFE, PA

6, PMMA, PC, ABS-NI, PFA, FEP. The common joining method with these plastics is hot gas welding.

BS EN 13347: 2002

Copper and copper alloys. Rod and wire for welding and braze welding

The composition, property requirements and dimensional tolerances for copper and copper alloy rod and wire

intended for welding and braze welding purposes are specified. Sampling procedures, test methods for verification

of conformity and delivery conditions are also given.

BS EN 14295: 2003

Welding consumables. Wire and tubular cored electrodes and electrode-flux combinations for submerged

arc welding of high strength steels. Classification


BS EN 14640: 2005

Welding consumables. Solid wires and rods for fusion welding of copper and copper alloys. Classification

Superseded by BS EN ISO 24373; supersedes BS 2901 Part 3

BS EN 14700: 2014

Welding consumables. Welding consumables for hardfacing.

Requirements for the classification of consumables are based on the chemical composition of the all weld metal of

covered electrodes, cored wires, cored rods, cored strips, sintered strips, sintered rods and metal powders, and on

the chemical composition of solid wires, solid rods, solid strips and cast rods.

BS EN 29333: 1992

Specification for dental brazing materials


BS EN 29453: 1994

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Soft solder alloys. Chemical compositions and forms


BS EN 29454

Soft soldering fluxes. Classification and requirements. Classification

Part 1: 1994 (R2007) Labelling and packaging

Superseded by BS EN ISO 9454-1: 2016

BS EN 61190

Attachment materials for electronic assembly

Identical to IEC 61190

Part 1-1: 2002 Requirements for soldering fluxes for high quality interconnections in

electronics assembly

This standard is a flux characterization, quality control and procurement document. It defines the classification of

soldering materials, including liquid flux paste, paste flux, solder-paste flux, solder-preform flux and flux cored

solder, through specifications of test methods and inspection criteria. It is intended to apply to all types of flux as

used for soldering and in particular to soldering in electronics, specifically for high quality interconnections in

electronics assembly.

Part 1-2: 2014 Requirements for soldering pastes for high quality interconnections in

electronics assembly

The requirements of solder paste are described in general terms through the definitions of properties and

specification of test methods and inspection criteria. The standard is applicable to all types of solder paste used for

general soldering, and for soldering in electronics assembly, specifically for high quality interconnections in

electronics assembly.

Part 1-3: 2007 + A1: 2011 (+ 2015 draft) Requirements for electronic grade solder alloys and

fluxed and non-fluxed solid solders for electronic soldering applications

This part of the standard refers to electronic grade solder alloys, fluxed, non-fluxed bar, ribbon, and powder solders

other than solder paste. The requirements and test methods are prescribed for electronic soldering applications as

well as special electronic grade solders.

BS EN ISO 544: 2011

Welding consumables. Technical delivery conditions for filler materials and fluxes. Type of products, dimensions, tolerances and markings

Technical delivery conditions for filler materials for fusion welding, excluding auxiliaries e.g. shielding gases, are

specified. It covers: cored strip and covered electrodes; solid rod and wire and solid strip electrodes; tubular cored

rod and wire and tubular cored electrodes; and thin foil, using a range of welding processes. Requirements are

given for dimensions and dimensional limits, physical condition of consumables, marking, packaging and, where

applicable, details of inspection documents.

BS EN ISO 636: 2015

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Welding consumables. Rods, wires and deposits for tungsten inert gas welding of non alloy

and fine grain steels. Classification

2008 edition superseded BS EN 1668

Requirements for classification of rods and wires in the as-welded condition and in the post-weld heat-treated

condition for tungsten inert gas welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels with a minimum yield strength of up to 500

MPa or a minimum tensile strength of up to 570 MPa are specified.

BS EN ISO 1071: 2015

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes, wires, rods and tubular cored electrodes for

fusion welding of cast iron

This standard gives requirements for classifying covered electrodes for manual metal arc (MMA) welding, wire

electrodes for metal arc welding, tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding (with and without a gas shield), rods

for TIG welding and rods for oxyfuel gas welding of unalloyed cast irons. It covers the general classification, based

on the chemical composition of wires and rods and on the all-weld metal deposit for tubular cored and covered

electrodes, and also symbols, mechanical tests, chemical analysis, retests, technical delivery conditions and

designation.

BS EN ISO 2560: 2009

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine

grain steels. Classification

Supersedes BS EN 499

This standard specifies requirements for the classification of covered electrodes and deposited metal in the as-

welded condition and in the post-weld heat-treated condition for manual metal arc (MMA) welding of non-alloy and

fine grain steels with a minimum yield strength of up to 500 MPa or a minimum tensile strength of up to 570 MPa.

Details of the classification system are given, together with requirements for symbols, classification requirements,

mechanical testing and chemical analysis. Examples and information on classification systems applications are

presented.

BS EN ISO 3580: 2011 (+ 2016 draft)

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of creep resisting



Requirements for classification of covered electrodes, based on the all weld metal in the heat-treated condition, for

manual metal arc welding of ferritic and martensitic creep resisting and low alloy elevated temperature steels arespecified.

BS EN ISO 3581: 2012 (+ 2015 draft)

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of stainless and

heat resisting steels. Classification


Requirements for classification of covered electrodes for the manual metal arc (MMA) welding of stainless and heat

resisting steels, based on the all-weld metal chemical composition, type of electrode covering and other electrode

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properties and all-weld metal mechanical properties, in the as-welded or heat-treated conditions, are specified. It

covers requirements for the classification designations, symbols, chemical analysis, mechanical properties testing,

fillet weld testing, retests, technical delivery conditions and designation examples. Information is given on covering

types and weld metal ferrite content.

BS EN ISO 3677: 1995 (R2007; + 2015 draft)

Filler metal for soft soldering, brazing and braze welding. Designation

Designations are specified for filler materials for soft soldering, brazing and braze welding on the basis of thechemical composition. For brazing and braze welding materials, the solidus/liquidus temperatures are included in

the designation. Examples are given.

BS EN ISO 6847: 2013

Welding consumables. Deposition of a weld metal pad for chemical analysis


The standards specifies the procedure to be used for deposition of a weld metal pad for chemical analysis. It

encompasses: covered electrodes; wire electrodes for gas shielded manual arc welding; tubular cored rods for gas

tungsten arc welding and wire-flux combinations for submerged arc welding. It is applicable to consumables for nonalloy and fine grain steels; high strength steels; creep resistant steels; stainless and heat resistant steels; nickel and

nickel alloys and copper and copper alloys.

BS EN ISO 9333: 2006

Dentistry. Brazing materials


Requirements and test methods for brazing materials suitable for use in metallic restorations are specified.

BS EN ISO 9453: 2014Soft solder alloys. Chemical compositions and forms


Requirements are specified for the chemical composition for the following families of soft solder alloys: tin-lead, with

and without antimony, bismuth, cadmium, copper, and silver; tin-antimony; tin-bismuth; tin-copper, with and without

silver; tin-indium, with and without silver and bismuth; tin-silver, with and without copper and bismuth; tin-zinc, with

and without bismuth. It also includes an indication of the forms generally available.

BS EN ISO 9454

Soft soldering fluxes. Classification and requirements

Part 1: 2016 Classification, labelling and packaging

Supersedes BS EN 29454-1

A coding system for the classification of fluxes intended for use with soft solders, according to their active fluxing

ingredients is specified, together with requirements for labelling and packaging. Annexes give advice on flux grades

and their testing.

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Part 2: 2001 (R2007) Performance requirements

The performance requirements for fluxes in solid, liquid and paste form for use with soft solders are specified.

BS EN ISO 9455

Soft soldering fluxes. Test methods

Part 2: 1996 (R2007) Determination of non-volatile matter, ebulliometric method

An ebulliometric method for measuring non-volatile matter content in soft soldering fluxes is specified. It applies to

liquid fluxes of classes 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1), and only those fluxes containing

solvents of relatively high volatility, such as propan-2-ol. The method is only for fluxes with a non-volatile content of

10 % or more.

Part 3: 1995 (R2005, 2007) Determination of acid value, potentiometric and visual titration

methods

Two methods for measuring the acid value of type 1 and 2 fluxes (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1) are specified.

Method A is a potentiometric titration method and is the reference method. Method B is an alternative, visual end-

point, titration method.

Part 5: 2014 Copper mirror test

Supersedes BS EN 29455-5:1993

A qualitative method for assessing the aggressiveness of a flux towards copper is specified. The test is applicable t

all fluxes of type 1 as defined in ISO 9454-1.

Part 6: 1997 (R2007) Determination and detection of halide (excluding fluoride) content

Three quantitative methods for measuring the ionic halide (excluding fluoride) content of soldering fluxes are

specified. Halides are calculated as chlorides. A qualitative test method for the detection of ionic halides is also

described. Method A is a potentiometric titration method for measuring halide (excluding fluoride) content, generally

within the range 0,05 % (m/m) to 2 % (m/m) in the non-volatile matter, and applies to flux types 1 and 2 (according t

BS EN ISO 9454-1). Method B is a titration method for measuring total halide (excluding fluoride) content of water-

soluble fluxes and applies to flux classes 2.1.2.A and 3.1.1.A (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1). Method C is a

titration method for measuring the halide (excluding fluoride) content of water-soluble fluxes containing phosphates

and applies to flux class 3.2.1.A (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1). Method D is a qualitative test, using silver

chromate test paper, for the presence of ionic halides and may be used for all classes of flux.

Part 9: 1996 (R2007) Determination of ammonia content

A distillation method for measuring the ammonia content of solid, paste or liquid fluxes is specified. The method

applies to fluxes of class 3.1.1 only (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1).

Part 10: 2012 Flux efficacy test, solder spread method

A method for the measurement of soft soldering flux efficacy is specified and may be used for all flux classes define

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in BS EN ISO 9454-1.

Part 12: 1994 (R2005, 2007) Steel tube corrosion test

A qualitative method for assessing the corrosive effects of flux residues and flux vapours on mild steel is specified.

The test applies to all fluxes, although it is primarily intended for type 1 fluxes (according to BS EN IS0 9454-1).

Part 13: 2000 Determination of flux spattering

A method for estimating the tendency of a flux to spatter in use is described. The method is qualitative (comparative

and only applies to liquid fluxes, as defined in BS EN IS0 9454-l; it should not be used for flux cored solder wires or

for solder pastes.

Part 15: 2000 Copper corrosion test

A qualitative method for measuring the corrosive effects of flux residues on a copper substrate, when subjected to

controlled environmental conditions, is specified. The method applies to type 1 fluxes (according to BS EN IS0

9454-1).

Part 16: 2013 Flux efficacy tests, wetting balance method

A method for the assessment of soft soldering flux efficacy, known as the wetting balance method, is specified. It

gives a qualitative assessment of the comparative efficacy of two fluxes (e.g. a standard and a test flux), based on

their capacity to promote wetting of a metal surface by liquid solder. The method applies to all flux types in liquid

form classified in BS EN ISO 9454-1.

Part 17: 2003 + Amd.1:2006 Surface insulation resistance comb test and electrochemical

migration test of flux residues

A test method for the deleterious effects that may arise from flux residues after soldering or tinning test coupons is

specified. The test applies to fluxes types 1 and 2 (according to BS EN ISO 9454-1), in solid or liquid form, or in the

form of flux-cored solder wire, solder preforms or solder paste constituted with eutectic or near-eutectic tin/lead

(Sn/Pb) solders (BS EN ISO 9453:1990, Class E). The test method may also be used for fluxes used with lead-free

solders, with possible adjustment to the soldering temperature (with agreement between tester and customer).

BS EN ISO 12153: 2012

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and non-gas shielded metal

arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys

Requirements for the classification of tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding, with or without a gas shield, of

nickel and nickel alloys are specified. Compositions in which the nickel content exceeds that of any other element

are included.

BS EN ISO 14171: 2010 (+ 2015 draft)

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes and wire-flux combinations for submerged arc

welding of non alloy and fine grain steels. Classification


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Requirements for the classification of wire-flux combinations and all-weld metal in the as-welded condition and in th

post weld heat-treated condition for submerged arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels with a minimum yield

strength of up to 500 N/mm2 or a minimum tensile strength of up to 570 N/mm2 are specified.

BS EN ISO 14172: 2015

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of nickel and nickel

alloys. Classification

This standard gives requirements for the classification of covered electrodes for manual metal arc (MMA) weldingand overlaying nickel and nickel alloys, including those with chemical compositions in which the nickel content

exceeds that of any other element. The classification is based on a combination of the chemical composition of all-

weld metal specimens and mechanical (tensile) properties, given in tabular form. Requirements are specified for

classification symbols, chemical analysis, mechanical properties testing, delivery conditions and designation.

BS EN ISO 14174: 2012

Welding consumables. Fluxes for submerged arc welding and electroslag welding.

Classification

Supersedes BS EN 760: 1996

Fluxes for the submerged arc and electroslag welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels, high strength steels, creep

resisting steels, and stainless and heat resisting steels, nickel and nickel alloys for joining and overlay welding usin

wire electrodes and strip electrodes are specified.

BS EN ISO 14175: 2008

Welding consumables. Gases and gas mixtures for fusion welding and allied processes


Requirements for the classification of gases and gas mixtures used in fusion welding and allied processes are

specified. Shielding, backing, process and assist gases are classified and designated in accordance with their

chemical properties and metallurgical behaviour.

BS EN ISO 14232

Thermal spraying. Powders

Part 1: 2016 Draft (BSI 16/30301923 DC) Characterisation and technical supply conditions

Powders used in thermal spraying on the basis of their physical and chemical properties are detailed. Methods for

measuring powder characterisation and technical supply conditions are specified.

BS EN ISO 14341: 2011

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded arc welding of non

alloy and fine grain steels. Classification


Requirements for classification of wire electrodes in the as-welded condition and in the post weld heat-treated

condition for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels with a minimum yield strength of up to

500 N/mm2 or a minimum tensile strength of up to 570 N/mm2 are specified. One wire electrode can be tested and

classified with different shielding gases.

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BS EN ISO 14343: 2009 (+ 2015 draft)

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, strip electrodes, wires and rods for fusion welding of

stainless and heat resisting steels. Classification


Requirements are specified for classification of wire electrodes, wires and rods for gas shielded metal arc welding,

gas tungsten arc welding, plasma arc welding, submerged arc welding and laser beam welding of stainless and hearesisting steels. The classification of the wire electrodes, wires and rods is based upon their chemical composition.

BS EN ISO 14344: 2010

Welding consumables. Procurement of filler materials and fluxes

The standard is a tool for communication between a purchaser and a supplier of welding consumables within a

quality system, e.g. ISO 9001, and together with an ISO or other recognized welding consumable standard, provide

a method for preparing those specific details needed for welding consumable procurement which consist of the

welding consumable classification; the lot classification; and the testing schedule. Selection of the specific welding

consumable classification, lot classification and testing schedule will depend upon the requirements of the

application for which the welding consumable is being procured.

BS EN ISO 14372: 2011

Welding consumables. Determination of moisture resistance of manual metal arc welding

electrodes by measurement of diffusible hydrogen

A test method is set out to enable classification of manual metal arc electrode coatings as either standard or

moisture resistant. The method employed is to expose the electrodes to humid air for 24 hours, and then subject

them to diffusible hydrogen testing.

BS EN ISO 14919: 2015Thermal spraying. Wires, rods and cords for flame and arc spraying. Classification. Technical

supply conditions

Requirements are outlined for the classification of metal and non metal wires (solid and cored), rods, and cords

processed by means of thermal spraying, especially arc and flame spraying. Classification is by manufacturing

process and resulting structure. Size and tolerances, properties, sampling and testing, designation, technical supply

conditions and certification are covered.

BS EN ISO 15792

Welding consumables. Test methods

Part 1: 2008 + A1: 2011 Test methods for all weld metal test specimens in steel, nickel and

nickel alloys


The preparation of test pieces and specimens is specified. The purpose is to determine mechanical properties of al

weld metal where required by the consumable classification standard or for other purposes, in arc welding of steel,

nickel and nickel alloys. Use Parts 2 and 3 of the standard for single- or two-pass welding or fillet welding.

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Part 2: 2008 Preparation of single-run and two-run technique test specimens in steel


The preparation of butt weld test pieces and specimens for the arc welding of steel is specified. The purpose is to

define test methods in order to determine strength and impact strength of the welded joint when testing welding

consumables with single-run and two-run technique (not suitable for electro-slag or electro-gas welding).

Part 3: 2011 Classification testing of positional capacity and root penetration of weldingconsumables in a fillet weld

The standard applies, when invoked by the classification standard, to the classification of arc welding electrodes an

wires for welding carbon-manganese steels, low alloy steels, stainless steels and nickel base alloys. It describes th

preparation of the test piece and the evaluation of the test results, for assessing conformance to requirements of

positional usability and root penetration as set by the classification standard for electrode or wire.

BS EN ISO 16834: 2012

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wires, rods and deposits for gas shielded arc

welding of high strength steels. Classification


Requirements are specified for classification of wire electrodes, wires, rods and weld deposits in the as welded

condition and in the post-weld heat-treated (PWHT) condition for gas-shielded metal arc welding and tungsten inert

gas welding of high strength steels with a minimum yield strength greater than 500 MPa, or a minimum tensile

strength greater than 570 MPa. One wire electrode can be tested and classified with different shielding gases.

BS EN ISO 17632: 2015

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and non gas shielded metal

arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels. Classification


Requirements for classification of tubular cored electrodes, with or without a gas shield, for metal arc welding of non

alloy and fine grain steels in the as-welded condition or in the postweld heat-treated condition with a minimum yield

strength of up to 500 MPa or a minimum tensile strength of up to 570 MPa are specified. One tubular cored

electrode can be tested and classified with different shielding gases, if any.

BS EN ISO 17633: 2010 (+ 2016 draft)

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes and rods for gas shielded and non-gas

shielded metal arc welding of stainless and heat resisting steels. Classification


A classification system for specifying the requirements of tubular flux and metal cored electrodes and rods based on

all weld metal chemical composition, the type of electrode core, shielding gas, welding position and the all weld

metal mechanical properties, in the as welded or heat treated conditions, for gas shielded and non-gas shielded

metal arc welding of stainless and heat resisting steels is detailed.

BS EN ISO 17634: 2015

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Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded metal arc welding of creep

resisting steels. Classification


Requirements are specified for classification of tubular cored electrodes used in the post weld heat treated conditio

for gas shielded metal arc welding of creep-resisting and low alloy elevated temperature steels. A classification

system is provided in terms of chemical composition of the all-weld metal, type of electrode core, type of shielding

gas and welding position, or in terms of the tensile properties, chemical composition of the all-weld metal, usabilitycharacteristics of the electrodes, shielding gas and welding position.

BS EN ISO 17672: 2010 (+ 2015 draft)

Brazing. Brazing filler metals


The compositional ranges of a series of filler metals used for brazing are specified. Filler metals are divided into

seven classes, related to their composition, but not necessarily to the major element present. Technical delivery

conditions are given for brazing filler metals and products containing brazing filler metals with other constituents

such as flux and/or binders.

BS EN ISO 17777: 2015 draft (BSI 15/30272880 DC)

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of copper and

copper alloys. Classification

Requirements for the classification of covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of copper and copper alloys

are specified.

BS EN ISO 17834: 2003

Thermal spraying. Coatings for protection against corrosion and oxidation at elevated

temperatures

This standard is applicable to sprayed metal coatings for protection against corrosion at temperatures up to 1000°C

(1273 K).

BS EN ISO 18273: 2015

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wires and rods for welding of aluminium and

aluminium alloys. Classification

Supersedes BS 2901-4 and BS 4300-13

Requirements for the classification of solid wires and rods for fusion welding aluminium and its alloys are specified.

Classification is based on chemical composition.

BS EN ISO 18274: 2010

Welding consumables. Solid wires, strips and rods for fusion welding of nickel and nickel

alloys. Classification

Supersedes BS 2901-5

Requirements for the classification of solid wires, strips and rods for fusion welding nickel and its alloys are

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specified. Classification is based on chemical composition.

BS EN ISO 18275: 2012

Welding consumables. Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of high strength



Requirements for classification of covered electrodes and deposited metal in the as-welded condition and in thepost-weld heat-treated condition for manual metal arc welding of high-strength steels with a minimum yield strength

greater than 500 MPa or a minimum tensile strength greater than 570 MPa are specified.

BS EN ISO 18276: 2006 (+ 2015 draft)

Welding consumables. Tubular cored electrodes for gas shielded and non-gas shielded metal

arc welding of high strength steels. Classification


Requirements are specified for classification of tubular cored electrodes with or without a gas shield for metal arc

welding of high strength steels in the as welded condition or in the post weld heat treated condition with a minimumyield strength higher than 550 MPa or a minimum tensile strength higher than 590 MPa.

BS EN ISO 19288: 2015 draft (BSI 15/30293091 DC)

Welding consumables. Solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods for fusion welding of

magnesium and magnesium alloys. Classification

Requirements for the classification of solid wire electrodes, solid wires and rods for fusion welding of magnesium

and magnesium alloys are specified. The classification is based on the filler chemical composition.

BS EN ISO 21952: 2012

Welding consumables. Wire electrodes, wire, rods and deposits for gas shielded arc welding

of creep resisting steel. Classification


Requirements for classification of wire electrodes, wires and rods for gas shielded metal arc welding and tungsten

inert gas welding of creep resisting steels, and for their deposits in the as welded or post weld heat-treated

conditions are specified.

BS EN ISO 24034: 2010

Welding consumables. Solid wires and rods for fusion welding of titanium and titaniumalloys. Classification

This standard specifies requirements for the classification, based upon chemical composition, of solid wires and rod

for the fusion welding of titanium and titanium alloys. It sets out symbols for the product and for chemical

composition in tabular form and requirements for chemical analysis, retest, technical delivery conditions and

designation but excludes mechanical properties. An explanation is given of the four digit system for classifying the

chemical composition of the wire/ rod alloys.

BS EN ISO 24373: 2009

Welding consumables. Solid wires and rods for fusion welding of copper and copper alloys.

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Classification


Requirements for classification of solid wires and rods for fusion welding of copper and copper alloys, based on the

chemical composition, are specified.

BS EN ISO 24598: 2012

Welding consumables. Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and electrode/fluxcombinations for submerged arc welding of creep-resisting steels. Classification

Requirements for classification of solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and electrode/flux combinations

(all-weld metal deposits) for submerged arc welding of creep resisting and low-alloy elevated-temperature steels ar

specified. The solid wire electrode is also classified separately based on its chemical composition.

BS EN ISO 26304: 2011

Welding consumables. Solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes and electrode-flux

combinations for submerged arc welding of high strength steels. Classification


Requirements for the classification of solid wire electrodes, tubular cored electrodes, and electrode/flux

combinations (all-weld metal deposits) in the as-welded condition and in the post weld heat-treated condition for

submerged arc welding of high strength steels with a minimum yield strength greater than 500 MPa or a minimum

tensile strength greater than 570 MPa are specified.

BS ISO 13179-1: 2014

Implants for surgery. Plasma-sprayed unalloyed titanium coatings on metallic surgical

implants. General requirements

General requirements for plasma sprayed, in air and in vacuum, unalloyed titanium coatings on metallic surgical

implants are specified.

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