Tribhuvan UniversityInstitute of Engineering

Pulchowk, Campus

Report on the Minor project on

Entitled

“PC Control Using Mobile”

Submitted By:Pankaj Ghimire(061/BCT/528) ghimirepankaj@gmail.com 9841727463

Ram Chandra Panday(061/BCT/536) pul.rcp@gmail.com 9841657767 Vaskar Gnyawali(061/BCT/546) nepalivcg@gmail.com 9841579382

Submitted To:Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering

Submitted on:13 Falgun,2064

Acknowledgement

We are greatly indebted to our honorable external Examiner Mr. Daya Sagar Baral and

respected teachers Mr. Jayaram Timisina and Mr. Bikash Shrestha, who helped us during

the period of project development with their valuable suggestions regarding the

availability of the technologies and the present scenario of these types of projects. We are

also thankful to our teachers Prof. Timila Yami Thapa and Mr. Nriapa Dhoj Khadka for

his precious suggestions.

We would like to express our vote of thanks to our seniors Mr. Jwalanta Shrestha and Mr.

Shishir Jha for their valuable suggestions. We are also grateful to those friends who gave

us their precious time for different purposes and their suggestions regarding our project

selection.

Pankaj Ghimire (061bct528)

Ram Chandra Panday(061bct536)

Vaskar Gnyawali(061bct546)

2

Table of Contents

Technologies ........................................................................................................................ 5 Bluetooth ........................................................... 5 Development Tool .......................................................................................................... 7 Programming Language .................................................................................................. 7 Java .................................................................................................................................. 7 Devices Used ................................................................................................................. 11 Hardware Implemented .................................................................................................. 11

Platform and Development Environment ......................................................................... 13 Fig Complete UML diagram of the project ....................................................................... 19 Installation Process ............................................................................................................ 20 Limitations ......................................................................................................................... 21 Abbreviations

• SMS – Short Messaging Service

• API – Applications Programming Interface

• J2ME- Java 2 Micro Edition

• J2SE – Java 2 Standard Edition

• PAN - Personal Area Networks

• PDA – Personal Digital Assistant

• SDK – Standard Development Kit

• GUI – Graphical User Interface

• ISM – Industrial, Science and Medical Frequency Band

• CLDC- Connectivity Limited Device Configuration

• MIDP- Mobile Information Device Profile

• JVM-Java Virtual Machine

• KVM-Kilobyte virtual Machine

• UML- Universal Modeling Language

• BIOS-Basic Input Output System

• BDA-BIOS data Area

3

List of Tables

Table 1 Bluetooth Power Comparison -------------------------------------------5

Table 2 Bluetooth data Rate Comparison----------------------------------------6

Table 3 Parallel Port Statistics----------------------------------------------------12

Table 4 Mobile Platform Scenario-----------------------------------------------14

4

Abstract

Mobile is used for different purposes like in communication, sending SMS. It can be

extended to perform various tasks as controlling the PC and home appliances. Our project

“PC Control Using Mobile” can be used to control the PC and home appliances by

sending text message from any Bluetooth enabled mobile, supporting application

developed in J2ME.

The mobile supporting MIDP2.0 (Mobile Information Device Profile) and CLDC1.1

(Connectivity Limited Device Configuration) can be used as controller mobile in the

course of implementation of our project. This configuration, profile and the optional API

( Blucove 2.10 ) are implemented for the well operation of the different applications in

the small devices like mobile having limited processing speed ,limited memory and

limited resources.

Bluetooth networks are formed ad hoc and dynamically, when Bluetooth-enabled devices

come into proximity of one another. Technically, a Bluetooth network is called a Pico

net.

For sending the text message we must keep track of the distance from the PC (having

Bluetooth functionality) which is we are going to control. This distance fairly depends on

the range of the Bluetooth Dongle used for the establishing the network with mobile .The

network is simply the PAN (Personal Area Network) that can handle few to seven client

mobiles and a PC server.

The text message must be appropriate command that can be executed directly. The

receiving message is first interpreted to find whether it is command or not. And if it is

appropriate command, it is executed by PC.On exection the Runtiome method is called

which runs Windows OS commands. For controlling parallel port devices the Special

command calls the thread writing the data bits to the parallel port which makes the

devices on and off.

It is important to note that the mobile that we use is not fully dedicated for the controlling

purpose .It can perform its usual services independent to the configuration for controlling

the PC and home appliances

5

Introduction

As we see the technology has reduced electronic devices in size and empowered them

more and more day by day as a result mobile technology is growing more popular in

the world .This project is thought as the result of our desire to control the different

electronic devices from remote using the mobile which is available and handy device

which just not only can be used to communicate, send SMS(short message services)but

also can be used to control other different electronic devices such as desktop PC ,home

appliances like TV, micro oven, refrigerator ,rice cooker etc.

In this project we are attempting to control our desktop PC along with home appliances

that are connected to that PC via parallel port at home, office or any institution from any

places (that is at viable range from Bluetooth) by sending the text message. As we send

SMS to give information, personal message we can extend this to control the PC by

sending the appropriate text command that is recognizable to the computer .That text

message is accepted by PC (having appropriate Bluetooth connection and functionalities)

which interprets the received message.

If the text message is appropriate command message then the PC executes the command.

This ultimately reveals that the PC and any devices connected to PC via parallel port are

controlled with mobile phone by sending appropriate text message.

6

Technologies

In course of development of this application we have implemented different technologies

for establishing connection between PC server and Mobile client, for creating the proper

interface, reading and writing the text message .They are briefly described as follows.

Bluetooth

Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs).

Bluetooth provides a way to connect and

exchange information between devices such as

mobile phones, laptops, personal computers, printers, digital cameras, and

video game consoles over a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency. The

Bluetooth specifications are developed and licensed by the Bluetooth Special Interest

Group.

Bluetooth is a low-cost, short-range wireless technology that has become popular among

those who want to create personal area networks (PANs). Each PAN is a dynamically

created network built around an individual, which enables devices such as cellular phones

and personal digital assistants to connect automatically and share data immediately.

Bluetooth is a radio standard and communications protocol primarily designed for low

power consumption, with a short range (power class dependent: 1 meter, 10 meters, 100

meters) based around low-cost transceiver microchips in each device.

Bluetooth enables these devices to communicate with each other when they are in range.

The devices use a radio communications system, so they do not have to be in line of sight

of each other, and can even be in other rooms, as long as the received transmission is

powerful enough.

Class Maximum Permitted Power mW(dBm) Range(approx.)Class 1 100 mW (20 dBm) ~100 metersClass 2 2.5 mW (4 dBm) ~10 metersClass 3 1 mW (0 dBm) ~1 meter

Table 1

It has to be noted that in most cases the effective range of class 2 devices is extended if

they connect to a class 1 transceiver, compared to pure class 2 networks. This is

7

accomplished by higher sensitivity and transmitter power of the Class 1 device. The

higher transmitter power of Class 1 device allows higher power to be received by the

Class 2 device. Furthermore, higher sensitivity of Class 1 device allows reception of

much lower transmitted power of the Class 2 devices. Thus, allowing operation of Class 2

devices at much higher distances.

Table 2

More prevalent applications of Bluetooth

include:

• Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a hands-

free headset. This was one of the earliest applications to become popular.

• Wireless networking between PCs in a confined space and where little

bandwidth is required.

• Wireless communications with PC input and output devices, the most

common being the mouse, keyboard and printer.

• Transfer of files between devices with OBEX.

• Transfer of contact details, calendar appointments, and reminders between

devices with OBEX.

• Replacement of traditional wired serial communications in test equipment,

GPS receivers, medical equipment, bar code scanners, and traffic control

devices.

• For controls where infrared was traditionally used.

• Sending small advertisements from Bluetooth enabled advertising hoardings

to other, discoverable, Bluetooth devices.

• Two seventh-generation game consoles, Nintendo's Wii and Sony's

PlayStation 3, use Bluetooth for their respective wireless controllers.

• Dial-up internet access on personal computer or PDA using a data-capable

mobile phone as a modem.

Version Data RateVersion 1.2 1 Mbit/sVersion 2.0 + EDR 3 Mbit/sWiMedia Alliance (proposed) 53 - 480 Mbit/s

8

Development Tool

IDE We have used NetBeans IDE 6.0(Integrated Development Environment) with inbuilt

package

Programming Language

Java

Java is object oriented, easier, platform independent, portable language, so we have

selected java as our application developing language.

J2SE

Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE is a widely used platform for programming in

the Java language. It is the Java Platform used to deploy portable applications for general

use.

In practical terms, Java SE consists of a virtual machine, which must be used to run Java

programs, together with a set of libraries (or packages) needed to allow the use of file

systems, networks, graphical interfaces, and so on, from within those programs.

It must be noted that the expressions such as super, this or the return type void and the

method main() are not part of the class hierarchy. Instead they are implemented in the

JVM architecture.

J2MEJava 2 Platform, Micro Edition (J2ME) is the second revolution in Java’s short history.

When Java was introduced in 1995, it looked like the future of computing was in applets,

small programs that could be downloaded and run on demand. A slow Internet and a

restrictive all-or-nothing sandbox security model accounted for the initially slow adoption

of applets. Java, as a platform, really took off with the advent of servlets, Java programs

that run on a server (offering a modular and efficient replacement for the vulnerable

CGI). Java further expanded into the server side of things, eventually picking up the

moniker of Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE). This was the first revolution, the

blitz of server-side Java. The second revolution is the explosion of small-device Java, and

9

it’s happening now. The market for small devices is expanding rapidly, and Java is

important for two reasons. First, developers can write code and have it run on dozens of

small devices, without change. Second, Java has important safety features for

downloadable code.

J2ME is divided into configurations, profiles, and optional APIs, which provide

specific information about APIs and different families of devices. A configuration is

designed for a specific kind of device based on memory constraints and processor power.

It specifies a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that can be easily ported to devices supporting

the configuration. It also specifies a strict subset of the Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition

(J2SE) APIs that will be used on the platform, as well as additional APIs that may be

necessary. Device manufacturers are responsible for porting a specific configuration to

their devices. Profiles are more specific than configurations. A profile is based on a

configuration and provides additional APIs, such as user interface, persistent storage, and

whatever else is necessary to develop running applications for the device. Optional APIs

define specific additional functionality that may be included in a particular configuration

(or profile). The whole caboodle—configuration, profile, and optional APIs— that is

implemented on a device is called a stack. For example, a possible future device stack

might be CLDC/MIDP + Mobile Media API.

Connected, Limited Device Configuration (CLDC)

CLDC is the configuration that interests us, because it encompasses mobile phones,

pagers, PDAs, and other devices of similar size. CLDC is aimed at smaller devices than

those targeted by the CDC. The name CLDC appropriately describes these devices,

having limited display, limited memory, limited CPU power, limited display size, limited

input, limited battery life, and limited network connection. The CLDC is designed for

devices with 160KB to 512KB of total memory, including a minimum of 160KB of ROM

and 32KB of RAM available for the Java platform. If you’ve ever watched J2SE gobble

up tens of megabytes of memory on your desktop computer, you’ll appreciate the

challenge of J2ME. The “Connected” simply refers to a network connection that tends to

be intermittent and probably not very fast. (Most mobile telephones, for example,

typically achieve data rates of 9.6Kbps.) These connections also tend to be costly,

typically billed by the data packets exchanged. Between the high cost and intermittent

slow network connection, applications designed in the CLDC space should be very

10

sparing with the use of the network connection. The reference implementation of the

CLDC is based around a small JVM called the KVM (J2ME licensees may use this KVM

or implement their own as long as it conforms to the CLDC). Its name comes from the

fact that it is a JVM whose size is measured in kilobytes rather than megabytes. While the

CLDC is a specifications document, the KVM refers to a specific piece of software.1

Because of its small size, the KVM can’t do everything a JVM does in the J2SE world.

• Native methods cannot be added at runtime. All native functionality is built into

the KVM.

• The KVM only includes a subset of the standard byte code verifier. This means

that the task of verifying classes is split between the CLDC device and some

external mechanism.

Most deployed devices implement CLDC 1.0, but CLDC 1.1 devices are making their

way onto the market as this is written. CLDC 1.1 includes enhancements to CLDC 1.0,

including support for floating-point data types.

Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP)

Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) 2.0 specification (JSR-118), a Mobile

Information Device has the following characteristics:

• A minimum of 256KB of ROM for the MIDP implementation (this is in addition

to the requirements of the CLDC)

• A minimum of 128KB of RAM for the Java runtime heap

• A minimum of 8KB of nonvolatile writable memory for persistent data

• A screen of at least 96×54 pixels

• Some capacity for input, either by keypad, keyboard, or touch screens

• Two-way network connection, possibly intermittent

JNI

The Java platform is relatively new, which means there could be times when you will

need to integrate programs written with the Java language with existing non-Java

language services, API toolkits, and programs. The Java platform provides the Java

Native Interface (JNI) to help ease this type of integration.

11

The JNI defines a standard naming and calling convention so the Java1 virtual machine

can locate and invoke native methods. In fact, JNI is built into the Java virtual machine so

the Java virtual machine can invoke local system calls to perform input and output,

graphics, networking, and threading operations on the host operating system.

For the parallel port interface we have used jnpout32.dll

Bluecove 2.0.1 API

Bluecove is a LGPL licensed JSR-82 implementation on Java Standard Edition (J2SE)

that currently interfaces with the Mac OS X, WIDCOMM, BlueSoleil and Microsoft

Bluetooth stack. Originally developed by Intel Research and currently maintained by

volunteers. The LGPL license allows linking and distributing commercial software with

Bluecove.

Bluecove provides an implementation of the JSR 82. Applications should use API

defined in JSR-82.

Requirements

• WIDCOMM (Broadcom) BTW Stack software version 1.4.2.10 SP5 or above

• BlueSoleil version 1.6.0 or above

• Microsoft Bluetooth stack (currently this means Windows XP SP2 or newer and

Windows Mobile 2003 or newer)

• PowerPC- or Intel-based Mac OS X 10.4 (Bluetooth v1.2) or late (Since v2.0.2)

• Linux with BlueZ Bluetooth stack

• A Bluetooth device supported by the WIDCOMM, BlueSoleil or Microsoft

Bluetooth stack

• Java 1.1 or newer for the binary execution, Java 1.4 or newer to compile.

• Another Bluetooth device to communicate with.

Limitations

L2CAP support available only on WIDCOMM Stack and Mac OS X since Bluecove

version 2.0.2.

12

Due to the Microsoft Bluetooth stack only supporting RFCOMM connections, Bluecove

also only supports RFCOMM connections on this stack. The operating system support is

currently limited to Windows XP SP2 and newer, because the Microsoft Bluetooth stack

is not available on other operating systems. If someone writes code to support another

stack and/or operating system, it will be considered for inclusion. TOSHIBA on Win32

and BlueZ are welcomed!

Devices Used

Desktop PC

It is configured in PAN using Bluetooth Dongle.

Mobile

For testing and implementation of our project we have used Nokia 6300 mobile. Nokia

6300 PC suite was installed first and the developed MIDlet was installed to the mobile

via Bluetooth.

Bluetooth Dongle

Bluetooth Dongles are the simplest way of adding Bluetooth

functionality to any PC .During the development of this project, the

Bluetooth connectivity was acquired using a USB Bluetooth

Dongol.

Fig: Bluetooth Dongle

Hardware Implemented

Parallel port connecter and extension chord

A parallel port is a type of interface found on

computers (personal and otherwise) for connecting various

peripherals. It is also known as a printer port or Centronics

port . The IEEE 1284 standard defines the bi-directional

version of the port. fig :DB25 female connector

Traditionally IBM PC systems have allocated their first three parallel ports according to

the configuration in the table below.

PORT NAME Interrupt # Starting I/O Ending I/O

LPT1 IRQ 7 0x378 0x37f

LPT2 IRQ 5 0x278 0x27f

LPT3 IRQ 5 0x3bc 0x3bf

13

Table 3

If there is an unused LPTx slot, the port addresses of the others are moved up. (For

example, if a port at 0x3bc does not exist, the port at 0x378 will then become LPT1.) The

IRQ lines, however, remain fixed (therefore, 0x378 at LPT1 would use IRQ 7). The port

addresses assigned to each LPTs slot can be determined by reading the BIOS Data Area

(BDA)

• Relay switch driven by 6volt dc

• Resistors : 3 resistors each of 1.5 k ohm in series

• SL100 power transistor

• Ceramics pnp transistor

• Diode

14

Platform and Development Environment

Platform scenario of the mobile devices programming is shown below

Platform Users(in million)Java 700Symbian 70.5Series 60 50Linux 11.6Window mobile 4.5Palm OS 1.75

Table 4

From the table we observe that the Java Platform is most popular platform, so we have

chosen Java as the programming platform for our Project.

We have three parts in the development Environment

Mobile Part

We have Used J2ME to develop MIDlet Application which acts as Client in the PAN.

And it sends command to PC server and receives acknowledgement form it.

PC Part

PC application is developed in J2SE which acts as server in the PAN. It receives

command from controller and acknowledge back to it.

Parallel Port

We have used J2SE and JNI environment for the Parallel Port implementation. When

special commands Parallelon and Paralleloff command is received by the PC it write data

to the port address 0x378.

15

Methodology

As we have more options to develop this project but keeping in mind the ease of

development, knowledge of the Programming languages and the software tools available.

We have dealt with the different languages and the technologies according to the

requirement of the the application on different devices and the modules.

The modules msde with their complete information block diagrams are explained below.

We have categorized the Application in the following modules

• The Controller

• The PC Application

• Parallel port connection

• The GUI

The Controller

Controller is the remote devices which are supposed to control the PC. The J2ME is the

programming Language used to program the application and the IDE used is NetBeans It

consists of the mobility package. The MIDlet is developed and the .jar file thus built is

installed in the mobile device. It sends the commands in terms of the text message. The

text message is the commands of the Windows Xp as well as the other specifically

designed for our purpose to control the parallel port. We use Bluetooth as the channel for

the data transmission which is the latest technology on wireless technology.

The program in the mobile device performs the following procedures.

• Work as a client for the PC Application

• It stays in hunting condition for the server (PC Application) to get connected.

• Connection is served as a Serial Port Service.

• Input the command from the keypad of the mobile device.

• When the command is encoded and is sent in stream.

• The acknowledgement is received after the completion of the command.

16

• Log of the connection is stored in the application.

Block diagram of the controller is given below

Fig controller block diagram

PC Application

We have used a PC as the server for the Application. The command sent from the remote

device, the controller is received by the PC and then it is run on the computer. The

commands are received as the test message via Bluetooth Most of the commands is the

command used by the Windows command prompt they are run by the help of the runtime

class. The special commands are parallelon and paralleloff. These are used to control the

parallel port.

Receiving the command is done by the help of the Bluetooth. We have used the

Bluetooth Dongol as the hardware and the Blucove API as the api to program the

Bluetooth connection part. Similar to the mobile device we have received the data using

the readUTF() method which decodes the encoded text encoded by the writeUTF()

method. The transmission is the Stream transmission.

The program in the PC performs the following procedures.

• Initializes the Bluetooth device

• Starts the server thread and wait for the connection.

• When any Bluetooth devices come within the Bluetooth region it connects to it

and inquires the services.

• If the service is the serial port profile(SPP) service then it waits for the command

sent from the controller.

• When command is received it runs the command through the runtime method and

the command is executed. If the command is related to parallel port it works

accordingly.

Input decodee

Send data

Listen AckPC

17

Bluetooth System

• After the command is completed it sends the acknowledgement back to the

controller. And writes the log on the console.

• When the client is disconnected it continues searching the other devices in range.

The block diagram of the PC program is

Fig block diagram of PC application

Parallel Port

This is the next component of our project which includes the hardware design to operate

a relay switch using the parallel port of the PC. The port address used for this is 0x 378.

We have programmed this in JAVA using the JNI i.e. Java Native Interface. This is the

process where the program written in different language is included in the java and the

methods in that file (native program) are called from the java file. For this purpose we

have used a .dll file named jnpout.dll as the native file which we downloaded from the

internet.

As stated earlier the command parallelon and paralleloff are used for the parallel port

interfacing. The text message as a command is received and the class PMTS is called

which consists of the methods that calls the native methods. Then for the parallelon

command we have sent the hex 10 to the hex 378 address and hex 00 for the paralleloff

command. The both command operations are included in the separate thread so that they

can be handled independently.

For the case of the hardware implementation we have used the following circuit

18

Inquiry BT devices Inquiry BT servicesIf SP Connect

Wait for command

Execute

Acknowledge

Log

Controller

Vcc | +-----+------+Parallel Port D --- | 1N4001 / \ Relay coil /---\ | | | +-----+------+ | | R | / | 4.7K B |/ C T1 | Data----------------------\/\/\/\/---| BC547A | |\ E | | V | / | B |/C T2 +----------| sl100 |\E | v | Port GND -----------------------------------------+ external circuit ground

Fig circuit diagram of the parallel Port interfacing

Fig Hardware implementation

The GUI

For our purpose we have used two different GUI i.e. for PC part and for the mobile

device part. Although we have not much emphasized on the GUI of the PC.For this

purpose we have made just a frame which displays the client connection with its name

and the connection time. The command sent from the mobile device is also displayed.

After the completion of the command execution, acknowledge sent to mobile device is

also displayed.

19

Similarly for he case of the mobile part we have made a message area which displays the

command sent and the acknowledgement received, and a command area (text area) which

takes the input of the commands from the user.

The mobile and PC GUI is shown below.

Fig mobile GUI Fig PC GUI

20

Implementation

The implementation of the complete project is shown in the UML Diagram below

Fig Complete UML diagram of the project

Command

Receive Command

Execute

ACK

Port Write

Relay Operation

OS command

Start

Send

Send

Special command

.User Controller PC Server Parallel Port Device

21

Installation ProcessAny java enabled mobile with the Bluetooth support is required for the installment of the

mobile part of the project. For the case of the PC part we need the Java installed PC with

Windows Operating system.

Mobile part installation process is given below

(We can use the PC suite for the installation we used Nokia 6300 PC Suite for our

purpose)

• Install the PC Suite

• Install the mobminor.jar file to the mobile using the PC suite

• On the Bluetooth in the device.

• Complete the Bluetooth connection process

• Start the installed software in the Mobile

It is now ready to send the command to control the PC

Installation process on PC

• Copy the jnpout.dll file to the folder listed in the system path, generally System

32 is included in the System path or you can list the folder containg the file in the

system path yourself.

• Connect the Bluetooth Dongol to the PC

• Connect the parallel port connector to the port on PC

• Start the program

When the program is started it will automatically search for the devices near it. when the

devices found it searches for the Bluetooth services. If the mobminor is ON, it finds the

required services and the connection between the server and the client is connected. You

are now ready to start the command control.

22

LimitationsFirst we thought to develop the application that can control our PC and home appliances

connected to it by parallel port from any where by sending the SMS( Short Message

Service).The SMS was supposed to be accepted by the Mobile that is with in the

network(Bluetooth range) of the PC and that Mobile was supposed to interpret the

simple message and command and sent command to the server PC via Bluetooth .

But later we realized that the SMS port reading is not supported in J2ME (Java2 Micro

Edition), we decided to confine within the range of Bluetooth Network .So our project

cannot be implemented beyond the range of Bluetooth support.

Due to the lack of different hardware modules like X10 modules we could not implement

our application directly to the home appliances rather we used the Relay for the

indicating on and off of the devices.

Our GUI part of the application at the PC side is not much attractive since we are

concentrated only on the functional part of the application in the PC side.

Also our project can be implemented only to those mobiles that support profile MIDP2.0

and configuration CLDC1.1 and those which are Bluetooth enabled. But it is expected to

work with in the mobile that support CLDC1.0 since CLDC 1.1 is backward compatible

with CLDC1.0

23

Future Enhancement

As we have stated our project has some limitations due to the limitation of technology

and availability of some hardware. We can overcome some limitations of our project by

developing it in the C language and Symbian OS Platform. In which we can send the

SMS to the agent Mobile that is readily connected to the Bluetooth enabled PC.

The agent Mobile first interprets the incoming message and sends to the PC server if it is

command.

So we can control the PC and Home appliances like TV, Micro oven, Rice Cooker etc

that are connected via parallel port from any where independent of Bluetooth viable

distance .It can be further extended to communicate with any body residing in the

computer via our mobile phone

Basically we can implement our application only in the window platform but we can

work further to make our application platform independent.

24

References

• Bruce Eckel, Thinking in Java, Prentice Hall India

• Deitel And Deitel, How to program Java,Pretience Hall India

• Beginning J2ME: From Novice to Professional, Third Edition,Jonathank Knudsen

and Sing Li, Apress

• S60 Programming A tutorial Guide,Paul Coulton and Reuben Edwards withHelen

Clemson,wiley

• Forum Nokia, forum.nokia.com]

25