Wherever you go, gowith all your heart

Confucius 

* TRANSPORTATIONTraffic Problems in Big Cities

PROVERBS1. Tell me with whom you travel, and I'll tell

you who you are.2. Do in Rome as the Romans do. 3. Abroad to see wonders the traveler goes, and neglects the fine things which lie under his nose.4.  East or West, home is the best.5.  If you love your son, let him travel. 

SAYINGS OF FAMOUS PEOPLE“It is good to have an end to journey toward; but it is the journey that matters, in the end.”  Ernest Hemingway

The World is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page.

Saint Augustine“To travel is to live.”  Hans Christian Andersen “One’s destination is never a place, but a new way of seeing things.”  Henry Miller 

 to increase day by day збільшується щоденно ;facing traffic problems стикатися з транспортними

проблемами;no respect for the traffic rules немає поваги до правил дорожнього

руху;the duty of every citizen обов'язок кожного громадянина;over the causes of traffic accidents над причиною дорожньо -

транспортних пригод;the miserable condition of roads нещасний стан доріг;rush driving of trucks водіння вантажного транспорту в

години пік;technical defeats технічні неполадки;to keep regular check проводити регулярні перевірки;

issuing driving licenses видавати водійські посвідчення;defaulters неплатники;

to review and amend переглядати і змінювати

TRAFFIC PROBLEMS IN BIG CITIES

In last few years the population of the world is increasing day by day and people are facing traffic problems in big cities. Unfortunately we have little road sense and perhaps, no respect for the traffic rules. This fact has also added to road miss-haps. Therefore, this is the duty of every citizen to think over the causes of traffic accidents and help the administration in solving the problem. No doubt, bad roads are the main cause of traffic accidents, almost all the big roads of our cities were built when the traffic was very light. But after the creation the population of these cities increased with a great speed. As our roads are very narrow for traffic which is almost double their capacity, accidents have become very common. Thus, the miserable condition of roads is the main cause of road accidents. Another cause of traffic accident is rush driving of trucks and other heavy vehicles, sometimes technical defeats in the machinery also cause accidents, and many lives are lost.

All these causes of road accidents may be checked by good administration and careful planning. If we want to solve the problem of traffic accidents in our cities, we should see that our roads are widened and re-surfaced as soon as possible. A regular campaign should be taught with the help of radio, cinema, newspaper and television. Our traffic police should also keep regular check on the speed of motor vehicles, and the licensing department should be a bit stricter while issuing driving licenses. This is also important that the owners of all sorts of motor vehicles should be compelled to get their engines checked at least once a year; Defaulters should be severely dealt with. Some people believe that the present punishment for road accidents is not so severe as it should also be reviewed and amended. This step would make the drivers more careful.

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS1. Do we have much road sense and respect for the traffic rules? 2.What is the main cause of traffic accidents?3.What is another cause of traffic accident?4.How can we solve the problem of traffic accidents?5.What should owners of all sorts of motor vehicles do?

 

FILL IN THE GAPSSpeeding, a flat tyre, fine, petrol station, braked

My worst journey ever? That would have been in the summer of 2000. I was returning home from Scotland. First I had a ______________.I had to change the wheel.I drove on and I couldn't find a _______________ for a hundred miles. I nearly ran out of petrol. Well, I was in a bit of a hurry after that, and I guess I drove a little above the speed limit. The police stopped me to________________for ___________. And when I was nearly back, two streets away from home, a guy in front of me ________________so suddenly I drove into the back of his car!

SAY TRUE OR FALSE1. This is Jazz’s second visit to London. 2. Jazz’s bag is very light. 3. Ashlie’s phone is in her coat pocket. 4. Ashlie leaves Stephen and Jazz because she needs to find her bag. 5. The streets are very busy. 6. Stephen and Jazz decide to walk because it is quicker than driving. 7. Ashlie has met Jazz before. 8. Jazz is in London for one day. 9. Ashlie had her bag in the train. 10. Jazz saw Ashlie put her bag on the seat in the train. 11. Jazz doesn’t like London. 12. Stephen has Ashlie’s bag.

*

MATCH THE FOLLOWING PHRASES TO THE DEFINITIONS

1 To take a visitor to different places of interests:

A. traffic

2 A busy time of day, when streets are very crowded with people travelling to or from work:

B. show(someone) the sights

3 All of the vehicles moving along a road:

C. terrible

4 Very good:

D. the rush hour

5 Really bad:

E. a surprise

6 Extremely good:

F. hurry

7 An unexpected event:

G. fantastic

8.

To move or do things more quickly than normal:

H. amazing

* In what order do these things happen? The first and last one have been numbered for you.

  A It’s about ten minutes' walk to the flat from here.8. B Can you pull over here, please?1. C Oh gosh! This is an amazing city. What is that building over

there?

  D Ah - you should see it in rush hour. Sometimes it’s quicker to walk. In fact, maybe we should… are you OK with walking?

  E OK, that’s fine. I think we can manage with these bags.  F Is it a long way?  G The traffic in London is terrible. Is the traffic always bad?  H Oh, that’s the Royal Albert Hall... I hope we’re going to get

there on time.

HOW TO BEHAVE LIKE A HUMAN BEING ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT

1• A) Don't eat or drink on public transport. If the bus or train

suddenly stops or swerves, your coffee could go flying and spill on your neighbour. 

2

3

• B) Keep your belongings in your personal space. Say if you're travelling by bus, keep your hand-bag on your lap, and not on the seat, since there is limited sitting space on a seat. The other passengers should not feel comfortable.

• C) Most importantly, while getting up on the bus or train, allow people to get off first and then enter. When you are getting off, don't push people. If the train is crowded, try to be in front of the door before your stop arrives.

4 • D) Talking on the phone is the biggest no when taking public transportation. No one wants to listen to your drama on his or her way home from work. If you get a call, try to talk in a normal voice. Don't shout or yell. It is better if you ask the person at the other end to hang up and call them back later.

5 

• E) Greet the bus driver with a smile and “Good Morning”. At the end of the ride, say “Thank you”.

 

 

6• F) Primping should be done at home. Don't do your make up, clip

or file your fingernails or brush your hair when on the bus or train.

 

7• G) When you're traveling with a friend, don't talk too loud and

don't say anything you wouldn't want advertise over a loud speaker - you never know who is traveling with you.

 

8• H) Always give up your chair to the elderly, the disabled,

pregnant women, or children. It is infuriating when people do not follow this rule.

9• I) If you wish to listen to music, always put on your earphones.

Loud music might be disturbing to the other passengers. 

*OTHER RULES: Have your ticket or money ready before you

board a bus. Don't leave soft drink cans or empty food

containers on your seat. Keeping the train, bus or taxi clean is your responsibility.Always cover your mouth when you sneeze, cough or burp, with

a handkerchief or tissue. Avoid picking your nose by all means.If you are standing, say in a bus, leave room for people to move

around.Make sure your bus pass is visible to the driver.If you see that the bus or train is crowded, immediately move to

the back so more people can get on

* INSERT THE MISSING PREPOSITION

A. Remove the things _______________ the seat. (off, from, onto, at)B. We are stuck _______________ traffic. (in, from, into, with)C. The bus is never _______________ time. (for, at, on, into)D. Can I transfer _______________ bus to train? (from, for, into, onto)E. You can purchase the tickets _______________ the train at the token booth. (onto, on, in, for) 

*

CHOOSE THE CORRECT, MOST NATURAL-SOUNDING RESPONSES ACCORDING TO THE CONTEXT OF THE

СONVERSATION:

 Gas station attendant: What can I do for you. You: Fill it up, please... Hey, _____________________ is Philadelphia from here?a) how long b) how far c) whereGas station attendant: It's about 100 miles from here. You: What's ____________________ to get there?a) the best way b) best c) a wayGas station attendant: Take the 95. That will take you all the way to Philadelphia. You: Thanks. Is the 95 a _____________________ highway? a) paying b) toll c) cashGas station attendant: No, it's free. Would you like me to clean your windshield? You: Yes, please... And could you check my _________________ as well?a) oil b) liquid c) containerGas station attendant: All right... All done. That'll be $46.75. You: Here you go. ____________________.a) Keep the money b) Keep it for yourself c) Keep the change

* READ THE DEFINITIONStaxi, taxis [tæksi]

a vehicle that may be hired for single journeys by members of the public and driven by a taxi driver

tractor, tractors [træktə]

a vehicle used on farms e.g. for pulling farm equipment and preparing the fields

 

caravan, caravans [kærəvæn]

a furnished vehicle towed behind a car and used as a dwelling when stationary

car, cars a wheeled vehicle that moves independently, steered by a driver mostly for personal transportation

 

lorry, lorries

a large motor vehicle for transporting goods

bicycle, bicycles [ˈbaɪsikəl]

a vehicle that has two wheels, one behind the other, a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and is usually propelled by the action of a rider’s feet upon pedals

motorbike, motorbikes

a motorcycle, especially a relatively small one

bus, buses a motor vehicle for transporting large numbers of people along roads

train, trains a line of connected cars or carriages pushed or pulled by one or more locomotives, especially a railroad train which travels on a set of tracks

coach, coaches a single decker long-distance, or privately hired bus

tram, trams [træm]

a passenger vehicle for public use that runs on tracks in the road

tube, tubes [tjub]

the London Underground railway system, originally referred to the lower level lines that ran in tubular tunnels as opposed to the higher ones which ran in rectangular section tunnels

plane, planes [plein]

a powered heavier-than-air aircraft with fixed wings that obtains lift by the Bernoulli effect and is used for transportation of humans and goods

1. a vehicle used on farms e.g. for pulling farm equipment and preparing the fields_______________2. a passenger vehicle for public use that runs on tracks in the road___________________3. a powered heavier-than-air aircraft with fixed wings that obtains lift by the Bernoulli effect and is used for transportation of humans and goods_____________________4. a single decked long-distance, or privately hired bus__________________________5. a large motor vehicle for transporting goods________________________6. a vehicle that has two wheels, one behind the other, a steering handle, and a saddle seat or seats and is usually propelled by the action of a rider’s feet upon pedals______________

*

FILL IN THE WORDS FROM THE PREVIOUS EXERCISE

7. the London Underground railway system, originally referred to the lower level lines that ran in tubular tunnels as opposed to the higher ones which ran in rectangular section tunnels________________________8. a furnished vehicle towed behind a car and used as a dwelling when stationary______________9. a line of connected cars or carriages pushed or pulled by one or more locomotives, especially a railroad train which travels on a set of tracks____________________10. a wheeled vehicle that moves independently, steered by a driver mostly for personal transportation__________________11. a motorcycle, especially a relatively small one___________________________12. a vehicle that may be hired for single journeys by members of the public and driven by a taxi driver_____________________13. a motor vehicle for transporting large numbers of people along roads________________

LISTEN AND WRITE THE CORRECT WORDYou can drive a ,___________you can drive a ,___________you can ride on a ______________or in a bus

How do you get from A to Bover ______________, through the________ , or on the ___________?

You can ride a __________________you can ride a __________________you can ride a __________________if you like

How do you get from A to Bover land, through the air, or on the sea?

You can sail a _____________if the____________  is rightor inside a _________________if itґs watertightyou can fly a __________________way up in the _________________or a _________________________if you want to try

How do you get from A to Bover land, through the air, or on the sea?

You can catch a ____________ if you have the_____________ or you can ________________from here to there

How do you get from A to Bover land, through the air, or on the sea?

You can fly a _________ shipif you have been taughtBut______  you have to train to bean ___________

How do you get from A to Bover land, through the air, or on the sea?

How do you get from A to Bover land, through the air, or on the sea?

 

Choose the correct verb:

 (fly, drive, ride)

you__________  a scooter you __________ a planeyou __________ a caryou __________ on a trainyou  __________a truckyou __________ a unicycleyou __________ a helicopteryou__________ a rocket shipyou __________ a bike