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Ticks and Lyme Disease www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

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Page 1: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Ticks and Lyme Disease

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 2: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Lyme disease is the most common

tick-borne disease in Maryland and in

the United States.

Lyme disease was first recognized in the Untied States in 1975 after an unusual outbreak of arthritis near Lyme,Connecticut.

Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi.

Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of an infected black-legged tick (sometimes called a deer tick). The tick must be attached for at least 24 hours for transmission to occur.

www.MarylanTickdOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 3: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Ticks can feed on mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

Most ticks have different host animal at each stage of their life. www. MarylandTickOff.org

Life cycle of blacklegged ticks www.cdc.gov

Page 4: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Ticks on Block: (L-Top to bottom) Male adult, female adult, nymph deer ticks; (R-Top to bottom) Male adult, female adult lone star ticks.

(Photo: James Occi, MA, MS)

What do ticks look like?

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 5: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Three fully engorged (filled with blood), one partially engorged, one un-engorged female deer ticks. (Photo: James Occi, MA, MS)

What do ticks look like?

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 6: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

This tick is widely distributed in the northeastern and upper Midwestern U.S.

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 7: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland

The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the lone star tick.

Ticks are related to spiders. They have 8 legs.

Ticks can transmit infectious diseases when they bite you.

Not every tick bite transmits disease.

Some ticks are extremely small. The tick that transmits Lyme disease may be smaller than a sesame seed!

www.MarylandTickOff.org

www.MarylandTickOff.org

www.cdc.gov

CDC

Page 8: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Preventing tick-borne disease: Look for ticks when they are

most active in late spring through early fall.

Wear long pants and long sleeves, to help keep ticks off your body.

Tuck shirts into pants, and pants into socks, to keep ticks on the outside of clothing.

Wear light colored clothing to help spot ticks more easily.

Use insect repellent, such as DEET, according to the product label.

When hiking, walk in the center of the trail when in woods or high grass. Stay away from brushy areas, high grass and leaf litter.

Check for ticks daily after being in tick habitat.

Talk to your veterinarian about tick control products for pets.

www.MarylandTickOff.org

www.cdc.gov

Page 9: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Repel Ticks with DEET or Permethrin

Use repellents that contain 20 to 30% DEET (N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide) on exposed skin and clothing for protection that lasts up to several hours. Always follow product instructions. Parents should apply this product to their children, avoiding hands, eyes, and mouth.

Use products that contain permethrin on clothing. Treat clothing and gear, such as boots, pants, socks and tents with products containing 0.5% permethrin. It remains protective through several washings. Pre-treated clothing is available and may be protective longer.

Other repellents registered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may be found at http://cfpub.epa.gov/oppref/insect/.

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 10: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Preventing Ticks in the Yard - Creating a Tick-Safe Zone Through Landscaping

Clear tall grasses and brush around homes and at the edge of lawns.

Place a 3-ft wide barrier of wood chips or gravel between lawns and wooded areas and around patios and play equipment. This will restrict tick migration into recreational areas.

Stack wood neatly and in a dry area (discourages rodents that ticks feed on).

Keep playground equipment,

decks, and patios away from yard edges and trees and place them in a sunny location, if possible.

Mow the lawn frequently and keep leaves raked.

Remove any old furniture, mattresses, or trash from the yard that may give ticks a place to hide.

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.org

Page 11: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Preventing Ticks on your pets:

Dogs are very susceptible to tick bites and

tick-borne diseases.

• Vaccines are not available for all the tick-borne

diseases that dogs can get, and they don’t keep the

dogs from bringing ticks into your home.

• For these reasons, it’s important to use a tick

preventive product on your dog.

Tick bites on dogs may be hard to detect.

• Signs of tick-borne disease may not appear for 7-21

days or longer after a tick bite.

• Watch your dog closely for changes in behavior or

appetite if you suspect that your pet has been bitten by

a tick. www.MarylandTickOff.org

www.cdc.gov

Marc Oeder/Stock4B/Getty Images

Page 12: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Reduce the chance for tick-disease for you

and your pets:

Check your pets for ticks daily, especially after they spend time outdoors.

If you find a tick on your dog, remove it right away.

Ask your veterinarian to conduct a tick check at each exam.

Talk to your veterinarian about tick-borne diseases in your area.

Reduce tick habitat in your yard.

Talk with your veterinarian about using tick preventives on your pet.

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov

Page 13: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Tick Removal 1. Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick as close to

the skin's surface as possible.

2. Pull upward with steady, even pressure. Don't twist or jerk the tick; this can cause the mouth-parts to break off and remain in the skin. If this happens, remove the mouth-parts with tweezers. If you are unable to remove the mouth easily with clean tweezers, leave it alone and let the skin heal.

3. After removing the tick, thoroughly clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol, an iodine scrub, or soap and water.

4. Dispose of a live tick by submersing it in alcohol, placing it in a sealed bag/container, wrapping it tightly in tape, or flushing it down the toilet. Never crush a tick with your fingers.

www.MarylandTickOff.org

Avoid folklore remedies such as "painting" the tick with nail polish or petroleum jelly, or using heat to

make the tick detach from the skin. Your goal is to remove the tick as quickly as possible--not waiting

for it to detach.

.

Step 2

Step 1

Page 14: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Recognize the symptoms of Lyme Disease:

From 3-30 days after a tick bite, a gradually expanding rash

can occur at the site of the bite in 70-80% of infected people.

The rash can expand over several days to up to 12 inches

and may resemble a bull’s eye.

Fever, headache and fatigue. If untreated, Lyme disease may

progress to involve joints, the nervous system, and the

cardiac system.

Contact your health care provider if you develop any of these

symptoms after a tick bite or after being in tick habitat.

Most cases of tick-borne disease can be cured with

antibiotics, especially when treatment is started early.

Bell’s (facial)

palsy

Bull’s-eye” rash

Arthritis

Page 15: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Take Home Message:

Reducing exposure to ticks is the best defense

against Lyme disease and other tick-borne

infections.

A Lyme disease vaccine is no longer available. •The vaccine manufacturer discontinued production in 2002, citing insufficient consumer demand.

•Protection provided by this vaccine diminishes over time. Therefore, if you received the Lyme disease vaccine before 2002, you are probably no longer protected against Lyme disease.

www.MarylandTickOff.org

www.cdc.gov

Page 16: Ticks and Lyme Disease - oaklandmills.org€¦ · Ticks Can Be Found Throughout Maryland The most common ticks in Maryland are the black-legged tick, the American dog tick, and the

Questions

Howard County Health Department

Communicable Disease Surveillance

8930 Stanford Boulevard

Columbia, MD, 21045

410-313-5886/7321

www.hchealth.org

www.MarylandTickOff.org www.cdc.gov