Presenter ： Yi-Chun TsaiAdvisor ： Dr. Chin-Ying Lin

December 24, 2009

IntroductionI

Purposes of the StudyII

Research QuestionsIII

Literature ReviewIV

MethodologyV

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Background of the Study

In academia, the emergence of globalization as a dominant discourse has generated heated debates on issues such as whether the world is becoming more homogenous or heterogeneous.

(Ke, 2008)

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Background of the Study

While most of the published literature on expatriation has focused on the training and selection, little is known about the processed that expatriates find most useful in adjusting to living and working in a foreign country.

(Palthe, 2004)

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Statement of the Problem

There is a limited amount of research that has focused on native English teachers (NETs) in Taiwan, especially related to their cross-cultural adjustment on educational organization and working.

Purposes of the Study

to explore the notion of the factor---the cross-cultural adjustment of the native English teachers at schools in Taiwan

to investigate the view with respect to administration staffs for the native English teachers in Taiwan

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Research Questions

How do the native English teachers adjust themselves to the academic culture at schools in Taiwan?

What is the culture shock for the native English teachers at schools in Taiwan?

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Research Questions

What are the different working expectations between the native English teachers and the administrators?

What trainings effectiveness for native English teachers may improve their adjustment in Taiwan?

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Academic Culture

Culture in Organizations

Culture in Educational Administration

Culture Shock

World Culture

Cross-cultural Cross-cultural AdjustmentAdjustment

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World Culture

It is a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by human as a member of society.

(Tylor, 2004)

Academic Culture

It is the miniaturization of the concept of culture so that researchers study and write about the culture of the school or even the culture of the classroom.

(Scollon, 2009)

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Culture in Organizations

That is a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration.

(Schein, 2002)

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Culture in Educational Administration

Some characteristics of school culture that we tend to regard as fixed are attributable to differences in national culture and expectations.

(Huberman, 2004)

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Culture Shock

It is becoming the intercultural competent consists of changing values, greater self-confidence, and a change in perspective.

(Taylor, 2004)

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Cross-cultural Adjustment

It follows logically that the various antecedents to adjustment may have different degrees of impact on each facet of adjustment.

(Palthe, 2004)

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Research Design

Instrument Procedure

Case Study Method

It refers to a method that complements survey and experimental techniques, one which provides detailed information about the research.

(Gomm et al., 2000)

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Qualitative approaches

With qualitative approaches, respondents have more freedom to express their feelings, so cultural differences and cross-cultural adjustment could be better captured.

(Liu & Spector, 2005)

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Social Validity

Socially valid findings may be achieved through the use of participatory action research, which, in its theoretical orientation, helps bring the results of research closer to adoption.

(Forster & Mash, 1999)

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Subjective Judgment

As one of social validity method, it is a popular method for quantifying subjective judgment utilizes the dominant eigenvector of a matrix of paired comparisons.

(Schlosser, 2003)

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Pilot StudyMembers of

Department of English at NTIT

Members ofDepartment of English

at NTIT

1 NET1 NET

InterviewInterview

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37 37 StudentsStudents

QuestionnairesQuestionnaires

6 Interviews 6 Interviews in randomin random

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Results of Pilot Study

The native English teacher had different beliefs and expectations on teaching from Taiwanese students.

The communication problems exist in working with local English teachers and administrators at schools.

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AdministratorsAdministrators

Members ofa school in central Taiwan

Members ofa school in central Taiwan

Participants

NETsNETs

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NETsNETs

AdministratorsAdministrators

Participants

Personal InformationWorkplace BackgroundJobs and PositionsWorking Experiences

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Documentary Analysis•Organizing•Reading•Describing•Classifying•Interpreting

NETsNETs In-Depth Interview•Face-to-face interview•Two hours and recorded•Open-ended questions•Member checking•Follow-up interviews

Instruments

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Educational organization

and administration

in schools

Hiring the native

English-speaking

teachers in schools

Administration assistants

AE AH

Teaching assistants

TE TH

Student assistants

SE SH

AdministratorsAdministrators

Instruments

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Reliability

The investigator’s position including the basis for selecting informants, and an audit trail consisting of interview tapes and transcriptions, will be used to ensure the reliability of this research.

(Flick, 2006)

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Validity

Member checking will be used and the in- depth interview and the open-ended questionnaires of this study will be applied the between-method of methodological triangulation.

(Denzin, 1986; Flick, 2005)

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Procedure

NETsNETs

InterviewInterview

AdministratorsAdministrators

QuestionnairesQuestionnaires

DataAnalysis

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Data Analysis

Research Q1+Q2

Cross-Cultural Adjustment

NETs

Interview

Part I + II

Administrators

Questionnaires

Part II + III

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Data Analysis

Research Q3+Q4

Expectations and Trainings

NETs

Interview

Part I + II

Administrators

Questionnaires

Part IV + V

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Make the definition of terms shorter

Add the list of literature review

Note the limitation of the study

Design the interviews of students