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Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre
CONTENT
• Company: ANALISIS-DSC.
• What can we offer?.
• Application of CFD on Data Center Ventilation.
• Uptime classification.
• Case study: Analysis and Optimization ofventilation in a Data Center.
• Conclusions.
• References in the sector.
• Contact.
ANALISIS-DSC is an engineering services company, we are specialized in:
Discrete Elements Analysis
Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD)
Finite Elements Analysis (FEA)
ANALISIS-DSC
SERVICES
• Design optimization.
• Industrial processes optimization.
• Energetic efficiency Analysis.
• Contingencies Analysis.
• Equipment damages Analysis.
RESULTS
• Cost Savings.
• Quality improvement.
• Increasing production.
• Raising profits.
• Risks reduction.
ANALISIS-DSC
APPLICATION OF CFD ON DATA CENTER VENTILATION
CFD: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS How can it help?
PUE calculus (Power Usage Effectiveness)
Modeling of extraordinary
situations (disconnect air
treatment units, etc.)
Modeling of
lay-out modifications
It is possible to a no conventional
patterns
CFD is used in cleaning
rooms and other HVAC
(Heating, Ventilation
and Air Conditioning)
special applications
CFD is recommended in these cases.
DATA CENTERS: GENERAL VISION
The “occupants” are software applications.
The load is variable and transient: newsoftware installation can be done quickly.
Hardware updates is frecuently done.
Power and refrigeration installation isupdated less frequently.
The load power/refrigeration density, is atleast 10 times the density of a office building.
The standard of the Telecommunicationsindustry association (TIA-942), establishes theventilation requisites.
Equipment damage
limit.Disconnection
Operational limit
Equipment performance and
consumption management
Functional limit
HVAC/PUE system
optimization
Tem
per
atu
rein
IT
Equ
ipm
ents
UPTIME CLASSIFICATION
• Non redundant.
• One feeding way with 99.671% availability.
TIER I
• TIER I, with redundant availability.
• 99.741% availability.
TIER II
• TIER I+TIER II.
• Double feeding ways.
• 99.982% availability.
TIER III
• I+II+III.
• Double feeding ways.
• HVAC systems assured.
• 99.995% availability.
TIER IV
In the present case study we candistinguish the following steps:1) Initial design analysis.2) Identifying the present problems with aCFD analysis.3) Proposals to solve the existingproblems.4) CFD analysis to verify if the proposalssatisfy an optimal design.
Initial Design
Modified Design
Objective accomplished?
Final DesignCFD analysis with other
design options
Yes
CFD
No
STUDY CASE
CPD
• 30 m X 15 m surface area.
• Driven ventilation air from the raisedfloor, and return through the roof.
• 5 cold corridors + 1 room.
IT
• 191 Racks.
• 8.45 kW heat per Rack.
• Maximum Temperature 23ºC.
HVAC
• 4 air treatment units.
• 405 kW per machine.
STUDY CASE
Ducts the Air Handling Units
(AHU)
Separate room
Racks
Ducts to technical floor
Hot air extraction
Grilles
INITIAL DESIGN
Identification of grilles on the first CFD model of Data Center:Drive grids.Extraction grilles.Outlet false ceiling (Entrance to machines).Drive ducts to false floor.
INITIAL DESIGN
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
This image shows that the temperatures at 1 m height in the coldcorridors are acceptable.
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
In this image it is observed that the upper racks (at 2.3 m height) are getting air withtemperature higher than 25ºC this means, a design modification is required.
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
In this image it is observed that the temperatures in the corridor ends is higher than desired.This requires the application of corrective measures.
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
It is possible to carry out a very detailed zone analysis, in this present case we willanalyze the separate room. There are 4 racks equivalent power installed equipment.
As the isosurface shows, the area close to the racks reach 25°C.
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
It is possible to make a very precise analysis of the air jets, measuring velocities andpressures in the plenum and ventilation ducts.
INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
INITIAL DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM
The velocity distribution in the hallways shows the still areas.Then, it is possible to know which racks would have greater ventilation problems.
Optimized design: • An homogeneous distribution of the flows is sought.• Avoid mixing of hot air in the cold corridors.
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: MEASURES
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
We can see that the temperatures reached in the cold corridors have improved to aheight of 1 m.
The problem of poor temperature distribution is eliminated, having 100% of the coldcorridors to 20ºC.
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
Here, we can see that the critical zones do not receive hot air.
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
The air flow through the new vents is more uniform and the pressure loss is reduced.
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM
With the new design, the velocities of the air jets are smaller.
In this view, we can see how the ventilation return is running (improved velocity distribution).
OPTIMIZED DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM
CONCLUSIONS
The use of CFD software tools helps to:
– Detailed analysis of the ventilation systems designs, before the installations aremade.
– It makes possible to see the consequences, of any modification in the ventilationssystems.
– Finding the locations with potential risk and worse ventilation.
– Design optimization to reach PUE improvement.
– Extraordinary scenario modelling and anticipate the measures needed to minimizethe impact.
– Complex geometry modelization, that other softwares can not analyze.
– Prevent big economic losses, because the correct ventilation system designs is notcorrectly done.
ANALISIS-DSC DATA CENTER’S REFERENCES
DC BARCELONA / CONFIDENTIAL
| Modeling "cold plenum" to ensure a gooddistribution of currents.
DC ALCALÁ HERANES/ TELEFÓNICA
| Modeling of the entire project.| Data rooms.| Auxiliary generators rooms.| Interaction of equipment outside (interferencebetween chillers, diesel exhaust fumes, etc.).| Analysis in critical situations.| TIER IV, LEED GOLD.
CONTACT
www.analisis-dsc.com
+34 914 614 071/ +34 914 284 802.
ANALISIS-DSCC/ Nuestra Señora de la Luz, 21.28025 Madrid
If You wish to have more information about our services, do not hesitate to
contact us. We can arrange a meeting or phone call: