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Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre

Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

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Page 1: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre

Page 2: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

CONTENT

• Company: ANALISIS-DSC.

• What can we offer?.

• Application of CFD on Data Center Ventilation.

• Uptime classification.

• Case study: Analysis and Optimization ofventilation in a Data Center.

• Conclusions.

• References in the sector.

• Contact.

Page 3: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

ANALISIS-DSC is an engineering services company, we are specialized in:

Discrete Elements Analysis

Computational Fluid Dynamics

(CFD)

Finite Elements Analysis (FEA)

ANALISIS-DSC

Page 4: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

SERVICES

• Design optimization.

• Industrial processes optimization.

• Energetic efficiency Analysis.

• Contingencies Analysis.

• Equipment damages Analysis.

RESULTS

• Cost Savings.

• Quality improvement.

• Increasing production.

• Raising profits.

• Risks reduction.

ANALISIS-DSC

Page 5: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

APPLICATION OF CFD ON DATA CENTER VENTILATION

CFD: COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS How can it help?

PUE calculus (Power Usage Effectiveness)

Modeling of extraordinary

situations (disconnect air

treatment units, etc.)

Modeling of

lay-out modifications

It is possible to a no conventional

patterns

CFD is used in cleaning

rooms and other HVAC

(Heating, Ventilation

and Air Conditioning)

special applications

CFD is recommended in these cases.

Page 6: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

DATA CENTERS: GENERAL VISION

The “occupants” are software applications.

The load is variable and transient: newsoftware installation can be done quickly.

Hardware updates is frecuently done.

Power and refrigeration installation isupdated less frequently.

The load power/refrigeration density, is atleast 10 times the density of a office building.

The standard of the Telecommunicationsindustry association (TIA-942), establishes theventilation requisites.

Equipment damage

limit.Disconnection

Operational limit

Equipment performance and

consumption management

Functional limit

HVAC/PUE system

optimization

Tem

per

atu

rein

IT

Equ

ipm

ents

Page 7: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

UPTIME CLASSIFICATION

• Non redundant.

• One feeding way with 99.671% availability.

TIER I

• TIER I, with redundant availability.

• 99.741% availability.

TIER II

• TIER I+TIER II.

• Double feeding ways.

• 99.982% availability.

TIER III

• I+II+III.

• Double feeding ways.

• HVAC systems assured.

• 99.995% availability.

TIER IV

Page 8: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

In the present case study we candistinguish the following steps:1) Initial design analysis.2) Identifying the present problems with aCFD analysis.3) Proposals to solve the existingproblems.4) CFD analysis to verify if the proposalssatisfy an optimal design.

Initial Design

Modified Design

Objective accomplished?

Final DesignCFD analysis with other

design options

Yes

CFD

No

STUDY CASE

Page 9: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

CPD

• 30 m X 15 m surface area.

• Driven ventilation air from the raisedfloor, and return through the roof.

• 5 cold corridors + 1 room.

IT

• 191 Racks.

• 8.45 kW heat per Rack.

• Maximum Temperature 23ºC.

HVAC

• 4 air treatment units.

• 405 kW per machine.

STUDY CASE

Page 10: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

Ducts the Air Handling Units

(AHU)

Separate room

Racks

Ducts to technical floor

Hot air extraction

Grilles

INITIAL DESIGN

Page 11: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

Identification of grilles on the first CFD model of Data Center:Drive grids.Extraction grilles.Outlet false ceiling (Entrance to machines).Drive ducts to false floor.

INITIAL DESIGN

Page 12: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

This image shows that the temperatures at 1 m height in the coldcorridors are acceptable.

Page 13: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

In this image it is observed that the upper racks (at 2.3 m height) are getting air withtemperature higher than 25ºC this means, a design modification is required.

Page 14: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

In this image it is observed that the temperatures in the corridor ends is higher than desired.This requires the application of corrective measures.

Page 15: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

It is possible to carry out a very detailed zone analysis, in this present case we willanalyze the separate room. There are 4 racks equivalent power installed equipment.

Page 16: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

As the isosurface shows, the area close to the racks reach 25°C.

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

Page 17: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

It is possible to make a very precise analysis of the air jets, measuring velocities andpressures in the plenum and ventilation ducts.

INITIAL DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

Page 18: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

INITIAL DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM

The velocity distribution in the hallways shows the still areas.Then, it is possible to know which racks would have greater ventilation problems.

Page 19: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

Optimized design: • An homogeneous distribution of the flows is sought.• Avoid mixing of hot air in the cold corridors.

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: MEASURES

Page 20: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

We can see that the temperatures reached in the cold corridors have improved to aheight of 1 m.

Page 21: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

The problem of poor temperature distribution is eliminated, having 100% of the coldcorridors to 20ºC.

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

Page 22: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

Here, we can see that the critical zones do not receive hot air.

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

Page 23: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

The air flow through the new vents is more uniform and the pressure loss is reduced.

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: TEMPERATURES IN ROOM

Page 24: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM

With the new design, the velocities of the air jets are smaller.

Page 25: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

In this view, we can see how the ventilation return is running (improved velocity distribution).

OPTIMIZED DESIGN: VELOCITIES IN ROOM

Page 26: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

CONCLUSIONS

The use of CFD software tools helps to:

– Detailed analysis of the ventilation systems designs, before the installations aremade.

– It makes possible to see the consequences, of any modification in the ventilationssystems.

– Finding the locations with potential risk and worse ventilation.

– Design optimization to reach PUE improvement.

– Extraordinary scenario modelling and anticipate the measures needed to minimizethe impact.

– Complex geometry modelization, that other softwares can not analyze.

– Prevent big economic losses, because the correct ventilation system designs is notcorrectly done.

Page 27: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

ANALISIS-DSC DATA CENTER’S REFERENCES

DC BARCELONA / CONFIDENTIAL

| Modeling "cold plenum" to ensure a gooddistribution of currents.

DC ALCALÁ HERANES/ TELEFÓNICA

| Modeling of the entire project.| Data rooms.| Auxiliary generators rooms.| Interaction of equipment outside (interferencebetween chillers, diesel exhaust fumes, etc.).| Analysis in critical situations.| TIER IV, LEED GOLD.

Page 28: Thermo hydraulic CFD Ventilation Modeling in a Data Centre...industry association (TIA-942), establishes the ventilation requisites. Equipment damage limit. Disconnection Operational

CONTACT

www.analisis-dsc.com

[email protected]

+34 914 614 071/ +34 914 284 802.

ANALISIS-DSCC/ Nuestra Señora de la Luz, 21.28025 Madrid

If You wish to have more information about our services, do not hesitate to

contact us. We can arrange a meeting or phone call: