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Thermal Mass Flow Meters Market and applications

Thermal Mass Flow Meters

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Thermal Mass Flow Meters. Market and applications. Geographic Sales. 12%. 23%. 34%. 10%. 6%. 3%. 10%. 3%. Competition. Competition. Industry. Applications. Pipe Size. TYPE. Location. Technology. Sage Metering Sales Representative Sales. Applications. Green House Gases - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Market and applications

Page 2: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Geographic Sales

34% 23% 12%

3%6%10%

10%

3%

Page 3: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Competition

Page 4: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Competition

Page 5: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Industry

Page 6: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Applications

Page 7: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Pipe Size

Page 8: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

TYPE

Technology

Location

Page 9: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Sage Metering SalesRepresentative Sales

Page 10: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Applications Green House Gases Natural Gas Combustion Air Compressed Air Flare Digester gas/Bio gas/Landfill gas

Page 11: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Green House Gases 40 CFR 98

– Mandatory reporting of Green House Gas EmissionsCO2, CH4, N2O

– Subpart C – Stationary Combustion sources– Other subparts are Industry specific

Natural Gas IndustryLandfill operationsChemical PlantsRefineriesMore

Carbon Credits

Page 12: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Natural Gas Flows Boilers/Combustion Process

– Reporting GHG (EPA requirements)– Reporting Emissions (Local requirements)– Combustion efficiency– Typical Conditions

2 – 3 inch pipe Temperatures 60 – 80F Pressures max 5 psig Flow rates:

– 2” = 10,000 SCFH– 3” = 20,000 SCFH (6,000 SFPM)

– Burner Size 20 MM BTU/hr

Page 13: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Natural Gas Flow Sub-metering

– Internal cost allocation within a facility– Typical Conditions:

Pipe Size 6” Pressure – 20 psi Flow rate = 250,000 SCFH (20,000 SFPM)

Page 14: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Natural Gas Flow “Check” meter

– Gas Company distribution center– Repeatable, relative flow measurements– Check relative time of day flow in different distribution sections– Typical operating Conditions

18” pipe 80 – 100 psig Flow Rate 65,000 SCFM (40,000 SFPM)

Page 15: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Natural Gas Flow Avoid

– Transmission LinesPressure too high = 500 to 2,000 psi

– Custody TransferNot AGA approvedProvide entire meter run

Page 16: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

ISO 50001

Energy Management Systems Reduce Energy Usage

– Continually review and monitor energy usage– Goal of improve energy performance

Program supported by US Department of Energy (DOE)

Opportunities for Sage:– Improvement in combustion efficiency

Natural gas – Compressed air measurement to reduce leakage

Page 17: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Stoichiometric CombustionTheoretical combustion of all the fuel when mixed with the correct amount of air

Fuel + air = Heat + CO2 + H2O + CO + Unburned Fuel + Waste Heat up stack

Does not occur in reality – some excess air is neededo Control Air Fuel Ratios

o Ratio based on the mass of fuel compared to the mass of air

Increases as Combustion

Air Decreases

Increases as Combustion

Air Decreases

Page 18: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Stoichiometric Combustion Optimum ratio of combustion air to fuel flow

– Does not existSome excess air is required

– Want to minimize excess air– Amount of excess air dependent on boiler load

Proper Air to fuel control requires mass flow measurement of air and fuel flow rates.

Page 19: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Combustion Air DP flow measurement typically used

– Flow element:Averaging pitot tubePressure drop around an obstruction in

the ductVenturi

Page 20: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

DP - Combustion Air Flow Limitations:• Require pressure and temperature

compensation to get mass flow• Loss of signal at low flow rates

Typical velocity in duct gives 1” w.g. pressure drop.

• Square root relationship between flow and signal

Limits turndown Advantages:– “Sample” multiple points or

“entire” flow

Page 21: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Thermal – Combustion Air Flow Advantages:

– Measures mass flow without pressure or temperature compensation

Desired for combustion air to fuel ratio– Excellent low flow sensitivity– High turndown capabilities

Disadvantages:– Single point measurement

How representative is flow measurement Multi point averaging arrays

– Accuracy limitations due to straight run/flow profile However, repeatability is required

Page 22: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Combustion Air - Conclusion Suitable for “small”

ducts

Not suitable for “large” ducts

Page 23: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Compressed Air DOE estimates 30% compressed air produced

is lost due to leakage– ¼” leak at 100 psi = 100 CFM

$8,000 - $20,000 per year Cost Allocation Compressor efficiency

Page 24: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Flare/Vent Varying gas composition

Natural Gas

Tank venting (Gas Production)

Process Operations (CPI/HPI)

– Refineries40 CFR part 60, subpart Ja (modified August 2012)

– Emissions on non-emergency flares

Page 25: Thermal Mass Flow Meters

Sage Selling Points Compact enclosure

– Prime - Smaller enclosure than other suppliers Insitu calibration verification Calibration on actual gas

– Ability to provide adjustment factors for varying gas composition

– Competitive calibration prices– Good delivery

Flow conditioner Great organization – good people to work with