Unit 10 Urinary and Reproductive System Note Outline

The Urinary System17.1 IntroductionObjectives:

Understand that all living organisms, including humans, have a metabolism and create wastes that need to be disposed of.

Know the 4 functions of the Urinary System. Know the organs and important structures associated with the urinary system.

Notes: One of the characteristics of living things is that they have a _____________. This means that they

undergo a series of __________ _______________ that break down (___________) and build up (___________) molecules. An unfortunate side effect of metabolism is the creation of WASTE; chemical compounds that are dangerous to the body in large amounts.

Examples of wastes your body creates and the systems responsible for removing them.

Waste Created by Delivery System Excretory Organ

The function of the urinary system is to: Color and label the diagram below

Create and excrete _____________ Maintains _____________and _____________ balance Regulates _______ and _____________ Controls red blood cell _____________ and _____________

Organs of the Urinary System

Organ Function

Other Important Structures

Unit 10 Urinary and Reproductive System Note Outline17.2Objectives

Know the structures that make up a Kidney. Know the structures and location of the Nephron within the kidney.

A _____________ is a reddish-brown, bean-shaped organ with a smooth surface. Kidneys are _____________ which means they are behind or outside of the parietal peritoneum. They can be located between the T12 and L3 vertebrae.

Kidneys are surrounded by a _____________. A cross cut section of a Kidney shows two layers. The _____________the outer layer and the _____________is the inner layer. The _____________is a cavity that is filled by the _____________.

The Renal Pelvis branches off into _____________ (singular _____________) which further branch into _____________ _____________. The Renal medulla is composed of _____________ _____________which are separated by _____________ _____________. Renal pyramids deposit URINE into the Renal Calyces at a location known as the _____________ _____________.

The _____________ _____________Supplies the Kidney with blood that needs to be _____________. The _____________ _____________returns the _____________ blood back to the heart. The _____________ delivers the _____________ (a liquid that has passed through a filter) down to the _____________ Only __ of blood is filtered at a time. This is called the _____________ _____________. # Color Structure

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Unit 10 Urinary and Reproductive System Note OutlineA NEPHRON is considered the structural and functional _____________of the Kidney. There are about _____________nephrons in each kidney.

Function:The primary function of the Nephron is to _____________ waste from arterial blood using _____________ and _____________ _____________. Nephrons determine how much _____________, _____________ and other _____________will be taken out of the blood. This allows them to _____________ water and electrolyte levels as well as regulate the _____________ of the blood that is returned to the heart. This control of Blood Volume allows Kidneys to determine the _____________ _____________of an organism.

Structure: Nephrons can be broken down into two parts: The Renal Corpuscle and the Renal Tubule.

The _____________ _____________ is composed of the _____________ _____________ _____________, the _____________ _____________ and the _____________ _____________ _____________. Inside of the Glomerular Capsule is a tangled cluster of blood capillaries called a _____________.

The _____________ _____________ is composed of the _____________ _____________ and the _____________ _____________. These two limbs are known as the _____________ _____________ or the _____________ _____ ____________.

All Nephrons have their ______________ ______________within the ______________ ______________ of the Kidney, while the ______________ ______________ is located in the ______________ ______________.

Unit 10 Urinary and Reproductive System Note Outline17.3Objectives

Students can explain which processes form urine. Students can describe normal urine composition. Students can determine causes of abnormal urine composition.

Urine formation is formed through _________ process: Glomerular Filtration, Tubular Reabsorption and Tubular Secretion

The ___________ process of Urine formation is ___________ ___________. Inside your blood is a solution called ______________. Plasma contains: ______________, such as ______ (NaCl), __________and __________ Ions, _________, ______________, _______, and ______________. Not all of these things should be excreted as waste.

The ______________ process of Urine Formation is ______________ ______________. As the Plasma travels through the ______________, certain amounts of substances such as ______________, ______________ and ______________ are reabsorbed back into the blood and intercellular fluid.

The ______________ process of Urine formation is ______________ ______________. This is where extra waste products such as ______________ ions and ______________ are removed.

The final product of these three processes is ______________.

Urine is a solution that is about ___ ___________. The other 5% contains ______________, ______________and trace amounts of _______ _______ and ______________. Urea is a by-product of _______ _______ ______________ whereas Uric acid is a by-product of _______ _______. Increasing the amount of protein in your diet will increase the amount of UREA in your urine.

The ______________of urine produced can vary depending on your _____, ______________ and _______ _______. Daily production is between ______________. Normal urine output per hour is ______________. An output of less than ______________ per hour may indicate ______________ ______________ .

Urine can be used as a diagnostic tool by health professionals. Macroscopic analysis includes looking at the ______________, ______________ and ______________ of the Urine. Microscopic analysis can measure ______________, ______________, ______________, ______________, ______________ ______________, and ______________. Traces of ______________ can also be found in urine.