THE UNIVERSITY OF BURDWAN SYLLABUS M.Sc · PDF file*MBC = M.Sc Biochemistry; all general papers ... Marks distribution in each unit-1 question of 10 marks ... enzymes as targets of

THE UNIVERSITY OF BURDWAN

SYLLABUS

M.Sc BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER-I PAPER UNIT LECTURE

HOURS EXAM

HOURSSUBJECT FULL

MARKS THEORETICAL

MBC* 101 I+II 50 2 Chemistry of Biomolecules

45

MBC 102 I+II 50 2 Cell Biology

45

MBC 103 I+II 50 2 Enzymology

45

MBC 104 I+II 50 2 Intermediary Metabolism

45

Internal Assessment** 4x5 = 20 PRACTICAL#

MBC 105 5 General Biochemical Methods

50

MBC 106 5 Methods of Enzymology and Cellular Biochemistry

50

Total of Semester I (Theoretical + Practical + Internal Assessment) = 300 marks

SEMESTER – II

THEORETICAL MBC 201 I+II 50 2 Chemical Principles

45

MBC 202 I+II 50 2 Molecular Biology

45

MBC 203 I+II 50 2 Plant Biochemistry

45

MBC 204 I+II 50 2 Microbiology

45


MBC 205 5 Molecular Biology

50

MBC 206 5 Microbiology

50

Total of Semester II (Theoretical + Practical + Internal Assessment) = 300 marks

SEMESTER – III

PAPER UNIT LECTURE HOURS

EXAM HOURS

SUBJECT FULL MARKS

THEORETICAL MBC 301 I+II 50 2 Genetics

45

MBC 302 I+II 50 2 Immunology

45

MBC 303 I+II 50 2 Biophysical and Biochemical Technique

45

MBC 304 I+II 50 2 Medical Biochemistry

45


MBC 305 5 Immunology and Biophysical Method

50

MBC 306 5 Medical Biochemistry

50

Total of Semester III (Theoretical + Practical + Internal Assessment) = 300 marks

SEMESTER – IV

THEORETICAL

MBC 401 I+II 50 2 Human Physiology, Reproductive Biology and

Endocrinology

45

MBC 402 I+II 50 2 Nutritional Biochemistry

45

MBC 403 I+II 50 2 Biostatistics and Bioinformatics

45

MBC 404 I+II 50 2 Genetic Engineering 45 Internal Assessment** 4x5 = 20

PRACTICAL# MBC 405 5 Biostatistics and

Bioinformatics 50

MBC 406## Project/Review work/Term paper (Project/Review work/Term paper + Seminar +Viva)

50

Total of Semester IV (Theoretical + Practical + Internal Assessment) = 300 marks

*MBC = M.Sc Biochemistry; all general papers

** Each paper with 5 marks # Division of Marks : 05 sessional, 10 viva, 35 examination (except MBC-406)

## Division of Marks : 30 for work, 20 for seminar and viva Grand Total (Semester I to IV) – 1200 marks

PAPER : MBC 101 (Theory)

CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES

FULL MARKS : 50 (45 + 05*) TIME: 2 HOURS Paper consists of 2 units , each unit of 22½ marks. Marks distribution in each unit-1 question of 10 marks (out of 2), 2 questions of 4 marks (out of 4), 3 questions of 1 ½ marks (out of 5). Each unit to be answered in separate script.

Unit-I

1. Carbohydrate : Conformational analysis of monosaccharides and disaccharides (pentoses and hexoses); anomeric effect, reverse anomeric effect and their origin; mutarotation and abnormal mutarotation; structure of glycoprotein and peptidoglycans; polysaccharide chemistry; isolation, purification, properties; Smith and Barry degradations, biogenesis of carbohydrates 13 L 2. Amino acids : Essential and non-essential amino acids; dipolar ion, isoelectric point; ninhydrin reaction; synthesis and properties of essential amino acids; biochemical self-assembly. 6 L 3. Fats and Lipids : Classification, lipids in biological membrane; lipid-linked proteins, general structure and function of lipid. 6 L

Unit-II 4. Proteins : Classification (according to their composition, shapes or structures, functions and nutrition), peptide bond; Pauling’s denaturation; primary structure, C-terminal and N-terminal amino acid determinations; secondary, and quaternary structures, Ramachandran plot, helix-coil transition, factors responsible for stabilizing inter-action of secondary and tertiary structures, protein folding; determination of amino acid sequences in proteins; study of myoglobin and hemoglobin; chemical constituents of life; Merifield’s solid-state peptide synthesis 13 L 5. Nucleic acids : Classification, occurrence, nucleoside, nucleotides - structures of ribosyl and deoxyribosyl nucleotides, functions, stabilizing interaction in DNA structure; determination of nucleotide sequence in DNA, structural polymorphism of DNA and RNA, secondary and tertiary structure of tRNA, static and dynamic functions 12 L Suggested reading : Principle of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymocko and L.Stryer, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Willey and Sons Principles of Biochemistry- H.R.Horton, L.A.Moran and G.Scrimgeour, D.Perry, D.Rawn, Prent Hall Out lines of Biochemistry- E.E.Conn, P.K.Stumph, G.Bruening and R.H.Doi, John Willey and Sons Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry- R.K.Murray, D.K.Grannes and V.W.Rodwell, McGraw Hill Text Book of Biochemistry- D.M.Vasudevan and Seekumari, S, Jaypee pub. Instant notes of Biochemistry- B.D.Hames and N.M.Hooper, Viva Books Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds- D.Nasipuri, New Age International Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds- E.L.Elliel, Tata McGraw Hill pub *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


CELL BIOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Cell Wall : Electonmicroscopic structure; isolation of wall materials; biosynthesis of polymers, cell wall cellulose

biosynthesis, microfibril formation 4 L 2. Plasma membrane : Membrane architecture, glycoconjugates and proteins in membrane; Isolation of membranes;

asymmetry, dynamics of membrane fluidity, membrane assembly; transport mechanism through membrane – ion transport and Na+/K+ATPase 6 L

3. Endoplasmic reticulmn : Architecture, enzymes; RER-SER transition; hydroxylation system (oxidase system and

cytochrome P-450); sterol metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism; glycosylation 5 L 4. Golgi Complex : Architecture; assembly of macromolecules (carbohydrates) 3 L 5. Microbodies : Ultrastructure and composition; β-oxidation in mammals and endosperm of plant, glyoxylate cycle;

glycolate cycle 4 L 6. Lysosomes : Ultrastructure; fate and composition; role in tissue dynamics (metamorphosis, fertilization and

germination of seed); diseases. 3 L Unit-II

7. Mitochondria : Ultrastructure; organization of ETC, ATP synthetase, mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation

5 L 8. Chloroplast : Ultrastructure; pathways of photophosphorylation, mechanism of ATP formation, C3 and C4 pathway

5 L 9. Nucleus : Ultrastructure, envelope - ultrastructure, pore complex, nucleo - cytoplasmic interactions, structure and

organization of chromatin. 5 L 10. Cytoskeleton : Structural organization of microtubules, intermediate filaments and microfilaments. 4 L 11. Cell Signaling : Molecular basis of cell signaling, G-protein coupled receptors, second messenger, IP3 and DAG

pathway, RTK system 6 L Suggested reading : Molecular Cell Biology- Lodish, Berk, Matsudaira, Scott, Zipursky and Darnell, Freeman pub Cell and Molecular Biology- Gerald Karp, John Willey and Sons The Cell- A Molecular Approach, G.M.Cooper, R.E.Hausman, ASM Press Essential Cell Biology- Alberts, Bray, Hopkin, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Walter, Garland Science Cell and Molecular Biology- E.D.P.DeRobertis and E.M.F.DeRobertis, Williums & Wilkins Molecular Biology of the Cell- Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Walter, Garland Sc

*Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.

PAPER : MBC 103

(Theory)

ENZYMOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Introduction : Special characteristics of enzymes, cofactors, coenzymes, ribozyme; specificity of enzymes, nomenclature and classification 5 L 2. Assay of Enzyme Activity : Mechanim of action, active site, factors responsible for rate enhancement; serine residue of chymotripsin and trypsin; strategies to study of mechanism of enzyme action, mechanism of action of lysozyme, ribonuclease A and carboxypeptidase 6 L 3. Enzyme kinetics : Rate constant, order of reaction, molecularity, zero, first and second order reactions kinetics; uncatalyzed reactions, energy of activation; enzyme catalyzed reactions, Steady state concept, Importance of km and Vmax, turnover number, effect of PH , effect of temperature 8 L 4. Enzyme Inhibition : Irreversible, reversible, competitive, uncompetitive and non-competitive 6 L Unit-II 5. Regulation : Why and how? Covalent - irreversible covalent and reversible covalent; regulation of glycogen phosphorylase 8 L 6. Non Covalent Modifications : Allosteric regulation; Hill’s equation; the concerted model of Monod, Wyman, and Changuex, the sequential Model of Koshland, Nemeth and Filmer, allosteric regulation of aspartate transcarbamylase; mnemonical enzymes 9 L 7. Applications : Therapeutic, enzymes as targets of drugs, clinical importance, diagnostics immobilized enzymes; isozymes; abzymes 8 L

Suggested reading : Enzymology-Biochemistry,Biotechnology,Clinical Chemistry- T. Palmer, Affiliated East-West Pres Principle of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymocko and L.Stryer, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Willey and Sons



INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM


Unit-I

1. Bioenergetics : The laws of thermodynamics, concept of entropy and free energy; ATP synthesis and hydrolysis, high

energy bonds in biomolecules, oxidative phosphorylation, photophosphorylation and electron transport chain. 12 L

2. Carbohydrate metabolism, glycolysis : TCA cycle; Embden Meyerhoff pathway; glyoxylate cycle; glycogen biosynthesis, glycogenolysis; gluconeogenesis; pentose phosphate pathway and its regulation. 13 L

Unit-II 3. Amino acid metabolism, essential amino acid biosynthesis : Histidine, tryptophan, tyrosine, aspartic acid, methionine, regulation, concerted and sequential feed back; degradation of amino acid with reference to ketogenic, glucogenic and both types of amino acids, urea cycle; biosynthesis of heme, glutathione, polyamines and their significances 12 L 4. Lipid metabolism : Biosynthesis and catabolism of lipids, lipoproteins; regulation of lipid metabolism; lipid transport 7 L 5. Nucleotide biosynthesis : de- novo and salvage pathway and their regulation, abnormal synthesis and diseases. 6 L Suggested reading : Principle of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymocko and L.Stryer, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Willey and Sons Principles of Biochemistry- H.R.Horton, L.A.Moran and G.Scrimgeour, D.Perry, D.Rawn, Prent Hall Out lines of Biochemistry- E.E.Conn, P.K.Stumph, G.Bruening and R.H.Doi, John Willey and Sons Instant notes of Biochemistry- B.D.Hames and N.M.Hooper, Viva Books Thermodyanomics for Chemists- S.Glasstone, Affiliated East-West Press An Introduction to Thermodyanamics- Y.V.Rao, Universities Press Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry- R.K.Murray, D.K.Grannes and V.W.Rodwell, McGraw Hill *Internal Assessment- 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.

PAPER : MBC 105 (Practical)

GENERAL BIOCHEMICAL METHODS

FULL MARKS: 50 TIME: 5 HOURS (Marks distribution: 1 question of 20 marks, 1 question of 15 marks, Practical note book -5 marks and Viva voce-10 marks)

1. Separation of different types of proteins from plant and animal sources using solvent extraction 2. Determination of N- terminal and C- terminal amino acids of a known protein 3. Estimation of protein content by Biuret and Lowry methods 4. Estimation of sugar content by DNS method 5. Estimation of DNA by DPA method 6. Estimation of amino acid by ninhydrin method 7. Estimation of RNA by orcinol method

8. Separation of mixture of compounds by thin- layer chromatography, column chromatography and paper chromatography

9. Detection and identification of single pure organic liquid samples PAPER : MBC 106

(Practical)

METHODS OF ENZYMOLOGY AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY FULL MARKS: 50 TIME: 5 HOURS (Marks distribution: 1 question of 20 marks, 1 question of 15 marks, Practical note book -5 marks and Viva voce-10 marks)

1. Kinetic characteristics of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase : i) progress curve ii) pH and temperature optima iii) effect of mg ion and F- ion and

iv) Km and Vmax. 2. Assay of α-amylase by DNS method 3. Assay of lactate dehydrogenase 4. Purification of alkaline phosphatase from plant or animal sources 5. Effect of colchicine and gammaxane on mitosis in Allium cepa 6. Staining of Barr body from buccal epithelium 7. Subcellular fractionation of different intracellular organelles.

PAPER : MBC 201

(Theory)

CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES


Unit-I

1. Atomic structure and periodic properties : Wave particle duality, uncertainty principle, quantum mechanical model of hydrogen like species; modern form of periodic table, periodic properties; ionization energy, election affinity, electronegativity, atomic / ionic size, ionic potential 6 L

2. Structure and bonding : Ionic and covalent bonding, ionic solids, ionic radii, lattice energy (Born-Haber Cycle); M.O. and V.B. approaches for diatomic molecules, VSEPR theory and shapes of molecules, hybridizations, resonance, dipole moment, structure parameters such as bond length, bond angle and bond energy, hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals interactions 7 L

3. s-, p-, and d- Block Elements : Oxides, halides, hydrides and oxyacids of representative elements of alkali and alkaline earth metals, coordination complexes of transition elements; valence bond and crystal field theory, color, geometry and magnetic properties, applications of coordination molecules in different fields of chemistry and related disciplines 6 L

4. Chemical Equilibria : Colligative properties of solutions, ionic equilibria in solution, solubility product, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts, pH, buffer and their applications in chemical analysis, equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp and Kx) for homogeneous reactions 6 L

Unit-II 5. Electrochemistry : Conductance, Kohlrausch law, half cell potentials, emf, Nernst equation, galvanic cells, thermodynamic aspects and their applications 5 L

6. Reactive Intermediates and Organic Reactions Mechanisms : Classical and non-classical carbocations and carbanions, radicals, carbenes, arynes, nitrenes, -generation, stability, structure and reactions; SN1, SN2, E1 and E2 reactions, Hoffmann and Saytzeff rules, addition reactions, Markonikoff rule and Kharasch effect, Diels-Alder reaction, aromatic electrophilic substitution, orientation effect as exemplified by various functional groups, identification of functional groups by chemical tests, rearrangements 9 L

7. Structure-Reactivity Correlations : Acids and bases, electronic and steric effects, optical and geometrical isomerism, tautomerism, conformers, concept of aromaticity, thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, correlation diagram, Hammett equation, Taft equation 5L

8. Radiation and Tracer technique : Concept and methodology; tracer packet and its developments, application in interpretation of biochemical process; tracer technique in biology, radiation dosimetry, radiation dosimetry, radioactive isotope and half life of isotope, effect of isotope in biological system; autoradiography, Cerenkov radiation 6 L

Suggested reading : Concise Inorganic Chemistry- J.D.Lee, Blackwell Science Advanced Inorganic Chemistry- Cotton Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, mechanism and structure- Jerry March, John Wiley & Sons Organic Chemistry- R.T.Morrison and R.N.Boyd, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry- T.W.G.Solomons and C.B.Fryhle, John Wiley & Sons Physical Chemistry- P.C.Rakshit, Sarat Books Distributors Atkins’ Physical Chemistry- P. Atkins and J.D.Paula, Oxford University pub Elementary Physical Chemistry- S.R.Palit, Book Syndicate pub Instants Notes in Chemistry for Biologist- J.Fisher and J.R.P Arnold, Viva pub A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry- Peter Sykes, Pearsons pub *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


MOLECULAR BIOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Introduction : Abiotic origin of life, RNA world, central dogma of molecular biology, universality of DNA as the genetic material except in plant virus and retrovirus 5 L 2. Nucleic acid : Structure of DNA, A, B and Z DNA; structure of RNA and their function; chromatin structure, super helical DNA, enzymes changing the super helicity 5 L 3. Replication : Semiconservative replication, Messelson and Stahl experiment, bidirectional replication, enzymes involved in prokaryotic and eukaryotic replication, replication process in prokaryotes, replication inhibition 5 L 4. Transcription : Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, promoters, enhancer and transcription factors, transcription inhibition 5 L 5. Post transcriptional modifications : Processing of m RNA - splicing, 5’ capping and polyadenylation, rRNA and tRNA processing in prokaryotes and eukaryotes 5 L

Unit-II 6. Translation : Genetic code – nature and properties of genetic code, translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, factors involved, post translational modifications, signal sequences, inhibition by antibiotic 7 L 7. Gene expression : Operon - lactose, tryptophan and arabinose, catabolite repression, λ phage gene regulation, environmental regulation of gene expression 6 L 8. Recombination : Homologous and site specific recombination, transposable elements in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, Retroposons 6 L 9. Oncology : Oncogenesis , mode of action of different carcinogens, role of retrovirus, P53 gene and other tumor suppressor genes, protooncogenes, apoptosis 6 L Suggested reading : Molecular and Cell Biology-Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Roberts and Walter, Garland Sc Molecular Cell Biology- Lodish, Berk, Matsudaira, Scott, Zipursky and Darnell, Freeman pub Principles of Genetics- D.P.Snustad and M.J.Simmons, John Willey and Sons i- Genetics- P.J.Russel, Pearson-Benjamin Cumming Cell and Molecular Biology- Gerald Karp, John Willey and Sons Essential of Molecular Biology- D.Friefelder, Narosa pub Advanced Molecular Biology-Aconcise reference- R.M.Twyman, Viva The Cell- A Molecular Approach, G.M.Cooper, R.E.Hausman, ASM Press Molecular Plant Biology- P.M. Gilmartin and C.Bowler, Oxford University Freifelder’s Molecular Biology- G.M.Malacinski, Narosa Biochemistry and Molecular Biology- W.H.Elliot and Elliot, D.C.Elliot, Oxford University pub Genome- T.A. Brown, Garland Science Molecular Biology of the Gene- Watson, Baker, Bell, Gann, Levine, Losick, Pearson Education Genes VIII- B.Lewin, Prentice Hall Principles of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


PLANT BIOCHEMISTRY


Unit-I

1. Cytosolic Carbon Metabolism : Anabolism and catabolism, carbohydrate synthesis and degradation–central role of hexose phosphates; sucrose metabolism and its importance, synthesis and breakdown; starch synthesis and breakdown, glycolysis and its enzymes, pentose phosphate pathway and its enzymes; anaerobic respiration; entry of hexose phosphates into glycolysis 12L

2. Mitochondrial Metabolism : Carbon metabolism in mitochondrion- enzymes and reactions of TCA cycle, catabolic and anabolic role of TCA cycle – removal of TCA cycle intermediates for anabolic purpose and their replenishment through anaplerotic reactions; oxidation of mitochondrial NADH and synthesis of ATP (oxidative phosphorylation), cyanide resistant pathway (alternative oxidase pathway) 13 L

Unit-II

3. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism : Role of light - PS-I and PS-II reactions, formation of ATP (Photophosphorylation), reducing power characteristics of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RUBISCO) - activation, mechanism and regulation, Calvin cycle and C2 cycle (glycolate metabolism), carbon metabolism through C4 and CAM pathways, CO2 concentrating mechanism; chloroplast - cytosol interactions - transport of proteins into chloroplast; flux of carbon between chloroplast and cytosol 12 L

4. Nitrogen metabolism : Molecular biology of N metabolism , N2 fixation, NO3 reduction and NH4 assimilation;

outlines of biosynthesis of an aliphatic and an aromatic amino acid; protein biosynthesis and protein turnover 6 L

5. Plant Hormones : Outlines of biosynthesis of IAA, GA, zeatin , ethylene and ABA and their major developmental

role (cell division and growth, seed germination, dormancy, flowering (senescence and fruit ripening) 7 L Suggested reading : Plant Biochemistry- Hans, Walter, Heldt, Elsevier pub Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants- B.Buchanan, W.Gruissen and L.Johnes, IK Int Molecular Plant Biology – P.M.Gilmartin and C.Bowler, Oxford University Press Plant Physiology- W.G.Hopkins and P.AHuner, John Willey and Sons Plant Physiology- L.Teiz and E.Zeiger, Panima pub. Principle of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymocko and L.Stryer, Freeman and Co. Biochemistry- D.Voet and J.G.Voet, John Willey and Sons Principles of Biochemistry- Horton, Moran, Scrimgeour, Perry and Rawn, Prentice Hall *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


MICROBIOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Historical Perspective : Discovery of microbial world; landmark discoveries relevant to the field of microbiology 3 L

2. Methods in Microbiology : Pure culture techniques; theory and practice of sterilization; principles of microbial nutrition; enrichment culture techniques for isolation of microorganisms; light-, phase contrast-, fluorescence- and electron-microscopy 5 L

3. Microbial Taxonomy and Diversity : Bacteria, archaea and their broad classification; eukaryotic microbes - yeasts, molds and protozoa; viruses and their classification; molecular approaches to microbial taxonomy. 4 L

4. Prokaryotic Cell Structure: Prokaryotic cell, cell wall, cell membrane, mechanisms of solute transport across membrane, flagella and pili, capsule, cell inclusions like endospore and gas vesicle 5 L

5. Microbial Growth : Definition of growth, growth curve, mathematical expression of exponential growth phase, measurement of growth and growth yields, synchronous growth, continuous culture, effect of environmental factors on growth. 4 L

6. Control of Micro-organisms : Effect of physical and chemical agents; evaluation of effectiveness of antimicrobial agents 4 L

Unit-II 7. Microbial Metabolism : Entner-Doudoroff pathway; glyoxalate pathway; fermentation; aerobic and anaerobic

respiration; chemolithotrophy 3 L

8. Microbial Diseases and Host Pathogen Interaction : Normal microbiota; classification of infectious diseases; reservoirs of infection; nosocomial infection; emerging infectious diseases; mechanism of microbial pathogenicity; nonspecific defense of host; human diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic fungi 5 L

9. Chemotherapy/Antibiotics : General characteristics of antimicrobial drugs; antibiotics- classification, mode of action and resistance; antifungal and antiviral drugs 4 L

10. Microbial Genetics : Ames test for mutagenesis; bacterial genetic system - transformation, conjugation, transduction, plasmids, bacterial genome with special reference to E.coli; λ phage and its life cycle; RNA phages; RNA viruses, retroviruses; basic concept of microbial genomics 5 L

11. Microbial Ecology : Microbial interactions; carbon, sulphur and nitrogen cycles; soil microorganisms associated with vascular plants, microorganisms and water bacteriological techniques to detect coliform, MPN method, membrane filter method, IMVIC reaction 5 L

12. Biofermenter : General design and applications 3 L

Suggested reading :

Brock Biology of Microorganism- M.Madigan, J.M.Martinko and J.Parker, Prentice Hall Alkamo’s Fundamental of Microbiology- J.C.Ponnerville, Johnes and Barlet pub Microbiology- L.M.Prescott, J.P.Harley and D.A.Klein, McGraw Hill Microbiology- N.J.Pelczar, S.Chand, R.Krieg, Tata McGraw Hill General Microbiology- R.Y.Stanier, L.Ingraham, L.Wheelis and R.Penter, McMillan Press General Microbiology- H.G.Shclegel, Cambridge Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology- A.J.Salle, Tata Mcgraw Hill Microbiology- G.Black, John Willey and Sons Microbiology-A Introduction- G.J.Tortora and B.R.Funke, C.L.Case, Pearson An Introduction to Microbiology- P.Tauro, K.K.Kapoor, K.S.Yadav, New Age International Introduction to Microbiology- J.L.Ingraham and C.A.Ingraham, Thomsone pub Fermentation Microbiology and Biotechnology- E.Elmanisi and C.Bryce, Trailor and Francis Industrial Microbiology- Waits Principles of Fermentation- A.Whitaker, P.F.Standbury, S.J.Hall, Aditya Books Pub Industrial Microbiology- L.E.Casida, JR., New Age International Introduction to Modern Hydrology- J.Dimmock, A.J.Easton and K.N.Leppord, BlackWell pub Medical Microbiology- G.F.Brooks, J.S.Butel and S.A.Morse, McGraw Hill


PAPER : MBC 205 (Practical)

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY FULL MARKS: 50 TIME: 5 HOURS (Marks distribution: 1 question of 20 marks, 1 question of 15 marks, Practical note book -5 marks and Viva voce-10 marks)

1. Isolation of chromosomal DNA from E.coli and plants. 2. Characterization of isolated DNA by Agarose gel Electrophoresis. 3. SDS-PAGE of protein. 4. Isolation of plasmid DNA from E.coli. 5. Transformation of E.coli with plasmid. 6. Restriction digestion of plasmid DNA with E.coli. 7. UV induced mutagenesis in E. coli

PAPER : MBC 206

(Practical)

MICROBIOLOGY


1. Isolation of bacteria from soil and pure culture of bacteria in nutrient agar slant. 2. Simple staining and endospore staining of bacteria. 3. Physiological and biochemical test of bacteria – V.P test, amylolytic test, proteolytic test, catalase test, nitrate

reduction test. 4. Qualitative test of milk-methylene blue test, phosphate test. 5. Microbiological assay of antibiotics, tube dilution assay (min- inhibiting conc.) and agar cup assay, disk assay. 6. Microbiological examination of water presumptive test, confirmed test and completed test . 8. Isolation of bacteriophage from sewage.

PAPER: MBC 301 (Theory)

GENETICS


Unit-I

1. Mendelism : Chromosomal basis of inheritance – Mendelian concept, multiple alleles, gene interaction, linkage 5 L

2. Non Mendelian inheritance : Cytoplasmic inheritance and maternal effects (snail coiling and kappa particle inheritance), cytoplasmic male sterility 4L

3. Sex linked inheritance : X-linked, Y-linked and XY- linked inheritance 3 L

4. Sex determination : Genetic basis of sex determination and dosage compensation in Drosophila, C. elegans and human 4 L 5. Gene and its function : Modern concept, cistron, recon and muton; inborn error of metabolism; complementation

5 L 6. Gene Mapping : Bacteria, Neurospora, Drosophila, pedigree analysis in human 4 L

Unit-II

7. Chromosomal anomalies : Structural and numerical changes in chromosome 4 L 8. Mutation : Types; methods for detection (ClB and Muller- 5); molecular basis of mutation; DNA damage and repair

6 L 9. Human cytogenetics : Karyotype and nomenclature; chromosomal banding; genetic basis of diseases like down syndrome, Klienfelters syndrome, Turner’s syndrome, cry-du-chat syndrome, chronic myelogeneous leukemia, burkitts lymphoma and retinoblastoma 5 L

10. Population Genetics : Hardy - Weinberg theory; factors affecting Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium 4 L 11. Genomics : Present status – functional and structural genomics; concept of physical, cytological and genetic map;

chromosome walking; chromosome jumping; brief outline of human genome project 6 L Suggested reading : Principles of Genetics- D.P.Snustad and M.J.Simmons, John Willey and Sons i- Genetics, P.J.Russel- Pearson-Benjamin Cumming Genetics- M.W.Strickberger, Prentice Hall Concepts of Genetics- W.S.Klug and M.R.Cummins, Pearson pub Principles of Genetics- R.H.Tamarine, Tata McGraw Hill Principles of Genetics- E.W.Sinnot, L.C.Dunn, T.Dobzhansky, Tata McGrawl Hill pub Cell and Molecular Biology- E.D.P.DeRobertis and E.M.F.DeRobertis, Williums & Wilkins Instants Notes in Genetics- P.C.Winter, G.I.Hickey and M.L.Fletcher, Viva Books Genetics- T.A Brown *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


IMMUNOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Immunity and immune response : Cells and organs of the immune system, innate and acquired immunity; humoral and cell mediated immunity; primary and secondary immune response; antigen - properties 15 L 2. Antibody / Immunoglobulins : Basic structure of antibody, structure and function of different types of immunoglobulins; immunoglobulin genes, generation of antibody diversity; affinity maturation 10 L

Unit-II

3. Antigen recognition and Lymphocyte activation : T-cell receptor; MHC, antigen processing and presentation, complement system- components & activation; T-cell & B-cell maturation, activation and differentiation, effector mechanism of cell mediated of humoral immunity, grafting - autograft and allograft; autoimmunity 13 L 4. Cytokine : Types, properties and its role in immune system 3 L 5. Immunotechniques : ELISA, RIA, FACS, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis; hybridoma technology related to monoclonal antibody production 9 L Suggested reading : Cellular and Molecular Immunology- A.K.Abbas and A.H.Lichtman, Saunders pub Immunology- R.A.Goldsby, T.J.Kindt, B.A.Osborne, J.Kuby, W.H.Freeman and Co. Immunology- I.Roitt, J.Brostoff, D.Male, Mosby pub Instants Notes Immunology- P.M.Ladyard, A.Whelam and M.W.Fanger, Viva Books pub Immunology : A Short Course -Richard Coico, Eli Benjamini and Geoffrey Sunshine, Wiley-Liss *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.

http://www.bestwebbuys.com/Richard_Coico-author.html?isrc=b-compare-author

http://www.bestwebbuys.com/Eli_Benjamini-author.html?isrc=b-compare-author

http://www.bestwebbuys.com/Geoffrey_Sunshine-author.html?isrc=b-compare-author


BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES


Unit-I

1. Ultraviolet Spectroscopy : Principle, elucidation of stereochemistry, effects of solvents, applications in aromatic , heterocyclic and biological molecules 7 L 2. Infrared Spectroscopy : Concept of vibrational spectra, Identification of functional groups, simulation of bio-reactions , FTIR and its advantages 8 L 3. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy : Nuclear spin, NMR – active nuclei, principle, chemically equivalent and nonequivalent protons, chemical shifts and coupling constants, characteristics of 1H-NMR signals in simple biomolecules 10 L

Unit-II 4. Mass Spectrometry : Electron impact mass spectroscopy, low and high resolutions, molecular ion, fragment ions ( odd / even electron type ), factors affecting cleavage pattern, biological applications 7 L 5. Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry : Introduction, principle, methodology and biological application 5 L 6. Chromatography, Electrophoresis and Centrifugation : Introduction, principle and biological applications of column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, paper chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, gas liquid chromatography and molecular exclusion chromatography; electrophoresis and electrofocusing; ultracentrifugation. 13 L Suggested reading : Biophysical Chemistry- A.Upadhaya, K.Upadhaya and N.Nath, Himalaya Publishing House Physical Biochemistry- Applications to Biochemistry and Molecular Biology- D. Freifelder, Freeman Biophysical Chemistry- Debojyoti Das, Academic pub Biophysical Chemistry- R.N.Roy Practical Biochemistry-Principles and techniques- K. Wilson and J.Walker, Cambridge pub Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds- P.S. Kalsi Organic Spectroscopy- Willium Kemp Elementary Organic Compounds- Y.R.Sharma Application of Absorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds- J.R.Dyre, Prentice Hall *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY


Unit-I

1. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism : Hypo- and hyper-glycemia, various types of glucose tolerance tests; galactosemia 5 L 2. Lipids, Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins : Physiology of lipids and lipoproteins, lipidosis; clinical inter relationships of lipids like sphingolipidosis and multiplesclerosis; lipoproteins and apolipoproteins 11 L . 3. Diagnostic Enzymes : Principles of diagnostic enzymology; clinical significance of aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase 9 L

Unit-II

4. Disorders of Hormones and Minerals metabolism : Protein hormones - insulin and glucagon ; steroid hormone progesterone and progestrogen; calcium and phosphorous 9 L 5. Biochemical Aspects of Hematology : Haemoglobinopathies, thalassemias and anemias; blood clotting, homeostasis and thrombosis, extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of blood clotting 10 L 6. Detoxification mechanism in the body : Enzymes of detoxification, detoxification through cytochrome P450 6 L Suggested reading : A Text Book of Medical Biochemistry- M.N.Chatterjea and R.Shindea, Jaypee pub. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry- R.K.Murray, D.K.Grannes and V.W.Rodwell, McGraw Hill Lippincott’s Ellastrated Biochemistry- P.C.Champe, R.A.Hervey and D.R.Ferrier, Wolters Kluwerl Text Book of Medical Physiology- A.C.Guyton, J.E.Hall, Saunders pub Medical Physiology- W.F.Ganong, McGraw Hill pub Marks Basic Medical Biochemistry- M.A.Liberman and Allan Marks, Clinical Chemistry and in Diagnosis and Treatment- P.D.Mayne Text Book of Biochemistry- D.M.Vasudevan and Seekumari, S, Jaypee pub.


PAPER: MBC 305 (Practical)

IMMUNODIAGONSTIC AND BIOPHYSICAL METHODS


1. Immunization of animal with any antigen, isolation and purification of the antibody 2 Ag – Ab reactions – precipitation and agglutination 3. Verification of Lambert’s – Beer’s Laws by spectrophotometric method 4. Absorption spectra of Hb isolated from human blood. 5. Spectrophotometric analysis of DNA and RNA 6. Colorimetric determination of pK


MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY


1. Estimation of blood glucose, detection of serum- (i) urea, (ii) uric acid, (iii) creatine, (iv) creatinine and (v) bile

pigment 2. Blood grouping (ABO – Rh) 3. Determination of urine sample for the presence of (i) sugar, (ii) ketone bodies, (iii) protein 4. Estimation of Hb concentration, total W.B.C and R.B.C count in blood 9. Determination of lipid, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL, and triglycerides


HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY, ENDOCRINOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY


Unit-I

1. Digestive system : Basic structure and organization of digestive system; digestion, absorption and assimilation in the gastrointestinal tract 5 L 2. Respiratory system : Structure and function of trachea and lung; transport of O2 and CO2; lung surfactants

5 L 3. Cardiovascular system : Heart as a pump; lymphatic system; blood composition and function; cardiac cycle

4 L 4. Muscle : Types and structure; mechanism of muscle contraction 3 L 5. Nervous system : Organization of nervous system; development of action potential and nerve impulse, neurotransmitters and its action; major sense organ and receptors 8 L

Unit-II 6. Excretory system : Nephron; mechanism of urine formation (filtration); osmoregulation - acid-base balance and its regulation; composition of urine 6 L 7. Reproductive Biology : Gametogenesis - molecular events during fertilization, mechanisms of ovulation, fertilization and implantation; control of ovulation – role of hormones and drugs; activators and inhibitors of sperm function 10 L 8. Endocrine system : Hormones of anterior pituitary, thyroid and pancreas – chemical structure of hormones and

physiological roles; biosynthesis of thyroxine and sex steroids; role of cAMP 9 L

Suggested reading : Medical Physiology- A.C.Guyton, Medical Physiology- W.F.Ganong, McGraw Hill Principles of Anatomy and Physiology- G.J.Tortora, B.Derickson, John Wiley and Sons pub Human Physiology- Dr.C.C. Chatterjee, Medical Allied Agency *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY


Unit-I

1. Basic concepts : Energy content and thermogenic effect of foods; measurement of energy expenditure; direct and

indirect calorimetry; definition of BMR and SDA and their affecting factors 5 L

2. Carbohydrates : Dietary requirements and sources of natural carbohydrates; physiological action of carbohydrates (dietary fibre) 6 L

3. Proteins : Protein reserves of human body; nitrogen balance studies and factors influencing nitrogen balance; essential amino acids and concepts of protein quality; cereal proteins and their limiting amino acids; protein requirement at different stages of development 7 L

4. Lipids : Major class of dietary lipids; properties and composition of plasma lipoproteins and conjugated lipids;

dietary needs of lipids; essential fatty acids and their physiological functions 7 L

Unit-II

5. Electrolytes and water balance : Electrolyte concentrations of body fluids; concept of acidosis and alkalosis 5 L

6. Minerals : Nutritional significance of dietary calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, iodine, zinc and copper; trace

elements (selenium, cobalt and molybdenum) nutrition 8 L 7. Vitamin : Dietary sources, biochemical functions and specific deficiency diseases 6 L 8. Nutritional requirements : Nutritional requirements during pregnancy and lactation of infants and children

6 L

Suggested reading : Nutritional Biochemistry- Tom Brody A Text Book of Medical Biochemistry- M.N.Chatterjea and R.Shindea, Jaypee pub. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry- R.K.Murray, D.K.Grannes and V.W.Rodwell, McGraw Hill

Lippincott’s Ellastrated Biochemistry- P.C.Champe, R.A.Hervey and D.R.Ferrier, Wolters Kluwerl Medical Physiology- A.C.Guyton and J. E. Hall, Saunders pub. Human Physiology- C. C. Chatterjee, Medical Allied Agency Nutritional Biochemistry- Swaminathan *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


BIOSTATISTICS AND BIOINFORMATICS


Unit-I

1. Descriptive statistics : Population, variables, collection, tabulation and graphical representation of data; coefficient of variation, standard deviation and standard error; frequency distribution, measures of central tendency; measures of dispersion; skewness 9 L 2. Concept of dependency among two variables : Concept of correlation and regression; methods of least squares 3 L 3. Theoretical distributions : Binomial, Poisson and Gaussian 6 L 4. Sampling theory and test of significance : Systematic and random sampling, chi-square test, student-t test, ANOVA

–one way 7 L

Unit-II 5. C language : Basic idea, application of ‘C’ language in sequence analysis; array, string functions 12 L 6. Sequence alignment : Idea about the algorithms used in BLAST and FASTA; concept of multiple sequence alignment 4 L 7. Phylogenetic analysis: Different Methods and its importance 5 L 8. Database : Genome databases, protein databases, other secondary databases. 4 L

Suggested reading : Statistical Methods- N.G.Das, Tata McGraw Hill pub Biostatistics- How it works- S.Selvin, Pearson pub Basic Statistics- A.M.Gun, M.K.Gupta, B.Dasgupta, World Press pub Probability and Statistics- K.K.Mukherjee, New Central Book Agency pub Biostatistical Analysis- Jerrold H. Zar, Pearson pub Introduction to Biostatistics- P.K.Banerjee Bioinformatics- S.C.Rastogi, N.Mendiratta and P.Rastogi, Prentice Hall Bioinformatics- T.K.Attwood and D.J.Parissmith, Pearson Education Bioinformatics Computing- B.Bergeron, Pearson pub Bioinformatics- David W Mount, CBS pub



GENETIC ENGINEERING


Unit-I

1. Fundamentals of the Molecular manipulation of DNA : Various tools and techniques 3 L 2. Molecular cloning of DNA : Enzymes involved – DNA ligases, topoisomerases, gyrases, methylases, nucleases;

restriction endonuclease and restriction modification system; general overview of host and vectors; cloning based on plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, M-13, phagemid, BAC, YAC, shuttle vectors, expression vector 12 L

3. Transgenesis : Different methods of transformation -chemical method, eletroporation, microinjection and gene gun; Agrobacterium mediated transformation; transgenic plants (disease resistance, protein production, herbicide resistance); animals as bioreactors 10 L

Unit-II

4. Techniques involved in Recombinant DNA technology : Protein and nucleic acid blotting - southern, northern and western; construction of libraries - genomic and cDNA, screening; DNA sequencing; genetic fingerprinting; gel retardation and DNA foot printing; PCR, RT-PCR and Q-PCR; site directed mutagenesis and protein engineering; FISH; gene knockout technique; DNA microarray 10 L

5. Gene therapy : General principles; methods for gene targeting; gene therapy in cystic fibrosis, DMD and SCID;

RNAi as a tool of gene therapy 5 L 6. Stem cell therapy : Basic concept of stem cell therapy 3 L 7. Process technology : Production of recombinant therapeutic proteins e.g. insulin, erythropoietin, factor VIII and IX;

Hepatitis and surface antigen; production of amino acids, alcohol and vinegar by fermentation. 7 L

Suggested reading : Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics- S.Pimerose and R.Twyman, BlackWell pub Recombinant DNA- J.D.Watson, M.Gilman, J.Witkeski and M.Zoller, Scientific American From Genes to Clones- E.L.Winnacker, Panima pub Molecular Biotech. and Principles and Appl. of Recomb. DNA- Glick and Pasternik, ASM Press Gene Cloning, T.A.Brown- Stanley Thrones pub Principle of Biochemistry- D.L.Nelson and M.M.Cox, Freeman and Co. Recombinant DNA and Biotechnology- H.Kreuzer and A.Massey, ASM Press Essential Genetics-A Genomics Perspective- L.Hartland W.Jones, Jones and Bartlet pub Genome Mapping and Sequencing-I.Dunham, Harizon Scientific press *Internal Assessment - 5 marks Mid-semester tests shall be conducted during the Semester period on the topics of this paper. The mark obtained will be considered for the final award of marks.


BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES, BIOSTATISTICS AND BIOINFORMATICS FULL MARKS: 50 TIME: 5 HOURS (Marks distribution: 1 question of 20 marks, 1 question of 15 marks, Practical note book -5 marks and Viva voce-10 marks) 1.Quantitative estimation of blood alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase 2. Extraction and estimation of ascorbic acid 3. DNA amplification using PCR method 4. Cloning of prokaryotic DNA using a suitable vector 5. Chi square test, Z test and ANOVA 6 Compare the nucleotide sequences using BLAST N 7. Compare the amino acid sequence of a protein with the sequence present in protein database using BLAST P

MBC 406

PROJECT / REVIEW WORK / TERM PAPER

FULL MARKS: 50

Marks distribution : Project / Review Work / Term Paper 30 marks + Seminar and Viva 20 marks

Documents

THE UNIVERSITY OF BURDWAN SYLLABUS M.Sc · PDF file*MBC = M.Sc Biochemistry; all general papers ... Marks distribution in each unit-1 question of 10 marks ... enzymes as targets of