The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    1/17

    American Philological Association

    The Tradition of Stephanus ByzantiusAuthor(s): Aubrey DillerSource: Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. 69 (1938),pp. 333-348Published by: The Johns Hopkins University PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/283183 .

    Accessed: 15/02/2011 10:54

    Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless

    you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you

    may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.

    Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at .http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=jhup. .

    Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed

    page of such transmission.

    JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of

    content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms

    of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

    American Philological Association and The Johns Hopkins University Press are collaborating with JSTOR to

    digitize, preserve and extend access to Transactions and Proceedings of the American PhilologicalAssociation.

    http://www.jstor.org

    http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=jhuphttp://www.jstor.org/stable/283183?origin=JSTOR-pdfhttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=jhuphttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=jhuphttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/stable/283183?origin=JSTOR-pdfhttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=jhup
  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    2/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius

    XV.-The Tradition of Stephanus ByzantiusAUBREY DILLERINDIANA UNIVERSITY

    Stephanus "of Byzantium ", the author of the Ethnica, wasa professor in the Court Schools of Constantinople underJustinian about 535 A.D.1 It was the time and place whereancient Greek literature found its last refuge for weatheringthe Dark Ages. The huge uncial codices of the Court Schoolsmust often have been the very ones that were salvaged threecenturies later by Photius and his disciples and became thearchetypes of our extant manuscripts. Many of the strangesurvivals of ancient literature were determined by the chancesof selection in early Constantinople. Thus two of Stephanus'favorite sources, Strabo and Pausanias, were deservedly ig-nored by classical antiquity and probably have been preservedonly because the Court Schools happened to have copies ofthem. Stephanus himself is not of a quality to warrant pre-servation by intrinsic merit and presumably would not havesurvived but for the fact that he was right on the bridgebetween post-classical and mediaeval learning.The Ethnica have never been widely used. An epitome ofthe work was made by one Hermolaus, perhaps a junior col-league of Stephanus himself.2 They are cited by Georgius

    1 Codex Coislin. 228 (see below): ZTre&VoV 'ypa1A/AartKoV KUvTorravTrwovr6\Xeos;Steph. Byz. p. 93.1f Meineke: Ebyivos 6 7rp6 Ji,Pv TaS iv r faaCXiStL XoX&as5&aKoarOaas. On Stephanus see E. Honigmann, in Real-Encycl. III.A.2 (1929),2369 ff; on the Court Schools, Fritz Schemmel, Die Hochschule von Konstanti-nopelvom V. bis IX. Jahrhundert(Progr. Berlin, 1912); Fr. Fuchs, "Die hiherenSchulen von Konstantinopel im Mittelalter," Byz. ArchivvmII(1926); L. Br6hier,"Notes sur l'histoire de l'enseignement superieur a Constantinople," ByzantionIII (1926), 73-94, iv (1927-28), 13-28.2 Suidas E 3048: 'Ep/A6Xaos ypa1u.Lar&KbscovPrTavrivov-r6Xeos ypp&^as TrivT7ro7iJpiv TCrp 'eOYLKPV 2Sre0&1.OV -ypajLIyarLKoiO, rpocfwvrlieUlaav 'IovoLrtvLaYC rT/taaLXeL. This notice probably came from Hesychius Onomatologus and wouldthus date Hermolaus back in the 6th cent. The dedication to Justinian mightbelong equally to the epitome or the original work.

    333

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    3/17

    Aubrey DillerChoeroboscus (6th cent.),3 Constantine Porphyrogennetus (10thcent.),4 and Tzetzes (12th cent.); 5 and they were used heavilyby Eustathius and the Etymologi in the twelfth century.These seem to be the only references to them before the endof the fifteenth century, when a single surviving copy cameto light, the archetype of the extant MSS. (see below). Thiscopy contained only an epitome (perhaps not Hermolaus'),and that is almost all we have today. The original work,however, is represented by a unique fragment preserved incodex Coislin. 228 in Paris.6 This volume is composite, con-taining pieces from many manuscripts of various ages. Folios116-122 (119 bis is a mutilated stub) are a quaternion ofparchment from a twelfth century codex that contained theunabridged text of Stephanus' Ethnica. The fragment givesthe end of Delta and the beginning of Epsilon, with a title forthe latter: 2readvov ypaClLarTLKoovaTravrLvov7r6Xews,repi7ro6Xeov7awov r KacEOvWv77tCOVr KaLro7rwv, aI6o/IcovwulasrvTv Kat t?erovO-

    3 Georgius Choeroboscus, Onomaticum, 305.4 Hilgard: rabTr]s rijS 566s k rir2Tr

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    4/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius,/aaLas, KalrT7v vrevOev apryyuevYwvOvLKWvrKal ro7rLKWVaLKKT7TLKjCKV6vodaTrwv. The full work, or at least a fuller form than ours,was used by Const. Porphyrogennetus. The citation byTzetzes also can scarcely depend on our epitome, which is en-titled merelyEKT'V EOvLK^v r roTrLKwjVreaCvou.Eustathius and the Etymologi, on the other hand, usedessentially the same epitome that we have. Eustathius citesthe GOvLKa r the &ovLKoypa&4oS frequently in his commentarieson Homer and Dionysius Periegetes. It was long supposedthat he had a fuller form of the work, but Knauss in 1910showed that this was not the case.7 The fVLKLA are also citedin certain scholia or interpolations in Suidas 8 that go backto Eustathius. For they are found in an original form incodex Marcianus 448 in Venice, which contains SuidasinEustathius' own hand.9 This large paper codex was orig-inally in two volumes, according to the primary signaturesof the quires. Folios 216-223, a quaternion first signed a,later K0, contain Suidas Na'&a . . . 'Oav with marginalia citing6 eOvLKo'ypa&osr 6 avaypal/at,uevosra eivMKa. There are no mar-ginalia in other parts of the codex, and as they are confined

    7Wilhelm Knauss, De Stephani Byzantii ethnicorum exemplo Eustathiano(Diss. Bonn, 1910).8A. Adler in Real-Encycl. Iv.A.1 (1931), 676.37-49, 684.29-60.9S. Peppink, "De autographis Eustathianis cum codice Suidae comparatis,'Mnemos. LX (1933), 423f; P. Maas in Byz. Zeitschr. xxxiv (1934), 165; xxxv(1935), 305-307. There are four codices extant in Eustathius' own hand(E. Martini, "Eustathianum," Rhein. Mus. LXII [1907], 273-287), two of whichare of paper (Paris. 2702, Marc. 448). This fact is important for the historyof paper, since few if any paper volumes so large as these are so early. Thehandwriting also is of a character familiar from the 13th cent. rather than the12th. These Eustathian MSS. therefore deserve paleographical study.-P.S.Maas' conclusions regarding the Eustathian annotations in Suidas and identityof hand in Marc. 448 have been impugned by Adler, Suidae Lexicon v (1938),255, 267-74. See also Maas in Byz. Zeitschr. xxxvi (1936), 29; xxxvIII (1938),488. I am still inclined to agree with Maas. The annotations were addedlater by the first hand in Marc. 448 and their extent seems to depend on thestructure of the codex. The MSS. of Suidas are so contaminated that textualevidence of independence does not hold. However two autographs are extantof the commentary on the Odyssey, and there might have been two of Suidasalso.

    335

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    5/17

    Aubrey Dillerto the first quire of the second volume they would seem to beprimary in this codex. The form of the citations is alsocharacteristic of Eustathius. Marc. 448 is therefore the arche-type of the MSS. of Suidas that contain these marginalia andEustathius is the author of these citations of the EOvLKa.

    The history of the Etymologica has been worked out thor-oughly by Reitzenstein.10 The epitome of Stephanus was animportant source for two different compilations of the twelfthcentury, the so-called Etymologicum Magnum and Symeon'sEtymologicum. Both incorporated articles from the Ethnicaanonymously and through these channels material fromStephanus was wide-spread in later Byzantine learning, par-ticularly in Pseudo-Zonaras' or Tittmann's Lexicon. It isremarkable that during the entire Middle Ages the epitomeof Stephanus was used only by Eustathius and these Ety-mologi, all contemporary. The fact is emphasized by parallels.The Dionysiaca of Nonnus were used by Eustathius and theEtym. Magnum (280, 9 ff), but elsewhere only by Max.Planudes (ca. 1300), who owned the sole codex in which theyhave survived." The Etym. Genuinum, now preserved inonly two MSS., was also used by Eustathius and the twoEtymologi, and Eustathius and the so-called Etym. Magnumboth call the Genuinum ro6'ya 7ErvUoXo7yKOv.12 We may inferthat Eustathius and the Etymologi used the same library inConstantinople.After Eustathius the Ethnica of Stephanus are not men-tioned again, to my knowledge, until 1491, when Janus Las-caris, sojourning in Padua, on the way to Greece to buy booksfor Lorenzo de' Medici, found a copy of 2redavovTOTrLKwVCaToaorotXVovn the library of the professor Giovanni Calfurnio.Not long after 2;rEd&wov WVLKWVrlromn appears in a list of10Richard Reitzenstein, Geschichte der griechischen Etymologika (Leipzig,1897).1 R. Keydell in Real-Encycl. xvii.1 (1936), 916.52-917.5.

    12 Reitzenstein, op. cit. (see note 10), 252 n. 2. Eustathius cites T6 ie,yaiV/UOXO'7K6v in his scholia on Suidas also.

    336 [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    6/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantiusbooks borrowed by Lascaris from the Medicean library itself.l3The famous savant must have expressed high expectations ofthe newly discovered work, for it enjoyed a brief initialpopularity that can have been based only on unfamiliaritywith it. Within a decade it attained its editio princets, andeighteen extant MSS. apparently fall in the interval.14Before turning to the classification of the MSS. it will bewell to review the printed editions, noting especially how farthey have exploited the sources of the text. Unfortunatelythe first edition by Aldus at Venice in 1502 was printed froman inferior member of the inferior class of MSS. The editionof 1521 from the Juntine press in Florence was a mere reprintof the Aldine. Two Latin translations were produced in themiddle of the century, both unpublished, by Benedict Aegiusin MS. Vatic. Lat. 5734 (apograph in Barberini Lat. 115)and by Xylander in his autograph MS. Barberini Lat. 159.Xylander's edition at Basle in 1568 contains only the Greektext based solely on the Aldine edition but considerablyemended. The first to resort to MSS. of Stephanus wasSalmasius in 1608, who collated the two Palatine codices(PQ) at Heidelberg in a copy of Xylander's edition preservedin the University Library at Leiden "ex bibliotheca IsaacVossii." These collations were used by Holsten and Berkel.Lucas Holsten was working on all the Greek geographersabout 1625-1630. He produced a Latin translation of mostof the text of Stephanus, preserved in MSS. Barberini Lat. 174

    13See the documents published by K. K. Miller in Zentralblatt ur Biblio-thekswesen I (1884), 389, 409. Compare also the entry in an anonymouscatalogue published by P. Kibre, The Library of Pico della Mirandola (1936),294, No. 1138: Compendium Stephani de gentibus et locis vel gentilibus locis.These notices all derive from the title and colophon found only in the sixbest MSS.

    14 The editio princeps of the Etym. Magn. (Venice, 1499) contains interpola-tions from Stephanus (Reitzenstein, op. cit. [see note 10], 220); and one article('EXaia) is found among the published scholia on Dionysius Periegetes (C.Miller, Geogr.Graec.Mi.i II.455.a.37). This scholion derives from cod. Paris.2708 (early 16th cent.), in which lacunae in Eustathius' commentary are sup-plied by excerpts from Strabo and Stephanus (G.G.M. In.xxxiii;Am. Journ. ofPhil. LVII [1936], 128f).

    337

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    7/17

    Aubrey Dillerand 319, and also a valuable commentary preserved in aninterleaved copy of Xylander's edition in the LaurentianLibrary in Florence (Acquisti e Doni 141). This commentarywas published without the text by Theod. Rycke in 1684(re-issued in 1692).15 In addition to Salmasius' collation ofthe Palatine MSS. (PQ) it mentions a Vatican MS. (1294)ad vv. "Afapvos, 'AypavXrlcf. Atiuva). The next edition afterXylander's was by Thomas de Pinedo in 1678 (re-issued in1725). It included a Latin translation, an ample commentaryand a collation (only as far as HaXLK/)y Jac. Gronovius, thenprofessor at Pisa, of the Perugia MS. (II). The edition byAbr. Berkel appeared in 1688 (re-issued in 1694). It wasbased on a MS. lent by Is. Vossius (V) as well as on Salmasius'collation of the Palatine MSS. (PQ), and it carried as a supple-ment the collation of the Perugia MS. (I) by Gronovius, whorefers also to a codex Maffei.'6 Over a century passed beforeanother edition of Stephanus appeared. In 1820 Fr. Passowpublished a notice De Stephani Byzantii codice Vratislaviensiand in 1824 Variae Lectiones e codice Stephani Byzantii Rehdi-gerano. The discovery of this important MS. (R) was prob-ably the occasion of Dindorf's variorum edition in four volumesat Leipzig in 1825. It reprinted Berkel's text with the pref-aces, commentaries and collations of Xylander, Holsten, Pinedo,Berkel, Gronovius, and Passow. The edition by A. Wester-mann in 1839 is of little importance. The last and nowstandard edition was by Meineke in 1849. It was based on are-collation of the Vossius MS. in Leiden (V) and the RehdigerMS. in Breslau (R). One of the Paris MSS. (1413) was alsoinspected. A second volume of commentary was promised

    15 Slight additions to Holsten's commentary are found in D'Orville MS. 63in the Bodleian, published by J. D'Orville, Misc. Obs. Crit. Novae II (1741),117-124 (Dindorf 1.673-678).16Gronovius on Steph. s. vv. Hepovala, H[lepa, IIepaat (Dindorf 1.579). Acollation of the first part of a "codex Ill. Maffei Romae", dated 8 June 1680,is found in Leiden, MS. Gronov. 115, fol. 49-51. The readings are worthless.The codex cannot be found. It may be identical with one of those listed below(Toledo, Zante?).

    338 [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    8/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantiusbut never published. The editorial work on Stephanus maybe summarized thus: the text has been printed eight times,17although several of the editions are mere reprints of theirpredecessors. Six MSS. have been used (Ald. PQIIVR) andthree others noticed (Vatic., Maffei, Paris).18A search through the catalogues of Greek MSS., old andnew, in manuscript and in print, has brought to light eighteenMSS. of the epitome of Stephanus' Ethnica. All have beeninspected directly for this study except five (Perugia, Toledo,Escorial, Zante, and Rosambo), for which inferences havebeen drawn from published reports and circumstantial evi-dence. For PQR complete microphotographs also have beenused.P Rome, Bibl. Vaticana, Palatinus graecus 57.Q Rome, Bibl. Vaticana, Palatinus graecus 253.R Breslau, Stadtbibliothek, Rehdiger XXIII = S.I.3.18.n Perugia, Bibl. communale, B 11.M Venice, Bibl. Marciana, VII 52.V Leiden, Rijks-Universiteit, Vossianus gr. fol. 20.N Naples, Bibl. Nazionale, III.AA.18.

    Florence, Bibl. Laurenziana, IV 3. Colophon: 71 3tXosaitrl tere'ypa&07veverlats &vaX\wiaLt ep Trov ue'yiarovKVplov7/.terEpov KVpLov Xavpevrlov&LAtIEr'E XELpL iwavovrpea-pvfivr pUfoov rov KprTOS6' TreLarb rjs X(pLrr)o9 yevvOjacEXLXLOTrwTreTpaKOoLoaT'rvevPlKOrW) SevrUTpep'- Ivos apTlovTpLaKoaTr7rpWTr?.

    17 Honigmann, op. cit. (see note 1), 2397, lists three more editions, by Conr.Gesner 1553, Th. Rycke 1684, Berkel-Gronovius 1725. Gesner merely in-cluded material from Stephanus in his Onomasticon propriorum nominum(Fabricius-Harles, Bibl. graeca iv.627). Rycke published only Holsten's com-mentary, without the text. I cannot find any copy of a third issue of Berkel-Gronovius in 1725.18B. Niese planned to edit Stephanus and collated several MSS. (PQIIV),but later gave up the project and surrendered his apparatus to Karl Boysen.See J. Geffcken,De StephanoByzantio (Gottingen, 1889), 5 n.l; Bursian'sJahres-berichtCLXIV1913), 48. For more recent literature on Stephanus see Honig-mann, op. cit. (see note 1), 2397-99. A notice has appeared in Gnomon xiv(1938), 336, that Dr. Ernst Grumach of Berlin is preparing a new edition.

    339

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    9/17

    Aubrey DillerVenice, Bibl. Marciana, XI 12. Colophon: 0eov 6 &wpov,

    6 Kataapos irovos rov aorpaT1yoD.Naples, Bibl. Nazionale, III.AA.17.Milan, Bibl. Ambrosiana, H 117 sup.Paris, Bibl. Nationale, grec 1412.Paris, Bibl. Nationale, grec 1413.Toledo, Chapter Library, 45-30. A. Martin, in Nouvellesarchives des missions scientifiques II (1892), 263f. Thethree preceding were written in Florence by MichaelSuliardos of Sparta. Paris 1412 is dated in 1486,Toledo 45-30 in 1496; but the dates are not trust-

    worthy and the first is certainly wrong, as Suliardoswas still in Greece in 1486. See E. Lobel, "The GreekMSS. of Aristotle's Poetics," Suppl. to Bibl. Soc. Trans.ix (1933), 56.

    Escorial, Real Bibl., 2.III.7. E. Miller, Catalogue desmss. grecs de la bibl. de l'Escurial (1848); A. Revilla,Catdlogo de los codices griegos de la biblioteca de elEscorial I (Madrid, 1936), 353 f.

    Zante (Zacynthus), Anruoaia \t6XLo68Kj. N. A. Bees inRevue de Philologie xxxv (1911), 340-343.Rome, Bibl. Vaticana, graecus 1294, fol. 249-279. Only

    the beginning, ending abruptly with KaXovuevov,p. 133.6Meineke.Library of the Marquis de Rosambo, 401. H. Omont,Mss. grecs des departments (Paris, 1886), 72, does notgive the title of the work in this MS., so that we arewithout a clue to its classification.

    All the MSS. are late, presumably of the end of the 15thcentury.'9 They fall into two groups according to the title:(K rTV OvLKv areqavov Kcara e'r'rojiV and reXos TLVrOTrLK&VaTeavovin the first six MSS.; aTrefavov IvavrTov ir-pl rTO\bXeKaL6Sjcow

    19Some of the MSS. have been ascribed on doubtful authority to the 14thcent., but I believe that, as often happens, on reconsideration they will allprove to be of the late 15th cent.

    340 [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    10/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantiusin the rest of the MSS. and the early editions. This divisionis confirmed in the text, e.g. at 19.14 and 120.5, where thereare omissions common to the MSS. of the second group andthe early editions, but to none of the six MSS. of the firstgroup. The detailed classification is drawn in the followingremarks on the individual MSS. It is based largely on agree-ments in errors, the evidence for which is assembled in a listof selected variants at the end.

    P, thin paper, 15 quinternions, 30 lines, 13 x 22 cm. (writtenspace). In various portions of the text (pp. 1-22, 194-234,373-456 Meineke) numerous blank spaces (fenestrae) of 5-15letters were left by the first hand. The same fenestrae occurin QRMV also, but in P alone most of them have been sup-plied by a second hand (P2). At a later time the first leafof the codex must have been damaged; for the outside sheetof the first quire (fol. 1 and 10) has been replaced by parch-ment and the text supplied on it by a third hand (P3), doubt-less from the original leaves with secondary supplements, sincethe text on these leaves is complete where QRMV havefenestrae. There is a critical passage at the juncture betweenfol. 10 and 11 (p. 38.7). From a comparison with QR thisplace must have read originally o-laobos/r' atyav 7ro repo6evov.P3 first wrote 7r-epind then changed to 7rapar6 to agree with

    ?ep6boEvovecause he did not understand 7ro(7roraAbv).N, paper thicker than in P, 17 quinternions and an extrabifolium at the end, 30 lines, 13 x 22 cm. N is a duplicate ofP. The format is similar, with ample exterior and interiormargins, and the handwriting seemed to be the same, althoughI judged from memory. The text of N agrees constantlywith PP2 against QR, but also with

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    11/17

    Aubrey Dillertions, which also agree constantly with PP2 against QR.20 IfN is an apograph of P, it must be the archetype of this wholegroup. At 38.7 N first wrote oaio8osX/ 'rapa alyav irore

    pepo6uevovand then changed to (kepooiev^vto agree with atyavbecause he too did not understand wro. The reading cepoouivrnvintroduced here occurs in the early editions and presum-ably in all the 7repl7rbXeovMSS. The new title 2TEcANOTBTZANTIOTHEPIHOAE2NKAI AHMS2Nmust have been takenfrom the citation by Tzetzes quoted above (note 5). Theterm fPv3avrTos,sed by Tzetzes in verse, is inexact for KWV-TravrLvoV7r6oXeo.

    II, paper, 176 leaves. Gronovius' collation is the onlyinformation available regarding its text, but that is sufficientto show that it agrees with PP2 against QR. At 10.17 theabsurd reading 'yop6rovn I originated in a peculiar ligature inyopoiov in P. Moreover II agrees with P3 against NQRat 2.8, 4.6, 38.7. It must therefore be a mere apograph of Pin its present state of revision and repair by P2 and P3.

    Q, thick paper without watermark, KEquaternions, 30 lines,13 x 20 cm. The fenestrae common to P1QR remain open inQ; but at the beginning a few peculiar fenestrae and omissionshave been supplied by a second hand or the first hand at alater writing. At 2.2 cWsKaLa&Xjwas omitted in fenestra byQ1,and Q2supplied only &aX?7WcsKaiwas supplied by a muchlater hand). At 6.18 n),aivwas likewise omitted and suppliedin fenestra.

    M, thick paper without watermark, 166 leaves in quin-ternions and quaternions, size of page irregular. M is aduplicate of Q. The material and the handwriting are almostidentical and the text agrees in the smallest details. Sincethe agreement covers Q2as well as Q', M must be an apographof Q.

    20 Reitzenstein, op. cit. (see note 10), 257, says the codex of Stephanus usedby Symeon Etymologus often agreed with that used by Aldus; but I can findlittle agreement between Aldus and Symeon against the MSS. of Stephanus.Such as occurs may well be due to revision by Aldus' editor. Cf. Steph. Byz.90.5 vs. Sym. 267.18 Reitzenstein.

    342 [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    12/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus ByzantiusV, paper without watermark, 29 quaternions, 29 lines, 13

    x 23 cm. I have used Meineke's report of its text. It agreesconstantly with QQ2M against PR, but has many peculiarerrors and omissions of its own (193.12, 211.4, 417.6-16,481.10). It is therefore a derivative of Q.

    R, paper, 22 quaternions, 30 lines, 13 x 22 cm. There isno revision like that in PQ. R frequently preserves the truereading where PQ have errors and omissions in common, sothat it must be independent of the immediate archetype ofPQ. R is scarcely superior to PQ, however, as it has a largecrop of errors and omissions of its own.

    /4\P Q RN I M VI

    All but three of the inspected MSS. of Stephanus' Ethnica,as well as the early editions, are thus secondary, being derivedfrom extant sources. The three primary MSS. are PQR.From these must be reconstructed an archetype to be com-pared with the testimonia in Eustathius and the Etymologica.The format of the archetype seems to be reflected in the con-sensus of PQR, all of which have a page of 30 lines, 13 x 20/22cm. (written space). The title and subscription are the samein all three, as quoted above. The text is divided by initialletters, apXq rov a, TroV Uera Tro a, rov pw oaroLXetov,tc., andsubdivided by second letters, fueiTrov , etc. Within thesubdivisions the articles are written consecutively, but thesubdivisions often begin on new lines (ia, fe, {r7, to, )v). Thissystem, which is common in lexica, is not carried out rigorously,nor do the three MSS. agree in what they give of it. Thereis also a division into books indicated in PIIR (not in QN).This is more important, as it must go back to the original

    343

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    13/17

    unabridged work. There are titles for books /-Xs at intervalsas far as Omicron, where the series is discontinued except fortwo puzzling titles in Tau, fLBXlova and apx4 jBSBXtou?.21At the beginning of Chi (676.9) there was a fragment ofanother epitome of the ECOLK&,riefer and different from theone we have. This fragment occurs in PQ as well as R, fromwhich Meineke prints it.There was a good deal of tachygraphy in the archetype,reproduced or variously expanded in PQR: 2.8, 38.6, 82.7,82.8, 87.9, 88.7, 374.9, 483.1, 493.15, 494.26, 495.7, 712.8, etc.There were three large lacunae of several pages at 372.10,413.7, 495.14.22 PQ left the rest of the quire blank for thefirst lacuna, but failed to notice the other two, as R did allthree. Quotations from the missing portions are found in thetestimonia. Accidental omissions of phrases, lines, or evenwhole articles also can in a few cases be supplied from thetestimonia.23 Since its primary text was defective whereEustathius and the Etymologi had an intact text, the imme-diate archetype of PQR cannot have been Eustathius' owncodex, as one might suppose from the fact that several ofEustathius' own codices are preserved.The most striking and problematical feature of the arche-type represented in its derivatives is the large number offenestrae mentioned above. They are 5-15 letters in lengthand occur chiefly in certain portions of the work (pp. 1-22,194-234, 373-456), though a few occur elsewhere. Most ofthem are common to all three MSS., but the exact ambitoften varies. In P alone most of them are supplied by asecond hand, which also corrects the text in other places.This revision cannot be entirely conjectural, since its supple-

    21See Honigmann, op. cit. (see note 1), 2379. P omits books Xaand X/I.At the beginning of Tau P has the title &pxxiro r L3\Xlova. R separates thewords gLgX\tOv X and places them ahead of the article vupaKovaau.22 In the 16th cent. there was a rumor of a codex of Stephanus that did nothave these lacunae (Jos. Scaligeri Epistulae [Frankfurt, 1628], 724f).23Reitzenstein, op. cit. (see note 10), 264.5, 265.19, 330, 331.1; Knauss,op. cit. (see note 7), 105-109; Honigmann, op. cit. (see note 1), 2377.35.

    344 Aubrey Diller [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    14/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantiusments are sometimes confirmed by QR or the testimonia(199.18, 205.10, 230.5). On the other hand it is improbablethat a second MS. was available, since there is no other traceof such a MS. and some of the fenestrae remain unsupplied.The best hypothesis seems to be that the archetype wasdamaged, perhaps by water, at these fenestrae, and that thereviser of P was able by special effort to salvage more ofthe text than the scribes had done. At the same time theremay be a considerable element of conjecture in this secondaryrevision in P.

    xThe following variants were chosen to illustrate the rela-tions of the MSS. and do not present a continuous collation.

    They are referred to Meineke's text. PP2NAP3II, QQ2MV,and R are cited as fully as possible, and when their readingsare not given it is because they were not available. II wascollated by Gronovius with an early edition, so that it maybe assumed ex silentio to agree with PNA. The Aldine text(A) represents the derivatives of N. Symeon's Etymologicum(E) is quoted from Reitzenstein, op. cit. (see note 10), 262-69.Readings that presumably diverge from the archetype aremarked as errors (t) or conjectures (*). Fenestrae are repre-sented by dashes: - -1.3 arTL VpLOVAP3QV, KVpLOV. - 1.4 KalIro6Xl tNAP3, 6 TrQ in ras. MV, 6 iro R.- 1.5 &taasa&al NP3IIR, afla a0laL*AQV. - 1.7 KTr7TLK6V ... EOVLKOVtNAP3, 6OVLK6V. . KTTrLK6vQVR.- 1.9 Kal AP3R, om. tQMV. - 2.1 aLU6rTsKal AP3Q2, a(T.----Qt, aL6irls Kal R. - 2.2 ds Kal aXfa NAP3, om. in fen. Ql, aX#%1tantum suppl. Q2,ds Kalom. ante aX^qrMV, cs Kata R. - 2.4aXvafiios AP3R, aXsi#. Kal tQV. - 2.6 &fatTrLXLs WK. NAP3I,&aaL rots 4aK. QV, aEal TiroXs v qwK. R. - 2.7 irp6 TOV AP3R,rap' avrov tQV. - 2.7 eanr6b tNAP3, CarTKal QVR, cf. 2.9,89.13, 485.17. - 2.8 ?ipcsxP tP3aI, 0p1' N, ipw6Lavos AQR, cf.31.5. - 2.9 Kal NAP3Q, b6 R, cf. 2.7. - 3.7 r6 6e rEVKp6S AP3,om. in fen. QMVR.-3.9 Kvplov AP3, om. in fen. QMV,

    345

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    15/17

    Aubrey DilleretrxwptovR. - 3.9 afavprTov P3R, afaavrtasQV. - 3.18 atrerXwvtNAP3II, ?ebrirXWVR. - 4.6 ro om. tP3II, hab. NAQR.--4.10 ueLU4nNAP3, uEuCrlsVR. - 5.18 yap PA, om. QVR.-6.5 KalPR, Kal Q, hab. M, om. AV, s *Holsten, cf. 374.9, 433.4,712.8. - 6.14 ovoerTeps 8B air? 7 A, --------r P, OV6erTpoSopaivr, suppl. p2, --------.Tr tQV, ------ e avi;r R. - 6.16 a&flotPAR, aiLwpvQV.-6.17, 7.12 yaXaKr. PAR, 7yXaKr.*QV.6.18 ftaovp m. sine fen. tPA, in fen. Q1,suppl. Q2,hab. MVR.- 8.8 KOTrbXVrvvaaos om. in fen. P'QVR, suppl. p2, hab. A.-8.9 e7rx7,uraTeolwoom. in fen. P'R, suppl. P2, hab. A, Cr ----QV. - 8.10 Tkra. aXX' avros suppl. P2, hab. A, om. in fen. R,

    n ----- P1, 5v----- Q. - 8.12 'xp'aaro om. in fen. pl, suppl.P2, hab. A, Ix----- T Q, ------ro R. - 8.15 vavKXavXurirs,KaltPII, vv KXavTtirTsKal A, VavKpaTLs*QV, YaVKXavrTR. - 9.21ararTTs&irrom. in fen. P'R, suppl. P2, hab. A, -----apxxr tQMV.- 9.21 opvuua'AII, opvuovP2 in marg. QV, O6prilovR. - 10.1 Kal*PAII, om. in fen. QR. - 15.7 avrta PAR, avTva tQMV. -15.7 r6 OVtLKoVa/KCapaTls P2A, om. in fen. PI, ----- rTs QMVR.- 15.10 6' elvaL opvylas P2A, 6' oiv---- P1QMV, '----- R.15.13 TrpLAepeZi*PA, TpLt --- QM, rpt--- V(?)R. - 17.9 4n7o om.in fen. PII, sine fen. AR, hab. *QV. - 19.14 aXXa ..... 17o-i/OVVTLoshab. PIIQMVR, om. tNA et al. - 21.9 bexerat .....&ypvXi'atv hab. PAQ, om. tR.- 31.5 ip8' ,& TOVa- ---- P1,ev a av suppl. P2, rOpwbav6s v TrpTrn av\aXapi bLtaT .aL. A,?pc6jrls &LaTOV at v a avXa , pwavs v as QV,rpwotavos 1&& OVl eYas R. - 38.6 Xey" lrepl a'yav I7r OepopbevovP3 et PI sed rapa TOP3 corr., Xje/l rapa aityav roreT e?p6ouevovsed 4epouAVer7vorr., X&yerat Trap& altyav rTOTr qepopivrlv A, X Cyet7rapd& atyav irori qepo6.evov HI, XT ' a'lyav Trora/AOv4epO6Ievov Q,Xeyeraatrapa alyav rora/biv4epo,/AevovV, X, 7repl iLyav7ro' epo6/,evovR.--81.2 /tbaKVcs tPA(V?), /Ltuaebs QR, /lbaes E. - 81.18'rapa PAR, ~repi Q. - 82.7 a/m0AaOatrwvP PA, &aaOal TrXflvvTLKi SQV, a/.aOat7rKo' R, om. E. - 82.8 a&uorTepcwvPA, a/uo( Q,auoiP R, &atooTrepwevE. - 83.3 xwptov tPA, xcpa QVRE.84.1 7retofrov *PAE, lrtLkTovQR. - 84.11 Tr6XIs4a'Lts PA, &atlsro6Xts R, 4iaaLs aaatos E. - 84.13 ev PR, cevOeLaQ, E'oetov*AE.

    346 [1938

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    16/17

    Vol. lxix] Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius- 84.15 X'XyovaLtPA, Xy7eL VR. - 84.19 Tala Kal ZTLoaPAlI,TacaL Katl TaLvYa V, rTatac Kal Ztaoa R. - 84.21 laTpLKOSQVR,

    aTrpLKaS *AE. - 86.5 or6XLsPAQR, roTafJio E. - 86.8 paKe6OVLKI)PA, -K< QV, -Kv R, cf. 490.9, 494.26. - 86.13 ' a&ubp'yv avrTrvPA, 6' I| u6prv avrtlv expl. inc. vers. Q, be 6pLopV-tvVritv V, 5'a&Lop'yirrv,vr,v R. - 86.17 Kal voTLaFs tPAQR, cS KorvTiEVE.

    -87.9 aLiUreXiTrlv PAII, a/u7reXLrTc Q, ajiTreATaL V, aLtreXL R.88.7 r-i .. roXLrelaPA, Trc . 7roXl QR. - 89.13 /t PAQ, Kal R,cf. 2.7. -89.14 q 7r6XlS *PA, 7 7r6XLt tQVR, TOXLs Kal E.- 90.20 7rapaKEL/,IEVOL PAQE, TrpLK. R. -90.20 rapay',ywsPAQVE, rapayw'y tR. - 90.21 CKalt. loc. om. tPAQV, hab.RE.- 91.5 a&ucl/rp6o7rtPAQR, a&uLrpo7rrLvE. - 120.5 ort..... 6 o-ropov hab. PIIQVR, om. tNA et al. - 172.3 opov&avastPAQV, 6povaI as R, opova -sE. - 179.18 rT6XLPAQRE, TroXrTL*Schubart. - 185.19 pperoTtiaPQR, fprTroTrla tA, /pETTla E.192.3 'KEV PAQ, x {XOeR. - 193.15 O7XLKOVAQV, evOelasR.

    -194.1 'K PAQV, a7r R. - 194.20 btovoaLosm. in fen. tPAQ,hab. R. - 194.21 3aaapapLv,vPQ, ?aaapapLKWv *A, aoaaapLKgvR. - 194.22 XLVorTlxEa R, --- reLXea tPAQV. - 194.23 KXavaoToioLPQ, KXWaTroloR. - 194.23 recXos PAR, ---xos QV. - 195.2 &sPA, --s QV, EVpos R. - 197.2 6Laterol7KLXTau PA, 5La7ro7rcaotKiTXOaQV, a& TO irerOLKLXO\aL. - 198.2 KaTa u .v ..... KcarTa om.tPAQ, hab. R. - 199.18 yapyr7Ta.---- P1QV, yapyrfnirOevKalP2A, yapYLTir7Oeval R. - 199.19 o6TperaL P2AR, om. in fen.P', o------ QV. - 199.21 KctPAQV, vs R, cf. Athen. 77 D.-200.9 cos TreyearTsPAQ, om. tR. - 201.8 appwv, PAQC, aKpwvQaR. - 202.1 6La Tr)v uErra3oX7v, ab. PAQ, om. tR. - 202.19Xtyvpw)v AQV, IXXvplJv R. - 203.24 TrrT7rWTOA, rrTvrOroV,TrTVTUTroR. - 205.10 &avOeoevi,r yepv7vwP2AR Eust. 231.28,

    av0eO----v LPl(vw) QV. - 205.11 wcsXLos XLes P2A,Ws----- evP'QV, cs TO aXLos a&Xevs R. - 206.10 KLOaptletv PA Eust. inDion. Per. 304, KaOapLelvvQVR. - 206.14 v56vPAQV, 6 i& R,71br, *Meursius. - 207.5 7r6Trovy7nyaZaom. in fen. P1QV,suppl. P2, hab. AR. - 209.6 rapoov PAQ Eust. 327.35, om. tR.-210.18 aioXets ..... reppat%ovs m. tPAQ, hab. R. - 211.9'yop'yvtvs PA, yop'yovevs QV, yopyopevs R.--211.14 KTrLOelaa

    347

  • 7/22/2019 The Tradition of Stephanus Byzantius.pdf

    17/17

    Aubrey DillerPAQV, Kria/ia R. -- 214.13 a/zXKX---pa8as plQ, adiLKXoaTrobXapa,as P2, ai/ LKcX1rovs XPpasa, A, auLt ----palaa R. - 230.5ovo,CaaOelaa P2AR, 6 X6yos --- P1, 6 6voluo-- QV. - 334.1 1io7rt77TtPA, to7rtTrls, 'K 6' roV lO6rea &ia 6o" iOTrei'l QR. - 334.2 6La65e loTreITr7SKait IOTreStPA, lOTrEu Kal LoTrElTrS VR. - 368.206 Kal ..... &aoav om. tPAQ, hab. R. - 373.18 Cao7rn PAIIQV,E7r&'r7R Eust. 290.25. - 374.9 KaltPAQ. s R, cf. 6.5. - 433.4s tPAIIQV, KTrav R. - 480.16 eleEL 7ro P2, om. in fen. plQ,etirlaL roratOs *A, eLalo-troraFos R Eust. 369.25. - 481.7 LXLITr-lrtKiv hab. PAQ, om. tR.-482.3 IraV6ovtLosPAR, 7rav8lovostQV.-483.1 7ravaavias i PAQ, iravaavias 6qXot R.--483.10?7XvKwSAQ, 0flXvKOVR. - 483.3 aXoos om. tPA, hab. QVR.- 483.5 lipvOijval tPAQR, lSpv0evEust. 270.14. - 485.6 4oovob-IAevosm. tPA, hab. QVR. - 485.17 Kal PAQ, S6R, cf. 2.7.-487.4 &XetLs PA, aXe QVR. - 489.3 OXtLoroXlr7s *PA, 06Xflo-TroXmLTLKQVR. -490.7 alaubov *PA, ao-tou QVR. - 490.9caKLKOVLKOlSPAR, LaKE6VoLKQ, -KW V, cf. 86.8. - 490.18 TrepiPA Eust. 594.28, r' Q, Trapa R, cf. 81.18. -490.20 aKapvavwv

    *PA, aKapvaaaiv QVR. -493.13 gKaraTosreptltyr P, cKaraZos epL?1-Y71etLA, eKaTov Trep7I^yolaeWo Q, eKa Trepl'yoT7aet R, cf. 495.7.-493.15 7repiPA, 7r'Q, 7rapa R, cf. 81.18. - 494.17 opyoUevatostPA, 6pya/uaZos QVR. - 494.26 /aKe6OVLK^Pv PAQV, -KOi? R, cf.86.8.- 495.2 o5 P2AR, om. in fen. P'QV. - 495.7 eKaraZoslr p Ir~pl~lYqb~L PA, ~Kdl 7!' 1.0(4WI T I Ievpco 7WrepioQy-a,eL A, K'a'rov Ecpcw7rEP7l7 tQV, eKCevpwrpsTrepLr'y/aeLR, cf. 493.13. - 538.21 &aroXXwvos.... cyCahab.7rap&PAQ, om. tR. - 549.14 7rap&PA, aro sic Q, a7r6 R.- 549.207rapaPAQ, a7r6 R. - 550.6 arrol roV7r tPA, aurTQVR. - 550.13'yeyovEvaLtPA, 'eveaOra QVR. - 551.17 aaX/tyol P2AR, ua----PIQ. - 551.18 apa3iLKwv apXaLoXo'yla PA, apat3iK^s apXaLoXoylasQVR.--556.15 Kai aapsoaatos *PA, om. QR. - 556.17 Kaicap5tav6som. tPA, hab. QVR. - 638.16 wrap&.... Kal rpwoLashab. PAQ, om. tR. - 712.8 Kal AXXaVLKOSPAQV, S EXXV rLKWV,cf. 6.5.

    348 [1938