The Three Levels and The Three Levels and Three Branches of Three Branches of

Government Government

The Chart The Chart Branch Branch

Of Of

GovernmenGovernment t

PrincipalPrincipal

Function ofFunction of

Branch Branch

National National Level Level

StateState

Level Level Local Local

LevelLevel

Legislative Legislative

ExecutiveExecutive

Judicial Judicial

Principle Function: Principle Function: Legislative Legislative To make laws in accordance with To make laws in accordance with

the Constitution the Constitution Article 1 Article 1

Principle Function: Principle Function: Executive Executive To enforce laws in accordance To enforce laws in accordance

with the constitutionwith the constitution To enforceTo enforce

the Constitution the Constitution Article 2 Article 2

Principle Function: Principle Function: Judiciary Judiciary To interpret the meaning of the To interpret the meaning of the

Constitution Constitution To judge and interpret the To judge and interpret the

constitutionality of laws and constitutionality of laws and executive actions executive actions

Article 3 Article 3

Legislative Branch: National LevelLegislative Branch: National Level

Upper House Upper House Senate Senate

100 Senators 100 Senators 2 per state 2 per state

Qualifications Qualifications 30 yrs. Old30 yrs. Old Live in US for 9 yrsLive in US for 9 yrs must live in the state must live in the state

Terms Terms 6 yr terms 6 yr terms staggered – 1/3staggered – 1/3rdrd at a time: at a time:

known as a continuous body known as a continuous body Leadership Leadership President of Senate is VPPresident of Senate is VP

Joe Biden (D)Joe Biden (D) Ohio Senators Ohio Senators

Rob Portman(R)Rob Portman(R) Sherrod Brown (D)Sherrod Brown (D)

Lower HouseLower House House of Representatives House of Representatives

435 members – set since 1929435 members – set since 1929 Based on state populationBased on state population Each member represents a Each member represents a

congressional district within a statecongressional district within a state Ohio had 18, will have 16 in 2013Ohio had 18, will have 16 in 2013

Qualifications Qualifications 25 years old25 years old 7 years in US 7 years in US must live in state represented must live in state represented Recommended to live in district Recommended to live in district

Terms Terms 2 year terms2 year terms

LeadershipLeadership Speaker of the House - leader of the Speaker of the House - leader of the

majority partymajority party John Boehner (R) OhioJohn Boehner (R) Ohio

Ignatius Representative Ignatius Representative Marcia Fudge (D) 11Marcia Fudge (D) 11thth Congressional Congressional

DistrictDistrict https://

youtu.be/M3JOS6ptklw?list=PLtmkM-ZRXvcpn-Z-32UQlobCLddEBeDl1

Bicameral – 2 houses

Congress

Portman

Boehner

Brown

Fudge

Ohio Congressional Districts Ohio Congressional Districts

Executive Branch: National Executive Branch: National LevelLevel

Leadership Leadership President President

– Barack Obama (D)Barack Obama (D) Vice President Vice President

– Joe Biden (D)Joe Biden (D) Qualifications – for each Qualifications – for each

– 35 years old35 years old– must live in the US for 14 must live in the US for 14

years years – born a US Citizen. born a US Citizen.

Terms Terms – 4 year term4 year term– 2 term limit 2 term limit – 10 year max10 year max– 2222ndnd Amendment 1953 Amendment 1953

WashingtonWashington GrantGrant Teddy RooseveltTeddy Roosevelt FDRFDR

Cabinet members – group of Cabinet members – group of advisors to the president who help advisors to the president who help enforce the laws and Constitutionenforce the laws and Constitution– Sec. of State Sec. of State

John KerryJohn Kerry– Sec. of Defense Sec. of Defense

Chuck HagelChuck Hagel– Attorney General, Dept. of JusticeAttorney General, Dept. of Justice

Eric Holder - resignedEric Holder - resigned– Dir. Of Homeland Security Dir. Of Homeland Security

Jeh JohnsonJeh Johnson Commander and Chief of the US Commander and Chief of the US

MilitaryMilitary– The military is the largest sector of The military is the largest sector of

government- help enforce the laws government- help enforce the laws and functions of government and functions of government

Agencies to help enforce Agencies to help enforce – CIA, FBI, NSA, ATF, DEACIA, FBI, NSA, ATF, DEA

Barack Obama Jeh Johnson

John Kerry

Joe Biden

Chuck Hagel

President’s CabinetPresident’s Cabinet

Judicial Branch: National Level Judicial Branch: National Level The United States Supreme Court The United States Supreme Court Leadership Leadership

9 Supreme Court Justices9 Supreme Court Justices 1 Chief Justice 1 Chief Justice

John RobertsJohn Roberts 8 associate Justices 8 associate Justices

Appointed by the President Appointed by the President Confirmed by Senate – 2/3Confirmed by Senate – 2/3rdrd vote vote No Constitutional Requirements No Constitutional Requirements Serve Life Terms or until retirementServe Life Terms or until retirement Typical Requirements – Judicial or legal ExperienceTypical Requirements – Judicial or legal Experience Purpose and Function: Purpose and Function: interpret the words of the US interpret the words of the US

Constitution and determine the constitutionality of Congressional Constitution and determine the constitutionality of Congressional laws and Presidential actions video: http://supremecourt.c-span.org/laws and Presidential actions video: http://supremecourt.c-span.org/

*Bonus* *Bonus* Name the other 8 Justices Name the other 8 Justices

Legislative Branch: State level

Upper House Senate

33 members 33 Senate districts

Qualification Live in District 18 years old

Terms 4 year terms ½ every 2 years – continuous

body 2 term max – 8 years max in a

row Senator for Ignatius: Shirley Smith (D)

Lower House House of Representatives

99 members For each Senate district, there

are three smaller districts for each representative – 99 total

Qualifications Live in district 18 years old

Terms 2 year terms – all 99 up for

election every 2 years 8 years maximum in a row

Representative for Ignatius: Bill Patmon(D)

Bicameral - Ohio General Assembly in Columbus

Ohio General AssemblyOhio General Assembly

Executive Branch: State Level Executive Branch: State Level

Governor Governor John Kasich (R)John Kasich (R)

Lt. Governor Lt. Governor Mary Taylor (R)Mary Taylor (R)

QualificationsQualifications 18 years old18 years old Must live in state Must live in state

Terms Terms 4 year terms 4 year terms

Cabinet – mix of elected and Cabinet – mix of elected and appointed to officeappointed to officeSec. of State Sec. of State

John Husted (R)John Husted (R)

Attorney General Attorney General Mike DeWine (R)Mike DeWine (R)

Ohio State Highway PatrolOhio State Highway Patrol 2500+ employees – 1400 troopers2500+ employees – 1400 troopers

Ohio National Guard Ohio National Guard 11,400 soldiers11,400 soldiers

Judicial Branch: State level Judicial Branch: State level THE OHIO SUPREME COURTTHE OHIO SUPREME COURT Seven total Justices Seven total Justices

Chief Justice – Maureen O’Connor Chief Justice – Maureen O’Connor Six associates Justices Six associates Justices

elected to six-year termselected to six-year terms non-partisan ballotnon-partisan ballot

Two Justices are chosenTwo Justices are chosen at the general election in even-#’dat the general election in even-#’d - continuous body- continuous body

OH Constitutional Qualifications OH Constitutional Qualifications must have a law degreemust have a law degree with at least six years experience in practice of law with at least six years experience in practice of law

Lawyer or judicial experienceLawyer or judicial experience

Legislative Branch: Local Legislative Branch: Local Level Level

Cleveland City Council Cleveland City Council Located in City HallLocated in City Hall

– 601 Lakeside Avenue601 Lakeside Avenue Unicameral LegislatureUnicameral Legislature

– 17 council members in 17 wards17 council members in 17 wards– 1 clerk of council – Pat Britt1 clerk of council – Pat Britt– Each represents roughly 25,000 peopleEach represents roughly 25,000 people

Qualifications Qualifications to be a councilpersonto be a councilperson– 18 years old 18 years old – Live in the ward that they representLive in the ward that they represent

Terms Terms – 4 year terms 4 year terms – Unlimited termsUnlimited terms

President Kevin KelleyPresident Kevin Kelley– 1 of the 17 councilpersons1 of the 17 councilpersons

Representative Joe Cimperman ‘81Representative Joe Cimperman ‘81– Ward 3 Ward 3

Executive Branch: Local Level • Mayor – Frank Jackson

• No Deputy mayor• Office is located in City Hall

• Main enforcement is the Cleveland Police Department

• Cabinet • Chief of Staff – Ken Silliman• Chief of police - Calvin Williams• Heads of Departments

• Aging• Finance• Parks and Recreation • Public Utilities • Public Safety• Law Director

Judicial Branch: Local Judicial Branch: Local Level Level

Cleveland and Cuyahoga County Cleveland and Cuyahoga County courts are in the Justice Centercourts are in the Justice Center

Criminal Court SystemCriminal Court System State of OH – State of OH – violation of state lawsviolation of state laws

Litigants: State of Ohio vs. citizenLitigants: State of Ohio vs. citizen Tried in county courts (88)Tried in county courts (88) 2 phases: 2 phases:

Grand Jury (indicts – formally Grand Jury (indicts – formally brought up on charges) – 9 jurors – brought up on charges) – 9 jurors – majority verdict determines if there majority verdict determines if there is a trialis a trial

Petit Jury – actually tries the casePetit Jury – actually tries the case Jurors selected from a pool of Jurors selected from a pool of

registered votersregistered voters Possible verdicts by the petit jury: guilty or not Possible verdicts by the petit jury: guilty or not

guilty (never innocent)guilty (never innocent) Unanimous decision required (12/12)Unanimous decision required (12/12) penalties – penalties – fines, probation, jail time, fines, probation, jail time,

death (capital cases)death (capital cases) City of Cleveland, et al – violation City of Cleveland, et al – violation

of municipal ordinances (laws)of municipal ordinances (laws) NO Grand JuryNO Grand Jury Petit Jury availablePetit Jury available Same selection & deliberation Same selection & deliberation

processprocess Penalties – fines, jail time, probation, Penalties – fines, jail time, probation,

community servicecommunity service

Civil Court SystemCivil Court System Litigants: Citizen vs. CitizenLitigants: Citizen vs. Citizen Tried only in municipal courtsTried only in municipal courts Possible verdicts – in favor of Possible verdicts – in favor of

the defendant or against the the defendant or against the defendantdefendant

Majority decision required Majority decision required (7/12)(7/12)

Not a life or death issueNot a life or death issue Penalties – Penalties – Cash, property, Cash, property,

settlementsettlement TYPES: divorce court, damages, TYPES: divorce court, damages,

etc.etc.