The St. Clair River Area of Concern Remedial Action Plan ... · The St. Clair River Area of Concern Remedial Action Plan Progress Report Volume 1 ... Sharon - MDEQ, RAP ... Lambton)

The St. Clair River Area of ConcernRemedial Action Plan Progress Report

Volume 1 - Synthesis ReportEnvironmental Conditions and

Implementation Actions(1998-2003)

St. Clair River RAP Progress Report Volume 1 – Synthesis Report

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ST. CLAIR RIVER RAP PROGRESS REPORT

Volume 1 – Synthesis Report Environmental Conditions and Implementation Actions

(1998 - 2003)

Research, writing and editing by: Greg Mayne, Environment Canada

Editing by:

Sandra George, Jennifer Vincent and Luca Cargnelli, Environment Canada Ted Briggs and Stewart Thornley, Ontario Ministry of the Environment

Shanna Draheim, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality

Original draft copy provided by: North-South Environmental Inc.

Campbellville, ON


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Personal communications and/or written submissions provided by the following: • Almost, Stuart - Ethyl Canada • Appel, Lisa - Wildlife Habitat Council (Detroit) • Baker, Sharon - MDEQ, RAP Representative (East Lansing) • Darmstaetter, Wm. - City of St. Clair WWTP • Dope, Chris - LANXESS Inc. • Fuller, Fred - St. Clair County Drain Commissioner • Hartmann, Michelle - Consultant to MNR, MOE • Hines, Chuck - St. Clair Co. WWTP • Johnson, Gary - MOE, RAP Representative (Sarnia) • Kerr, Archie - LANXESS Inc. (formerly Bayer) • Koglin, Ron - Curtis Papers, Port Huron • Ludolph, Ron - MNR, Rural Lambton Stewardship Network (Chatham) • Marsden, John - Environment Canada, RAP Representative (former) • McMichael, Reg - City of Sarnia, City Engineering Department (Sarnia) • Munro, Scott - Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association • Newman, David - Ethyl Canada • Randell, Darrell - Rural Lambton Stewardship Network, Ducks Unlimited Canada • Thompson, John - NOVA Chemicals • Troy, Patty - BPAC, U.S. Chair, Michigan • Awad, Emily - MOE, Sport Fish Contaminant Monitoring Program • Walkling, Gordon - Shell Canada Products • Weir, Robert - St. Clair County


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FOREWORD This Progress Report serves to update the environmental conditions in the St. Clair River Area of Concern (AOC) as well as to summarize the actions taken to remediate the problems defined in the Stage 2- Recommended Plan. Specifically, it attempts to measure progress toward the recovery of identified beneficial use impairments (BUIs), identify information gaps and provide recommendations for further action. The information contained in this Report will ultimately be used to develop strategic work plans for the ‘delisting’ of the St. Clair River as one of the International Joint Commission’s (IJC) 41 AOCs. While information as recent as 2003 is discussed, the majority of the data represent the period from 1998 to 2001. The source of most industrial contaminants entering the St. Clair River has and continues to originate from Canadian industries, and therefore much of the data in this report is from Canadian sources. However, significantly more environmental monitoring data, habitat restoration and non-point source pollution control information from both Canada and the U.S. should be incorporated into future update reports in order to present a more comprehensive picture of the environmental health of the St. Clair River AOC. Information gaps can be attributed to the lengthy time interval between monitoring and reporting by scientists, agencies and industrial facilities. This document has been reviewed by Provincial, State and Federal Agencies and the Binational Public Advisory Council (BPAC), resulting in a consensus-based report. Although this Progress Report and its accompanying Technical Addendum detail the current conditions and temporal trends of contaminants in water, air, sediment and biota, progress should also be viewed in the larger sense of what has been accomplished and what remains to be done. Progress toward cleaning up the St. Clair River commenced prior to the current RAP process. The IJC first recognized that the River contained elevated concentrations of metals and nutrients due to human activities as early as the 1940s. Since then, governments, industries, municipalities, and public interest groups in both the United States and Canada have undertaken a wide range of remedial action plans (RAPs) and programs aimed at cleaning-up and rehabilitating the AOC. These actions have included the collection and analysis of environmental data, development of public awareness and environmental educational programs, and the implementation of site-specific and AOC-wide remedial measures. Such actions and programs have resulted in tremendous improvements in the environmental conditions of the St. Clair River, its tributaries and associated fish and wildlife habitats. The 1997 St. Clair River Remedial Action Plan - Stage 1 Update documented these improvements, and highlighted downward trends in industrial loadings, environmental contaminant concentrations and the frequency of chemical spills. Consequently, it was recommended that the status of four of the 10 specific BUIs be redesignated as either “not impaired” or “requiring further assessment on a St. Clair River AOC basis”. While the status of these particular BUIs has indeed improved relative to pre-implementation of remedial action plans, the process for redesignating a particular BUI will now follow the agreed upon formal binational process as outlined in the Four Agency Letter of Commitment signed in 1998. This process involves the provision of supporting documentation and data to validate the change in status, peer review of the documentation by a Technical Review Team, open discussion with local RAP committees and the public, and a decision by a Four Agency Management Team. The process will ensure that transparency, credibility and scientifically defensible decisions are achieved in the St. Clair River AOC. Consequently, tainting of fish and wildlife flavour, restrictions on drinking water consumption or taste and odour problems and, added cost to agriculture or industry, require evaluation under this process to determine their current status. Additional study is required in order to assess bird or animal deformities or reproductive problems in the St. Clair River AOC.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................................................... II

FOREWORD...............................................................................................................................................................III

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................... IV

LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................................................................................V

LIST OF TABLES...................................................................................................................................................... VI

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...............................................................................................................................1

2.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................5

2.1 BACKGROUND ...............................................................................................................................................5

2.2 PROGRESS REPORT DATA COVERAGE ..................................................................................................13

3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER AREA OF CONCERN...............................................................14

4.0 OVERVIEW OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER MANAGEMENT PROCESSES ................................................17

4.1 FOUR AGENCY FRAMEWORK OF ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................17

4.2 FOUR AGENCY LETTER OF COMMITMENT STRUCTURE ..................................................................18

4.3 ROLE OF BINATIONAL PUBLIC ADVISORY COUNCIL (BPAC)..........................................................18

4.4 REMEDIAL ACTION PLAN (RAP) IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURE .................................................18

5.0 SUMMARY OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES TO 2003............................................................19

5.1 INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE....................................................................................................................19

5.2 MUNICIPAL POINT SOURCE......................................................................................................................19

5.3 NON-POINT SOURCE/HABITAT ACTIONS ..............................................................................................21

5.4 IMPLEMENTATION ACTION PROGRESS SUMMARY...........................................................................24

5.5 GAP ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................38

6.0 TRENDS AND CONDITIONS.......................................................................................................................40

6.1 WATER QUALITY ........................................................................................................................................40

6.2 SEDIMENT QUALITY ..................................................................................................................................50

6.3 BIOTA QUALITY ..........................................................................................................................................52

6.4 EFFLUENT QUALITY...................................................................................................................................60


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6.5 AIR QUALITY................................................................................................................................................67

6.6 SUMMARY OF TRENDS AND CONDITIONS ...........................................................................................68

7.0 STATUS OF BENEFICIAL USE IMPAIRMENTS.......................................................................................70

8.0 CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................................74

9.0 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS .....................................................................................................76

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................78

ACRONYMS ..............................................................................................................................................................82

APPENDIX 1. SUMMARY OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES ..............................................................83

APPENDIX 2. PROVINCIAL AND FEDERAL SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES (NG/G) FOR SELECTED ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND MERCURY.............................................................................................................87

APPENDIX 3. SUMMARY OF RAP DELISTING CRITERIA ................................................................................88

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The St. Clair River Area of Concern comprised by the river proper, Walpole Island First Nation Territory,

and United States and Canadian watershed basins. .......................................................................................15 Figure 2. Location of municipalities and major point source dischargers in the St. Clair River AOC........................16 Figure 3a. Copper concentrations in water collected from head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St.

Clair River (source: C.H.Chan, 1998-2000)..................................................................................................42 Figure 3b. Cadmium concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port

Lambton) of the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000).................................................................42 Figure 3c. Lead concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of

the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000)......................................................................................43 Figure 3d. Zinc concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of

the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000)......................................................................................43 Figure 4a. Hexachlorobenzene in water samples collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton)

of the St. Clair River. ....................................................................................................................................44 Figure 4b. Hexachlorobutadiene in water samples collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port

Lambton) of the St. Clair River.....................................................................................................................45 Figure 4c. Octachlorostyrene in suspended sediment collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port

Lambton) of the St. Clair River.....................................................................................................................46 Figure 5. Mercury concentrations in sediments and water in the St. Clair/Detroit Corridor. (Source: Environment

Canada) .........................................................................................................................................................48 Figure 6. Total PCB concentrations in sediment and whole water in the St. Clair/Detroit Corridor. (Source:

Environment Canada)....................................................................................................................................49 Figure 7. Association between mercury concentrations in walleye tissue and body length. .......................................55 Figure 8. Temporal trend in total mercury concentrations in walleye (39-51 cm) sampled from the St. Clair River

between 1976 and 2003.................................................................................................................................55


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Figure 9. Comparison of the mean total PCB concentrations in turtle eggs collected from Areas of Concern within the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence basin (1999-2001). .....................................................................................59

LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Summarized comparison of the 1991 Stage 1 RAP, the 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan and the 1997

RAP Stage 1 Update regarding the assessment and status of beneficial use impairments. .............................7 Table 2. Significant actions, responsible agencies or facilities, proposed completion dates, and implementation status

since the 1995 Stage 2 Document. ................................................................................................................26 Table 3. Organic chemical and mercury concentrations (ng/g) in surficial sediment samples collected from St. Clair

River tributaries that exceeded sediment quality guidelines. ........................................................................52 Table 4. Summary of reported spills to the St. Clair River from Ontario Sources 1998 – 2002. ................................64 Table 5. Annual total point source loadings for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 from all Michigan point sources (all

parameter loadings in kg/year). .....................................................................................................................65 Table 6. Summary of Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) beneficial use impairments within the St.

Clair River AOC............................................................................................................................................71


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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Many of the municipal and industrial point sources in the St. Clair River AOC have implemented significant corrective measures to improve air and water effluent quality, reduce waste generation, reduce or eliminate spills, and improve plant efficiency since the 1995 Stage 2 Recommended Plan. These remedial actions have been significant in addressing the original environmental concerns identified for the St. Clair River AOC. As a result, there have been significant reductions in loadings of persistent, bioaccumulative and non-bioaccumulative contaminants to the St. Clair River. The elimination of numerous combined sewer overflows (CSOs) has reduced pollutant loads, and the remediation of contaminated sediments in the Cole Drain and offshore of Dow Chemical Canada Inc. has reduced the risk of downstream movement. Significant progress has also been achieved on the restoration or enhancement of upland, riparian and wetland habitats on both the Ontario and Michigan sides of the AOC. Many of these improvements directly address one or more of the 45 recommended actions identified in the 1995 Stage 2 Report that were proposed as remedial and preventative measures for the eventual restoration of beneficial use impairments (BUIs) and the delisting of the St. Clair River as an AOC. Yet, information gaps exist and finding solutions to remove impairments and to move forward in the delisting process requires the results of several recently completed or ongoing studies. The information gaps and actions include: point and non-point source pollution data; sediment characterization and remediation strategies; recent habitat inventories for both Canada and the United States; a focus on public education and outreach; a greater emphasis on monitoring and research needs, and the formation of a Remedial Action Plan Implementation Committee (RIC). Status of Beneficial Use Impairments

• Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption o Restrictions on Fish Consumption (Impaired) o Consumption of Wildlife (Requires further assessment)

• Tainting of Fish and Wildlife Flavour (Requires further assessment) • Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations

o Dynamics of Fish Populations (Not Impaired) o Dynamics of Wildlife Populations (Requires further assessments) o Body Burdens of Fish and Wildlife (Requires further assessment)

• Fish Tumours and Other Deformities (Requires further assessment) • Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems (Requires further assessment) • Degradation of Benthos

o Dynamics of Benthic Populations/Communities (Impaired) o Body Burdens of Benthic Organisms (Requires further assessment)

• Restrictions on Dredging Activities (Impaired) • Eutrophication or Undesirable Algae (Not Impaired) • Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems (Impaired) • Beach Closings (Impaired) • Degradation of Aesthetics (Impaired) • Added Cost to Agriculture or Industry (Impaired) • Degradation of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Populations (Not Impaired) • Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat (Impaired)


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Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption

The 2003-2004 Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish (OMOE, 2003) and the Michigan Fish Advisory (MDEQ, 2001) indicate that consumption restrictions remain in place for various fish species due to mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mirex/photomirex, and pesticides. Consumption advice is provided for the upper, middle and lower zones of the St. Clair River, reflecting the differences in fish tissue contaminant burdens. However, the decreasing trend in environmental concentrations of certain chlorinated organic compounds in water (1986-2000) reported by Environment Canada’s Head and Mouth survey, and the removal of contaminated sediment by Dow Chemical Canada Inc. should contribute to improved health and quality of wild fish. To this date, there are currently no numeric guidelines directly applicable to the St. Clair River regarding human consumption of wildlife. However, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in snapping turtles as well as octachlorostryene (OCS), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and PCBs in mallards and redhead ducks highlight the need for these guidelines. The Ministry of Natural Resources has issued a warning for people to use caution with respect to the regular consumption of these species from some areas of the Delta. Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations

Contaminant concentrations in snapping turtles, terns and mink remain above RAP contaminant yardstick values (numerical environmental objectives) for biota; however, the effects on “Dynamics of Wildlife Populations” is unknown and requires further study in the AOC. Tainting of Fish and Wildlife Flavour

Aboriginal traditional knowledge of fish tainting reported by Walpole Island First Nation was the impetus for a 1995 controlled subjective olfactory sensory evaluation of walleye caught from the St. Clair River. Results revealed that no identifiable tainting was detected by a panel of BPAC members and the public. It was then recommended that the status of this BUI be changed from “requires further study on a site-specific basis” to “not impaired”. The change in status was to be based on further confirmation by results of an extensive angler survey in late 1997. However, the results of an angler survey (1996 – 1997) funded by Health Canada’s Great Lakes Health Effects Program revealed that just under half of St. Clair fish consumers (291) had concerns about the fish they caught. Of these, 4% reported fish tainting and provided specific descriptions such as “didn’t smell/taste right” and odours and flavours like “oil”, “crude”, “petrochemicals” and “gasoline” (Dawson, 2000). Given that these reports were derived from experiences in the early to mid 1990s, and the study did not include Walpole Island First Nation residents or the U.S. shore, this BUI “requires further study on a St. Clair River AOC basis”. Fish Tumours and other Deformities

Liver samples from 63 fish representing 17 species from different trophic levels were evaluated using histopathologic criteria by the University of Guelph (Hayes, 2002). No neoplasms were found in any of the liver samples examined. One carp assessed from the Sarnia Bay station had several altered foci of the type observed in some fish species from locations where liver cancers occur. Thus, there is a possibility that these lesions might have been generated by exposure to mutagenic insult. Many of the fish may have been too young to develop neoplasms. Further assessment on older fish was recommended (Hayes, 2002). Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems

One study on snapping turtle contaminant concentrations in eggs and frequency of deformities has addressed this BUI in sufficient detail. Although PCB concentrations exceeded the RAP yardstick value, concentrations were below that of other southern Ontario AOCs (Detroit River and Hamilton Harbour).


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Hatching success and the frequency of deformities were no different than that of a reference site located in Algonquin Park. Contaminant concentrations in eggs of black and Forster’s terns and livers of wild mink are also provided in this Progress Report. The recommendation that this BUI be changed from "impaired" to "requires further study" was based on a re-assignment of evidence of chironomid mouthpart deformities to the BUI category “degradation of benthos” (dynamics of benthic populations/communities). There is insufficient evidence for a full characterization of this BUI and delisting criteria are required. Degradation of Benthos

Numerous studies have examined benthic community structure and contaminant body burdens. Benthic communities in the three Priority 1 zones remain impacted and significant relationships were found between contaminant body burdens (mercury (Hg), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD), HCB, OCS, PCBs) in invertebrates (oligochaetes, chironomids and mayflies) and sediment contaminant concentrations, demonstrating the extent of bioaccumulation. Sediment mercury contamination also impacts tubificid (a type of worm found in sediments) population density. A BEnthic Assessment of SedimenT (Beast) methodology is currently being applied to 16 sampling sites adjacent to industrial sites in the St. Clair River and Stag Island, as well as upstream and downstream sites. The Beast methodology will further address the concern over mercury biomagnification and involves the assessment of sediment quality based on the physical and chemical attributes of the sediment and overlying water, benthic invertebrate community structure, sediment toxicity tests and invertebrate body burdens. The results from this study are pending further analysis. In addition, further research is needed to address chironomid mouth-part deformities. Restrictions on Dredging Activities

Results from analyses of sediment samples collected from the Southeast Bend Cutoff Channel in 2000 indicate that mercury, total PCBs, TKN (total Kjeldahl nitrogen - nitrogen in the form of organic proteins or their decomposition product ammonia), HCB, manganese and phosphorus exceeded RAP yardstick levels and provincial sediment quality guidelines (PSQG) lowest effect levels. Sediment samples (surficial and core samples) collected in 2001 by the OMOE from just south of the Dow Chemical Canada Inc. property line (zone A) and from sites adjacent to and downstream of Suncor and opposite Stag Island (zone B) were tested to assess sediment management options. Approximately 5% of zone A had surficial mercury (Hg) concentrations exceeding the 1 mg/kg MOE-recommended sediment clean-up target and 30% of zone B had Hg concentrations ranging from 2 to 9.30 mg/kg. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentrations exceeded the recommended target of 220 ug/kg approximately over 43% of zone A and about 4% of zone B. To date, approximately 13,370 m3 of bottom sediment historically contaminated with mercury has been removed from the highest priority area offshore of Dow Chemical Canada Inc. A complete update on activities in 2004 will be provided in a future report. Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems

The 1997 Stage 1 Update recommended that the status of this BUI be changed from "impaired" to "not impaired”, based on the significant reduction in the frequency and quantities of chemical spills to the St. Clair River. There had been no OMOE-issued drinking water advisories or mandatory water treatment plant shutdowns resulting from spills to the St. Clair between 1994 and 1997. However, the OMOE responded to a spill to the St. Clair River in August 2003 from Royal Polymers in Sarnia and to a spill of


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methyl ethyl ketone and methyl iso-butyl ketone into the St. Clair River in February 2004 from Imperial Oil Ltd. in Sarnia. As a result of these incidents, the status of this BUI is under review. Beach Closures

Signs warning of possible intermittent pollution are to remain in place at four Ontario parks (Willow, Seager, Lambton, Cundick, Brander) until bacterial levels are below Ontario Ministry of Health guidelines. Combined sewer overflows, storm sewer outfall discharges and discharges from the Sarnia Water Pollution Control Centre (WPCC) and the Port Huron Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) still constitute major sources of pollution to the St. Clair River and contribute to beach closures. Additional research is needed to determine the role of non-point source pollution relative to local point source from treatment plants in beach closures. Degradation of Aesthetics

This BUI is impaired as a result of oily surface films, spills and combined sewer overflow (CSO) events from both Port Huron and Sarnia. However, five CSOs had been eliminated in the City of Port Huron and two CSOs in Sarnia have been replaced while two others require additional funding. On-going and planned improvements to sewage treatment and storm water systems in Ontario and Michigan, improvements in the St. Clair WWTP relating to mercury losses, continued sediment remediation offshore of the Sarnia Industrial Complex and the maintenance of habitat restoration programs should significantly contribute to the delisting of the BUIs. Added Cost to Agriculture or Industry

Because there had been no water treatment plant closures or associated interruptions in water supply to industrial users between 1994 and 1997, it was recommended that the status of this BUI be changed from “impaired" to "not impaired”. However, this beneficial use impairment also requires current review based on recent chemical spills to the St. Clair River. Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat

The 1997 Stage 1 Update reported that restoration targets were not fully accomplished and that clearing/draining of marsh and woodland by private landowners continues. Habitat loss is one of the most serious BUIs and affects fish and wildlife populations and degradation of benthos. Restoration and enhancement projects are ongoing in both Ontario and Michigan. Multi-agency partnerships have resulted in habitat restoration and stream bank erosion programs. Thirty percent of the target area of the Darcy McKeough Floodway has been enhanced and a total of 500 hectares of habitat has been enhanced in the St. Clair region since 1992. The current status of fish and wildlife habitat in the AOC will be evaluated and reported on in the next update.


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2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 Background This Progress Report is one in a series which began in 1991 with the release of the Stage 1 Report “Environmental Conditions and Problem Definitions”. The first ‘update’ to the Stage 1 Report was released in 1993 as an Addendum Report, summarizing data which were not available at the time of the Stage 1 Report. In 1995, the Stage 2 Recommended Plan – “Water Use Goals, Remedial Measures and Implementation Strategy” was released following extensive public consultation and review by task team members through facilitated workshops and meetings. It was a joint effort involving local citizens as well as Agency representatives. The 1995 document established RAP goals and objectives as well as numerical environmental objectives (yardsticks) by which concentrations of contaminants in sediment, water or biota would be assessed and progress measured. It also established 45 specific actions which required implementation to address point and non-point pollution sources, sediment, habitat, public education and outreach and monitoring/research, in order to ultimately restore each of the identified BUIs. In 1997, an additional Stage 1 Update report was prepared along with an Implementation Annex. The former updated data on water, sediment and biota quality along with point and non-point source data to assess trends and conditions in the AOC. The Implementation Annex provided an update on the implementation measures carried out, the progress on the action recommended in the Stage 2 document, and summarized the commitments to further actions within the AOC. These have been further updated for several Michigan and Ontario facilities (see reference list for list of respondents). Information summarized within the 1997 Update was based on data and information released following the 1993 Addendum Report, up to and including 1996. Most of the ambient data were from 1994 to 1996; however, the period of record for point source data (e.g., MISA monitoring data) was highly variable from facility to facility. At the time of the Update Report, there was very little non-point source data to report. Also, work on habitat acquisition and/or restoration was very preliminary. The following lists the recommended changes to the status of impairments to beneficial uses which were documented in the 1997 Update Report. The Recommended Changes in the Status of Beneficial Use Impairments (1997 Update Report)

The 1997 Stage 1 Update identified significant improvement in environmental conditions within the St. Clair River AOC relating to water, sediment and biota quality, as well as loading reductions originating from industrial discharges. Consequently, a change in status was recommended for the following BUIs:

• Tainting of fish and wildlife flavour: "requiring site-specific studies" to "not impaired", based on the results of a subjective olfactory-sensory evaluation of St. Clair River Walleye;

• Bird or animal deformities or reproductive problems : "impaired" to "requires further study on a St. Clair River AOC basis", based on a re-assignment of evidence of chironomid mouthpart deformities to the impairment "degradation of benthos-dynamics of benthic populations/communities";

• Restrictions on drinking water consumption or taste and odour problems: "impaired" to "not impaired" ;

• Added cost to agriculture or industry: "impaired" to "not impaired"

Although Provincial, State and both Federal Agencies recognize the improvements in environmental conditions in the St. Clair River AOC, certain process steps still require action before a redesignation of BUI status is possible. In 1998, a formal binational process for redesignating beneficial use impairments


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was outlined in a Four Agency Letter of Commitment and signed by Environment Canada, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The process requires that the local RAP implementation committee(s) recommend a change of status accompanied by a rationale, supporting documentation and data in order to substantiate that the status of the BUI be redesignated. The Four Agency Working Group designates a Technical Review Team to review the request. The lead Agencies will convene a review meeting, at which the implementation committee presents the request for redesignation with supporting data and documentation to the Technical Review Team. The meeting shall be open to the RAP committees, interest groups, community members and the general public. The Four Agency Management Team then issues a decision on whether to support the recommendation. This process will ensure that transparency, credibility and scientifically defensible decisions are achieved and consensus attained. Consequently, the abovementioned BUIs must undergo this process before a change in status can be approved. A summary of the assessment and status of each of the 14 beneficial use impairments up to the 1997 St. Clair River Remedial Action Plan Stage 1 Update is provided in Table 1.


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Table 1. Summarized comparison of the 1991 Stage 1 RAP, the 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan and the 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update regarding the assessment and status of beneficial use impairments. Impairment status is defined as impaired (I), not impaired (NI) or requires further assessment on a site specific basis (A) or on a Great Lakes Basin basis (B). Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption Restrictions on Fish Consumption Restrictions on Wildlife Consumption

“I” Mercury and/or PCBs in fish exceeded Health and Welfare Canada Limits (0.5ug/g).

“B” No guidelines are applicable to the St. Clair regarding human consumption of wildlife. Ontario MNR issued warnings with respect to regular consumption of turtle meat from some areas including Walpole Island due to PCBs.

“I” Fish Consumption advisories in effect for Ontario and Michigan for consumption of fish due to mercury, PCBs, dioxins and furans. “B” Elevated concentrations of PCBs in snapping turtles as well as octachlorostyrene, hexachlorobenzene and PCBs in mallards and redheads highlight the need for guidelines for the consumption of wildlife. Warnings on regular consumption of turtle meat.

“I” Fish consumption guidelines are currently in effect for walleye, drum, yellow perch, gizzard shad, blue gill and white sucker. “B” Health Canada advises that consumption of waterfowl poses no health hazards, although additional study of the common merganser in the River and hooded merganser in Lake St. Clair is recommended (CWS 1997).

Tainting of Fish and Wildlife Flavour

“A”. Aboriginal traditional knowledge of tainting has been provided by residents of Walpole Island First Nation.

“A”. There have been Aboriginal traditional knowledge reports of tainting.

“NI” (Recommended change in status) No identifiable tainting in walleye from the St. Clair River as confirmed by a controlled study (Mylloja and Johnson, 1995). Change in status to be further confirmed by results of an angler survey.

Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations Dynamics of Fish Populations

“NI” The fish community in the River is diverse. A return to an historic fish community structure is not possible. Goals and objectives support the current fish community structure.

“NI” The fish fauna of the River are considered well-balanced. The RAP will assess quantitative fish community goals being prepared by OMNR to determine further improvements.

“NI”

Body Burdens in Fish

“B”. Various metals, organic chemicals and other contaminants were found in sport fish exposed to discharges on the Ontario side of the River.

“B” Several contaminants including mercury, PCBs, hexachlorobenzene and octachlorostyrene were found in fish on the Ontario side of the St. Clair delta.

“B”


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Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Dynamics of Wildlife Populations

“A” Waterfowl populations are low due to physical and biological constraints. Use of wetlands by true marsh-dwelling species declined by 79% (spring surveys) and 41% (fall surveys) between 1968 and 1982. Octachlorostyrene in young-of-year shiners downstream of Lambton is greater than the 0.02 ug/g guideline for protection of fish-eating wildlife.

“A” Use of wetlands by true marsh-dwelling species declined between 1968 and 1982 due to loss of wetlands. Guidelines for the protection of fish-eating wildlife have been exceeded in shiners, gizzard shad, carp and walleye for PCBs and in shiners for octachlorostyrene. Effects of these exceedences are unknown.

“A” Preliminary study of waterfowl and amphibian populations in wetlands indicates no statistically significant differences between AOC and non-AOC sites (4 AOCs including St. Clair compared) except in the case of 2 amphibian species, which were less frequent in AOCs; significant additional study is required (Chabot, 1996).

Body Burdens of Wildlife

“B” Contaminant burdens of some organic compounds have been measured in turtles, muskrats, and ducks on Walpole Island. Non-migratory ducks (mallards and redheads) generally contain higher concentrations of organic chemicals than did migrating individuals. The impact on wildlife is unknown.

“B” Contaminants such organic chemicals and pesticides such as DDT have been found in snapping turtles, muskrats and ducks in the St. Clair Delta. The effects of these chemicals on wildlife are not fully understood. Research on body burdens and associated effects in wildlife is required for the Great Lakes.

“B” Contaminants in snapping turtle, mudpuppy, Forster’s tern, black-crowned night heron, and herring gull eggs and tissue remain above RAP contaminant yardstick levels for biota (CWS, 1997).

Fish Tumours and Other Deformities

“A” Existing data on external tumours or skin lesions (lymphocytosis and dermal sarcoma) for walleye from the AOC do not suggest a link to anthropogenic factors, but rather natural factors.

“A” There is growing consensus that there is sufficient evidence to suggest liver tumours are caused by chemical factors. For this reason additional studies are required. Results are pending.

“A”

Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems

“I” An abnormally high number of mouth-part deformities in chironomid species along the Ontario side of the river below the Sarnia industrial complex. No wildlife evidence of reproductive problems or deformities.

“I” Mouth part anomalies occur in some chironomid species but no evidence of bird or other animal deformities or reproductive problems has been reported.

“A” (Recommended change in status) Chironomid mouth-part deformity issues have been moved to “degradation of benthos”. Contaminant levels in snapping turtles, terns and mink are not suspected of having reproductive impacts (Martin et al, 2004; Weseloh and Jermyn, unpublished ).


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Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Degradation of Benthos Dynamics of Benthic Populations

“I” Benthic community health is good on the Michigan shore. In Ontario, data up to 1985 reveal that community structure is impacted beginning at 7km downstream from the Sarnia industrial complex and the impairment zone extends about 12km. The most severely degraded portion occurred at a 1km reach of the river beginning offshore of Dow Chemical. Bioassay studies undertaken in 1986 identified Cole Drain sediments as acutely lethal to minnows and mayflies.

“I” Benthic community health is good on the Michigan side of the river but, as of 1990, was “degraded” in several short segments along the Ontario shore for about half the distance identified from the 1985 survey. The “severely degraded” zone was not found in the 1990 survey.

“I” An increasing downstream invertebrate diversity density observed, reaching a steady state 20 km downstream of Sarnia; diversity higher in Ontario and densities higher in Michigan. (Harris, 1996). Benthic communities remain moderately to slightly impaired (LIS 1997). Additional studies (Beak int. Inc. 1996) confirm that benthic communities in these zones remain impaired and observed no improvement in these areas since 1985.

Body Burdens in Benthic Organisms

“B” Organic chemical concentrations were elevated in caged mussels exposed to Ontario shoreline discharges during 1986 relative to upstream locations. Uptake greatest between Dow Chemical and Suncor Inc. Contaminant body burdens found in macrobenthos and heavy metals in oligochaetes near Stag Island in 1983. Bioaccumulation of some organic chemicals in mayfly from sediments in 1986. Effects unknown.

“B” Several types of benthic organisms, including native clams, mayflies, aquatic worms (Oligochaetes) have been found to bioaccumulate various organic and inorganic chemicals. The effects of these chemicals on benthic organisms are required for the entire Great Lakes ecosystem.

“B” Chironomids mouthpart deformities require further study on species and contaminant specific dose-response (OMOE, 1997). Bioassay and sediment toxicity studies report contaminant levels above RAP yardsticks and PSQG lower and severe effect levels in priority 1 zones downstream of Sarnia industrial area (LIS 1997). Mortality, growth, and reproduction were adversely impacted.


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Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Restrictions on Dredging Activities

“I” Concentrations of certain metals, total PCBs, total Phosphorus, and oil/grease along the Ontario shoreline exceed PSQG and/or U.S.EPA guidelines for the Open Water Disposal of Great Lakes Harbour Sediments. Most exceedences occur along the Sarnia industrial waterfront to the Lambton Generating Station, and the mouths of Talfourd and Baby Creeks and the Murphy Drain. U.S. EPA guidelines for disposal of harbour sediments were exceeded for oil, grease, and certain metals.

“I” Similar to what was described in the Stage 1 document. Concentrations of total Kjeldahl nitrogen, oil and grease, and metals from the Michigan shore are considered moderately or heavily polluted by U.S. EPA guidelines and exceed OMOEE disposal guidelines of PSQG.

“I” Contaminant levels in sediment from Sarnia Harbour and the southeast bend cutoff channel in March 1996 exceeded RAP yardstick levels and PSQG lowest effect levels (Ecologistics Limited, 1996). Contaminant levels above sediment yardstick values continue to be recorded for certain metals total PCBs, total PAHs, TKN, total Phosphorus, and oil and grease.

Eutrophication or Undesirable Algae

“NI” Little work has been done on smaller phytoplankton; larger species are typical of oligotrophic waters.

“NI” The waters of the St. Clair river are mesotrophic and algae do not occur at nuisance levels.

“NI”

Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems Consumption “I”

Numerous closures have been reported for the Wallaceburg and Walpole Island WTPs and the City of Marysville, East China Township, Marine City, Algonac, and Old Club Water Filtration Plants in Michigan. Spill-related closures of WT/WF plants in Ontario and Michigan increase the costs to municipalities.

“I” Periodic closing of WT/WF plants in Michigan and Ontario as a result of chemical spills at upstream locations.

“ NI” (Recommended change in status) There have been no OMOE-issued drinking water advisories or water treatment plant shutdowns on the SCR since November of 1994 (OMOEE, 1997). Similarly, there have been no mandatory plant closures issued by the Michigan department of Environmental Quality “for the last several years” (MDEQ, 1997).


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Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Taste and Odour “I”

Elevated heterotrophic bacterial populations in the river water and sediments may adversely affect drinking water via taste and odour problems (OMOEE, 1990). The 1990 spill of ethylbenzene from Dow exceeded the Health and Welfare Canada objective for taste and odour at the Wallaceburg intake. Wallaceburg WWTP closures during chemical spills are associated with taste and odour.

“I” The Health and Welfare Canada taste and odour aesthetic objective for taste and odour for ethylbenzene was exceeded at the Wallaceburg WWTP during start-up following a spill in October 1990. Closures of the Wallaceburg WWTP intakes based on level II responses are based on factors including taste and odour concerns.

“ NI” (Recommended change in status) The delisting criteria are as that for the consumption impairment; there have been no water treatment plant shutdowns along the river since 1994.

Beach Closings “I” Swimming advisories lasting up to two months in duration were placed on at least five bathing areas on the Ontario side of the SCR during 1990 due to bacterial contamination in excess of the PWQO of 100 fecal coliforms/100ml. There are no reports of beach closings in Michigan.

“I” No beach closings occurred in Michigan in 1992-93, but several in 1994. Areas downstream of Michigan CSOs are impaired due to periodic discharge of inadequately treated sewage. In Ontario, five beaches were closed in 1990 for up to two months due to coliform bacteria levels which exceeded both Ontario and Michigan standards. Caution signs have been posted on Ontario beaches along the SCR.

“I” Bacterial levels above the RAP yardstick at several sites between Sarnia and the southern edge of Lambton County, in the mid 1990s, and on the Michigan side from 1993-97 (Harris, 1994; 1995, 1997; St. Clair County, 1997). Clay, Talfourd, Bowen and Baby Creeks are a significant source of contamination to the River, reaching levels above yardstick (LHU-OMOE 1994, 1995; MacKenzie, 1996).

Degradation of Aesthetics

“I” On occasion, floating scums, slicks, periodic spills, and objectionable odours are reported, mainly adjacent to and downstream from Sarnia on the Ontario side.

“I” Floating scums, oil slicks, spills and odours have been periodically reported.

“I” Some of the floating foam on the St. Clair River is bio-geologically derived (F. Kemp, City of Port Huron, personal communication, 1997). Objectionable surface films, foams, etc are still reported.


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Use Impairment 1991 Stage 1 RAP 1995 Stage 2- Recommended Plan 1997 RAP Stage 1 Update Added Cost to Agriculture and Industry

“I” Akzo Salt in Michigan and food processors in Ontario temporarily shut down their water intake from the St. Clair River due to a spills resulting in additional costs. There are also costs related to the confined disposal of contaminated sediments dredged for marine and construction purposes.

“I” Similar to the 1991 Stage 1 report.

“ NI” (Recommended change in status) There have been no water treatment plant closures or associated interruptions in water supplies to industrial users since 1994 (OMOE 1997; MDEQ, 1997).

Degradation of Phyto and Zooplankton Populations

“ NI” Phyto-and zooplankton populations are typical of southern Lake Huron.



Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat

“I” Wetland loss from Lake St. Clair including portions of the AOC lying within the delta (at least 5,252 ha in Michigan and 1,064 ha in Ontario). Much of the original shoreline has been filled and bulk headed, eliminated and/or altering the littoral zone resulting in loss of fish and wildlife habitat. Present day development pressures continue to threaten and impacts as a consequence of sediment quality issues have not been well documented. Fish and wildlife management goals are needed to help determine the degree of impairment and guide rehabilitation strategies.

“I” Habitat has been lost due to filling, draining, dredging, and bulk heading for industrial, urban, agricultural and navigational uses. Significant losses of wetlands have occurred particularly in the delta region of the AOC.

“I” Restoration targets have not been fully accomplished. There have been reports of clearing/draining of marsh and woodland by private landowners (Kanter, 1996).


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2.2 Progress Report Data Coverage The current “St. Clair River AOC-RAP Progress Report” consists of two parts, this Synthesis Volume (Volume 1) and an accompanying Technical Addendum (Volume 2). Together, these volumes provide an update on data and other information relating to progress toward the delisting of the St. Clair River and its major tributaries as an “Area of Concern”. The data and information summarized in this Progress Report represent the period from the 1997 Stage 1 Update through to 2003, with some data extending back before 1997. Information on industrial implementation actions for both Ontario and Michigan include the period from the last update report (1997) through 2003. The point source effluent loadings data for Ontario represent the period from as far back as 1995 to 2001. Information pertaining to compliance of municipal and industrial sources in Michigan relates to the period up to and including 1999. In Ontario, the most recent compliance information (MISA) is for 2001. Information on biota quality consists principally of data from Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS) studies conducted on snapping turtles, terns and mink in the St. Clair Delta during the 1990s and more recently in 2001. Tissue contaminant concentrations for walleye and white sucker were provided by the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. The 2003/2004 Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish and the 2001 Michigan Fish Advisory pamphlets were referenced for consumption advisories on sport fish species. The sediment quality section includes some dredge spoil analyses from samples collected in the South East Bend Cutoff Channel in the Delta in 2000, and the 2001 OMOE St. Clair River sediment core data. The recent removal of contaminated bottom sediments offshore from Dow Chemical Canada Inc. is one of the major steps taken in remediation of the highly contaminated sediment zones offshore of the Sarnia Industrial Complex. Environment Canada spatial data on mercury and PCB concentrations in suspended and bottom sediments is provided for the entire Huron-Erie Corridor. Water quality data includes results from Environment Canada’s on-going head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) surveys up to the year 2001 and ambient water quality data from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). The Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (SLEA, formerly Lambton Industrial Society) provided data for the on-going automated volatiles monitoring program for years 1997 through 2001. Spills data from Ontario Ministry of the Environment Spills Action Centre (SAC) are updated to 2002 with reference to the largest spills in 2003 and 2004. Air Quality data include emissions data from Canada’s National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) and the ambient air monitoring results as reported by the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association. U.S. Toxic Release Inventory information for Michigan is also provided.


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3.0 OVERVIEW OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER AREA OF CONCERN The St. Clair River serves as a strait connecting Lake Huron with Lake St. Clair. It flows in a southerly direction from Lake Huron and, prior to entering Lake St. Clair, the River divides into several channels creating an extensive delta known as the St. Clair Delta or St. Clair Flats. The Area of Concern (AOC) is comprised of a unique ecosystem with some of the richest and most diverse wetlands in the entire Great Lakes basin. The Stage 1 Remedial Action Plan defined the AOC as the entire river from the Blue Water Bridge to the southern tip of Seaway Island, west to St. John’s Marsh and east to include the north shore of Mitchell’s Bay on Lake St. Clair. This area encompasses Walpole Island First Nation’s Territory, which is comprised of St. Anne Island, Walpole Island, Pottawatomie Island, Squirrel Island, Bassett Island, and Seaway Island, which is a man-made island created from dredge spoils. Dickinson Island and Harsens Island are located on the U.S. side of the Delta. The Stage 2 Recommended Plan for the St. Clair River RAP identified the need to expand the scope of the RAP to encompass the immediate drainage basin of the St. Clair River in order to more comprehensively address the environmental problems defined in the Stage 1 RAP. For purposes of the RAP, the Stage 2 Recommended Plan broadened the study area to include St. Clair County in Michigan and the watershed areas of several tributary creeks on the Ontario side (Figure 1). The municipalities and major point source dischargers in Ontario and Michigan are illustrated in Figure 2. In Ontario, 78% of the immediate drainage area of the St. Clair AOC is agricultural and in Michigan, 68% is dedicated to agriculture. While urban areas such as Sarnia and Port Huron are home to a large number of people, a significant portion of the population remains in rural areas. A relatively small portion of the land bordering the St. Clair River is forested. There is a concentration of industry in the upper portion of the River between Lake Huron and Fawn Island, including petroleum refineries, organic and inorganic chemical manufacturers, paper companies, salt producers and thermal electric generating facilities. Two First Nations are situated along the Canadian shore – the Aamjiwaang First Nation (formerly referred to as the Chippewas of Sarnia) and the Walpole Island First Nation. The St. Clair River serves as a shipping channel for a number of industries and the broader Great Lakes Seaway system. It is also a source of cooling and process water for industry and thermal generating stations. It serves as drinking water for a population of approximately 170,000. The wetlands and associated open waters of the lower St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair comprise one of the most important wetland areas in the Great Lakes Region . The AOC supports 91 fish species, 20 species of amphibians, 25 species of reptiles, 250 species of birds and 60 mammal species (Stage 2 RAP Report). Currently, commercial fishing within the St. Clair River is considered negligible. Sport fishing, however, is popular on the St. Clair River, and hunting and trapping are significant uses, particularly for First Nations people living on the River. The River also supports a number of parks and areas affording recreational opportunities including swimming, boating and naturalist activities.


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Figure 1. The St. Clair River Area of Concern comprised by the river proper, Walpole Island First Nation Territory, and United States and Canadian watershed basins.


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Figure 2. Location of municipalities and major point source dischargers in the St. Clair River AOC.


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4.0 OVERVIEW OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER MANAGEMENT PROCESSES The United States and Canada have pledged their cooperation to restore the shared upper connecting channel AOCs and Lake St. Clair under the terms of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). The following section provides information on the Binational Governance Structure under the Four Agency Letter of Commitment that was signed on April 17, 1998, by Environment Canada, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. 4.1 Four Agency Framework of Roles and Responsibilities The Letter of Commitment identifies the roles and responsibilities of the Four Agencies for the three shared AOCs (St. Clair River, St. Mary’s River and Detroit River), details commitments and strategies and highlights the importance of leadership. Specifically, the Four Agencies will demonstrate their leadership through visibility, by empowering local leadership, by contributing to and facilitating implementation activities by recognizing successes, actively pursuing solutions to problems, helping to define research needs and gaps and facilitating the transfer of information and methodologies. The Four Agencies have developed a Compendium of Position Papers to explain how commitments made under the Letter of Commitment and the GLWQA will be applied to the shared AOCs. This compendium contains the 1998 Four Agency Letter of Commitment, the position papers, and the appendices (Compendium of Position Papers, 2000). The following administrative roles and responsibilities detail the commitments of the Four Agencies, while recognizing the national, provincial and state regulatory systems already in place.

• Individual agencies will focus their existing and new programs and resources to restore the shared Areas of Concern (AOCs) and will encourage other organizations to do likewise.

• To achieve the goals outlined in each shared AOC, the Four Agencies will cooperate on issues such as:

o data sharing and consistency o promoting standardization of environmental criteria o binational delisting criteria – including a binational process for delisting and a peer

review of the redesignation of beneficial uses and delisting of an AOC. This will ensure that the process is credible and scientifically defensible.

o monitoring – coordinate monitoring programs to maximize consistency and effectiveness, facilitate monitoring efforts to establish baseline conditions and track progress toward the restoration of beneficial uses.

o public involvement – maintain public interest in and awareness of local environmental quality issues, provide a continuing basis for broader community support for RAP implementation, and facilitate funding and partnership opportunities to restore AOCs.

o research o reporting progress – progress reports will focus on progress in implementation, update

technical information, assess progress towards achieving the delisting criteria, as well as highlighting progress towards achieving priorities.

o pooling resources


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4.2 Four Agency Letter of Commitment Structure To facilitate cooperation, the Four Agencies established a Four Agency Management Committee to ensure that the RAP proceeds in a timely, consistent manner and binational tasks are completed. A Four Agency Working Group ensures that technical issues are addressed, disputes are mediated, that state, provincial and federal resources are coordinated among the shared AOCs and that progress reports are issued in a timely manner. Ad-Hoc Technical Teams resolve technical issues and review RAP documents. The roles and responsibilities of the Four Agencies involve working in conjunction with stakeholders and lead agencies on activities such as:

• preparation, printing and distribution of Progress Reports; • support for and convening the biennial meeting; • binational communication; • binational public involvement and outreach; • coordinating development and review of binational delisting criteria, and • coordinating and facilitating monitoring to track progress toward delisting..

4.3 Role of Binational Public Advisory Council (BPAC) The BPAC continues to schedule regular meetings and functions to audit the implementation of the RAP, evaluate progress towards goals, objectives, and delisting, review the environmental monitoring results, provide advice on priorities and directions to the RAP Implementation Committee and its subcommittees, and to issue reports to the public which assesses progress on the RAP. This committee includes representatives from each of the sectors and a representative from the First Nations. 4.4 Remedial Action Plan (RAP) Implementation Structure The overall strategy for implementation of the St. Clair River RAP is to have recommended actions carried out directly by agencies, facilities, other organizations involved in development of the RAP and/or committed to specific actions, and the general public. To do this, a RAP Implementation Committees (RIC) will be established to complement the already existing BPAC. The RAP Implementation Committee will function as the focal point for coordination and implementation of the remaining actions in the St. Clair River AOC. The RAP Implementation Committee will:

• coordinate and facilitate RAP implementation activities, update problem definitions and restoration of impaired beneficial uses;

• initiate and respond to monitoring and research results/activities; • undertake data assessment and make remedial decisions/recommendations; • track progress and schedules relating to implementing remedial actions; • undertake educational activities; • produce short biennial reports, including update of problems, progress of remedial actions, further

recommendations, progress towards goals and objectives; • review and track agency programs, activities, regulations, and lobby, accordingly; • coordinative activities with all parties responsible for remediation, agencies and other

stakeholders, and • provide meeting minutes, data, updates, etc. to the BPAC and 4 Agency Management Committee

regularly and upon request.


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5.0 SUMMARY OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES TO 2003 This section summarizes the actions taken by Industry, agencies and municipalities to further restore the BUIs within the St. Clair River AOC as outlined in the 1995 Stage 2 - Recommended Plan and the 1997 Stage 1 Update. The information is presented according to point source (industrial and municipal) and sediment/habitat actions, with Ontario listed first followed by actions in Michigan. 5.1 Industrial Point Source Numerous Ontario and Michigan industries have implemented measures that address the recommended point source actions as detailed in the 1995 Stage 2 Recommended Plan. These actions include: reduced air emissions; significant upgrades to facilities; sophisticated monitoring systems; Environmental Management Systems; installation of River Separation Programs; and improved control over process water. Appendix 1 provides greater detail on the following Ontario and Michigan industries: ONTARIO: Basell Canada Inc. (formerly Montell Canada Inc.), Ontario LANXESS Inc. (formerly Bayer.), Cabot Canada Ltd., Dow Chemical Canada Inc., DuPont Canada Inc., Ethyl Canada Inc., Fibrex Insulation Inc., Imperial Oil Ltd., Ontario Power Generation Lambton Generating Station., NOVA Chemicals, Shell Canada Products, Sunoco Inc., and Terra Nitrogen. MICHIGAN: Crown Paper-Port Huron, Cargill Salt, Domtar (formerly E.B. Eddy), DECO St. Clair Plant, Marysville and Belle River. 5.2 Municipal Point Source ONTARIO Water Pollution Control Plants (WPCPs) in Ontario which discharge directly to the St. Clair River AOC are the Point Edward, Sarnia, Corunna and Courtright facilities. The Sombra and Port Lambton Lagoons also discharge treated sewage into the St. Clair River. Current updates on infrastructure improvements, plant upgrades, and improved operating practices are required for these plants. Data on effluent quality is also required for a full assessment of any improvements and to assess the biological, metallic and organic pollutant load to the River. City of Sarnia

In 1997, the City of Sarnia replaced the Devine St. and Wellington St. combined sewer overflows (CSOs) with holding tanks to allow containment of runoff from most storm events for routing through the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). In 2001, the City completed $30 million in STP upgrades to secondary treatment and upgrades and retrofitting of storm water management infrastructure are on-going. Current plans are in-place to replace two CSOs (Cromwell and Exmouth Streets) and are waiting funding. Future project includes installing sanitary sewers on Exmouth Street, East Street, Nelson Street and Collingwood Avenue, installing storm sewers on East Street and Nelson Street, installing a sanitary forcemain along Exmouth Street, and replacing watermains on Exmouth Street, East Street and Collingwood Avenue. Township of St. Clair

The Township of St. Clair (formerly the townships of Moore and Sombra) located in the County of Lambton also completed a sewage collection system with primary treatment. Investments made under the Canada-Ontario Municipal Rural Infrastructure Fund (COMRIF), are expected to improve wastewater


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infrastructure. Work includes improvements to the plants raw water pumping station, pre-treatment facility, aeration tanks and blowers, ultra-violet disinfection system and dewatering facilities. MICHIGAN There are five major Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) discharging to the St. Clair River form Michigan. These include the Port Huron, Marysville, St. Clair, Marine City and St. Clair County-Algonac WWTPs. City of Port Huron

In 1995, Port Huron replaced and upgraded the computer control system in the WWTP and the outfall was deflected up off the bottom to reduce toxicity. In 1996, the City initiated a $185 million project involving accelerated sewer separation, water distribution and lift stations. As of 1996, 57% of the City had full sewer separation between storm sewers and sanitary sewers. The WWTP facility installed two rotary screen thickeners in 1998, and subsequent to December 1, 1999, a new National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit required only monitoring for copper and zinc without setting discharge limits. By the end of 2001, five CSOs had been eliminated, with projected reductions in annual flows to the river down from 309 to 163 million U.S. gallons. The WWTP is currently undergoing $10 million in upgrades (over 5 to 6 years) which will include an additional 4 million gallon capacity to sludge storage tanks, which will replace sludge incineration with land application. Upgrades for the grit handling system and new odor control equipment are also being installed. City of Marysville

The City WWTP installed variable frequency drives in the raw sewage and the re-circulation pump area. Programmable logic controls were installed in the raw sewage pump control system and the re-circulation pump control system for the WWTP. In 2000, the WWTP was converted from chlorine gas to sodium hypochlorite in order to reduce the risk of accidental release to the community and environment. Additional upgrades to the WWTP are planned over the next 5 to 20 years, including the addition of underground sludge storage capacity and additional treatment units (primary clarifier, trickling filter and secondary clarifier). The WWTP underwent a sewer separation project. This resulted in the elimination of untreated combined sewage discharge from three outfalls to the St. Clair River. City of St. Clair

In 1996, the City of St. Clair completed a sewer separation project resulting in the elimination of untreated combined sewage discharge from 12 outfalls to the St. Clair River. Raw sewage pumps and controls were upgraded in 2001 and a sewer system evaluation survey was completed. The City replaced the Spring Street Pump Station with a higher capacity unit, and in 2002-03, added a 3.0 million gallon detention tank and an additional relief sewer and wet weather pumping station. Marine City WWTP

In 1992, a new secondary treatment facility with a concentric ring oxidation ditch with sludge thickening tanks went on-line for half of the plant; the remainder went on-line in 1993. The WWTP was converted from chlorine gas to liquid sodium hypochlorite in order to reduce the risk of accidental release to the community and environment. St. Clair River SA WWTP (East China/China Twp.)

Chlorine gas was replaced with liquid sodium hypochlorite in order to reduce the risk of accidental release to the community and environment. The Township also replaced most CSOs with retention tanks.


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St. Clair County WWTP

A total of $2.0 million U.S. was spent on improvements in 2000, including the extension of a 700 ft outfall into the main channel of the St. Clair River to provide adequate discharge mixing to meet water quality standards. The WWTP increased capacity and redesigned and reconstructed two main interceptor lift stations with increased capacity. In 2002, over $800,000 U.S. in upgrades were implemented, including construction of an additional 1.1 million gallon sludge storage tank and installation of emergency generators for interceptor lift stations. In 2003, a secondary treatment system was changed to a trickling filter process with added capacity ($2.7 million U.S.). 5.3 Non-Point Source/Habitat Actions Non-point source (NPS) pollution and habitat restoration programs are discussed jointly as these programs are funded and reported jointly and certain NPS programs also address habitat issues (i.e., riparian buffers). Actions related to terrestrial habitat restoration include ecological restoration of public and private lands through planting of native species, the purchase of degraded and natural habitats by public agencies and improvements to tributaries via naturalization and bank stabilization. Such actions have been the focus in the AOC since the release of the 1997 Update Report. The loss of aquatic and terrestrial habitat in the AOC is a key Beneficial Use Impairment with little or no improvement up to 1997. However, today successful stewardship programs for the restoration of terrestrial habitat, supported by both private and public funds, are active in Ontario. Much less information is available for Michigan non-point source control and habitat restoration programs and this gap in knowledge requires updating. ONTARIO In Ontario, much of the NPS and habitat improvement work has been performed by the Rural Lambton Stewardship Network (RLSN) and the St. Clair Region Conservation Authority (SCRCA) through funding from Environment Canada’s Great Lakes Sustainability Fund (formerly the Great Lakes Clean-up Fund) and from Dow Chemical Canada Inc. The RLSN has been active since 1999 in soliciting projects from local landowners. Proposed projects are reviewed by a committee of the St. Clair Stewardship Initiative which includes representatives of landowners, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Conservation Authority. Habitat and non-point source control projects are funded 50% and 30%; the landowner contributes the remaining funds. Non-point source control projects funded to date include the conversion of leaking septic systems to bio-filter systems, proper manure storage, fencing of streams to prohibit livestock use, conservation tillage, soil testing, benthic monitoring (tributary streams), and conversion of road and drain sides to natural corridors using native and prairie species. Wetland rehabilitation/enhancement, tree planting, riparian, prairie/meadow and forest habitat restoration and protection have been a major focus in priority areas of the watershed. Between 1990 and 2000, the Great Lakes Sustainability Fund has funded a total of 26 projects within the Ontario side of the AOC for a total of $1,382,580.00 (CDN). This value includes approximately CDN$345,000 in support funding to the St. Clair Stewardship Initiative. By the end of the 2002/2003 fiscal year, the following estimates in habitat-related projects had been achieved:

• Wetland rehabilitation (40.3 ha; 99.6 acres) • Prairie/meadow (77.1; 190.52 acres) • Forest Habitat (50.0 ha; 123.5 acres) • Riparian habitat (42.4; 104.8 acres)


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One of the largest projects funded through the Great Lakes Sustainability Fund is the McKeough Floodway Naturalization project. The floodway consists of a 610m earthen dam and a 7 km long by 68 m wide channel. The St. Clair Region Conservation Authority is converting land least suitable for agriculture to different types of wildlife habitat, including upland deciduous forest, Tallgrass Prairie, wetland, and old field. Although the project takes its name from the McKeough Floodway, planting has also been done on nearby public and private lands. The rehabilitation of 445 hectares (1,100 acres) of the Darcy McKeough Floodway is scheduled as one of the delisting criteria in the Stage 2 Recommended Plan for the restoration of “loss of fish and wildlife habitat”. At the end of 2003, a total of 135 ha (333 acres) were restored or enhanced at a cost of $291,300 CDN. Bickford Oak Woods in Lambton County, also known as Clay Creek Woodland, is a 308 ha (761 acres) Clay Plain upland/lowland forest complex with scattered wetland pockets representing swamp and slough characteristics. The woodland provides critical interior forest habitat for a diversity of Carolinian flora and fauna, some of which are rare and endangered. The Nature Conservancy of Canada and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, with funding support from several partners (including the St. Clair River RAP) and individuals acquired this site in 2002. The purchase and long-term management of the Bickford Oak Woods will ensure that this habitat is protected in perpetuity. In 1999/2000, the Canada Wildlife Service, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Ducks Unlimited Canada as lead agencies in the Eastern Habitat Joint Venture partnership, were instrumental in protecting 67.9 ha (168 acres) of wetland adjacent to the Chenal Ecarté and the CWS Bear Creek lands. Approximately 23.8 ha (59 acres) were already dyked and managed as wetland but required significant restoration work. The purchase also included 44.1 ha (109 acres) of farmed land. Of the farmed land, 25.1 ha (62 acres) land has been restored as managed wetland and much of the balance is planted with native grasses and used as a nursery for native grass seed production. The CWS owns the land and the lead partners cooperate on management issues. Restoration of this property was completed in 2001. Cooperative wildlife habitat initiatives with Industries have also been a focus, including the restoration of 3 ha of prairie at the Lambton Generating Station in 1998 (Ontario Power Generation). Dow Chemical Canada Inc. constructed new wetlands adjacent to Talfourd Creek. Clean clay fill was required to cap their Scott Road Landfill site. Rather than scraping soil from various sites, Dow employees, working with environmental consultants, designed an artificial wetland consisting of deep and shallow water areas and upland islands. Water is directed to the complex from Talfourd Creek and the filtered overflow water is redirected to the creek from the wetlands. The area has successfully attracted a wide range of wildlife including nesting birds, ducks, geese, turtles, raptors, and small mammals. Additional restoration activities undertaken in the AOC include: 8 ha (19.7 acres) tallgrass prairie restoration on Stag Island in1998/99 (also one of the delisting criteria in the Stage 2 Recommended Plan); 8 ha (19.7 acres) of re-naturalization along utility and rail corridors in the City of Sarnia (Wellington Prairie Project); forest, wetland and prairie restoration on 13.2 ha (32.6 acres) along County Road 31(Wilkesport Habitat Restoration); and a 9 ha (22.2 acres) restoration of a formerly drained wetland in the City of Sarnia (Brigden Road Wet Meadow).


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MICHIGAN There have also been actions that have addressed the loss of habitat in the Michigan portion of the AOC. These have been conducted under the auspices of the St. Clair Waterways for Wildlife Project, Friends of St. Clair River, and the St. Clair County Drain Commissioner’s office. The Waterways for Wildlife Project has worked to coordinate wildlife habitat enhancement, restoration and protection activities on private lands in both the U.S. and Canada since 1995. Efforts include organizing workshops, coordinating River Day activities, assisting schools with naturalization projects, facilitating partnerships to conduct habitat enhancement activities and organizing the Environmental Stewardship Awards recognizing outstanding habitat enhancement projects. Specific projects within the AOC include:

• Purchase of the Pine River Nature Center property in December 1998 includes over 32 ha (80 acres) of habitat along the Pine River. The project received a US$25,000 grant from the EPA to write a wildlife habitat management plan, conduct a plant and animal inventory, design and layout nature trails and prioritize stream banks for protection.

• Palms Elementary School in Fair Haven, restored 2.8 ha (7 acres) of tall grass prairie in 1999 (~US$2,000).

• Restoration of 12.1 ha (30 acres) of prairie at St. John’s Marsh in partnership with the MDNR and EPA’s Coastal Environmental Management Program completed in 1999 (~US$20,000).

• Designation of Indian Trail Park preserves over 12.1 ha (30 acres) of habitat in East China Township.

• BP St. Clair created a 2.0 ha (5 acres) wetland at its St. Clair terminal in partnership with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and Ducks Unlimited Canada.

The Friends of St. Clair is a volunteer organization developed to promote conservation, beautification and other environmental activities including assisting in the development and implementation of the St. Clair River RAP. A Steering Committee was formed in 1999 to administer a US$30,000 grant from the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Coastal Environmental Management program. The committee received grant applications from 24 land owners to undertake nine projects. A total of US$25,000 has been allocated to these projects which have a total value of over US$70,000. Projects include the installation of four experimental wetland septic systems, three stream bank erosion control projects, development of a conservation buffer and wetland enlargement around a failing pond, and dike stabilization and water control measures to mitigate declining water levels in a marsh. The latter project was undertaken in Kent County in Ontario. The Blue Water Task Force on Water Quality was formed in 1998 to address beach closings and other water quality problems in St. Clair County. It was a collaboration of county agencies, civic leaders and citizens, inspired by Macomb County’s Blue Ribbon Commission for Lake St. Clair. The Task Force was an outgrowth of the Macomb-St. Clair Intercounty Watershed Advisory Group, which began meeting in 1998 to work on water quality problems in Lake St. Clair. In 2001, the Blue Water Task Force disbanded after issuing a “Report and Recommendations”. Following one of its recommendations, the St. Clair County Board of Commissioners appointed a permanent Water Quality Board modeled on Macomb County’s Water Quality Board. The Macomb-St. Clair Advisory Group helped initiate a large number of grants from Clean Michigan Initiative and Section 319 federal funds. The following grants were awarded in 2000-2002:

1. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $297,629 for Illicit Connection Elimination Project to inspect county drains in the Anchor Bay and Pine River Watersheds to eliminate pollution outfalls (mainly failing septic systems).


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2. County Health Department: $297,718 for Illicit Connection Elimination Project to inspect road ditches, natural watercourses and perform enforcement in the same watersheds.

3. County Health Department: $25,000 to monitor St. Clair and Sanilac County beaches. 4. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $91,252 to develop an Anchor Bay Watershed Management

Plan jointly with Macomb County. The St. Clair River delta on the U.S. side of the AOC was included in the plan.

5. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $7,123 for the Mill Creek Volunteer Monitoring Project to study benthic macro-invertebrates in dredged versus natural parts of the creek.

6. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $12,500 to study the problem of failing septic systems in the Village of Emmett.

7. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $411,329 to design and construct an innovative wetlands wastewater treatment system for the Village of Avoca, which has a combined sewer system that discharges to Mill Creek without any treatment.

8. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $28,933 to fix erosion problems caused by cattle in the headwaters of the Pine River Watershed.

9. Drain Commissioner’s Office: $125,000 to study the effects of land use and hydrology on erosion and the geomorphology of the Pine River and its tributaries.

In 1997, the St. Clair County Drain Commissioner began working with the MDEQ to improve wetland protection enforcement in the county, which had been relatively weak. In 1999, the MDEQ provided more staff and resources for wetland protection in St. Clair and Macomb Counties. In 2000, the St. Clair County Metropolitan Planning Commission published a new County Master Plan based on extensive public input. It strongly advocates managing growth to protect the rural character, green corridors, natural features and environmental quality of the county. In 2001, the St. Clair County Department of Public Works, after an audit by the MDEQ, revived its Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control program and began devoting several full-time employees to enforcement and permit review. In 2002, the St. Clair County Health Department hired a full-time Storm Water Permit Coordinator. The Coordinator helped the county apply for a Watershed-Based Voluntary Storm Water Discharge Permit as an optional way to comply with new Federal Clean Water Act Phase II regulations, which require all medium-sized urban municipalities to obtain storm water discharge permits. The coordinator helps county agencies, townships and cities comply with permit requirements that include development of sub-watershed management plans throughout the county, public education programs, illicit connection elimination programs and Storm Water Pollution Prevention Initiatives. 5.4 Implementation Action Progress Summary The 1995 Stage 2 Recommended Plan identified contaminant sources associated with eight of the nine specific beneficial use impairment categories for the St. Clair River AOC and proposed 45 remedial actions related to water, sediment, biota, air, and habitat that were considered necessary to implement remedial actions leading toward delisting of the AOC. The federal, provincial and state governments supported the goals and objectives set forth and agreed that the recommendations accurately identified the remedial actions necessary for restoring the impaired beneficial uses. The implementation of recommended actions was supported by all stakeholders to enhance the success of remediation and cleanup efforts. It also identified agencies, industries and organizations responsible for the implementation as well as a proposed time frame.


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A summary of significant actions taken in the St. Clair River AOC as of mid-2003 and which relate to each of the recommended issues/actions are summarized in Table 2. Actions taken at industrial and municipal point sources are only listed for those facilities which were identified in the Stage 2 document as requiring remedial actions. The following codes indicate the “implementation status” found in Table 2: P partial implementation of remedial measures C full implementation of measures and attainment of RAP-identified goals AA measures carried out as part of another issue/action, as part of overall pollution reduction strategy,

or outside scope of RAP Stage 2 document D status as stated in RAP Stage 2 document is questioned NF attainment of RAP-identified goals not feasible due to incorrect classification, insufficiently

developed technology, excessive cost, or other NA not applicable


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Table 2. Significant actions, responsible agencies or facilities, proposed completion dates, and implementation status since the 1995 Stage 2 Document. ISSUE AGENCY/FACILITY 1995 STAGE 2

RECOMMENDED ACTIONS

1997 STAGE 2 IMPLEMENTATION STATUS

PROGRESS 0N IMPLEMENTATION UP TO 2003

POINT SOURCE Persistent and Bioaccumulative Substances

Cole Drain; Dow; Ethyl; Corunna WPCP Port Huron WWTP; Sarnia WPCP; St. Clair WWTP

1995 - determine whether meet or exceed yardstick 2000 - meet yardstick 2004 - virtually eliminate from discharge

City Of Port Huron WWTP * (D) City of St. Clair (C) City of St. Clair (P) Nova Chemical Canada Inc. (P) Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (P) Ethyl Canada Inc. (C)

LANXESS Inc. – isolated chemicals from river and diverted process and rainwater to BIOX Cole Drain remediation (C) Dow River – separation project (C) Dow - Scott Road discharge (C) Ethyl - eliminated one wastewater effluent Sarnia WPCP - secondary treatment (C) Port Huron WWTP - upgrades (P) St. Clair WWTP - mercury (P) MISA - control regulations in place for all Ontario industrial sectors.

Persistent, (Potentially Bioaccumulative) Substances

Dow; Ethyl; Corunna WPCP; Imperial Oil Refinery; Novacor (Corunna); Sarnia WPCP; Shell Canada; Suncor

1995 - determine whether meet or exceed yardstick 2000 - meet yardstick at end of pipe

City of St. Clair (C) Shell Canada (Information not available) Suncor Inc. (D, NF) Eso Imperial Oil (NF) Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (P) Ethyl Canada Inc. (C)

LANXESS Inc. – isolated chemicals from river and diverted process and rainwater to BIOX Cole Drain remediation (C) Dow River – separation project (C) Dow - Scott Road discharge (C) Ethyl - eliminated one wastewater effluent. Sarnia WPCP - secondary treatment (C) St. Clair WWTP - Hg minimization (P) MISA - control regulations for all Ontario industrial sectors.

Persistent Parameters (Not Bioaccumulative)

Sarnia WPCP 2000 - meet yardstick at edge of mixing zone

Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (P)

LANXESS Inc. – isolated chemicals from river and diverted process and rainwater to BIOX Sarnia WPCP - secondary treatment (C) MISA - control regulations in place for all Ontario industrial sectors.


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ISSUE AGENCY/FACILITY 1995 STAGE 2 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS



Non Persistent, and Non-Bioaccumulative Substances

Ethyl; Imperial Oil Refinery; Marysville WWTP; Polysar; Port Huron WWTP; Sarnia WWTP

2000 - meet yardstick at edge of mixing zone

Shell Canada Products Limited (C) Esso Imperial Oil (C) Chinook Group (C) Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (P) Ethyl Canada Inc. (P) LANXESS Inc. (C) LANXESS Inc. (NF)

Ethyl - eliminated 1 wastewater effluent stream. MISA - control regulations in place for all Ontario industrial sectors.

Source Discharges of Coliform Bacteria

MDNR (CSOs). All WPCP & WWTP; Municipalities

2005 - 50% reduction from Sarnia WPCP 2000 - all WPCP/WWTP effluents disinfected 2005 - completely eliminate from Sarnia WPCP

City of St. Clair * (P) Sombra Township (P) Government of Canada (AA)

Sarnia WPCP – secondary treatment (C) Sarnia WPCP - improved storm water management system (P) St. Clair Township – Sewage collection and primary treatment extended to Township.

CSO Elimination Port Huron; Marysville; Sarnia

2001 - Marysville 2005 - Port Huron and Sarnia

City of Sarnia WPCP (P) City of Port Huron WWTP (P) City of St. Clair (P) Suncor Inc. (AA) Montell Canada Inc. (C) Fibrex Insulation Inc. (P) City of Marysville (P) Government of Canada (AA)

Sarnia – two of four CSOs replaced Port Huron – five of 19 CSOs eliminated St. Clair – sewer separation has eliminated combined outflows to 12. Marysville - sewer separation has eliminated combined outflows to 3. St. Clair County Storm Water Permit Coordinator to facilitate county agencies, townships and cities comply with permit under Federal Clean Water Act Phase II regulations.


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Point Source Discharges to Air

RIC; All Sources; EPA

1994/95 - Inventory of atmospheric releases for all yardstick substances 1996 - develop means to define impacts

Esso Imperial Oil (C) Montell Canada Inc. (C) Detroit Edison (P) Lambton Gen. Station (C) Crown Vantage Mill (AA) Shell Canada Ltd. (AA) Amoco Canada Petroleum Ltd. (AA) Suncor Inc. (AA) Laidlaw Environmental Services (AA) DOW Chemical Inc. (AA) LANXESS Inc. (AA) Fibrex Insulations Inc. (AA) E.B. Eddy Paper Inc. (AA)

In 2001, Imperial Oil Products and Chemicals division, Sarnia Refinery, and Suncor Inc. (Sunoco Division) exceeded the legal allowable limits for hydrogen sulphide and gaseous Fluorides respectively. In 2002, there were no non-compliant facilities in the area.

Eliminate Spills All point sources 2000 All facilities (C) Government of Canada (AA)

Spill prevention and containment actions have reduced the spill frequency in the AOC. However, spills to the River have not been eliminated and two Sarnia area companies were fined in 2005 as the result of spills to the St. Clair River in 2003 and 2004. (P)

Pollution Prevention/Toxics Release Plan

All point sources not meeting yardsticks

December 1995

City of Sarnia WPCP (P) Esso Imperial Oil Other pollution abatement measures undertaken by: Shell Canada Products Limited; Suncor Inc.; Chinook Group; Dupont Canada Inc.; Montell Canada Inc.; Ethyl Canada Inc.; LANXESS Inc.; Fibrex Insulations Inc.; E.B. Eddy Paper Inc.; Lambton Gen. Station; Detroit Edison; Townships of Dover, Sombra; Lambton County (C)

The City of Sarnia has developed a comprehensive pollution prevention and control strategy that will reduce loads to the Sarnia waterfront and the St. Clair River from municipal outfalls.


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Setting new yardsticks and adjusting existing

MNDR; OMOEE

ongoing No Action Existing yardsticks continue to be utilized and require updating

Develop discharge permits on the basis of discharges already approved or under application and assess total mass loadings to the river.

MNDR; OMOEE

ongoing Crown Vantage Mill (C) MISA monitoring guidelines in place for all Ontario point sources Mass loading calculations not complete

Develop whole plant permitting system

MNDR; OMOEE

1994 and ongoing No Action Information not available

Elimination of discharges/ leachate to Cole Drain

All relevant point sources

2004 Amoco Canada Petroleum Limited (P) Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (P) Fiberglass Canada (P) LANXESS Inc. (P)

Cole Drain remediation (C)

Small business toxic reduction education

MNDR; OMOEE, Environment Canada

1993 and ongoing NIL Education programs have been conducted in the AOC although small businesses were not specifically targeted. (P)

Assess storm water impacts

All facilities; MDNR; EPA

1997/99 - Ontario 1995/96 - Michigan

City of Sarnia WPCP (NIL) Esso Imperial Oil (AA) ICI Canada Inc. (AA) E.B. Eddy Paper Inc. (AA) Lambton Generating Station (C) Detroit Edison (Marysville, St. Clair, Belle River Plants) (C) *

Storm water at industrial facilities has been assessed as part of the spill containment and prevention program.

Zero discharge All point sources To be determined - ongoing

Crown Vantage Mill (NF) Esso Imperial Oil (C) Cabot Canada Inc. (P) ICI Canada Inc. (C) E.B. Eddy Paper Inc. (NF) Lambton Generating Station (p) Detroit Edison (Marysville, St. Clair, Belle River Plants) (NF)

Not achieved; however, declining concentrations and load reductions of numerous contaminants at facilities due to improved source controls.


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NON-POINT SOURCE Watershed/Subwatershed Management Plans

MDNR; OMOE; OMNR; EPA; Environment Canada

1997-Draft Ontario and Michigan watershed plans

RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee, Watershed Improvement Plan

Habitat management, stormwater control, septic upgrades and agricultural programs are ongoing in Lambton County. St. Clair County -Storm Water Permit Coordinator to help county agencies, townships and cities comply with permit requirements that include development of sub-watershed management plans. St. Clair County Drain Commissioner’s Office initiated an Anchor Bay Watershed Management Plan jointly with Macomb County. The St. Clair River delta was included in the plan.

Urban runoff for new developments

Municipalities; Developers

1994 – enforce bylaws re: on-site pollution control 1995 – maintain natural areas 2000 – maintain hydrology

City of Port Huron (C) Lambton County (P) RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee (P)

Information not available.

Urban runoff for existing developments

Municipalities; Developers

2000 - construct on-site controls to remove pollutants

City of Port Huron (P) Information not available.

Link Urban/Rural storm water control through subwatershed plans

Municipalities; Conservation Authorities

1994 and on going Kent County (No Action) Subwatershed planning proposed for St. Clair County Michigan. (P)


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Reduce use of road salt and seek alternatives

Ontario and Michigan Transport Agencies; MDNR; OMOEE; Municipalities/Local Govt’s

1994 and ongoing Kent County (No Action) Sombra Township (NF)

A Code of Practice for the Environmental Management of Road Salts published under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. The Code is designed to help municipalities manage use of road salts that reduces harm to the environment while maintaining road safety. Michigan: Information not available.

Reduce use of lawn fertilizers and pesticides

Residents; Municipalities

1994 and ongoing Kent County (No Action) Sombra Township (NF)

Programs (inside and outside AOC) have increased awareness of residents.

Promote agricultural programs and technology to reduce contamination to rural runoff

OMAFRA; MDNR; Agriculture Canada; MDA; USDA/SCS

ongoing since 1993 Agriculture Canada (P) RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee (P)

Habitat improvement programs target stream bank stabilization and the creation of vegetated buffer strips along streams and drains in Ontario. St. Clair County - Drain Commissioner’s Office provided funding to fix erosion problems caused by cattle in the headwaters of the Pine River Watershed.

Protect existing natural areas and undertake remedial measures

OMOEE; OMNR; MDNR; Local Govt’s; Conservation Authorities

1993 and ongoing RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee (P)

Habitat restoration programs exist for Ontario and Michigan. In 1999, the MDEQ provided more staff and resources for wetland protection in St. Clair and Macomb Counties.


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Improved waste site planning and management

OMOEE; MDNR; Municipalities

5 year phase in – incentives for waste disposal; implement pollution prevention measures 1993 and ongoing – sites only accept waste designed to handle; secure monies to avoid abandonment; ensure proper closing of all bore holes and wells 1994 – BAT for new waste sites; up-to-date inventory of sites and site condition; licensed/insured/ bonded haulers 1995 and ongoing – improved accountability of waste disposal practices; properly cap closed sites determine extent of contamination of existing sites; monitor site conditions and shallow groundwater 2000 and ongoing – mitigate and remediate contaminated groundwater

RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee (P)

Dow – undertook remedial work in capping Scott Road Landfill and adding wetland filter. Sarnia Michigan Ave. landfill has been capped. Surface water sampling in the Ladney disposal site drainage ditch, Parker Drain and Marsh Creek was conducted as recently as November, 2003. Samples taken in the vicinity of the site and in Marsh Creek, both upstream and downstream of the site, revealed no detection of PCBs in the surface water. The results from a follow-up study that assessed the Canatara Landfill Site are required to determine the area, extent and degree of contamination.

Identify problems relating to domestic sanitary sources and ensure proper maintenance/repair

Municipalities; Residents; Public Health Authorities

1993 and ongoing Moore Township (P) Sombra Township (P) RIC Non-Point Source Steering Committee (P)

Individual septic systems are being repaired, upgraded or connected to local collection systems in Ontario.


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Correct direct discharges of untreated grey water

Municipalities; OMOEE; MDNR; U.S. and Canadian Coast Guards

1994 and ongoing No action It is legal for boats to discharge grey water. Rural U.S. and Canadian programs address bacterial contamination due to septic leaks.

Proper use and disposal of household hazardous wastes and product substitution / education

Municipalities; Residents

1994 and ongoing NIL Lambton and St. Clair Counties have established hazard waste depots.

SEDIMENT Complete sediment characterization studies

OMOWW; LIS; Environment Canada; Geological Survey of Canada; EPA; SEMI; MDNR; USACE

1994 – OMOE/LIS sediment characterization study 1995 – Priority 1 Zones follow-on sediment characterization studies 1995- review sediment transport mechanisms

LIS/OMOE and RIC Sediment Subcommittee (P) Government of Canada (AA)

Sediment characterization studies have been completed for all three impaired zones. Additional research (Benthic Assessment of Sediment) is being conducted by Environment Canada to supplement existing data.

Undertake in-situ pilot scale remediation

OMOE; LIS; Environment Canada; USACE

1996 – begin pilot studies

Dow Chemical Canada Inc. (C)

Pilot-scale remediation and downstream impact modelling has been completed.

Develop final remedial strategy

OMOE; LIS; Environment Canada; USACE

1998 RIC Sediment Subcommittee (P)

Dow Chemical Canada Inc. - remediation of Cole Drain sediment and 13,370 m3 of contaminated sediment completed.

HABITAT Develop and implement communications/education program and appropriate landowner guidelines

RIC; BPAC; EPA; MDNR; Environment Canada; EPA

1995 and ongoing OMNR, Lambton Stewardship Network,RIC Habitat Subcommittee, BPAC (P)

Lambton Stewardship Network, Friends of St. Clair, The St. Clair County Drain Commissioner’s Office, Waterways of Wildlife Project, and the St. Clair Region Conservation Authority – Implemented various educational programs and landowner contact.


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Strengthen wetland protection measures

Ontario and Michigan Legislatures; Environment Canada. EPA

1995 and ongoing Township of Dover (AA) Michigan – passed Marine Safety Act which disallowed the use of personal watercraft in the marshy areas of Lake St. Clair Flats. The Flats are the largest deltaic wetland system in the Great Lakes. St. Clair County Drain Commissioner began working with the MDEQ to improve wetland protection enforcement in the county. In 1999, the MDEQ provided more staff and resources for wetland protection in St. Clair and Macomb Counties. St. Clair County Metropolitan Planning Commission’s Master Plan advocates managing growth to protect the rural character, green corridors, natural features and environmental quality of the county. Ontario – Natural Heritage Policies issued as a Provincial Policy Statement under Section 3 of the Planning Act (1997) requiring municipalities to “have regard to “ the protection of “significant wetlands: designated Provincially Significant Wetlands.

Reduce ship wakes and surges and minimize impacts from winter shipping

U.S. and Canadian Coast Guards; MDNR; USACOE; USFWS

1994 and ongoing Coast Guard of Canada concluded that more stringent regulations were not required (NF).

Signage added to portions of the seaway channels through the St. Clair Delta


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Ensure protection of shorelines from erosion and protect/enhance /restore other natural habitats in watershed

MDNR; USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (Soil Conservation Service); OMNR; Landowners; Conservation Agencies

1994 and ongoing Crown Vantage Mill (AA) ICI Canada Inc. (AA) E.B.Eddy Paper Inc. (AA) Lambton Generating Station (AA) Detroit Edison (Marysville, St. Clair, Belle River plants) (AA) Kent County (no information) Township of Dover (AA) City of Marysville (P)

Over $2 million (Can) have been spent since 1990 on the development of habitat restoration and stream bank erosion programs.

Control/eradicate exotic species

OMNR; MDNR 1994 and ongoing Government of Canada (P) U.S. Federal Government (P)

Intake chlorine treatment to kill zebra mussels. Needs basin wide actions for most species.

Undertake habitat restoration and enhancement measures

OMNR; OMOEE; MDNR; RIC; Conservation Agencies; Environment Canada; EPA

1994-Stag Island; develop compatible mapping for Ontario and Michigan. 1994 and ongoing- maximize fish use of the delta; encourage maintenance/enhancement of riparian vegetation; implement and expand candidate site projects; acquire Harsens Island property; improve coordination among conservation/protection agencies; expand list of special status species.

IC Canada Inc.(AA) Lambton Generating Station (AA) Detroit Edison (Marysville, St. Clair, Belle River plants (AA) Sombra Township (AA) • MDEQ (AA)Rural Lambton Stewardship Network (AA) • St. Clair Region Conservation Authority (AA) • Walpole Island First Nation Heritage Centre (AA) Government of Canada (AA)

Environment Canada contributes funding to Conservation Authorities and Stewardship Initiatives for restoration programs. Funding contributed t the approximately 29% of the 440 ha (1087 acres) target for rehabilitation of the Darcy McKeough Floodway. Approximately 209 ha (516 acres) target for rehabilitation of upland and riparian habitat in Ontario achieved (however, this does not factor additional habitat which may have been lost)


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Develop long term habitat management plan and GAP analysis.

RIC; BPAC 2000 – Develop a long term habitat management plan for both Ontario and Michigan. Plan includes a GAP analysis that assesses needs related to maintain wildlife diversity.

Lambton County (AA) Government of Canada (AA)

Long-term habitat management plan developed and recommendations made for Ontario and Michigan. The plan ensures continuity, protection and rehabilitation of fish and wildlife habitat beyond the life of the RAP. The Management Plan requires implementation.

PUBLIC EDUCATION AND OUTREACH Develop and implement Public involvement program

RIC; BPAC

1994 and ongoing Information not available BPAC volunteers have organized a clean-up of Stag Island, helped sponsor a storm drain marking program by Girl Guides in Ontario and Girl Scouts in Michigan. Friends of St. Clair River/BPAC have involved the public through Eco days, St. Clair River Week, Envirofest, River Day, St. Clair River photo contest, logo contest, Environment Achievement Recognition Awards, SPAC conference.

Develop and implement public outreach and education program

RIC; BPAC

1994 and ongoing Information not available Environmental education programs established to put RAP information in the hands of teachers and students, creation of an interactive computer game about the St. Clair River RAP, sponsorship of an annual St. Clair River photo contest, and presentation of yearly environmental achievement awards and ongoing outreach through brochures, pamphlets, posters and presentations.

MONITORING AND RESEARCH Develop monitoring plans

RIC; BPAC 1995 Information not available ongoing

Complete GIS Analytical spatial database

RIC

1994 Information not available GIS database exists for watershed bordering Ontario side of St. Clair River.


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Implement monitoring Programs and update GIS database

RIC; LIS; All Agencies

1994 and ongoing Information not available Environment Canada Head and Mouth Surveys ongoing. SLEA monitoring also ongoing. GIS currently updated.

Acquire additional Information to Improve modelling accuracy

OMOEE; MDNR 1994 and ongoing Information not available ongoing

RAP IMPLEMENTATION Establish RAP Implementation Committee and PBAC

RAP Team; BPAC; OMOEE;OMNR; MDNR; Environment Canada; EPA

1994 BPAC formed in 1988 and continues to meet quarterly.

RAP Team formed in 1987; RAP BPAC formed in 1988 and continues to meet quarterly. Plans to re-establish a RAP Implementation are underway.

Complete implementation work plan

RIC 1995 Information not available To be completed by newly established RIC.


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5.5 Gap Analysis Point Source

It is apparent from Table 2 that while many of the 16 actions that address point source discharge to the St. Clair River have been acted upon in some way, several actions have yet to be fully addressed and need further consideration.

• Current reports detailing facility upgrades, in situ monitoring and water quality conditions that reflect yardstick objectives are required from industry facilities and municipal WPCPs, WWTPs and CSOs in order to make further recommendations;

• A review of the current science and further discussion on open water quantitative yardstick values and how they reflect specific water use goals and objectives are required to establish new yardsticks or adjust existing yardsticks. Where yardsticks do not exist for current contaminants of concern, experts should be involved in the determination of a suitable means for setting a yardstick;

• Total mass loading to the St. Clair River is absent from this report and requires further comment from the respective scientists;

• The development of whole plant permitting system requires consideration; • “Discharge” is defined as the introduction of polluting substances into receiving waters and

includes any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting or dumping. A current report from each industry relating to their policies, goals and attainment of zero discharge is necessary in order to fully address this action item. Zero discharge was identified as the ultimate goal in the Stage 2 RAP document. This goal has not been achieved due to the discharge of metal and organic contaminants by industrial/municipal facilities and occasional spills to the river.

Non-point Source

In regards to the actions that address non-point source contamination, a greater understanding of the types and extent of watershed and subwatershed management plans for both Ontario and St. Clair County in Michigan is required. Current information on municipal programs designed to reduce the use of lawn fertilizers and pesticides and control discharges of untreated grey water and suspended solids is required. The Stage 2 Recommended Plan identified two Ontario waste disposal sites as potential problem areas. The Ladney site, located in St. Clair Township at Highway 40 and Hill Street, was used up until the early 1960s for the disposal of industrial waste. The second site, located in Point Edward at Michigan Avenue and Front Street, was operated in the 1930s and 1940s for the disposal of industrial waste and is presently owned by the City of Sarnia. Both sites were used for waste disposal prior to the requirement to obtain approval under the Environmental Protection Act. Reports of oil like substances seeping from the Ladney Site into a drainage ditch that is connected to Baby and Talfourd Creeks prompted a hydrogeologic investigation of PCB contamination by Golder and Associates in 1994. Remedial actions were carried out in the 1980s and early 1990s to deal with seepage of oily substances. Action was taken by the Ministry of the Environment in 1994 to clean-up and secure PCB waste that was found on-site. An area in the southern portion of the site had been used by an undetermined party to deposit PCB contaminated capacitors and those materials and approximately 90 tonnes of soils from a localized area were excavated and securely contained on site. Surface water sampling in the site drainage ditch, Parker Drain and Marsh Creek was conducted as recently as November, 2003. Samples taken in the vicinity of the site and in Marsh Creek, both upstream and downstream of the site, revealed no detection of PCBs in the surface water.


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The Point Edward site is a closed and covered landfill site and is part of Canatara Park. In 1992, a site assessment by the City of Sarnia revealed the presence of diesel fuel below the surface of the ground, migrating along the south and west sides of the property. Remedial work was performed by the City of Sarnia and it is recommended that the City be contacted to provide information on the current status of these sites. Sediment

Contaminants in bottom sediments are derived from point and non-point sources. In turn, contaminated sediments act as a source to biota through re-suspension and bioaccumulation. A complete assessment of zones 2 and 3 is required in order to initiate the Canada – Ontario Agreement Sediment Framework Assessment and develop management strategies. Habitat

Many of the recommended actions pertaining to the BUI “loss of fish and wildlife habitat” have been addressed in some manner, ranging from the publication of educational brochures, to habitat enhancement, restoration and stream bank erosion programs. A current net quantification of habitat gained through these efforts is considered necessary in order to fully realize the progress made and to measure this against the established delisting criteria outline in the Stage 2 Recommended Plan. A quantitative analysis of habitat lost versus habitat restored or protected is also required. Although a binational habitat management plan was produced (Dutz, 1998), the author indicated that the area estimates for wetlands and riparian cover were not exact. This was due to the LANDSAT imagery ability to define the difference between “forest cover” and treed wetlands” and the true quality of many habitats are unknown until on the ground evaluations occur. Furthermore, the protection status on many areas is unknown and thus the degree to which biodiversity is represented is uncertain. Both short- term and long-term recommendations for habitat management were provided in the plan; however, many of these require implementation. The loss of fish and wildlife habitat, including wetland and nearshore habitat within the AOC, was summarized in the 1991 Stage 1 document. As such, consideration should also be given to developing an aquatic habitat management plan. Emphasis is lacking in the control of exotic species and although a long-term habitat management plan has been developed, its implementation status is unclear. Further habitat related information is required from both Michigan and Ontario watersheds. RAP Implementation

The St. Clair River Binational Public Advisory Council (BPAC) has had broad community representation and has worked cooperatively with government, industry, municipalities and all interested community groups in addressing environmental issues in the river. The BPAC has recently expressed concern about their declining base of community representation and the emphasis on public outreach is deemed necessary to increase public participation. There is currently no RAP implementation committee (RIC) for the St. Clair River AOC; however, plans are underway for the re-establishment of a Canadian committee.


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6.0 TRENDS AND CONDITIONS This section provides a summary of recent trends and conditions within the AOC pertaining to water, sediment, biota, air, and effluent quality. This information is critical to determine the Beneficial Uses Impairments status within the AOC in Section 7.0. The following is a review of the key findings and results presented from a variety of studies and monitoring programs. The Technical Addendum (Volume 2) to this synthesis report provides more detailed summaries of many of the studies or programs along with key data tables and graphs. 6.1 Water Quality The principal information sources pertaining to water quality in the St. Clair River or its tributaries are the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) monitoring station (Courtright) maintained by the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (SLEA, formerly Lambton Industrial Society), the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) surveys and the spatial contaminant trends monitoring in the St. Clair/Detroit River Corridor of Environment Canada (Chan, 2001), and the temporal and spatial trend monitoring in the St. Clair River (and other connecting channels) done by Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association Organic Volatiles Monitoring

The water quality monitoring station maintained by SLEA (see Ortech 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001) collects between 8,526 and 8,642 hourly samples each year. With the measurement of 20 different compounds (primarily VOCs), this results in over 175,000 analyses annually. It is not possible to directly compare the number of results greater than the method detection limits (MDLs) for all the years of operation due to the implementation of lower MDLs in May 1991 and September 1995. In spite of this, the total number of detections has remained relatively low given the total number of samples collected and analyzed. In recent years, only about 1 to 1.7% of analyses had concentrations above their respective MDLs. The highest frequency of detections is found with toluene and benzene. Some or most of the toluene is believed to be derived from pleasure boating as the concentrations generally peak during weekends. SLEA has established limits for individual parameters which, if exceeded, would trigger a notification being issued to OMOE. During 1997, no result equaled or exceeded trigger levels; perchloroethylene exceeded its trigger level in 1998, but no parameters exceeded trigger levels in 1999 or 2000. In 2001, the limit was exceeded in 28 samples but all during two specific events. Xylene peaked to 1.2 ppb during a rainfall episode in late October. In late November, benzene peaked at 2.83 ppb due to the discharge of hydrocarbons from a cooling system. Peak values for both parameters were below applicable drinking water standards and no downstream water treatment plant closures were necessitated. Temporal Trend Data for the St. Clair River (Head and Mouth Survey) – Environment Canada

One of the most complete and continuous contaminant data sets for the St. Clair River has been collected by Environment Canada. Water and suspended sediment samples are collected at two stations, one upstream (Point Edward) of the Sarnia industrial complex and the other downstream (Port Lambton) at the mouth of the river. Samples have been collected up to two times per month (approximately 20/year) since 1986/87 and analyses include a wide range of nutrients, metals and organic contaminants. Graphical results are provided for water concentrations of three metals (copper, cadmium, lead and zinc) collected from the St. Clair River from the beginning of the program through to 2000 (Figure 3). Over this period, method detection limits have remained constant and all values less than the detection limit


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were assigned a value of zero and plotted on the graphs. While Environment Canada continues to monitor water quality parameters at both stations, information is presented up to 2000 as data past this date are not comparable with earlier data due to differences in analytical methodology. The temporal trend in copper concentrations (Figure 3a) shows greater variability at Point Edward than at Port Lambton, with concentrations at Port Lambton occasionally exceeding the 5 ug/L yardstick. Only five values for cadmium were above the detection limit at the downstream station in the early 1990s; however, concentrations were below the 0.5 ug/L yardstick value (Figure 3b). Lead concentrations (Figure 3c) in St. Clair River water show little difference between sampling stations with no apparent temporal trend. Lead concentrations frequently have been above the 2.9 ug/L yardstick. In contrast, zinc concentrations in water have no exceeded the 30 ug/L yardstick value and are near the method detection limit Mean concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) and octachlorostyrene (OCS) are presented in Figures 4a through 4c and represent concentration trends over time (1984-2000). Dissolved phase hexachlorobenzene concentrations (Figure 4a) tend to be higher at Port Lambton relative to Point Edward indicating sources along the St. Clair River. Concentrations of HCB have decreased with time, with larger decreases observed at Port Lambton. The most recent sampling results indicate that concentrations are near the 0.04 ng/L method detection limits. Mean dissolved phase HCBD concentrations (Figure 4b) at Port Lambton were as much as two orders of magnitude higher than at Point Edward at the beginning of the sampling period, suggesting inputs from sources along the River. There is no discernable downward trend at Point Edward, but concentrations have decreased over time at Port Lambton. Octachlorostyrene is not readily detectable in the dissolved phase, thus suspended sediment data is presented (Figure 4c). Octachlorostyrene concentrations were detected only at Port Lambton, indicating continued inputs. Concentrations have decreased over time but remain above the 2.7 ng/g detection limit.


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Figure 3a. Copper concentrations in water collected from head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (source: C.H.Chan, 1998-2000).

Figure 3b. Cadmium concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000).

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Figure 3c. Lead concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000).

Figure 3d. Zinc concentrations in water samples collected from the head (Pt. Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (source; C.H. Chan, 1988-2000).

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Figure 4a. Hexachlorobenzene in water samples collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River. Mean (Maximum Likelihood Estimate ± 90% Confidence Interval) dissolved phase concentrations (ng/L) of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) at the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; April 1987 – March 2000; detection limit = 0.04 ng/L).

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Figure 4b. Hexachlorobutadiene in water samples collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River. Mean (Maximum Likelihood Estimate ± 90% Confidence Interval) dissolved phase concentrations (ng/L) of hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) at the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; April 1987 – March 2000; detection limit = 0.04 ng/L).

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Figure 4c. Octachlorostyrene in suspended sediment collected from the head (Point Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River. Mean (MLE ± 90% CI) suspended sediment phase concentrations (ng/g) of octachlorostyrene (OCS) at Port Lambton (from C.H. Chan; April 1987 – March 2000; detection limit = 2.7 ng/g). OCS was not detected in the suspended sediment phase at Point Edward. Spatial Contaminant Trends in Water from the St. Clair/Detroit River Corridor – Environment Canada

In addition to the Head and Mouth survey data, Environment Canada has collected whole-water samples from sites throughout the St. Clair/Detroit River Corridor. These samples were analyzed for metals including mercury and organic compounds such as PCBs. Mercury concentrations in the St. Clair River-Detroit River corridor, based on 2001 and 2002 data from the above studies are illustrated in Figure 5. Whole-water mercury concentrations in the upper portion of the St. Clair River were below the most stringent guidelines for protection of wildlife. In the lower portion of the river, concentrations were consistently above the guidelines on the Canadian side and intermittently above the guidelines on the U.S. side. Concentrations at the outlet of Lake St. Clair were higher than those found at the St. Clair River downstream sites. In the St. Clair River – Detroit River corridor overall, the highest mercury concentrations were found in the lower Detroit River with concentrations increasing 12-fold, when compared to levels found at the Lake Huron outlet. Whole water total PCB concentrations (Figure 6) increased from Sarnia to Port Lambton (119 pg/L to 207 pg/L), but were much lower than the 6670 pg/L measured in water from the lower Detroit River. Temporal and Spatial Trend Monitoring in the St. Clair River Corridor – Michigan Department of Environmental Quality

The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality has monitored ambient water quality conditions in the St. Clair River since 1998, in order to assess spatial and temporal trends of toxic and conventional pollutants. Water quality samples have been collected at the head and mouth of the river on a monthly basis during the period of April to November each year.


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Michigan’s recently released report on water quality monitoring in the connecting channels provides the following summary of spatial and temporal water quality trends in the St. Clair River: “Total phosphorus concentrations have declined from concentrations measured in the 1980s. Recent data indicate no trend in most nutrient parameters, with the exception of a decreasing trend in total phosphorus concentrations. Total phosphorus, orthophosphate, ammonia, and nitrite concentrations were higher at the downstream station. Seasonal fluctuations were apparent in most of the nutrient parameters. Due to seasonal fluctuations, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the St. Clair River ranged between 7.4 and 13.4 mg/L, and demonstrated an increasing trend with time. No statistically significant difference between upstream and downstream concentrations was observed.” (Great Lakes Environmental Center and Limno Tech, 2005). There was a definite increase (similar to Detroit River) in most metals concentrations analyzed in the St. Clair River in the latter part of 1999. Metals concentrations generally decreased in 2000, and then were variable between 2001 and 2003. The elevated metals concentrations measured throughout the study appear to be related to elevated suspended solids concentrations. Review of the data and other information about dredging activity or other possible sources of sediment disruption, and point and non-point source loadings, could provide insight as to why metals concentrations were elevated. Most metals concentrations had a decreasing trend with time, except zinc, which had an increasing trend in concentration. Several of the metals, including chromium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc showed a statistically significant increase in concentration downstream compared to the concentrations measured upstream.


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Whole-Water Mercury 2001MDEQ WV value< 1.3 ng/L

> 1.3 ng/L

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Detroit River

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Bowens Creek

Figure 5. Mercury concentrations in sediments and water in the St. Clair/Detroit Corridor. (Source: Environment Canada)


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Sediment total PCBs ng/g0.0 - 34.1

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Detroit River

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Figure 6. Total PCB concentrations in sediment and whole water in the St. Clair/Detroit Corridor. (Source: Environment Canada)


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6.2 Sediment Quality Since the 1997 Update Report, much of the bottom sediment and benthic quality work has focused on sediment characterization of the known contaminated zones offshore of the Sarnia industrial complex. This work has focused on three activities, 1) sediment toxicity testing, 2) the development of an integrated sediment quality index, and 3) physical sediment studies and modeling. Additional data have been obtained relating to dredge spoil (bottom sediment removed to improve navigation) characterization of samples collected in the Southeast Bend Cutoff Channel in 2000. Current consumption restrictions for St. Clair River fish and consumption advisories on wildlife species are a result of the elevated mercury, total PCBs, octachlorostryene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). Elevated contaminant concentrations in sediment can also have negative effects associated with fish tumours and deformities and restrictions on dredging. Sediment survey results for metal and organic contaminants from the Michigan shore were not available at the time of this report. Sediment Characterization Offshore Sarnia Industrial Complex

A RAP Sediment Committee comprised of agency and BPAC members and invited experts prepared an integrated sediment assessment approach for the St. Clair River in 1993 (Farara and Burt, 1997). The approach was intended to facilitate decisions respecting the most appropriate means to deal with the contaminated sediments. Studies by the Ministry of the Environment, Environment Canada, the University of Windsor’s Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research and the Sarnia Lambton Environmental Association were designed to assess and integrate findings from the physical, chemical and biological monitoring, to establish priorities for remediation, and to evaluate remedial options including natural recovery (do nothing), in-situ treatment, capping, and removal. This approach was intended to provide a better understanding of the size and extent of the zones of contamination, local effects on biota, sediment dynamics and, through modelling, the effects of contaminated sediments on down river water quality. Although all participants shared the objectives of the RAP Sediment Committee, different perspectives concerning the decision-making process being followed and the interpretation of data resulted in difficulties in achieving consensus on the final approach to remediation. In order to advance the goal toward remediation, the Ministry of the Environment and Environment Canada (EC) undertook direct discussions at senior levels among the regulatory, approving, and implementing agencies outside the RAP process. This approach had also been utilized for other contaminated sediment projects. In June 2000, at Dow Chemical Canada Inc.’s initiative, MOE senior management met with Dow representatives to discuss a proposed work plan for addressing sediments contaminated by historical operations at Dow. In March of 2001, Dow formally announced that it would undertake a sediment remediation program of sediments contaminated by historical operations at Dow. The area of highest priority for remediation included an area roughly the size of a city block located directly adjacent to the company’s former First Street outfalls. Dow closed these outfalls between 1986 and 1993 as part of the larger program to eliminate the potential for any adverse impact on the environment. During 2001, Dow gathered additional information to determine the possible remedial options that would result in minimal impact on downriver water quality and could be implemented safely. A team of independent technical experts were assembled. Additional investigations of lower priority zones were undertaken in 2001 and remediation work in high priority zones commenced in 2002. In 2003, Dow Chemical Canada Inc. completed the first two phases of sediment removal from the St. Clair River in the area adjacent to its Sarnia plant site. Upon completion, 13,370 m3 of bottom sediment contaminated with mercury was removed. In the process, about 60 million gallons of river water was


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collected, treated to drinking water quality and discharged back to the St. Clair. Through laboratory analysis, the sediment was characterized as non-hazardous material and is being removed to a landfill. A portion of the sediment was left on site to form a dividing berm in the sediment holding pond. Water quality monitoring, as approved by the Ministry of Environment, was ongoing throughout the project, detecting no adverse impact on river drinking water quality or clarity. A comprehensive communications program supported project planning and operations, enabling local community and downstream stakeholders on both sides of the St. Clair River to be informed and consulted. The third and final phase was completed in 2004 and addressed the sediments contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds. With the completion of this third phase, sediment contamination within the highest priority area of the river has been addressed. Dredge Spoil Contaminant Concentrations

Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) released a maintenance dredging report relating to works in the Southeast Bend Cutoff Channel located in the lower Walpole Island delta (PWGSC, 2001). This report focused on environmental protection measures and general procedures utilized in their on-going maintenance dredging program for the channel. The report also included the results of contaminant concentrations in dredge spoil samples in May and July of 2000. In the May 2000 survey, a total of 16 samples were analyzed for metals and nutrients (silver, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead, zinc, phosphorus, total organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN- nitrogen in the form of organic proteins or their decomposition product ammonia), oil and grease, NH3-N and CN) as well as a wide range of pesticides, total PCBs and industrial compounds hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and octachorostyrene (OCS). Ten samples were also analyzed for a range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In the July survey, a total of 12 samples were analyzed for the same suite of parameters. There were few exceedences of either the Ontario Sediment Quality Guidelines or the St. Clair River RAP yardsticks. Samples collected in the May survey exceeded RAP yardstick values for mercury (one sample), TKN (four samples), HCB (three samples), manganese (one sample), and phosphorus (one sample). Organochlorine pesticides and PAHs were below detection limits. Low concentrations of some PAHs were detected (phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene). Hexachlorobenzene and octachlorostyrene were detected in few samples. Fewer detections and exceedences were recorded in results of analyses of the July 2000 survey. There were no detections of octachlorostyrene or hexachlorobenzene and only two PAHs were detected in one sample (phenanthrene and pyrene). Exceedences were found for mercury (1 sample), TKN (1 sample), and total PCBs (two samples). St. Clair River Sediment Core Results

Sediment samples (surficial and core samples) collected in 2001 by the OMOE from just south of the Dow Chemical Canada Inc. property line (zone A) and sites adjacent to and downstream of Suncor and opposite Stag Island (zone B) were tested in order to assess sediment management options. Results showed that approximately 5% of zone A had surficial mercury (Hg) concentrations exceeding the 1 mg/kg MOE-recommended sediment clean-up target and 30% of zone B had Hg concentrations ranging from 2 to 9.30 mg/kg. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) concentrations exceeded the recommended target of 220 ng/g over 43% of zone A and about 4% of zone B. Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) concentrations were lower than the established criteria of 3500 ng/g within both assessed zones. Their values ranged from 52 to 1600 ng/g within zone A, and from 7 to 610 ng/g within zone B.


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Octachlorostyrene concentrations ranged from 14 to 160 ng/g within zone A and from 3 to 150 ng/g within zone B. Octachlorostyrene concentrations exceeded the 20 ng/g target throughout 91% of zone A and 80% of zone B (OMOE, 2003). Spatial Assessment of Sediment Contaminant Concentrations in the St. Clair River

Several Environment Canada studies that assess contaminants in sediments have been initiated and include suspended sediment sampling in the St. Clair River-Detroit River corridor, bottom sediment surveys in Lake St. Clair and bottom sediment sampling of tributaries that drain directly into the Canadian shoreline of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River. Mercury contamination in the aquatic environment of the corridor is a major concern. Bacteria and chemical reactions in lakes and wetlands change the mercury into a much more toxic form known as methyl mercury. Fish become contaminated with methyl mercury by eating plankton and smaller fish which have accumulated methyl mercury. Concentrations in suspended and bottom sediments collected from the St. Clair-Detroit River corridor are based on a composite of 2001 and 2002 data (Figure 5). Mercury concentrations in suspended sediment appear to be relatively constant throughout the St. Clair River but higher in the South Channel. By contrast, mercury concentrations in surficial bottom sediment collected at the mouths of tributaries ranged from 0.170 ug/g to greater than 1.0 ug/g between Bowens and Talfourd Creeks. These data are more representative of inputs from upstream sources rather than the St. Clair River. Polychlorinated biphenyls can also be taken up by fish and wildlife from the St. Clair River AOC. Concentrations of total PCBs were detected in suspended and bottom sediments of the St. Clair River and delta up to 70.0 ng/g. No trend in concentration was observed from the upper to lower reaches of the AOC. Suspended sediment and bottom sediment concentrations in the St. Clair River and Lake St. Clair were modest in comparison to levels in the Trenton Channel (lower Detroit River) (Figure 6). Industrial organic and mercury concentrations in surficial sediment samples collected from tributaries of the St. Clair River that exceeded provincial or federal sediment quality guidelines (Appendix 2) are provided in Table 3. Table 3. Organic chemical and mercury concentrations (ng/g) in surficial sediment samples collected from St. Clair River tributaries that exceeded sediment quality guidelines. p,p’-DDE γ -HCH PCB OCS HCB Total PAHs Hg Talfourd Creek 40 (>TEL) 8 14 4363 (>LEL) 1180 (>PEL) Clay Creek Baby Creek 50 (>TEL) 5 6 296 (>TEL) Bowens Creek 14 23 (>LEL) 915 (>PEL) Running Creek 11 13 315 (>TEL) LEL, lowest effect level; PEL, probable effect level; TEL, threshold effect level 6.3 Biota Quality Since the 1997 Update Report, research and monitoring of biota quality has been focused on benthic communities as they reflect sediment contamination zones, the Ontario and Michigan sport fish contaminant monitoring programs and on studies of selected wildlife species on Walpole Island. The degradation of benthos, specifically “dynamics of benthic populations” is listed as impaired, and “body burdens in benthic organisms” requires further assessment on a site-specific basis. Several contaminants


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including mercury, PCBs, HCBs, and OCS contribute to the need for further assessment on a Great Lakes or a St. Clair River basis for both “body burdens in fish” and “restriction on wildlife consumption”. Elevated contaminant body burdens may also result in fish tumours and other deformities and bird and animal deformities or reproductive problems. Sediment Effect Studies on Benthos and Fish

An assessment of the biological effects of sediment contaminant loads is necessary in any potential remediation strategy and also addresses the BUI “degradation of benthos”. The available data which quantifies the relationship between biological and sediment chemistry data for the St. Clair River includes sediment chemistry from cores (Farara and Burt, 1997), laboratory sediment bioassay results for juvenile fish and invertebrates (Bedard and Petro, 1997), benthic invertebrate community assessment (Farara and Burt, 1997), bioaccumulation data for in-situ invertebrates (Kauss, 1997), laboratory bioassays for fish (Bedard and Petro, 1997) and caged mussels (Kauss, 1999). The above studies integrated a range of organisms at different trophic levels of the St. Clair River aquatic ecosystem and examined effects at the individual and community level. The most significant relationships were found between invertebrate (oligochaetes, chironomids, and mayflies) and fish (juvenile fathead minnows) contaminants and surficial sediment contaminants (Hg, HCBD, HCB, OCS, PCBs) demonstrating the extent of bioaccumulation. Sediment mercury contamination also impacted tubificid (a type of worm inhabiting bottom sediments) population density. The relationship between concentrations in caged mussels and sediments was weak owing to the route of contaminant exposure through water and the high proportion of plankton in their diets. Sediments from many sampling stations were toxic to test organisms in laboratory experiments; however, mortality was not correlated with sediment contaminant concentrations, except for a sub-set of stations along the Dow nearshore (Bedard and Petro, 1997). A BEnthic Assessment of SedimenT (BEAST) methodology is currently being applied by Environment Canada scientists to 16 upstream and downstream locations adjacent to industrial sites in the St. Clair River. The BEAST methodology will further address the concern over mercury biomagnification and involves the assessment of sediment quality based on the physical and chemical attributes of sediment and overlying water, benthic invertebrate community structure, sediment toxicity tests and invertebrate body burdens. Contaminant concentrations in biota provide evidence of bioavailability and can be used to assess the risk to higher trophic levels due to biomagnification. Integration of these lines of evidence and study results are pending further analyses and will be used to address sediment characterization/remediation. Sport Fish Contaminant Monitoring Programs

The Michigan Guide (2001 Fish Advisory) is prepared by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH). It reports fish advisories due to mercury and PCBs in carp, freshwater drum, and gizzard shad, and due to levels of PCBs in walleye. The Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish (2003-2004) is prepared jointly by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Consumption advice for each species is based on health protection guidelines developed by Health Canada. Information on the St. Clair River in the guide is based on 1999 fish collections. It advises against consumption of several fish species in the upper, middle and lower St. Clair River as a result of concentrations of mercury, PCBs, dioxins and furans, chlorinated benzenes, pesticides, and/or mirex. Species include walleye, northern pike, rock bass, carp, white sucker, and redhorse sucker throughout the river as well as lake trout, chinook, freshwater drum, yellow perch, and gizzard shad in some locations. Concentrations of PCBs in walleye and white sucker exceeded the 2.5 ng/g yardstick.


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Elevated mercury concentrations continue to be found in walleye sampled from the St. Clair River, with larger fish containing the highest body burdens (Figure 7). The data also reveals that St. Clair River walleye have exceeded the 0.5 ug/g RAP biota yardstick as recent as 1999. Walleye sampled from the upper and middle sections did not exceed the RAP yardstick in 2003; however, data were not available for the lower River. Trend information on mercury in St. Clair River walleye (39-51 cm) indicates a high degree of variability (Figure 8). While walleye sampled from the upper River have experienced a general reduction in tissue concentration between 1985 and 1999, a slight increase was found in 2003. Mercury concentrations in walleye from the middle and lower portion of the River are variable and show not trend over time. In general, the temporal data for the entire St. Clair River suggest that mercury concentrations in walleye have not decreased significantly. Consumption advisories continue to be placed on most of the above mentioned fish species from other areas of the Great Lakes Basin including fish from open water; so advisories are not unique to the St. Clair River. Additional contaminants information is provided in Appendix 5 of the Technical Addendum.


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Figure 7. Association between mercury concentrations in walleye tissue and body length. Solid data points represent walleye sampled in 1999 that exceeded the RAP yardstick.

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Figure 8. Temporal trend in total mercury concentrations in walleye (39-51 cm) sampled from the St. Clair River between 1976 and 2003. Lines indicate standard error. (Source: OMOE)


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Histology of Fish Livers

An elevated prevalence of liver cancer in fish populations from Great Lakes tributaries caused tumors to be among the BUIs in Appendix One of the 1987 Protocol Amending the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement of 1978. Liver samples from 63 fish representing 17 species from different trophic levels were evaluated using histopathological criteria by the University of Guelph (Hayes, 2002). This beneficial use is considered impaired when “the incidence rates of fish tumors or other deformities exceed rates at control sites”. No neoplasms were found in any of the liver samples examined. One carp assessed from the Sarnia Bay station had several altered foci of the type observed in some fish species from locations where liver cancers occur; liver neoplasms are rare in carp in other surveys. Thus, there is a possibility that these lesions might have been generated by exposure to mutagenic insult. In some species such as walleye, however, these lesions occur spontaneously regardless of habitat. Several fish had small granulomas often with various larval parasites. Some of these might have appeared grossly as tumours; however, these are all common inflammatory lesions that are not neoplastic. Many of the fish may have been too young for development of neoplasms. It was recommended that older fish be used in future surveys (Hayes, 2002). Survey of Fish and Wildlife Consumption in the St. Clair River Area

The 1997 Stage 1 Update reported on a controlled study involving a subjective olfactory sensory evaluation of fish tainting (Myllyoja and Johnson, 1995). The study results revealed that no noticeable odour could be detected in walleye caught from the Bluewater Bridge or from the vicinity of the main industrial point sources. It was then suggested that the status of ‘tainting of fish and wildlife flavour’ be changed from “requiring site-specific studies” to “not impaired” with additional confirmation from an extensive angler survey. The following is a summary of findings from the St. Clair River shoreline fishing and fish and wildlife consumption survey (Dawson, 2000). The study was conducted over two seasons from 1996 to 1997 and involved a multidisciplinary research team. Data was collected using structured questionnaires, semi-structured tape recorded conversations and field notes taken by research assistants. Research assistants drove the length of the St. Clair River from the Bluewater Bridge to Mitchell’s Bay daily in search of interviewees. In addition to fish consumption, researchers also collected data on aquatic wildlife (waterfowl, furbearers and turtles) consumption from September 25th until December 12th in 1996. Of the 1295 St. Clair anglers approached, 126 refused to participate and another 245 were previously surveyed. Thus, the statistics for the report were generated from the responses of 924 participants. One hundred and six of the 924 St. Clair River anglers had also eaten aquatic wildlife in the 12 months prior to being interviewed. Their responses provided information on the consumption of aquatic wildlife. Although 15 locations were surveyed along the River, the majority of fishermen were typically found at the Lambton Generating Station (21%), the grain elevators/government docks south of Point Edward (16%) and in the vicinity of the Bluewater Bridge (15%). Other popular fishing spots were Sarnia Bay, Suncor/Chippewa’s Reserve and Talfourd Creek (8% each), Mitchell’s Bay (6%), Chenal Ecarté (4%) and Sombra locations and Port Lambton (3%) (Figures 1 and 2). The top five species of St. Clair River fish consumed – in terms of greatest number of participants reporting- were (1) walleye, (2) yellow perch, (3) rainbow trout, (4) coho salmon and (5) smallmouth bass. Just over a third (316) of St. Clair interviewees had not eaten fish from the River over the 12 months prior to the interview. When asked why, nine percent of the ‘non-eaters’ responded that the fish were dirty/contaminated and that they had concerns about contamination from historical and current industrial


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practices and spills to the River. Two percent gave as a reason, a “bad smell or taste” as to why they prefer not to eat fish. Just over half (51%) of the fish consumers (591), when asked if they had any ‘concerns’ about the fish from the River, answered ‘no’. Many felt that there had been significant improvement in environmental quality since the 1960s and 1970s. The migration of fish and the small quantity of fish consumed were also cited as reasons why fishermen felt it was safe to consume St. Clair River fish. The author of the report also emphasized that many in this group disregarded media reports, public opinion and judgments of others in defense of value-oriented values. In contrast, forty-nine percent (291) of St. Clair Fish consumers had concerns about the fish they caught. Of these, 48% said that the water was polluted/dirty, 40% were concerned that the fish were dirty/contaminated, and 17% indicated concern about fish tumours and deformities. Tainting of fish was also reported as a concern by 4% of interviewees. Tape recorded interviews and field notes included references to fish tainting with non-specific descriptions such as “smelled bad”, “didn’t smell/taste right”, and had an “indescribable” smell - to specific references to a “urine” or “chemical” smell, or petrochemical odours and flavours like “oil”, “crude”, “petrochemicals” and “gasoline”. Although anglers included locations like “the grain elevator” and “Bluewater Bridge” where fish had a tainted smell, it was usually Talfourd Creek and the Lambton Generating Station which received most concern due to previous experiences. While most interviewees referred to tainting incidents as isolated, several indicated that fish caught at the Generating Station regularly smelled or tasted “oily”, especially during particular times of the year. There were 106 St. Clair Participants who had eaten and reported on the quality of aquatic wildlife. In decreasing order, mallard ducks, Canada geese, wood duck, teal, canvasback, bufflehead, redhead, black duck, gadwall, goldeneye and lesser scaup were eaten with the greatest frequency. Five participants (5%) reported meals of turtle, four (4%) reported eating frogs and one participant reported consuming duck/goose eggs. No interviewee raised the issue of chemical contamination of wildlife and most claimed not to eat enough aquatic wildlife to warrant worrying. There was no mention of tainting of wildlife flavour. Given the contrasting results between the sensory evaluation and the Angler study, and the fact that these studies were conducted in the mid- to-late 19902, it is recommended that this BUI undergo further assessment in the St. Clair River and Delta to reflect current conditions. Participation from First Nations, U.S. and Canadian residents is necessary to reflect all interests. Canadian Wildlife Service Contaminant and Reproductive Parameters

There is no systematic monitoring program that examines environmental contaminant exposure and the associated health effects in wildlife inhabiting the St. Clair AOC. Reasons for this are associated with the quality and quantity of wildlife habitat. Much of the shoreline on both sides of the Upper St. Clair River is urbanized/industrialized, and construction of bulkheads along the riverbanks further reduces the amount of suitable wildlife habitat. By contrast, the lower St. Clair River is shallow and slow-moving, and the extensive St. Clair Flats and associated wetlands provide more opportunity for wildlife monitoring. In the 1991 Stage 1 - Environmental Conditions and Problem Definitions, “bird and animal deformities or reproductive problems” was listed as impaired due to chironomid mouth part deformities. No wildlife evidence was provided; however, the document stated that studies specifically examining this issue had never been completed. The following provides a summary of the available information on contaminant exposure and reproductive outcomes for snapping turtles, black and Forster’s terns and mink. These studies were


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conducted in the vicinity of the Walpole Island First Nations’ Territory. Contaminant levels of PCBs measured in snapping turtles, terns and mink exceeded the environmental yardstick value of 2.5ng/g. Refer to Appendix 6 for a comparison of contaminant concentrations among wildlife indicators. Snapping Turtles Contaminant concentrations in snapping turtle eggs from Walpole Island have been measured on three separate occasions during the 1990s. Results from the 1999 study indicate that the mean total PCB concentration (240 ng/g) has not changed markedly from concentrations measured in 1995 or 1992 (Ashpole, 2003; CWS database). The mean total PCB concentration in Walpole Island eggs is low relative to the St. Lawrence River AOC, Hamilton Harbour AOC, Wheatley Harbour AOC, the Detroit River AOC, but higher than the St. Clair National Wildlife Area (NWA) (74.2 ng/g) (de Solla and Fernie, 2004) (Figure 9, appendix 6). Turtle eggs from Walpole Island had a higher mean p,p’DDE concentration (8.8 ng/g) than eggs from an inland reference site at Algonquin Park (6.4 ng/g), but an approximate 8-fold lower concentration than eggs from Hamilton Harbour (69.0 ng/g). Additional values are presented in Appendix 6. The total mercury concentration (110 ng/g dry weight) measured in eggs was two-fold greater than eggs from the Hamilton Harbour AOC (50 ng/g), but lower than concentrations (720 ng/g) measured in eggs from the Akwesasne Territory located within the St. Lawrence River AOC (Ashpole, 2003; CWS database). Of most importance to the assessment of the BUI “bird and animal deformities and reproductive problems” was the assessment of 20 snapping turtle eggs from each clutch to determine hatching success and deformity rates. The results demonstrated that the frequency of egg mortality varied widely within and among several different study sites. No difference was found between Walpole Island turtle eggs (8.4 – 17.4 %) and eggs from the Algonquin Park reference site (0.04 – 26.0 %) or Hamilton Harbour (14.0 – 17.0 %). The frequency of hatchling deformity in individuals from Walpole Island (17.0 to 26.7 %) was similar to the Algonquin Park reference site (19.1 to 38.4 %) and Hamilton Harbour (7.05 -23.0) and lower than rates observed in turtles from the Raquette River/Turtle Creek sites (40.0 to 70.0 %) in the St. Lawrence River AOC.


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St. Lawrence River AOC

Hamilton Harbour AOC

Tiny Marsh Reference site

Wheatley Harbour AOC

Detroit River AOC

St. Clair River AOC

St. Clair NWA

Figure 9. Comparison of the mean total PCB concentrations in turtle eggs collected from Areas of Concern within the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence basin (1999-2001). Black and Forster’s Terns Colonial marsh-nesting black and Forster’s terns were monitored from May to August in 1999 to determine egg contaminant concentrations, assess the potential for contaminant-induced reproductive impairment and to assess the utility of these species as indicators of marsh quality. Eggs of black and Forster’s terns were collected from the Snye Channel and St. Anne’s areas of Walpole Island First Nation, as well as from Tiny Marsh (an inland reference site near the southern extent of Georgian Bay) and Lake Simcoe, Ontario. Black tern eggs from Walpole Island had higher PCB (1.86 ug/g) and p,p’DDE (0.18 ug/g) concentrations than eggs from Tiny Marsh (PCBs, 0.23 ug/g; p,p’DDE, 0.08 ug/g). The mercury concentration in eggs from Walpole Island 0.16μg/g was similar to for Tiny Marsh (0.17μg/g). The total PCB concentration in Forster’s tern eggs from Walpole Island First Nation has remained fairly constant, with a mean PCB concentration of 4.53 ug/g in 1992 and 4.40 ug/g in 1999. Eggs collected from Walpole Island First Nation had an almost two-fold greater PCB concentration than eggs from Lake Simcoe (2.41 ug/g). The mean p,p’-DDE concentration (0.62 ug/g) in Forster’s Tern eggs has decreased 58% from the level measured in 1986 (1.47 ug/g). The results of the most recent p,p”-DDE analysis is similar to egg concentrations from Lake Simcoe (0.82 ug/g). Fifty-one black tern nests and 32 Forster’s tern nests were marked at Walpole Island and at the reference sites in order to assess hatching and fledging success. Black Terns from Walpole Island had a minimum hatching success of 34 %. While this is low, it is not unusual for this species; however, many nests were flooded out as a result of naturally occurring high water levels during the summer of 1999. A comparison with the reference site at Tiny Marsh (11%) was difficult as predation by northern water snakes at Tiny Marsh may have been a factor. Forster’s Terns at Walpole Island had a minimum hatching success of only 22 % while 58 % of all nests were washed out or otherwise destroyed by high water, winds and boat wake.


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Wild Mink Mink are top mammalian carnivores in the Great Lakes ecosystem and can accumulate high concentrations of persistent contaminants. Mink have small home ranges and provide a sensitive biological indication of PCB contamination for upper trophic levels of the Great Lakes ecosystem. This study examined contaminant burdens in liver tissue from trapped mink. Thus, no reproductive endpoints were assessed. The mean total PCB concentration in livers of mink did not differ significantly from inland mink or from non-AOC sites (range = 82 – 84 ng/g w.w.). The mean total PCB concentration was significantly lower when compared to the mean concentration found in mink from the western basin of Lake Erie (1,692 ng/g). Concentrations of p,p’-DDE (12.1 ng/g), dieldrin (3.4 ng/g) and mirex (0.4 ng/g) in livers of mink from Walpole Island, although higher than mink from the inland sites, where lower than concentrations measured in livers of mink from Lake St. Clair and the Western Basin of Lake Erie (see Appendix 6). Of noteworthy mention, is that the mean mercury concentration was highest in mink livers from the St. Clair AOC (2200 ng/g dry weight), but that this concentration did not approach the 92,000 ng/g biological effect level (Wolfe et al. 1998). Refer to Appendix 6 of the Technical Addendum for detail on wildlife contaminant concentrations and comparisons among Canadian AOCs of the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence basin. In conclusion, evidence from snapping turtle research reveals that environmental contaminant concentrations are not negatively impacting upon the rate of deformities and reproductive success. Canadian Wildlife Service biologists also speculate that the low egg contaminant concentrations in black and Forster’s terns are not likely to impact on the reproductive success and that other environmental factors may be causing the variation between sites. Although PCB and mercury concentrations exceeded the yardstick established for biota (2.5 ng/g and 500 ng/g respectively), concentrations in livers of Walpole Island mink did not exceed reproductive thresholds (980 and 220 ng/g ww for kit growth and survival) as defined by Wren et al. (1987) and Restum et al. (1998). 6.4 Effluent Quality ONTARIO Data on effluent quality for each of the four primary industrial sectors on the Ontario side of the AOC are derived from the Ontario Ministry of the Environment’s monitoring requirements under the Clean Water Regulations. The data for each discharger are presented in Appendix 1, Volume 2. Guideline limits are established under the Municipal Industrial Strategy for Abatement (MISA) for selected parameters (average daily and monthly loadings) in process effluent on a facility-by-facility basis. Petroleum Sector

The petroleum sector in the St. Clair River AOC is represented by the Imperial Oil Refinery (Sarnia), Shell Canada Products (Corunna), and by Suncor Inc. (Sarnia). Average monthly and average annual flows and gross loadings for the period 1994 through 2001 are provided in Appendix 1a in the Technical Addendum (Volume 2) for most facilities. All effluent guidelines noted in the tables are MISA regulatory limits established in January 1996. Average annual effluent flows at the Imperial Oil Refinery were between 135,485.7 and 185,956.67 m3/day with no distinct trend from 1994 through 1998. However, decreasing loading trends over this period are noted for benzene, total ammonium, phenolics, sulphide, and toluene, whereas, increasing


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average annual loading trends are observed for dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus, and solvent extractables. No limits were approached or exceeded for any controlled parameter in any of the three years including dissolved organic carbon, total ammonium, phenolics, total phosphorus, particulate residue, solvent extractables, or sulphide. Average annual effluent flows in the process effluent stream at the Shell Canada Products Refinery increased between 1999 and 2001 from 15,163.3 to 15,820.8 m3/day; which amounts to about a 4% increase. However, decreasing loadings over the full period were noted for dissolved organic carbon, benzene, ammonium, total phosphorus, solvent extractables (oil content)), sulphide (total effluent – CP1000), and toluene (CP1000), whereas, variable to stable average annual loadings were observed for the other parameters. As in the case of Imperial Oil, no regulatory limits were approached or exceeded for any controlled parameter in any of the six years. Average annual process effluent flows at the Suncor Inc. Refinery increased between 1999 and 2001 from 8,506.3 to 9,726.7 m3/day; an increase of 14%. Decreases in loadings over the full period were noted for ammonium and sulphide. Benzene loadings decreased over the period of record except in 2001, during which average annual loading increased by about 1.5 orders of magnitude. This was due to high discharges during the month of November. The remainder showed variable loadings from year to year. During the eight years of record, only one limit exceedence was reported. The guideline for phenolics was exceeded in one month in 1998. Organic Chemical Sector

A total of 8 direct dischargers represent the organic chemical sector in the St. Clair River AOC. These include: Amoco Canada Resources Ltd. (Sarnia), LANXESS Inc. Inc. (Sarnia), Chinook Group Ltd. (Sombra), Dow Chemical Canada Ltd. (Sarnia), Ethyl Canada Inc. (Corunna), Imperial Oil Chemicals Division (Sarnia), and Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd. (Corunna and Mooretown). Average monthly and average annual data on flows and loadings are provided for each facility in Appendix 1b of the Technical Addendum (Volume 2). All effluent limits noted in the tables are MISA regulatory limits established in February 1998. At Amoco Canada Resources Ltd., average annual effluent flows show little change from 1977 through 2001, although flows in the latest year were the highest during the period of record. The high average flows in 2001 were also reflected in the highest average annual loadings of aluminum, arsenic, benzene, copper and zinc in the same year. In contrast, loadings of mercury and dichlorobenzene were completely eliminated in the last year and loadings of dissolved organic carbon, sulphide, and particulate residue declined over the period of record. During 1998, exceedences of monthly average loading limits were recorded in 6 of 10 months for dissolved organic carbon (3 kg/day), in only one month for phenolics (0.0023 kg/day), in two months for total phosphorus (0.41 kg/day), and for one month for particulate residue (3.7 kg/day). Exceedences were also observed in 1999 for total phosphorus (2 months), in 2000 for dissolved organic carbon (4 months), and in 2001 for benzene (1 month), dissolved organic carbon (4 months), phenolics (2 months), and particulate residue (1 month). From 1995 through 2001, average annual loadings from LANXESS Inc. Inc. tended to increase for total ammonium, however benzene loadings were eliminated in 2001 and marked reductions over the period of record were reported for aluminum, cobalt, dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, total phosphorus, solvent extractables, bromoform, chloromethane, chloroform, and methylene chloride. MISA limits were exceeded for total cobalt in six months in 1998, nine months in 1999, ten months in 2000, and six months in 2001. The limit for total kjeldahl nitrogen was exceeded in only one month during the entire period of record (in 1999).


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Average annual effluent flows at Chinook Group Limited ranged between 309.05 and 356.61 m3/day with no specific trends observable from 1997 through 2001. During this period, notable loadings decreases were observed for dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and solvent extractables (particularly in the 1999 to 2001 period). Increasing average annual loadings were recorded for chromium and zinc. Of particular note at this facility is the relatively high number of exceedences of MISA limits throughout the period of record which consisted of a total of 43 months with data (see Appendix 1b). These included during each of the 43 months for dissolved organic carbon and particulate residue; 42 months for total Kjeldahl nitrogen; 38 months for solvent extractables; 37 months for total phosphorus; 35 months for total ammonium; and 13 months for zinc (all occurring during 2000 and 2001). Average gross effluent flows and contaminant loadings for Dow Chemical Canada Inc. are presented for only the Vidal Street Sewer as the Scott Road Sewer was shut down in 1998. From 1999 through 2001, average annual effluent flows at the Vidal Street control point varied between 4155.9 m3/day and 6103.3 m3/day, increasing throughout the 3 years, particularly from 2000 to 2001. This flow increase was also reflected in 2001 increased average annual loadings for aluminum, ethylbenzene, dissolved organic carbon, total ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, phenolics, total phosphorus, particulate residue, trichlorobenzene, hexachloroethane, and triclhlorotoluene. Notable loading decreases were noted for bis-2chloroisopropyl ether, dichloroethane, and dichloropropane, the latter of which was not present in effluent during 2001. This effluent stream has established MISA regulatory limits for 19 parameters and it is notable that during the entire period of record, only one exceedence was recorded (total phosphorus). Ethyl Canada Inc.’s final effluent average annual flows have declined over the 1999 to 2001 period, from 5835.4 m3/day to 3412.0 m3/day. As noted above (section 4.1), Ethyl Canada has reduced its effluent flows, including process effluent, significantly. This is reflected in decreased loadings of most parameters monitored. There are no MISA regulatory limits on any parameters in the plant’s final effluent. MISA limits are in place for a small process stream (Appendix 1b); however, there have been no discharges from this stream since 1998. Average annual effluent flows at Imperial Oil Chemicals Division have declined from 1995 (34,402.5 m3.day) through 2001 (29,798.4 m3/day). This is reflected in significant average annual loadings reductions over this period for all parameters monitored including dissolved organic carbon, phenolics, particulate residue, solvent extractables, and vinyl chloride. In addition, loadings of benzene, toluene, total phosphorus, and hexachlorobutadiene were eliminated. No MISA regulatory limits were exceeded. Effluent data are provided for both the Mooretown and Corunna facilities of Novacor Chemicals Ltd. At the Corunna facility, average annual flows and contaminant loadings have been variable over the 1997 through 2001 period with few distinct trends. Slight overall decreases in loadings of dissolved organic carbon (Mooretown) and phenolics (Corunna) have been recorded. MISA regulatory limits were exceeded on only one occasion for dissolved organic carbon at Mooretown, however, exceedences at Corunna include solvent extractables (once each in 1999 and 2000), and residue particulate (twice in 2000). Inorganic Chemical Sector

The inorganic sector is represented by four direct dischargers: Cabot Canada Ltd, Sarnia; Praxair Canada Inc, Mooretown and Sarnia; and Terra International (Canada) Inc, Courtright. Average monthly and average annual flow and loadings data for each source are provided in appendix 1c of Volume 2. Guideline loading values are MISA regulatory limits established in February of 1998. At Cabot Canada Ltd, flows generally decreased between 1997 and 2001, as did average gross loadings of aluminum, dissolved organic carbon, particulate residue, and solvent extractables. Phosphorus and zinc


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average annual loadings were quite variable from year to year and nitrate loadings tended to increase. Cabot Canada Ltd. reported no limit exceedences in any year for aluminum; however, the guideline for dissolved organic carbon was exceeded on a monthly average basis on four occasions in 1998; six occasions in 1999, and once each in 2000 and 2001. The MISA regulation limit for particulate residue was exceeded during two months in 1999 and one month in 2000. Average annual gross effluent flow at Praxair Canada Inc. (Mooretown) was variable until 2001 when flows decreased significantly to 0.556 m3/day from 7.16 m3/day during the previous year. Significant reductions in all parameters monitored (copper, dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus, particulate residue, solvent extractables, and zinc) were also recorded during the last 2 or 3 years of record. There were no exceedences for any parameter in from 1997 to 2001. Praxair Canada Inc. (Sarnia) reported no exceedences for dissolved organic carbon, total phosphorus or solvent extractables; however, exceedences on a monthly average basis occurred for all other parameters monitored. In 1998 exceedences occurred in one month only for aluminum, in four months for copper, in seven months for particulate residue (0.46 kg/day), and in three months for zinc. Although average annual gross effluent flow did not change much between 1999 and 2001, Terra International (Canada) Inc. (Courtright), reported increasing loadings of aluminum, fluoride, sulphate, and zinc. Nitrates tended to decrease on an average annual basis and all other parameters were variable from year to year. MISA exceedences occurred for dissolved organic carbon during one month in 1999 and for particulate residue during three months in 1999, one month in 2000 and two months in 2001. The monthly limit for total Kjeldahl N was exceeded once in 2000 only. Thermal Generating Sector

Only one facility – Ontario Power Generation’s Lambton Generating Station – represents this sector in the AOC. Appendix 1d in the Technical Addendum (Volume 2) provides monthly and average annual data on effluent flow volume as well as gross loadings of Al, Fe, particulate residue, and solvent extractables for the 1995 through 2001 period. Average annual flows have almost tripled over this period (4,342.2 to 12,632.2 m3/day) and the gross loadings of all parameters have increased as well. Average annual gross loadings for aluminum increased from 1.1577 kg/day to 5.7249 kg/day; iron from 0.16951 to 1.0129 kg/day; particulate residue from 9.84 to 128.06 kg/day (reaching 301.907 kg/day in 1999); and solvent extractables from 1.245 to 3.727 kg/day. There are no reported compliance guidelines for any of these parameters. Spills

The 1991 Stage 1 Report of the St. Clair River RAP identified “restrictions on drinking water consumption” and “added cost to agriculture or industry” as beneficial use impairments. The primary cause was chemical spills to the river which affected downstream water supplies, resulting in mandated closures to water treatment plants. The Stage 2 RAP criterion for removal of this BUI is “no treatment plant shutdowns due to exceedences of drinking water guidelines over a two year period”. As reported in the 1997 Update Report, this criterion had been met, with the last mandated closure occurring in 1994. It was then recommended that the status of these BUIs be changed to “not impaired”. The data for spills from Ontario sources from 1998 through 2002 as reported to the OMOE Spills Action Centre (SAC) are provided in Table 4. Over this period, the number of spills has remained low and no Water Treatment/Filtration Plant shutdowns have been ordered by public agencies. The number of


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reported spills is well below those reported between 1986 and 1989 (70 to 135 total spills annually) and less than half reported in 1996. Table 4. Summary of reported spills to the St. Clair River from Ontario Sources 1998 – 2002.

Year Chemical Petroleum Total 1998 5 3 8 1999 1 7 8 2000 3 6 9 2001 0 2 2 2002 1 2 3

One of the largest spills reported in 2000 occurred in December at Nova Chemicals (Corunna). The spill entered the storm water pond which discharges to Talfourd Creek. Approximately 4,600 to 4,700 barrels of product containing 30 to 35% benzene escaped from two lines at the DPG unit. The Ontario Drinking Water Standard for benzene is 5.0 ppb and the maximum concentration recorded at the storm water pond overflow was much less than the standard at 0.7 ppb. In January 2001, the Nova Chemicals Styrene Plant in Sarnia experienced a spill of about 300 to 400 barrels of product. The spill occurred over a large area of open field from a long section of 6 inch pipe. No material escaped to the river. Neither of these incidents resulted in water treatment plant intake closures. However, despite the significant reduction in the number of spill from Ontario point sources to the St. Clair River highlighted in Table 2, large spills were again reported in 2003. In August 2003, the OMOE responded to two vinyl chloride spills into the St. Clair River from Royal Polymers in Sarnia that occurred during the “blackout”. As a precaution, down-river water users as well as local health agencies were notified of the spills. The results from water samples taken after the spills showed that vinyl chloride was not detected in the treated drinking water supplies. The Ministry issued an Order to the Company on August 28, 2003. In response to the order, the company implemented a number of safeguards aimed at reducing the potential for future spills to the St. Clair River. Following an investigation into the spill by the Ministry of the Environment, charges were laid against Royal Polymers. On May 19, 2005, the company pleaded guilty to three counts under the OWRA. For discharging, or causing or permitting the discharge of a material into a watercourse that may impair the quality of the water the company received a $100,000 fine. For failing to immediately notify the Ministry of the discharge, the company received a $105,000 fine. For operating a sewage works other than in accordance with its Certificate of Approval, the company received an additional $50,000 fine for a total of $255,000 in fines plus a 25 per cent victim fine surcharge. In February 2004, the OMOE responded to a spill of methyl ethyl ketone and methyl iso-butyl ketone into the St. Clair River from Imperial Oil Ltd. in Sarnia. As per established notification procedures, the downstream water users were notified along with local health agencies. The water intakes were subsequently shut down at Walpole Island and Wallaceburg. The OMOE issued an Order to the company requiring the submission of a report on the cause of the spill and the submission of a spill prevention plan to prevent a similar re-occurrence. The company complied with the order. The spill incident was referred to the Ministry's Investigations and Enforcement Branch and charges were subsequently laid against Imperial Oil Limited for permitting the deposit of a deleterious substance into the St. Clair River which is frequented by fish contrary the Fisheries Act. On August 16, 2005 the company was fined $300,000 after pleading guilty to one count under the Fisheries Act. In view of the recent spill events and intake closures at Walpole Island and Wallaceburg, the proposed redesignation in status of “restrictions on drinking water consumption” and “added cost to agriculture or


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industry” requires consideration. The redesignation of these BUIs will be considered by the Four Party Agencies in accordance with the steps described in section 2.1. MICHIGAN Data on effluent quality for the industrial and municipal sectors on the Michigan side of the AOC are derived from the NPDES Permit Compliance System. The data, presented as total annual flows and loadings from 1995 through 1998 for each discharger, is presented in Volume 2, Appendix 2. Table 5 presents the combined annual flow and loadings data representing all Michigan sources to the St. Clair River from 1995 through 1998. These loadings are not restricted to the area of the AOC (St. Clair County) but include all sources within the drainage basin of the St. Clair River including the Black and Belle Rivers (including parts of Sanilac, Lapeer and Macomb counties).The highest loadings of total phosphorus and zinc to the St. Clair River from Michigan point sources occurred in 1995 with subsequent years being one-half to one-third less. In general, however there are no distinct trends over the four years of record with regard to flow volumes or total annual loadings of the parameters monitored. Table 5. Annual total point source loadings for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 from all Michigan point sources (all parameter loadings in kg/year).

Year Parameter 1995 1996 1997 1998 TOTALS

Total Phosphorus 123,685.70 63,991.79 76,769.12 60,988.29 325,434.82 Arsenic 0.71 1.20 1.38 0.54 3.83 Cadmium 0.97 2.53 2.13 3.04 8.67 Copper 1,946.92 606.10 18,912.69 1,059.24 22,524.95 Nickel 19.65 43.79 62.22 51.59 177.25 Zinc 148,799.90 58,238.47 43,061.55 43,874.42 293,974.34 Chloroform 0.10 0 0.21 0 0.31 Toluene 0.21 3.04 3.99 1.49 8.73 Benzene 0 0 0 0 0 Mercury 2.11 2.24 0.66 1.21 6.21

Michigan Industrial Point Sources

Total annual loadings and flow data for major Michigan industries are provided in Appendix 2a of Volume 2. Data are provided for DECO (Detroit-Edison) (Greenwood, St. Clair, Marysville and Belle River), E.B. Eddy Paper, Crown Paper (Port Huron), and Cargill Salt. The DECO plants represent the Thermal Electric Generation Sector, with three of the plants coal fired and one plant (DECO Greenwood) oil/gas fired. Parameters monitored at the facilities include phosphorus and copper (Greenwood and St. Clair Plants), phosphorus only (Marysville), and arsenic and cadmium (Belle River). Loadings of arsenic and cadmium at the Belle River Plant were significantly reduced over the period of record with both parameters eliminated in the 1997 and 1998. Loadings of total phosphorus were also eliminated in the final two years of record at both the St. Clair and Marysville Plants. Total phosphorus at the Greenwood facility was more variable from year to year with the largest loading discharged during 1998. Copper monitored at the Greenwood and St. Clair Plants generally show a strong decline over the period of record, however, loadings at the latter plant increased significantly from 1997 to 1998. As of 1999, all four DECO plants were fully in compliance with their NPDES permits.


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The permit for Crown Paper (Port Huron) requires monitoring only for copper. Copper loadings did not display any particular trends over the period of record. As of 1999, this facility was out of compliance due to paper coating losses, solids loadings violations and turbidity releases to the river. As noted in Section 4.1 (above), this company has been making upgrades to their wastewater treatment system to respond to these problems. Domtar’s (formerly E.B. Eddy Paper) NPDES permit requires monitoring for total phosphorus, cadmium, and copper. Annual flow volumes increased over the period of record, but no trends in total phosphorus, cadmium, or copper loadings were apparent. As of 1999, the plant was considered to be generally in compliance with its permit but occasionally has overflows to the Black River. The NPDES permit for Cargill Salt Division requires monitoring for total phosphorus, copper, and zinc. Total phosphorus loadings decreased significantly over the four year period of record, however, no discernable trends are apparent for the other two parameters. As of 1999, Cargill Salt was noted as having a history of conductivity problems but is currently taking measures to correct this (Section 4.1). Michigan Municipal Point Sources

Total annual loadings and flow data for major Michigan Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTP) and Sewage Lagoons (WWSL) in St. Clair County are provided in Appendix 2b of Volume 2. Data are provided for Algonac WWTP, Capac WWSL, Marine City WWTP, Marysville WWTP, Port Huron WWTP, St. Clair WWTP, and St. Clair River SA WWTP. All facilities monitor total phosphorus loadings. In addition to total phosphorus, the St. Clair River SA, monitors copper and mercury, and St. Clair WWTPs monitors mercury. Zinc is monitored at the Marine City, Marysville, Port Huron, and St. Clair WWTPs and cadmium is monitored at the St. Clair WWTP. Phosphorus loadings from these seven St. Clair County WWTPs and WWSL contribute 32% of the total phosphorus loadings to the St. Clair River from all Michigan sources (Table 4). The largest single source is the Port Huron WWTP (18.5% of the total Michigan sources), followed by the Capac WWSL, and the Marysville WWTP. Annual total phosphorus loadings from these facilities were relatively constant over the four year period of record (1995 to 1998). Cadmium loadings at the St. Clair WWTP decreased significantly over the period of record from 0.52 kg/year in 1995 to 0kg/year in 1998. These facilities account for only about 7.7% of the copper loading from all Michigan sources to the St. Clair River. The Port Huron WWTP is the largest municipal source, contributing about 90% of all municipal loadings (1,568.50 kg over the four years of record). In general there are no distinct trends over the four years with the exception of the St. Clair WWTP where copper loadings steadily decreased from 11.33 kg/year in 1995 to 7.3 kg/year in 1998. Zinc loadings from all municipal sources are less than 5% of all Michigan sources. The largest source is Port Huron which contributed over 95% of the municipal loadings. Again, only the St. Clair WWTP showed any trend over the period of record with zinc loadings decreasing from 219.28 kg/year in 1996 to 24.06 kg/year in 1998. Virtually all the mercury loadings from Michigan sources were derived from the St. Clair and St. Clair River SA WWTPs over the 1995 to 1998 period. The former WWTP was the largest single contributor with over 97% (6.04 kg total over 4 years) of the total Michigan loadings. Loadings at the St. Clair WWTP did not show a distinct trend; however loadings in 1997 and 1998, combined, were less than half of those in 1995 and 1996, combined. As of 1999, the Port Huron, Marysville, Marine City, and St. Clair SA WWTPs were in compliance with their NPDES permits. The St. Clair WWTP has experienced a


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mercury violation which is being addressed as part of a mercury minimization plan. The Algonac WWTP was also not in compliance as of 1999, and MDEQ has pursued action against the facility. 6.5 Air Quality The actions for point source discharges to air listed in the 1995 Stage 2 Recommended Plan include an inventory of atmospheric releases so that contribution of air pollutants to the AOC can be assessed and to determine the impact of air emissions on the St. Clair River. The primary data available for air quality in the St. Clair River AOC includes the local area air quality monitoring network maintained by the Sarnia Lambton Environmental Association (SLEA) and emissions data from Environment Canada’s National Pollution Release Inventory (NPRI). In addition, the U.S. EPA and State of Michigan maintain data on toxic chemical releases and ambient air quality. Additional information was taken from the report “Air Quality in Selected Binational Great Lakes Urban Regions” (IJC, 2004). NPRI Emissions Release Data

The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) provides Canadians with access to information on the releases of key pollutants in their communities. It is the only national, legislated, publicly web-accessible inventory of its kind in Canada. This level of transparency compels industry to reduce pollutant releases. It also helps the Government of Canada track progress in pollution prevention, evaluate releases and transfers of substances of concern, identify and take action on environmental priorities, and implement policy initiatives and risk management measures. Tabulated results for air emissions for compounds such as ammonia, benzene, butadiene, ethylene, methanol, propylene and toluene, are found in Appendix 4 of the Technical Addendum. Available data indicate that air emissions of most of these compounds have decreased between 1994 and 2002. However, the NPRI recorded increased emissions of methanol for Bayer (now LANXESS Inc.) and Dow Chemical Canada Inc. Emissions of ammonia have increased at Dow Chemical Canada Inc. and Imperial Oil (Sarnia Refinery), while data for Suncor Energy Products Inc. indicate increases in propylene and toluene in the 2002 data. SLEA Ambient Air Monitoring

SLEA has operated an ambient air monitoring network for more than 40 years; the OMOE has operated additional monitoring sites in the area. The monitoring network consists of six air stations located along the St. Clair River from Sarnia to Courtright. A mobile monitor was introduced in 2000 that increases the range of the air monitoring system. The network analyzes air samples and records hourly averages of air contaminants such as sulphur dioxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, respirable particulate matter, and total reduced sulphur. Temporal trend data are available to the public via a website managed by SLEA. Long-term sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentrations in the Sarnia- Corunna area have changed little between the years 1988 and 2002, and are approximately one-half of the acceptable annual average concentration of 20 parts per billion. Government regulations are designed to maintain daily average SO2 concentrations below the Ontario Ambient Air Quality Objective of 100 parts per billion (ppb). In 2003, there were five Lambton Industry Meteorological Alert (LIMA) alerts; during one of these, on October 20, the 24-hour criterion of 100 ppb was exceeded. The average SO2 concentration was 106 ppb. Ozone is continuously measured and hourly averages are recorded at monitoring stations in Corunna and Sarnia. In 2003, Ontario's Criteria of 80 parts per billion was exceeded during 41 hours in Sarnia and 38 hours in Corunna. However, these exceedances occurred during the summer months, when production of


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ozone is powered by the photochemical process. Long-term annual data collected between 1976 and 2002 indicate reductions in the yearly peak reductions for ozone levels. Levels of total nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the Sarnia-Lambton area declined significantly through the 1980s but they have remained relatively constant since 1990. Efforts are now underway to reduce industrial emissions of NOx which will hopefully result in a downward trend in levels over the next few years. Air samples are analyzed by SLEA on an hourly basis and records concentrations for each of the 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Data collected between 1989 and 1999 show that the average annual concentration of all VOCs has declined from approximately 120 mg/m3 to 58 mg/m3 at Sarnia, and from approximately 84 mg/m3 to 30 mg/m3 at Corunna. Particulate matter in the atmosphere of most concern to ambient air quality and human health are less than10 microns. Particles less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) have been added to the Ontario Air Quality Index program. The Ontario Ambient Air Quality Criterion for PM2.5 is set at 30 µg/m3, averaged over 24 hours. Although the annual averages in 2002 were 7 µg/m3 for Sarnia, and 9 µg/m3 for the Moore Line station, the 24-hour objective was exceeded at the Sarnia station on eleven occasions and at Moore Line on seven occasions. All of these incidents occurred during smog alerts on days when ozone concentrations were elevated, or southerly winds brought smog and its precursors into the region from distant heavily populated areas. U.S. Toxic Release Inventory and Ambient Air Quality

The U.S. EPA’s Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) is a database containing detailed information on nearly 650 chemicals and chemical categories that over 23,000 industrial and federal facilities manage through disposal or other releases, and waste management for recycling, energy recovery, or treatment. The 2003 TRI was released by EPA on May 11, 2005. The 2003 report indicates that total releases of toxic pollutants declined in Michigan by 23%. The searchable database, located at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/tridata/tri03/index.htm, provides information on fugitive and point source airborne emissions of chemical pollutants at both the state and county level. In addition, the U.S. EPA and State of Michigan both maintain databases of ambient air quality in the state to ensure compliance with state and federal air quality standards. Information on statewide and county emissions of criteria air pollutants is available at www.epa.gov and www.michigan.gov/deq. 6.6 Summary of Trends and Conditions It is difficult to statistically confirm contaminant trends in the AOC over this period compared to previous periods. Differences in data reporting, MISA/NPDES permit requirements, and locations of sampling methodologies make this problematic. However, it appears that concentrations of most contaminants in sediment (dredge spoils), air, water, effluent, biota and sport fish, are either the same as or less than those reported in previous periods. Few, if any contaminants in any media have been found to be increasing over the current period of record. It would appear that the significant actions undertaken to address point and non-point source issues defined in the Stage 2 Report (see Table 2) have contributed to improving the overall environmental condition within the AOC. This is reflected in some respects in the relatively few compliance problems recorded in Ontario and Michigan, and by effluent loadings data which reveal either no strong trends or strong declining loadings. MISA loadings data did not indicate any significant increasing trends between 1994 and 2001 nor did the Michigan NPDES data through 1998/1999.


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In addition, long-term monitoring data such as Environment Canada’s head and mouth surveys of metals and industrial organics, the SLEA volatile organic monitoring station, the Ontario sport fish monitoring data, and the dredge spoil sampling by PWGSC in the lower delta; all indicate decreasing or static concentration trends and fewer exceedences of guidelines. In the case of the dredge spoil data, fewer than 5% of samples exceeded sediment guidelines and those which did, did so by narrow margins. The 2003/2004 Ontario Guide to Eating Sport Fish in Ontario continues to reveal exceedences of fish consumption advisories, but most exceedences recorded were at or near the lower guideline, well below the ‘total restriction’ levels. Some key trends and conditions since the 1997 Update report are listed below.

• The frequency of detection of volatile organic compounds at Courtright is about half that reported in 1997 and fewer were above the SLEA voluntary advisory levels;

• Declining concentrations of industrial organics (OCS, HCB, HCBD) at Port Lambton and a spatial variation in mercury and total PCBs were measured in water and sediment;

• Average annual gross loadings were variable over the period of record. Across all facilities, however, decreasing trends were more common than increasing, notably for benzene, ammonium, toluene, dissolved organic carbon, solvent extractables, and other selected chlorinated organics;

• Generally, Ontario industrial facilities were well within most of their applicable MISA regulatory limits with the exception of Chinook Group Limited, which had the highest frequency of exceedences and number of parameters exceeding guidelines;

• Spill frequency continued to decline from 19 in 1996 to 3 in 2002. A spill of methyl ethyl ketone and methyl iso-butyl ketone into the River from Imperial Oil Ltd. in February 2004 resulted in the first water treatment plant intake closures since 1994;

• Total loadings of TP and zinc from all Michigan point sources decreased by one-half to one-third from 1995 to 1998;

• Loadings of arsenic, cadmium, and total phosphorus decreased significantly at some Michigan industrial facilities from 1995 through 1998;

• Michigan sources out of compliance included Crown Paper due to losses of paper coating material to its discharge, Cargill Salt was out of compliance due to elevated conductivity, St. Clair WWTP (mercury losses) and Algonac WWTP (location of outfall); and

• Loadings of individual contaminants from Michigan municipal sources generally did not show any major trends with the exception of the St. Clair WWTP which had significant reductions in cadmium, copper and zinc.


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7.0 STATUS OF BENEFICIAL USE IMPAIRMENTS Although the preceding sections identify significant remedial actions that have been undertaken in the AOC which have resulted in reduced loadings of many parameters to air and water, exceedences of yardstick values continue to occur. The data collected and reviewed since the 1997 Stage 1 Update does not provide sufficient evidence that any of the impairments to beneficial uses in the AOC may be delisted at this time (see the 1995 Recommended Plan for delisting criteria). A summary of the current status (based on data as recent as 2003) and information pertaining to each of the BUIs as defined in the St. Clair River AOC is provided in Table 6. Research and monitoring, and/or additional data are required for the following BUIs:

• Restrictions on Fish Consumption continue to be classified as impaired based on the 1999 Ontario data for the upper, middle and lower river. More recent data is required from both Ontario and Michigan fish contaminant surveys;

• While a controlled olfactory sensory evaluation (1995) indicated no detectable tainting in walleye, an extensive survey of St. Clair River Anglers on the Canadian shoreline conducted in 1996-1997 reported tainting (taste and odour) in fish caught from various locations. As both reports were conducted in the mid to late -1990s, and were not inclusive of U.S. and First Nation residents, consideration must be given to further study;

• Bird and Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems requires further investigation within areas of the St. Clair River and Delta to conclusively show that this beneficial use in not impaired;

• Dynamics of Benthic Populations/Communities (based on measured concentrations offshore Chemical Valley in Ontario) continue to be classed as impaired;

• Restrictions on Dredging Activities remains impaired due to sediment yardstick values being exceeded by mercury, various metals, total PCBs, HCB and nutrients;

• The frequency of chemical spills to the river has decreased dramatically since the Stage 1 RAP; however, due to recent spills and water treatment plant shutdowns, a review of the BUIs “Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems” and “Added Cost to Agriculture or Industry” is required;

• Beach Closings and Degradation of Aesthetics continues to be classified as impaired based on reports from the public and continuing CSO discharges in both Michigan and Ontario; however significant actions have taken place resulting in the extension of primary treatment facilities and the reduction of CSO discharges in both Ontario and Michigan;

• Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat continues to be classified as impaired and habitat loss continues; however actions toward delisting are ongoing through both non-point pollution control and habitat restoration programs. Supplementary information on programs in Michigan is required to fully evaluate the progress towards delisting.


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Table 6. Summary of Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) beneficial use impairments within the St. Clair River AOC. Impairment abbreviations: I = impaired, NI = not impaired, A = requires further study on a site-specific basis, B = requires further study on a Great Lakes Basin-wide basis. Abbreviations qualified by an asterix (*) are those which a change in status was recommended in the 1997 Stage 1 Update and which require review. GLWQA IMPAIRMENT

OF BENEFICIAL USE

STATUS

CURRENT CONDITIONS IN THE ST. CLAIR RIVER

1) Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption

Restrictions on Fish Consumption

I Fish consumption guidelines are exceeded for lake trout, chinook salmon, smallmouth bass, rock bass, yellow perch, carp, walleye, freshwater drum, white and redhorse sucker, gizzard shad, and northern pike (MOE 2003; MDCH 2001).

The role of exposure of fish to contaminants originating outside the St. Clair River relative to local sources is considered essential for a comprehensive evaluation.

Additional monitoring is required for all three River sections simultaneously.

Consumption of Wildlife B Health Canada advises that consumption of commonly hunted Ontario waterfowl poses no health hazards. Additional study of the common merganser in the St. Clair river and the hooded merganser in Lake St. Clair is recommended (CWS 1997).

2) Tainting of Fish and Wildlife Flavour

A* No tainting in walleye was found in a controlled study involving a subjective sensory evaluation (Myllyoja and Johnson, 1995. A subsequent intensive angler survey of the St. Clair River revealed reports of fish tainting along with references to specific tastes and smells from fish caught at various locations (Dawson, 2000).

Given that the above studies were conducted in the mid-1990s, a more current evaluation should be considered.

3) Degradation of Fish and Wildlife Populations

Dynamics of Fish Populations

NI The fish community is considered diverse and fish community goals and objectives support the current fish community structure.

Body Burdens of Fish B The role of exposure of fish to contaminants originating from outside the St. Clair River relative to local sources is considered essential for a comprehensive evaluation.

Dynamics of Wildlife Populations

A Preliminary study of waterfowl and amphibian populations in wetlands indicates no statistically significant differences between AOC and non-AOC sites (four AOCs including St. Clair were compared) except in the case of two amphibian species, which were less frequent in AOCs; significant additional study is required (Chabot 1996).

Additional study is required to understand wildlife population trends.

Body Burdens of Wildlife

B PCBs in eggs of the snapping turtle, Forster’s tern and black-tern, and PCBs and mercury in mink livers are above RAP contaminant yardstick levels for biota (Ashpole, 2004; Weseloh, unpublished; Martin, 2004).


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GLWQA IMPAIRMENT

OF BENEFICIAL USE

STATUS


4) Fish Tumours and Other Deformities

A Analyses of 62 fish livers do not indicate abnormal incidence of tumour formation (Hayes, 2002). An assessment of older fish may be required to verify the results of the previous study.

5) Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems

A* The issue of chironomid mouthpart deformities has been assigned to the BUI category “degradation of benthos”.

A study on snapping turtles indicates that, while PCB concentrations exceed the environmental yardstick value, no deformities or reproductive problems were associated with contaminant exposure (Ashpole, 2004).

Additional studies on wildlife contaminant exposure effects are required and delisting criteria developed for this BUI.

6) Degradation of Benthos

Dynamics of Benthic Populations/

Communities

I An increase in the number of taxa was noted in the 3 “priority 1" zones offshore of the Sarnia industrial area noted in the Stage 1 report, as compared to previous reports. A study (Beak International Incorporated, 1997) confirms that benthic communities in these zones remain impaired with no improvement since 1985.

Current benthic community dynamic studies are required to assess present conditions in both the River and Delta areas.

Body Burdens of Benthic Organisms

B Bioassay and sediment toxicity studies based on 1994 and 1995 sampling report RAP yardstick exceedences and PSQG lowest and severe effect level exceedences in the “priority 1" zones downstream of the Sarnia industrial area (Pollutech Enviroquatics Limited 1997). Test species mortality, growth, and reproduction were adversely impacted during sediment toxicity testing.

Additional 1994 studies of sites offshore of the Sarnia industrial area reported sediment contaminant levels in excess of RAP yardstick and PSQG lowest effect levels, and moderate to high toxicity to test species (OMEE 1996c).

Current studies that evaluate contaminant exposure and bioaccumulation are required to assess present conditions in both the River and Delta areas.

7) Restrictions on Dredging Activities

I Exceedences of sediment yardstick values were recorded in the Southeast Bend Cutoff Channel for manganese, mercury, HCB, total PCBs, TKN, and total phosphorus, however, exceedences were less than 5% of samples collected and values were only slightly above yardstick (PWGSC 2001).

8) Eutrophication or Undesirable Algae

NI The waters of the St. Clair river are mesotrophic and algae do not occur at nuisance levels.

9) Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems

Consumption I* There were no OMOE or MDEQ-issued drinking water advisories or mandated water treatment shutdowns for several years prior to 2000, thus meeting the delisting criteria for this BUI.

The status of this BUI requires re-assessment given reports that a number of facilities in the Sarnia industrial sector had allowed potentially harmful chemicals to spill into the St. Clair River since 2000.


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GLWQA IMPAIRMENT

OF BENEFICIAL USE

STATUS


Taste and Odour Problems

I* See above comment.

10) Beach Closings I

Permanent signs warning of possible intermittent pollution of water are posted at 4 Ontario parks (Willow, Seager, Lambton Cundick and Brander). It has been recommended that postings remain until surveying indicates that water quality has significantly improved to a point where bacterial levels are consistently below Ministry of Health guideline (LHU--OMEE 1994, 1995).

It has been recommended that public be made aware of effects of heavy rains on bacterial levels and that the role of non-point source pollution is investigated.

11) Degradation of Aesthetics

I CSO overflow events continue in both Port Huron and Sarnia.

12) Added Cost to Agriculture or Industry

I* There were no water treatment plant closures or associated interruptions in water supplies to industrial users between 1994 and 1997 (OMOE 1997; MDEQ 1997.

The status of this BUI requires re-assessment given reports that a number of facilities in the Sarnia industrial sector had allowed potentially harmful chemicals to spill into the St. Clair River since 2000.

13) Degradation of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Populations

NI The species composition of phytoplankton and zooplankton reflect the oligotrophic to mesotrophic conditions of lower Lake Huron (Stage 1 RAP, 1991).

14) Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat

I Michigan passed the Marine Safety Act which disallowed the use of personal watercraft in the marshy areas of Lake St. Clair Flats. The flats are the largest deltaic wetland system in the Great Lakes.

Ontario – Natural Heritage Policies issued as a Provincial Policy Statement under Section 3 of the Planning Act (1997) requiring municipalities to “have regard to “ the protection of “significant wetlands: designated Provincially Significant Wetlands

Natural Heritage System was completed for RAP (Geomatics International, 1998). Binational habitat management completed (Dutz, 1998).

Much of the 240 ha target for rehabilitation of upland and riparian habitat on the Ontario side has been achieved, but no estimates of continuing habitat loss is available.

Approximately 30% of the 440 ha target for rehabilitation of the Darcy McKeough Floodway has been achieved.


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8.0 CONCLUSION The restoration of beneficial uses is the cornerstone of Annex 2 of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Of the 14 BUIs defined by the International Joint Commission, nine were considered “impaired”, two were considered to “require additional study on a site-specific basis” and three were considered “not impaired”. The 1997 Stage 1 Update recommended a redesignation of four BUIs from “impaired” or “requiring further assessment on a site specific basis” to “not impaired”. The change in status was based on the reduction in chemical spill frequency to the River from industrial facilities in Ontario and Michigan, partial results for fish tainting studies and a re-assignment of deformity evidence between BUI categories. While improvements in water quality have been achieved, delisting criteria requires updating and a formal binational process for the redesignation of BUIs must be followed to ensure consensus among agencies, the BPAC, stakeholders and the general public. Thus, the summary of impairments in the current Progress Report reflects the need for additional information and BUI redesignation process steps to be followed. Although eight BUIs remain impaired, there have clearly been reductions in industrial and municipal loadings and in water contaminant concentrations from the mid 1990s to 2002. In fact, many industrial and municipal facilities are currently within established Ontario MISA or Michigan National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit regulatory limits. Hence, further reductions below these limits will be the result of further improvements in best management practices which individual facilities may implement. Fish consumption advisories do not reflect the documented reductions in contaminant loadings to the river. However, many of these species are not year-round residents of the river and long-term trend data for whole water mercury is considered necessary for a complete evaluation. Further, such advisories are found for fish from throughout the Great Lakes, including the open water areas of southern Lake Huron, immediately upstream of the AOC. The relative role of basin-wide sources, local on-going sources, and local in-place sources (i.e., historical sediment contamination) is not well understood. Likewise, the BUIs “degradation of benthos” and “restrictions on dredging” can in part be related to sources of historical contamination which have been remediated to some degree. The determination of the most cost-effective means of further remediation by dredging, and the assessment of cost/benefit of further removal vs. natural remediation should also be examined. Further study that reflects current conditions is required in order to make a sound judgment on “tainting of fish and wildlife flavour”. Similarly, supplementary investigation is required within the St. Clair River AOC to elucidate possible contaminant-induced biological responses relating to the BUIs “fish tumours and other deformities” and “bird and animal deformities or reproductive problems”. Delisting criteria need to be established for the latter BUI as none currently exist. In regards to the “consumption of wildlife” and “body burdens of wildlife”, additional monitoring studies should be conducted to determine current tissue contaminant concentrations in over wintering waterfowl and other local game species. Beach closings continue, but clearly the actions taken by all communities to eliminate CSOs, illegal sewer connections, leaking septics, as well as treatment plant upgrades must be recognized. At some point we must evaluate the role of non-point sources of pollution, and whether the cost of further remediation to ensure that no beach is closed at any point during the recreational season is warranted to delist this BUI. Aesthetic degradation is more easily assessed and may be on the verge of being delisted. The reduction in spills to the river since the early and mid 1970’s contributes to the improving condition of this BUI but reevaluation is necessary.


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Habitat continues to be lost despite restoration and enhancement actions taken by land stewardship initiatives, non-profit groups and agencies from all levels of government in both the United States and Canada. Although substantial effort has been made to restore terrestrial habitat and control non-point sources of pollution, an endeavor to quantify the current habitat status within the entire AOC, followed by an evaluation against the established delisting criteria are crucial for both sides of the St. Clair River AOC. Current information is required from both Michigan and Ontario initiatives to properly evaluate progress. It would seem that the primary message from this update report is that we are seeing improvements in the environmental quality of the St. Clair River AOC. Nonetheless, all 45 implementation actions summarized in the 1995 Stage 2 Recommended Plan have yet to be completed and a full accounting of pollutant loadings is required for both U.S. and Canadian watersheds. It is also clear that all parties involved in the St. Clair River RAP process should undertake an objective evaluation of all assumptions and delisting criteria for each BUI based on knowledge gained and the current science. With this in mind, development of a clear and practical program for further remedial actions necessary to restore and delist the AOC will be possible.


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9.0 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS

1. A remedial action plan (RAP) implementation committee (RIC) is needed to function as the focal point for coordination, implementation and tracking of remedial actions in the St. Clair River AOC.

2. Monitoring of long-term trends in metals and organic compounds in water, sediment, fish and wildlife should continue in order to track the effectiveness of industry and municipal implementation actions as well as the removal and remediation of contaminated sediment in the St. Clair River.

3. In regards to “restrictions on fish consumption”, the relative role of contaminants originating from the Great Lakes basin, local on-going and local in-place sources (i.e., historical sediment contamination) is not well understood. A greater effort to determine contaminant sources is required.

4. Biennial fish collections and contaminant analysis for the upper, middle and lower St. Clair River is necessary to establish contaminant trends and to determine the effects of sediment remediation.

5. Given the contrasting results between the 1995 olfactory sensory evaluation of tainting of walleye flesh and the 1996-97 Angler survey, further assessment is recommended in order to reflect current conditions in the AOC. Furthermore, participation from First Nations and U.S. Anglers is a requisite for future studies in order to represent all stakeholders.

6. An investigation of older fish is suggested for the St. Clair River AOC to further examine “fish tumors and other deformities”.

7. Additional monitoring studies are required to determine the extent to which contaminant exposure and uptake occurs in mergansers, over-wintering waterfowl and other game species to address the BUIs “consumption of wildlife” and “body burdens of wildlife”. Wildlife contaminant monitoring is required within the Delta areas of WIFN territory to characterize north-south portions of different channels i.e., Chenal Ecarté, Johnston, Chematogan and Bassett Channels.

8. A review of the BUI “bird and animal deformities and reproductive problems” is essential and delisting criteria need to be developed for the St. Clair AOC. Because observations of elevated contaminant burdens in wildlife alone are not indications of ecological degradation, additional research is needed to investigate possible contaminant-induced effects.

9. The BUIs “degradation of benthos” and “restrictions to dredging” may be related to both current and historical contaminant discharges which have been reduced or eliminated. The determination of the most cost-effective means for further remediation by dredging, and the assessment of cost/benefit in further removal vs. natural recovery should be re-visited. The BEnthic Assessment of SedimenT (Beast) methodology will further address the concern over mercury biomagnification. At this point in time it may be necessary to decide how best to have cooperation from all parties, including industry. Further research is needed to address chironomid mouth-part deformities.

10. The delisting criteria for “restrictions on drinking water consumption or taste and odour problems” and “added cost to agriculture or industry” require reassessment given the recent spills to the St. Clair River. Further information is needed regarding spill prevention, notification and reporting mechanisms.

11. The re-establishment of a Habitat Work Group is required for the AOC. This will facilitate development of an updated inventory of aquatic and terrestrial habitats on both the U.S. and Canadian sides of the St. Clair River AOC and to determine the status of the BUI “loss of fish and wildlife habitat”.


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12. With increasing budget constraints faced by many agencies involved in the remediation processes, efforts to coordinate and integrate studies should be made in order to concomitantly address multiple BUIs i.e., “tainting of fish flavour”, “restrictions on fish consumption”, “body burdens in fish” and fish tumours and other deformities”. Standardized sample collections, standardized pathology diagnosis, and determining numbers for statistical confidence should be considered in the study design.


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REFERENCES Refer to Volume 2 for list of data documents including detailed annotations. Ashpole, S.L. 2003. Contaminant levels and embryonic development of the snapping turtle (Chelydra s. serpentine) from selected Great Lakes Areas of Concern. MSc. Thesis, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario. Beak International Incorporated. 1996. Environmental assessment of the Upper St. Clair River sediments and benthic macroinvertebrate communities 1994; draft report prepared for Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Sarnia, 82 p. Bedard, D. and S. Petro, 1997. Laboratory sediment bioassay report on upper St. Clair River sediments in the vicinity of industrial point sources – 1994 and 1995. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Standards Development Branch. Etobikoke, Ontario, 76 pp. Canada Ontario 2001. St. Clair River Contaminated Sediment Update. Formal update letter sent to St. Clair River BPAC and Communities, September 2001. Canadian Wildlife Service (CWS). 1997. Untitled; unpublished memorandum to L. McLachlan, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, from D. Stewart, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ontario Region, regarding contaminants in waterfowl, 2p. Accompanied by media backgrounder entitled CWS Survey of Contaminants in Waterfowl, 12p. Dawson. J. 2000. Fish stories: a profile of fishing and fish consumption in the St. Clair River Area. Health Canada, Project Number K341813. de Solla, S.R. and Fernie, K.J. 2004. Characterization of contaminants in snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentine) from Canadian Lake Erie Areas of Concern: St. Clair River, Detroit River, and Wheatley Harbour, Environmental Pollution 132, 101-112. Dow Chemical Canada Inc. 2001. Dow to remediate St. Clair River sediments near its property. Manufacturing Site News Release March 22, 2001 (www.dow.ca/dow_news/image/sub_man.gif) Dutz, J. 1998. The St. Clair river Area of Concern binational Habitat Management Plan. Submitted to the St. Clair River Remedial Action Plan Habitat Sub-Committee and Binational Public Advisory Council. Ecologistics Limited, 1996. Untitled: Unpublished memoranda (2) to Mr. G. Johnson, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, regarding plans for dredging project 761145, on behalf of Transport Canada (Harbours and Pors), and project 761319, on behalf of the Canadian Coast Guard, by Ecologistics Limited, Waterloo, Ontario; accompanied by appendicies containing results of sample analyses, 48p. Farara, D.G. and A.J. Burt, 1997. Assessment of Upper St. Clair River Sediments and benthic macroinvertebrate communities -1994. Report prepared for Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy by Beak International Incorporated. Brampton, Ontario. Great Lakes Environmental Center and Limno Tech. 2005. Great Lakes Connecting Channels Data Evaluation and Trend Analysis Report. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Report# MI/DEQ/WB-05/049.


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Harris, I.W.E. 1994. Analysis of fecal coliform data from the Ontario and Michigan shorelines of the St. Clair River: 1984-1994; unpublished report, Hazcheck Enterprises, 11p. Harris, I.W.E. 1995a. Analysis of fecal coliform data from the Ontario and Michigan shorelines of the St. Clair River: supplement 1995; unpublished report, Hazcheck Enterprises, 4 p. Harris, I.W.E. 1995b. Analysis of fecal coliform data from combined sewer monitoring program of the Utilities Division, City of Port Huron, Michigan: 1993-1995; unpublished report, Hazcheck Enterprises, 19 p. Harris, I.W.E. 1996. Invertebrate populations in near-shore sediments of the St. Clair River, 1990-1995; unpublished report, Hazcheck Enterprises, 50p. Hayes, T. 2002. St. Clair River fish liver tumour study. Report prepared for Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario. International Joint Commission. 2004. Air Quality in Selected Binational Great Lakes Urban Regions. International Air Quality Advisory Board ISBN 1-894280-44-X pp.67 Jermyn, K. and Weseloh, D.V. Organochlorine Contaminants and Toxic Equivalents in Eggs of Forster’s Terns (Sterna forsteri) from Lake St. Clair and Lake Simcoe, Ontario, 1999. Canadian Wildlife Service, Unpublished paper. Kanter, E.M. 1996. Tri-County landowner and municipal stewardship of natural heritage sites: unpublished report prepared on behalf of Stewardship Kent, Middlesex Stewardship Committee, Rural Lambton Stewardship Network, Rondeau Bay Watershed Rehabilitation Project, and Carolinian Canada, November, 1996. 78p. Kauss, P.B. 1997, Contaminants in benthic invertebrates associated with upper St. Clair River sediments. Technical Memorandum. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Surface Water Section, December 17. 5 pp Kauss, P.B. 1999, St. Clair River cage mussel monitoring data. Technical Memorandum. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Surface Water Section, December 22. 5 pp. LHU-OMOE. 1994. St. Clair river survey; unpublished report (bacteriological survey, 1994), Lambton Health Unit and Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Sarnia, 18p. LIS, 1997. 1995 annual report, water quality assessment program (draft); unpublished technical report prepared by Ortech Corporation for the Lambton Industrial Society, Sarnia, 46p. MacKenie, B. 1996. St. Clair bacteria contamination survey; draft report, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Sarnia, August 23, 1996, 55p. Martin, P.A., McDaniel, T.V., Hunter, B. 2004. Temporal and Spatial Trends in Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Concentrations of Mink in Canadian Lakes Erie and St. Clair - 1978 to 2002. In preparation.


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Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, 1997. Untitled; Unpublished memorandum to Mr. R. Kemp, City of Port Huron, May 1, 1997, from T. Benton, Community Water Supply Section, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, regarding St. Clair River water quality, 1p. Myllyoya, R. and Johnson, G. 995. St. Clair River remedial action plan fish tainting evaluation; draft report (includes evaluation sheets, photographs), pp 21 Ortech Corporation 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001. Annual Reports, Water Quality Assessment Program. Prepared for the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association. Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) 2001. CEAA Screening of the Maintenance Dredging of the South East Bend Cutoff Channel, Lower St. Clair River, Ontario. Attachment A, Draft Project Specifications. MDEQ 1997. Untitled; unpublished memorandum to Mr. F. Kemp, City of Port Huron, May 1, 1997, from T. Benton, Community Water Supply Section, Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, regarding St. Clair River water quality, 1p. Michigan Department of Community Health (MDHC) 2001. Michigan 2001 Fish Advisory. Pamphlet for Public Distribution. OMOE 1997. Untitled; unpublished memorandum to Mr. R. Lalonde, Mr. F. Kemp, March 19, 1997, from H. Wigle, Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Sarnia, regarding restrictions on drinking water consumption in the St. Clair River, 3p. OMOE. 1997. Untitle; Unpublished memorandum to Dr. B. Warwick, Environment Canada, Regina, regarding review of assessing chemical contamination in the St. Clair river using morphological deformities in chironomid larvae, introduction by Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, Sarnia, March 7, 1997, 11p. OMOE 2003. Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish 2003-2004, Booklet for Public Distribution (ISSN 0826-9653); Queen’s Printer for Ontario, Toronto, ON. OMOE 2003, Summary of 2001 St. Clair River Sediment Core Data, Technical Memorandum, Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch. (Eds., M. Thorburn, C. Rusmir, D. Boyd). 46p. Restum, J.C., Bursian, S.J., Giesy, J.P., Render, J.A., Helferich, W.G., Shipp, E.B., Verbrugge, D.A. Multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of PCB-Contaminated carp from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron on mink. 1. Effects on mink reproduction, kit growth and survival, and selected biological parameters. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A. 54, 343-375. St. Clair County, 1997. analysis of 1997 data on water sampling for coliform along the shores of Lake Huron and the St. Clair and Black River; unpublished report, prepared bystaff of the City of Port Huron WWTP, data provided by St. Clair County Health Department, 25 p. Thorburn, M., Rusmir, C., Boyd, D. 2003. Summary of 2001 St. Clair River Sediment Core Data. Ontario Monitoring and Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Technical Memorandum. Weseloh, D.V. (Chip), and Jermyn, K. Breeding Biology and Contaminant Levels in Black Terns (Chlidonias niger) in Southern Ontario. Canadian Wildlife Service. Unpublished paper.


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Wolfe, M.F., Schwarzbach, S., and R.A. Sulaiman. 1998. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17, 146-160. Wren, C.D., Hunter, D.B., Letherland, J.F., and Stokes, P. 1987. The effects of polychlorinated biphenyls and methylmercury, singly and in combination, on mink. 1. Uptake and toxic responses. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 16, 441-447.


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ACRONYMS AOC: Area of Concern BATEA: Best Available Technology Economically Achievable BEC: Binational Executive Committee BPAC: Binational Public Advisory Council BTEX: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes CCG: Canadian Coast Guard COA: Canada-Ontario Agreement Respecting the Great Lakes Basin Ecosystem C of A: Certificates of Approval CSO: combined sewer overflows CURB: Clean Up Rural Beaches CWS: Canadian Wildlife Service DDT: dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane DFO: Fisheries and Oceans Canada EAA: Ontario Environmental Assessment Act EBR: Environmental Bill of Rights EC: Environment Canada EPA: Environmental Assessment Act GLWQA: Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement HCB: hexachlorobenzene HCBD: hexachlorobutadiene IJC: International Joint Commission LaMP: Lakewide Management Plan MDEQ: Michigan Department of Environmental Quality MISA: Municipal-Industrial Strategy for Abatement OCS: octachlorostyrene ODWS: Ontario Drinking Water Standards (formerly the Ontario Drinking Water Objectives) OMAF: Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food OMNR: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources OMOE: Ontario Ministry of Environment PAH: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PCB: polychlorinated biphenyls PEL: Probable Effects Level PWGSC: Public Works and Government Services Canada PWQMN: Provincial Water Quality Monitoring Network PWQO: Provincial Water Quality Objectives RAP: Remedial Action Plan RIC: Remedial Action Plan Implementation Committee SLEA: Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (formerly the Lambton Industrial Society) TDI: Tolerable Daily Intake TOC: total organic carbon USEPA: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency UTRCA: Upper Thames River Conservation Authority VOC: volatile organic compounds WIFN: Walpole Island First Nation WPCP: Wastewater pollution control plants


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APPENDIX 1. SUMMARY OF RAP IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES

ONTARIO

Basell Canada Inc. (formerly Montell Canada Inc.)

• reduced air emissions by 10 % in 1997 • completed characterization step of the Leak Detection and Repair program at the Sarnia Plant in

1998 LANXESS Inc.

• Instituted an employee Household Hazardous Waste Day in 1997 • Instituted operational measures to remove residual ammonia from the area of the Ammonia

Refrigeration Unit during shutdowns resulting in the elimination of atmospheric releases • In 1997, completed a process change at the rubber plant in which less toxic cyclohexane replaces

benzene in the reactor feed • Between 2000 and 2003 spent over $3 million on several projects including:

o Installation of a secondary cooling loop water system the Butyl 1 facility to prevent process chemicals from leaking into river cooling water

o Diversion of all process water and rainwater from processing areas to the BIOX plant o Treatment of all landfill rainwater at the BIOX plant o Installation of a secondary cooling loop system for oil from the compressor system at one

operating facility o Institution of a spill prevention plan including construction of containment areas to divert

spills and rainwater to the BIOX plant o Installation of a sophisticated monitoring system for all once through cooling water for

selected chemicals o Upgrading of the pre-treatment area of the wastewater treatment plant o Replacement of sewer effluent monitoring analyzers

Cabot Canada Ltd.

• Installed bin vent filters on all finished product storage tanks to prevent release of fine particulates

Dow Chemical Canada Inc.

• River Separation Program (RSP) – a series of projects to eliminate spills and harmful discharges to the St. Clair River from operations was initiated in 1990

• The RSP included installation of new cooling tower at the Sarnia Site Polystyrene unit to eliminate the risk of hydrocarbons being released to the river

• In 1996, Dow removed the most contaminated sediments in the St. Clair River at the discharge of the Cole Drain

• In 1998 the RSP included the closing of the final two sewers • Between 1994 and 1999 Dow has eliminated the area around the Scott Road landfill as a source

of chlorinated organic chemicals to the river • Remediation of contaminated sediments in the bottom of the Cole Drain (1998-99) has eliminated

a residual source of contaminants to the river • The Scott Road effluent discharge was eliminated in late 1999


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• In June, 2001 the final phase of Dow’s River Separation program was completed – this program has contributed to the prevention of all spills to the river since 1998

• The most highly contaminated sediments in the river offshore of the facility are undergoing remediation with 9,300 cubic yards removed in 2003

DuPont Canada Inc.

• in 1997 and 1998 reduced volumes of solid waste by 12.7% and 13% resulting in a total reduction of 81% since 1991

Ethyl Canada Inc.

• continuing efforts to ensure double containment at all unmonitored process outlets • upgraded hydrocarbon monitoring system on plant’s outfall to enhance reliability • in 1998 eliminated the only remaining wastewater stream from final combined effluent resulting

in occasional controlled batch discharges (rather than continuous) as the only process wastewater from the facility

• since 2000 have reduced total water use per unit of production by >70% (>90% since 1994) and have reduced total effluent volume by >65% (>85% since 1994)

Fibrex Insulations Inc.

• in 1997, installed insulation scrap recycler for off-specification product (5% landfill reduction) • between 1993 and 1999, reduced coke consumption in plant’s coke-fired cupola to one-fifth (2

million kg) by consistent measurement, reporting and improved process control Imperial Oil Limited

• in 1996/97, over 400 leaking valves were restored with state-of-the-art technology resulting in air emission reductions of 300 to 350 tonnes per year

• in 1998, benzene emissions declined from 59 to 14 tonnes through the elimination of process vents, installation of floating tank roofs, installation of an on-line analyzer, and implementation of an annual leak detection and repair program (reduced by 85% between 1993 and 1998)

Ontario Power Generation Lambton Generating Station

• upgraded particulate collection equipment and stack emission monitoring instrumentation with technology which reduces energy consumption by 30 % for the particulate collection system

• in 1998, opened new $10 million effluent treatment system consisting of two clarifiers and other equipment allowing separation of suspended solids in wastewater from the boiler prior to discharge

• in 1999, installed Artificial Intelligence software on all four generating units resulting in a 15% reduction in NOx and 0.5% improvement in heat rate

NOVA Chemicals

• upgraded Styrene facility in Sarnia to eliminate use of aluminum chloride as a catalyst resulting in elimination of potential for accidental hydrogen chloride gas releases and site waste reduction of approximately 750 tonnes per year

• in 1998, installed new $13 million state-of-the-art stripping tower which captures virtually 100% of the cyclohexane used in the A-Line process


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• in 1999 implemented the EB Upgrade Project at an estimated cost of about $130 million which resulted in the reduction or elimination of hazardous waste streams (spent caustic waste, clarifier sludge waste, 1-4 emulsion waste) and reduced styrene air emissions by about 5 tonnes/yr

• following December 2000 spill at its DPG plant in Corunna, Nova undertook retrofitting of pipes and valves in order to prevent future occurrences

• storm water mitigation projects at Corunna have eliminated all discharges since December 2000(US$659,000)

• instituted groundwater monitoring project at the Corunna site to reduce the potential of off site migration of contaminants

• at the St. Clair River site, process improvements have resulted in a reduction of cyclohexane to the river by 74%

• several projects resulting in air emission reductions of styrene, naphthalene, hydrocarbons, and cyclohexane at various facilities (total costs >$1.9 million)

Shell Canada Products

• in 1998 constructed concrete viaducts under the St. Clair Parkway to protect piping of liquid hydrocarbon fuels and solvents from road salt corrosion

• developed an Environmental Management System which has achieved and maintained ISO 14001 certification

Sunoco Inc.

• on-going pollution control efforts resulted in 1997 benzene emissions being reduced by 80% over 1990 levels (10 versus 49 tonnes)

• in 1999 the refinery achieved certification under ISO 14001 Terra Nitrogen

• - completed second phase of $1.4 million water separation project in 1997 MICHIGAN Crown Paper – Port Huron

• facility switched to a process additive at the screw presses (dewatering of solids) that has significantly reduced toxicity levels in effluent

• in the early 1990s, the plant installed spill containment structures; installed lamella for improved solids removal; and trained staff for the separation of coating waste from the paper machine process waste

• during 1999, upgraded clarifiers and developed an operational change to allow operators to divert heavy coating losses from specific areas in the mill to the dump chest.

Cargill Salt

• installed two 50,000 gallon tanks for the collection of process water overflow which is then injected back into wells (salt caverns) instead of overflowing to river

• installed conductivity alarms for condensers for discharge from multiple effect evaporators and installed remote pH and conductivity indicators to monitor the wastewater at the boiler house and the Alberger (flake salt evaporator)


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• installed recirculation systems for the dust collectors (reusing process water for dust collection) along with a small well pump that cuts back intake of brine from the caverns.

Domtar (formerly E.B. Eddy)

• installed neutralization/equalization tank to equalize flow of process water and provide process isolation capability for up to 4 hours of process water flow

• in 1995, started wastewater treatment facility for Blue Water Fiber including primary and secondary treatment

• in 1997, added indirect heat exchanger/cooling tower system to Blue Water Fiber waste treatment system

• in 1999, added a dissolved air floatation clarifier to the Blue Water Fiber system and added additional air capabilities to Blue Water Fiber’s secondary treatment system

• since early 1990s, added computer upgrades throughout E.B. Eddy Plant for better for treatment plant optimization

• replaced lift station pumps for better control of process water throughout the E.B. Eddy plant • switched from chlorine gas to calcium hypochlorite (solid) to chlorinate effluent.

DECO St. Clair Plant

• no changes since 1990 DECO Marysville

• no changes since 1990 DECO Belle River

• installed an extra surge basin in the bottom ash transport system that discharges the treated wastewater to the St. Clair River (formerly discharged to the Belle River).


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APPENDIX 2. PROVINCIAL AND FEDERAL SEDIMENT QUALITY GUIDELINES (ng/g) FOR SELECTED ORGANIC CHEMICALS AND MERCURY Chemical Federal TELa Federal PELb Provincial LEL Provincial SELd

Total PCBs 34.1 277 70 530,000 OCS NA HCB NA NA 20 24,000 Total PAHS NA NA 4,000 Mercury 170 486 200 2,000 NA, not available a TEL = threshold effects level b PEL = probable effects level c LEL = lowest effects level d SEL = severe effects level


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APPENDIX 3. SUMMARY OF RAP DELISTING CRITERIA Beneficial Use Impairments

Delisting Criteria

Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption

When contaminant levels in fish and wildlife populations do not exceed current standards, objectives or guidelines, and no public health advisories are in effect for human consumption of fish or wildlife. Contaminant levels in fish and wildlife must not be due to contaminant input from the watershed.

Tainting of Fish and Wildlife Flavour

When survey results confirm no tainting of fish or wildlife flavor (IJC delisting criteria).

Fish Tumours and other Deformities

When the incidence rates of fish tumors or other deformities do not exceed rates at unimpacted control sites and when survey data confirm the absence of neoplastic or preneoplastic liver tumors in bullheads or suckers (IJC delisting criteria).

Bird or Animal Deformities or Reproductive Problems

No specific delisting criteria are developed for bird and animal deformities or reproductive problems.

Degradation of Benthos When invertebrate community structure can be documented as unimpaired or intermediate as defined by recent OMOEE benthic investigations.

Restrictions on Dredging Activities

No limitations on disposal of dredging spoils.

Restrictions on Drinking Water Consumption or Taste and Odour Problems

No treatment plant shutsdowns due to exceedences of drinking water guidelines over a two year period

Beach Closings Zero beach closings based on fecal coliform standards regulating beach closings over a two year period.

Degradation of Aesthetics When over a two year period there is/are no, objectionable deposits, unnatural colour or turbidity, unnatural odour or unnatural scum/floating materials.

Added Cost to Agriculture or Industry

No plant shutdowns attributable to water quality over a two year period. No added costs for the disposal of contaminated sediments.


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Beneficial Use Impairments

Delisting Criteria

Loss of Fish and Wildlife Habitat

Protection: 1. Ensure that sufficient enforceable mechanisms are in place to protect existing aquatic and wetland habitat from cultural destruction or degradation, including filling, dredging, adversely affecting the hydrology, cutting or removing vegetation required for habitat, and allowing pollutants such as sediment, excess nutrients or toxic substances to enter aquatic or wetland habitat. 2. Acquisition: Acquire into public ownership an additional 800 acres (324 ha) of wetland habitat in Michigan by the year 2000. 3. Protect existing habitat in Ontario. Restoration and Enhancement: 1. Of the 5200 ha (12,844 acres) identified as Candidate Sites in Ontario, complete the following habitat rehabilitation projects by the year 2000: - Chenal Ecarte Wetland Creation (155 ha) (384 acres) - Stag Island (80 ha) (198 acres) - Darcy McKeough Floodway (445 ha) (1,100 acres) 2. Reclaim and restore 200 acres (81 ha) of Michigan state-owned public bottomlands currently in private use by the year 2000. 3. Restore an additional 150 acres (61 ha) of wet prairie/meadow habitat in Michigan by the year 2000 4. Enhance 2000 acres (809 ha) or wildlife habitat in Michigan by the year 2000 5. A long term habitat management plan for both Michigan and Ontario, including an assessment of needs (GAP analysis) relating to wildlife diversity and integrity, will be completed to ensure continued habitat restoration and protection beyond RAP delisting.

ST. CLAIR RIVER RAP PROGRESS REPORT

Volume 2 – Technical Addendum

Draft copy provided by: North-South Environmental Inc.

Campbellville, ON

Additional research by: Greg Mayne, Environment Canada

Editing by: Sandra George, Jennifer Vincent and Luca Cargnelli, Environment Canada

Ted Briggs, Ontario Ministry of the Environment Stewart Thornley, contractor to the Ontario Ministry of the Environment

March 2005

St. Clair River RAP Progress Report Volume 2 – Technical Addendum

i

FOREWORD This volume provides a summary of reports and key data pertaining to sediment, water, biota and air since the 1997 Update Report. For each data report, a full citation is provided along with a short annotated description of the report contents. Full data tables of MISA loadings and Michigan NPDES Permit results are provided in the appendices. These data tables support the descriptions and interpretations provided in Volume 1 but are too large to include in the summary volume. Other data and information provided by individual government scientists, government agencies and industry are referenced only in Volume 1 with the exception of the head and mouth survey data provided by C.H. Chan of Environment Canada. The reports and data described in this volume are synthesized and interpreted with regard to their implications on the implementation of remedial actions within the AOC and the resulting status of Impairments to Beneficial Uses in the companion volume (Volume 1) of this St. Clair River RAP Progress Report.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD….. ...........................................................................................................................................................i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................. ii SUMMARY OF REPORTS..........................................................................................................................................1

A. Water Quality........................................................................................................................................................1 1997 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program....................................................................................1 1998 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program....................................................................................1 1999 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program....................................................................................2 1986 to 2001 St. Clair River Head and Mouth Surveys.........................................................................................2 1996 to 2001 MISA Monitoring Data for Ontario Point Source Dischargers........................................................2

B. Sediment Quality ..................................................................................................................................................3 2000 Lower St. Clair River Dredge Spoil Monitoring Study ................................................................................3

C. Biota Quality.........................................................................................................................................................3 Binational Habitat Management Plan ....................................................................................................................3 The Effects of Dredging versus the Effects of River Restoration on Mill Creek ..................................................3 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Survey ........................................................................................................................4 Sport Fish Contaminant Monitoring ......................................................................................................................4 Wildlife Contaminants Monitoring........................................................................................................................5

D. Air Quality ............................................................................................................................................................5 National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), Environment Canada ....................................................................5

DATA APPENDIX 1. MISA MONITORING DATA FOR ONTARIO POINT SOURCE DISCHARGES ...............7 Data Appendix 1a. Petroleum Sector.........................................................................................................................7

Gross average 1994 to 1998 flows and loadings for Imperial Oil Products and Chemicals Division, Sarnia. ......7 Gross average flows and loadings for Shell Canada Products, Corunna. ............................................................10 Gross average flows and loadings for Suncor Inc. (Sunoco Division), Sarnia. ...................................................14 Gross average flows and loadings for Suncor Inc. (Sunoco Division), Sarnia. ...................................................14

Data Appendix 1b. Organic Chemicals Sector ........................................................................................................18 Gross average flows and loadings for Amoco Canada Resources Ltd., Sarnia. ..................................................18 Gross average flows and loadings for Bayer Inc., Sarnia. ...................................................................................21 Gross average flows and loadings for Chinook Group Ltd., Sombra. .................................................................26 Gross average lows and loadings for Dow Chemical Canada Inc., Sarnia. .........................................................28 Gross average flows and loadings for Ethyl Canada Inc., Corunna.....................................................................34 Gross average flows and loadings for Imperial Oil Chemicals Division, Sarnia.................................................36 Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Corunna...........................................38 Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Mooretown. .....................................40 Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Mooretown. .....................................42


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Data Appendix 1c. Inorganic Chemicals Sector ......................................................................................................44 Gross average flows and loadings for Cabot Canada Ltd., Sarnia.......................................................................44 Gross average flows and loadings for Praxair Canada Inc., Mooretown. ............................................................46 Gross average 1997 to 1998 flows and loadings for Praxair Canada Inc., Mooretown. ......................................48

Data Appendix 1d. Thermal Generating Sector.......................................................................................................50 Gross average flows and loadings for Ontario Power Generation Lambton TGS, Courtright.............................50

DATA APPENDIX 2. NPDES PERMIT COMPLIANCE SYSTEM MONITORING DATA FOR MICHIGAN POINT SOURCES 1995 TO 1998 ..............................................................................................................................53

Data Appendix 2a. Annual point source loads for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 for industrial facilities.................53 Data Appendix 2b. Annual point source loads for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 for Waste Water Sewage Lagoons and Waste Water Treatment Plants..........................................................................................................................54

DATA APPENDIX 3. ENVIRONMENT CANADA HEAD AND MOUTH RESULTS FOR METALS AND ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN WHOLE WATER .......................................................................................................55

Figure 1. Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane in whole water samples collected from head ( Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (from Environment Canada; 1987 to March 1999). .................................55 Figure 2. Pyrene in whole water samples collected from head (Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; January 1988 to March 2001; detection limit before 2000 = 0.0002 mg/L – lower afterward). ...........................................................................................................................................................56 Figure 3. Fluoranthene in whole water samples collected from head (Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; January 1988 to March 2001; detection limit before 2000 = 0.0002 mg/L – lower afterward). .................................................................................................................................................57

DATA APPENDIX 4. AIR EMISSIONS DATA FOR SELECTED CHEMICALS AND INDUSTRIES LOCATED ON THE SHORES OF THE ONTARIO SIDE OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER............................................................59

Table 1. Historical substance reports for air emissions (tonnes) data for selected chemicals and industries on the Ontario side of the St. Clair River. ......................................................................................................................59

DATA APPENDIX 5. CONTAMINANT MONITORING RESULTS FOR WHITE SUCKER AND WALLEYE FROM THE ST. CLAIR RIVER.................................................................................................................................63

Table 1. Mean (SE) mercury and total PCB concentrations in walleye and white suckers from the Upper, Middle and Lower St. Clair River between 1978 and 2003.................................................................................63

DATA APPENDIX 6. COMPARATIVE WILDLIFE CONTAMINANT TISSUE BURDENS ...............................64 Table 1. A comparison of the mean contaminant concentrations (ng/g, standard deviation) in eggs of snapping turtles and terns, and livers of mink collected from the vicinity of Walpole Island First Nations territory, reference sites, and other areas of concern (1992-2002)......................................................................................64


1

SUMMARY OF REPORTS A. Water Quality 1997 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program

Source: Ortech Corporation 1998 Where: Courtright pumphouse station on the St. Clair River What: continuous (once per hour) water monitoring for target compounds Data Available: Tables summarizing method detection limits, historical episodes with concentrations greater

than 1 ppb for select contaminants (note: the parameters have changed over the period summarized), monthly summaries of results for 17 contaminants (expressed in terms of guideline exceedence--not absolute values.

Prepared by the Ortech Corporation for the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (formerly Lambton Industrial Society), this report summarizes the 1997 sampling program. In 1997, 8,642 samples were analyzed for 20 different compounds (primarily volatile organics) resulting in 172,840 separate results. Only 1968 of the results showed values higher than or equal to the method detection limit (MDL--minimum concentration of a substance that can be identified, measured and reported with 99% confidence that the concentration is greater than zero). No results equaled or exceeded the MOEE advisory levels. It is not possible to directly compare the number of results greater than the MDLs for all the years of operation due to the implementation of lower MDLs in May 1991 and September 1995. The resulting trend shows that while the total number of detections has remained constant, the number of results greater than advisory levels has declined substantially with the exception of 1996. In 1996, results that exceeded advisory levels were attributed to a non-industrial source. As expected, pH levels did not fluctuate notably during 1997, and the temperature of the river was comparable to that of previous years with the exception of May and June which were seen to be the coldest since 1990. 1998 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program



Prepared by the Ortech Corporation for the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (formerly Lambton Industrial Society), this report summarizes the 1998 sampling program. In 1998, 8,526 samples were analyzed for 20 different compounds (primarily volatile organics) resulting in 170,520 separate results. Only 2468 of the results showed values higher than or equal to the method detection limit (MDL--minimum concentration of a substance that can be identified, measured and reported with 99% confidence that the concentration is greater than zero). Only one result equaled or exceeded the MOEE advisory levels. It is not possible to directly compare the number of results greater than the MDLs for all the years of operation due to the implementation of lower MDLs in May 1991 and September 1995. The resulting trend shows that while the total number of detections has remained constant, the number of results greater than advisory levels has declined substantially with the exception of 1996. In 1996, results that exceeded advisory levels were attributed to a non-industrial source. As expected, pH levels did not fluctuate notably during 1998, and the temperature of the river was comparable to that of previous years with the exception of February, September, October and December which were seen to be the warmest since 1990.


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1999 Annual Report, Water Quality Assessment Program



Prepared by the Ortech Corporation for the Sarnia-Lambton Environmental Association (formerly Lambton Industrial Society), this report summarizes the 1999 sampling program. In 1999, 8,567 samples were analyzed for 20 different compounds (primarily volatile organics) resulting in 171,340 separate results. Only 2910 of the results showed values higher than or equal to the method detection limit (MDL--minimum concentration of a substance that can be identified, measured and reported with 99% confidence that the concentration is greater than zero). No results equaled or exceeded the MOEE advisory levels. It is not possible to directly compare the number of results greater than the MDLs for all the years of operation due to the implementation of lower MDLs in May 1991 and September 1995. The resulting trend shows that while the total number of detections has remained constant, the number of results greater than advisory levels has declined substantially with the exception of 1996. In 1996, results that exceeded advisory levels were attributed to a non-industrial source. As expected, pH levels did not fluctuate notably during 1999, and the temperature of the river was comparable to that of previous years, although January was seen to be the coldest month since 1990. 1986 to 2001 St. Clair River Head and Mouth Surveys

Source: C.H. Chan, Ecosystem Health Division, Environment Canada Where: St. Clair River at Point Edward (head) and Port Lambton (mouth) What: Monthly sampling of suspended sediments and water for selected metals, OC’s, PAH’s Data Available: Data files listing annual results at Point Edward and Port Lambton for metals (Ba, Be, Cd, Co,

Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn) and organic contaminants (OCS, HCBD, HCB, Fluorene, Phenanthrene, Pyrene, Fluoranthene).

The data consist of Excel files only and there is recent technical summary or report available. Graphs have been prepared for selected metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) and organic contaminants (OCS, HCBD and HCB) in water. These are presented in the companion synthesis report (Volume 1). 1996 to 2001 MISA Monitoring Data for Ontario Point Source Dischargers

Source: Ontario Ministry of Environment (source self-monitoring data) Where: All industrial and thermal-electric effluent discharge points What: Monthly loading data for controlled parameters The data have been provided from MOE in Excel spreadsheet format. The data are provided in Appendix 1 of this volume in tabular format by sector.


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B. Sediment Quality 2000 Lower St. Clair River Dredge Spoil Monitoring Study

Source: Public Works and Government Services Canada (PWGSC) Where: South East Bend Cutoff Channel, St. Clair Delta What: Nutrients, Metals, Pesticides, and Industrial Organics in sediment (see Volume 1) C. Biota Quality Binational Habitat Management Plan

Source: Dutz 1998 Where: St. Clair Area of Concern What: Preliminary development of a long-term binational habitat management plan including a gap

analysis Data available: A comparison of historical vegetation (amount and type) versus current vegetation (amount

and type) for Ontario and Michigan. In addition, there is a brief review of current natural area protection mechanisms in both Ontario and Michigan. Provides both short and long-term recommendations for habitat conservation and restoration.

This report is a first step in the completion of a gap analysis for the St. Clair AOC. A gap analysis attempts to determine species representation (vegetation and/or wildlife) and protection in a particular study area (in this case the AOC) and attempts to determine gaps in biodiversity representation. This gap analysis is a continuation of the Natural Heritage System (NHS) mapped for the St. Clair Area of Concern (Geomatics 1997). The NHS identified upland forest, wetland and riparian areas for the AOC. In addition, areas for restoration and rehabilitation were mapped. The NHS also examined historical vegetation in both Ontario and Michigan using early surveyor maps and journals. Limitations to the conclusions provided in this report are mainly due to the discrepancies between historical and current datasets. To allow for an accurate comparison of historical and current biodiversity the representation of current vegetation types must be determined using similar classifications as the historical data. Information is also required on the current amount of vegetation classes with protection. When all of this information is assembled it can be used to set goals to attempt to retain representation similar to historical conditions in the AOC. The interim goals of the habitat plan are to retain 10% wetland cover, 20% forest cover, and 50% riparian cover in the AOC. The Effects of Dredging versus the Effects of River Restoration on Mill Creek

Source: Mill Creek Volunteer Monitoring Project 2000 Where: Mill Creek, Michigan What: Comparison of data collected on different reaches of Mill Creek prior to and after dredging

and stream rehabilitation projects. Data Available: Water and benthic macroinvertebrate sampling at seven sites along Mill Creek in the spring

and fall of 1999 as well as the spring of 2000. Sites were chosen to represent natural stream channels, stream channels that had been dredged 50 years ago and channels to be dredged in 1999. Data collected included stream width, depth, surface water velocity, erosion, fish presence and benthic macroinvertebrates. From this data a water quality score was assigned to each sampling site.

To compare 1.75 miles of Mill Creek that were dredged and 15.25 miles that were restored data was collected on a core set of parameters using standard methods and forms (Save Our Streams). The data was verified by a DEQ biologist and entered into a State database. Seven sites along Mill Creek were sampled in the spring and fall of 1999 before the projects were initiated and sampled again in spring of 2000 after projects were completed.


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Findings indicated that only the sites that had never been dredged received the highest quality score of excellent. Water quality scores generally decreased in the fall for five of the seven sites sampled. The two sites that were dredged decreased their scores from good to fair after dredging was completed. In addition dredged sites had to have their banks reshaped four months after project completion due to erosion. A recommendation was made to apply restoration practices instead of dredging on all reaches of Mill Creek. Benthic Macroinvertebrate Survey

Source: Zaranko Environmental Assessment Services 1998 Where: Tributaries of the St. Clair River, Detroit River and Wheatley Harbour What: A survey of benthic macroinvertebrates to establish baseline water quality conditions in the

rivers surveyed. Data Available: Summary of sampling protocols, location of sites sampled, and detailed inventory of benthic

macroinvertebrates summarized by total organism density and total number of taxa for each sample. Water quality metrics determined using the Biological Monitoring and Assessment Program (BioMAP) protocols.

This report provides the results of a spring 1998 benthic macroinvertebrate survey on five tributaries of the St. Clair River (Talfourd Creek, Baby Creek, Bowens Creek, Clay Creek and Grape Run), a tributary of the Detroit River (Turkey Creek) and two watercourses associated with Wheatley Harbour (Muddy Creek and Two Creeks). The samples were processed according to the BioMAP protocols. This baseline data will be used to determine if water quality is different between benchmark and reclamation areas as well as establishing current conditions for future monitoring. Data were used to determine Water Quality Index (WQI) for each sampling site. WQI for all sampling sites was well below the unimpaired water values for creeks (WQI ≥ 14), streams (WQI ≥ 12), and rivers (WQI ≥ 10). However, trends in the total number of taxa and EPT index (number of mayfly, stonefly and caddis fly taxa) were not evident between sites sampled. This finding did not corroborate findings of the WQI. Rehabilitation target WQIs were proposed for the tributaries sampled as follows: 5.9 to > 6.5 (creeks) and 5.0 to > 5.9 (streams). No rehabilitation target was proposed for rivers. Sport Fish Contaminant Monitoring

Source: Ontario Ministry of the Environment Where: The Upper, Middle and Lower St. Clair River What: A survey of fish contaminant concentration to establish consumption guidelines the St. Clair

River. Data Available: A summary of years (1979-2001) and location of sites sampled, and contaminant

concentrations (total PCBs and mercury) in walleye and white sucker tissues. The Ontario Sport Fish Monitoring Program is carried out jointly by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment. The data collected by the two agencies is summarized in the form of a Guide to Eating Ontario Sport Fish. The data used in this report reflect their findings. Additional data was provided in order to present graphical and tabular data which depicts the temporal and spatial contaminant patterns for mercury and PCBs in the tissue of walleye and white sucker. The results for walleye reveal that mercury concentrations are highly variable, but that the Upper and Lower portions of the St. Clair River show a non-significant decreasing trend. When considering the entire River together, the high variability in the results indicates that mercury concentrations are not decreasing substantially.


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Wildlife Contaminants Monitoring

Source: Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service Where: The Lower St. Clair River in the vicinity of Walpole Island First Nation’s Territory What: A comparison among AOCs and other sites with regard to contaminant concentrations in eggs

of snapping turtle, terns and livers if mink Data Available: A summary of multiple contaminant results in various species studied on Walpole Island First

Nation Territory collected throughout the 1990s and as recent as 2002. There is no systematic monitoring program that examines environmental contaminant exposure and health effects in wildlife inhabiting the St. Clair AOC. Reasons for this are associated with the quality and quantity of wildlife habitat. Much of the shoreline on both sides of the Upper St. Clair River is urbanized/industrialized, and construction of bulkheads along the riverbanks further reduces the amount of suitable wildlife habitat. By contrast, the lower St. Clair River is shallow and slow-moving, and the extensive St. Clair Flats and the associated wetlands of Walpole Island First Nation have provided more opportunity for wildlife contaminant monitoring. PCB concentration in snapping turtles, terns and mink are lower than many other AOCs but still exceed the RAP yardstick of 2.5 ng/g. In contrast, mink and snapping turtles had higher mercury concentrations than AOC and reference sites. Reproductive parameters measured for snapping turtles did not differ significantly from the inland reference site at Algonquin Provincial Park. D. Air Quality National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI), Environment Canada

Source: National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) (www.npri-inrp.com) Where: St. Clair River corridor from Pt. Edward to Walpole Island What: On site pollutant releases to the air (temporal trend data) from Ontario industries located on

the shores of the St. Clair River. Data available: Data is provided in the web page on a facility by facility basis with each parameter tabulated

separately. The National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) provides Canadians with access to information on the releases and transfers of key pollutants in their communities. It is the only national, legislated, publicly accessible inventory of its kind in Canada. The NPRI is a starting point for identifying and monitoring sources of pollution in Canada. It is an important in monitoring indicators for the quality of our air, land, and water. It is also emerging as an indicator for corporate environmental performance. Statistics from Environment Canada’s NPRI concerning the amount of air releases, in tones, of various chemical substances from 23 facilities located in Sarnia, Corunna, Courtright, and Sombra Ontario, from 1994-2002 were reviewed. The most prevalent organic chemical substances were chosen for presentation in table format. This does not indicate the extent of chemical releases and the reader is referred to the website for further statistical data.


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DATA APPENDIX 1. MISA MONITORING DATA FOR ONTARIO POINT SOURCE DISCHARGES Data Appendix 1a. Petroleum Sector Gross average 1994 to 1998 flows and loadings for Imperial Oil Products and Chemicals Division, Sarnia.

Facility: Imperial Oil Refinery, Sarnia [0000070102] Control Points: 1400 (also 1500 where noted)

Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av.

Flow (m3/day)* 1994 129280 119640 132930 124100 129160 132520 150570 160900 154430 132140 129850 130330 135487.5 1995 128450 137490 144130 147130 149930 153120 164390 171940 144880 181750 169470 149840 153543.33 1996 188480 182690 179570 181600 195300 205100 187810 169620 176320 202410 180920 181660 185956.67 1997 163680 164900 157480 168190 166950 189460 200040 190000 189680 n/a n/a n/a 176708.89 1998 152020 148130 153380 159030 167950 182710 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 160536.67 Benzene (kg/day) 1994 0.5876 0.3264 0.3162 0.2548 0.1461 0.3347 0.1724 0.1863 0.3398 0.1737 0.2103 0.1936 0.27016 1995 0.3286 0.1423 0.327 0.4341 0.4102 0.2861 0.4007 0.5522 0.09287 0.4768 0.6019 1.03 0.42356 1996 0.4963 0.3867 0.3137 0.3569 0.4586 0.1686 0.1097 0.1254 0.09816 0.5245 0.1473 0.3082 0.29117 1997 0.07315 0.08588 0.049 0.0766 0.1354 0.1171 0.06605 0.1984 0.1483 n/a n/a n/a 0.10554 1998 0.1178 0.1704 0.1645 0.3609 0.1197 0.07889 0.1131 0.075 0.1811 0.1502 0.0805 0.2095 0.1518 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1994 160.1 187.1 220.8 280.1 132.8 144 88.73 73.82 75.08 133.2 85.11 148.6 144.12 Guideline** = 859 kg/day 1995 75.29 79.05 101.7 97.72 167 121.2 239.3 94.38 65.4 104.2 307.3 262.2 142.9 1996 249.8 324.5 305.9 368.9 318.2 344.9 294.4 209.4 279.4 287.1 242.4 301.7 293.88 1997 294.3 190.9 400.9 219.6 291.8 300.3 310.3 326.4 311.8 n/a n/a n/a 294.03 1998 280.7 246.7 260.5 317.7 221.8 205.5 298.118 262.856 240.449 274.882 230.362 288.225 260.65 Total Ammonium (kg/day) 1994 5.816 7.679 7.461 12.78 3.186 9.456 18.34 3.279 3.168 57.56 19.05 13.25 13.419 Guideline** = 219 kg/day 1995 2.824 11.99 33.87 67.39 60.07 20.88 24.49 2.683 1.369 3.826 8.191 5.276 20.238 1996 6.009 23.76 10.52 11.1 7.611 22.7 9.151 8.424 8.422 0.8534 1.62 31.7 11.823 1997 1.21 3.045 1.189 1.603 20.34 23.28 1.092 1.232 2.058 n/a n/a n/a 6.1166 1998 2.459 0.5421 0.9933 4.696 0.674 0.5062 4.8122 0.2485 0.9338 74.059 2.8944 18.0615 9.24 Phenolics (kg/day) 1994 0.06061 0.06853 0.07984 0.1037 0.09508 0.08082 0.07198 0.06179 0.06575 0.0865 0.1001 0.1002 0.081242 Guideline** = 0.65 kg/day 1995 0.07347 0.08393 0.1153 0.1221 0.1391 0.09902 0.08646 0.06556 0.04032 0.08148 0.1446 0.04556 0.091408 1996 0.05126 0.06283 0.07667 0.06051 0.0732 0.05004 0.05519 0.05151 0.04811 0.03508 0.04666 0.5116 0.093555 1997 0.06822 0.04212 0.03116 0.02984 0.06727 0.08626 0.06168 0.06243 0.08777 n/a n/a n/a 0.059639 1998 0.04162 0.04781 0.04078 0.05238 0.03096 0.04214 0.03482 0.05896 0.07122 0.07895 0.06078 0.05535 0.051314 Phenolics (kg/day) (CP 1500) 1994 0.2329 0.2 0.2181 0.2116 0.2111 0.2592 0.2811 0.2876 0.2737 0.1996 0.2282 0.1975 0.23338 1995 0.134 0.1424 0.2856 0.245 0.6265 0.2716 0.2589 0.2287 0.1751 0.3482 0.313 0.18 0.26742


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1996 0.1858 0.08015 0.2251 0.2464 0.3206 0.2238 0.1732 0.1317 0.1819 0.1375 0.2358 0.1796 0.19346 1997 0.188 0.1745 0.04013 0.05125 0.08591 0.1481 0.148 0.1111 0.07623 n/a n/a n/a 0.11369 1998 0.07823 0.1061 0.1613 0.1529 0.1003 0.1156 0.15707 0.08583 0.06253 0.03365 0.88915 0.09566 0.16986 Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1994 14.33 12.19 18.61 23.21 13.11 14.94 9.62 10.77 7.315 15.01 8.904 8.095 13.009 Guideline** = 41 kg/day 1995 5.871 6.278 6.601 10.53 6.766 9.444 11.58 10.78 6.991 5.274 10.12 19.45 9.1404 1996 11.8 28.68 20.26 35.14 17.01 22.82 27.32 23.74 26.36 13.92 25.45 16.13 22.386 1997 20.29 15.82 20.1 29.86 13.9 23.2 25.19 22.08 13.35 n/a n/a n/a 20.421 1998 23.05 33.04 39.9 21.46 24.62 15.8 12.8718 22.4537 14.4796 23.517 13.4579 14.9111 21.63 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1994 241.3 346.5 472.7 418.9 424.7 355.2 119.1 110.5 72.58 200.9 170.1 98.08 252.55 Guideline** = 947 kg/day 1995 116.6 115.7 119.3 119.4 150 166.6 153.1 177.4 135 131.7 499.1 360.4 187.03 1996 435.7 557.5 406.7 532.4 483.2 442.1 291.6 316.6 501.8 333.2 617.4 579.8 458.17 1997 461.7 315.9 215 305.7 493.2 441.3 507.2 465.7 570 n/a n/a n/a 419.52 1998 475.3 409.1 403.2 380.9 315.1 274.5 670.402 386.492 397.484 464.148 392.891 450.277 418.32 Particulate Residue [RSPLOI] (kg/day) 1994 200.7 320.3 417.4 406.6 292.4 383.4 308.9 245.6 202.8 211.2 304.7 264.1 296.51 Guideline** = 738 kg/day 1995 397.7 380.6 336.7 346.5 294 311.4 368.8 297.7 286.5 346.9 389.2 418.6 347.88 1996 398.6 416.5 364.8 350.8 424.5 406.6 267.3 284.2 365.9 333.2 515.2 474.7 383.53 1997 451.4 340.5 305.9 274.5 389.2 344.1 406.9 418.2 459 n/a n/a n/a 376.63 1998 455.6 380.5 415.9 355.4 280.5 224.5 296.168 345.463 325.453 398.865 448.658 438.455 363.79 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1994 20.7 40.14 42.01 33.04 42.51 31.9 22.1 22.93 19.18 58.25 7.656 7.148 28.964 Guideline** = 316 kg/day 1995 5.1 7.671 16.82 13.87 11.75 10.98 13.36 16.92 11.5 15.51 49.23 32.99 17.142 1996 18.23 56.45 24.98 56.51 21.91 10.97 19.44 12.32 77.64 38.19 36.22 52.97 35.486 1997 82.07 53.54 37.1 67.19 74.34 53.2 82.69 32.12 110.1 n/a n/a n/a 65.817 1998 74.39 106.4 107 85.08 50.31 40.35 39.0485 54.4334 52.2938 49.7805 59.3183 89.7355 67.345 Sulphide (kg/day) 1994 0.4142 0.6388 0.5014 0.513 0.9482 0.4456 0.4317 0.4986 0.2643 0.5243 1.329 0.7963 0.60878 Guideline** = 6.3 kg/day 1995 1.412 0.6913 0.458 0.5742 1.752 0.4979 1.514 0.653 0.1069 0.2939 0.771 1.654 0.86485 1996 1.509 3.557 2.776 2.365 2.521 2.975 1.509 0.7648 1.998 0.1519 0.212 0.3799 1.7266 1997 0.3607 0.3557 0.3512 0.2044 0.1945 0.4554 0.05044 0.04916 0.1641 n/a n/a n/a 0.24284 1998 0.04157 0.9236 0.04343 0.04505 0.04001 0.08107 0.2139 0.0478 0.1127 0.3877 0.039 0.0438 0.1683 Sulphide (kg/day) (CP 1500) 1994 3.315 1.923 2.169 1.978 2.111 2.213 2.45 4.276 4.119 0 0 2.177 2.2276 1995 0 0.08221 0 0.6234 3.236 0.9463 4.848 6.594 1.683 2.994 0.721 2.98 2.059 1996 1.871 0.8025 1.745 0.7825 1.068 2.55 1.16 0.7397 0.7554 0.9039 0.8873 1.341 1.2172 1997 2.293 1.607 3.782 0.8625 0.5653 1.249 0.3502 0.3316 0.3287 n/a n/a n/a 1.2633 1998 0.2616 0.504 0.2622 0.2722 0.2963 0.3286 0.3425 0.3363 0.3457 3.976 0.2977 3.4451 0.88902


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Facility: Imperial Oil Refinery, Sarnia [0000070102] Control Points: 1400, 1500


Toluene (kg/day) 1994 0.7124 0.344 0.4362 0.3298 0.3076 0.4588 0.141 0.2051 0.144 0.2605 0.1828 0.1501 0.30603 1995 0.2613 0.1084 0.347 0.4672 0.3259 0.2577 0.3177 1.679 0.391 0.5172 0.5648 0.7316 0.4974 1996 0.5032 0.3301 0.2932 0.3041 0.3148 0.2217 0.1629 0.1489 0.1414 0.9704 0.1993 0.4076 0.33313 1997 0.08013 0.07229 0.03125 0.08331 0.1276 0.08937 0.04791 0.1372 0.2796 n/a n/a n/a 0.10541 1998 0.1157 0.1927 0.1033 0.3436 0.102 0.05772 0.0769 0.1133 0.1834 0.1056 0.0631 0.2003 0.13813 * Total of Average Monthly Flows for CP 1400 and 1500 ** Guidelines established January 01, 1996


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Gross average flows and loadings for Shell Canada Products, Corunna.

Facility: Shell Canada Products Limited, Corunna [0000510107] Control Points: 0900, 1000


Flow* m3/day 1999 15500 14620 14430 14290 15360 15560 17210 15250 14250 n/a n/a n/a 15163.3 2000 13020 14000 13260 13270 16230 17310 17320 17330 16830 14670 14410 15780 15285.8 2001 15100 16040 15120 14300 14630 16650 17830 17850 17280 15670 14870 14510 15820.8 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1994 53.98 80.33 129.90 113.10 85.78 87.06 70.50 52.41 75.62 76.68 118.50 96.27 86.68 Guideline** = 214 kg/day 1995 83.55 125.20 141.00 129.80 195.60 99.01 143.50 131.90 63.49 52.61 141.20 61.98 114.07 1996 151.40 159.70 123.30 163.90 150.10 136.20 55.18 82.40 133.70 146.70 128.60 103.30 127.87 1997 124.70 164.30 161.10 116.60 111.30 118.70 162.90 100.10 112.60 147.60 115.00 121.50 129.70 1998 131.49 104.46 138.03 95.18 103.32 100.70 113.89 95.25 108.62 89.47 85.26 69.14 102.90 1999 144.36 111.42 107.25 104.68 127.68 84.80 97.29 89.76 103.80 n/a n/a n/a 107.89 2000 64.70 99.90 76.90 72.90 133.10 99.50 62.80 100.40 139.80 86.50 86.48 109.24 94.35 2001 78.45 76.16 97.71 75.57 57.80 76.78 95.82 128.50 110.30 86.97 105.70 83.50 89.44 Ammonium (kg/day) 1994 9.978 70.180 0.785 0.782 0.507 6.029 3.652 0.247 0.347 15.390 5.284 0.610 9.483 Guideline** = 55 kg/day 1995 1.029 12.880 0.764 64.040 1.907 3.392 0 0.855 0 2.260 0.398 5.209 7.728 1996 0.898 0.767 0.500 2.283 16.250 0.684 0.695 6.548 0.603 1.284 1.264 1.972 2.812 1997 1.233 30.950 1.465 0.875 1.258 0.457 1.038 0.735 0.320 0.603 0.258 0.489 3.307 1998 1.448 1.748 10.227 1.802 0.639 0.690 0.881 0.480 0.647 0.576 0.608 1.717 1.789 1999 39.569 5.283 0.915 6.920 1.535 1.244 1.312 1.386 0.831 n/a n/a n/a 6.555 2000 2.131 3.663 0.589 0.605 1.280 0.881 0.735 0.745 0.626 1.219 4.090 1.190 1.480 2001 11.270 4.720 1.520 0.750 0.700 1.640 1.830 0.750 0.890 1.060 1.370 0.710 2.268 Benzene (kg/day) (CP1000) 1994 0.14900 0.08833 0.15220 0.11860 0.12200 0.09715 0.05796 0.04940 0.12700 0.03549 0.04833 0.08237 0.09399 1995 0 0.09572 0.07832 0.04808 0 0.14380 0.25570 0.02202 0.10200 0.11200 0.04258 0.31090 0.10093 1996 0.49750 0.21510 0.11650 0.13010 0.12260 0.02925 0.00610 0.05135 0.07335 0.02688 0.07649 0.07539 0.11838 1997 0.07916 0.01034 0.01232 0.05634 0.01705 0.05882 0.05018 0.01003 0.01875 0.01666 0 0.00382 0.02779 1998 0.11000 0.03000 0.02000 0.02000 0.04000 0.05 0.03000 0.02000 0.08000 0.03000 0.01000 0.01000 0.03750 1999 0.07000 0.07000 0.01000 0.03000 0.05000 0.02000 0.02000 0.01000 0.02000 n/a n/a n/a 0.03333 2000 0.03000 0.10000 0.07000 0.03000 0.05000 0.02000 0.02000 0.11000 0.19000 0.04000 0.06000 0.02000 0.06167 2001 0.13000 0.06000 0.04000 0.09000 0.06000 0.04000 0.02000 0.02000 0.06000 0.04929 0.10000 0 0.05577 Phenolics (kg/day) 1994 0.0382 0.0490 0.0987 0.0636 0.0780 0.0986 0.0595 0.0172 0.0436 0.0271 0.0355 0.0308 0.0533 Guideline** = 0.16 kg/day 1995 0.0417 0.0741 0.1022 0.1013 0.0513 0.0664 0.0467 0.0733 0.0386 0.0378 0.0440 0.0485 0.0605 1996 0.0423 0.0638 0.0654 0.0810 0.0898 0.1172 0.1076 0.1044 0.1090 0.1081 0.0455 0.0563 0.0825 1997 0.0530 0.0580 0.0726 0.0594 0.0533 0.0689 0.0825 0.0470 0.0369 0.0431 0.0300 0.0455 0.0542


11



1998 0.0407 0.0606 0.0700 0.0641 0.0987 0.0848 0.1385 0.1114 0.1352 0.0925 0.0874 0.1166 0.0917 1999 0.1302 0.1177 0.1357 0.1202 0.1329 0.1109 0.1589 0.1461 0.1166 n/a n/a n/a 0.1299 2000 0.1217 0.1039 0.0907 0.0706 0.0868 0.1219 0.1290 0.1069 0.1147 0.0782 0.0835 0.0753 0.0986 2001 0.1445 0.1232 0.1151 0.0927 0.0873 0.0942 0.1279 0.0705 0.0643 0.0480 0.0574 0.0385 0.0886 Phenolics (kg/day) (CP 1000) 1994 0.2173 0 0.1153 0 0.1413 0.8220 0.8333 0.2790 0.4536 0.0767 0.1113 0 0.2542 1995 0.1177 0.1101 0 0.1140 0.0361 0.1085 0.1636 0.2483 0.0902 0.0502 0.1082 0 0.0956 1996 0 0.0975 8.7340 0.1313 0.1548 0 0.0752 0 0 0.0207 0.0364 0.0542 0.7753 1997 0 0.0710 0.0165 0.0118 0.0216 0.0517 0 0 0.0163 0 0.0190 0.0506 0.0215 1998 0.0236 0.0231 0.0373 0.0157 0.0179 0.0229 0.0276 0.2715 0.1598 0.0736 0.1259 0.0674 0.0722 1999 0.0708 0.2497 0.0410 0.0995 0.0469 0.1057 0.1770 0.0257 0.2205 n/a n/a n/a 0.1152 2000 0.0220 0.07210 0.0195 0.0214 0.1197 0.0679 0.1205 0.2528 0.1178 0.0311 0.1346 0.0165 0.0830 2001 0.0328 0.01690 0.0169 0.0170 0.0187 0.0202 0.0617 0.0294 0.0272 0.0515 0.0166 0.00980 0.0266 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1994 0.6010 0.8351 12.5000 6.1130 11.7700 0.9752 15.7600 5.3690 2.8040 8.3910 14.6200 2.3440 6.8402 Guideline** = 10 kg/day 1995 3.4170 1.2540 2.4740 12.5600 6.2930 6.2650 5.2360 3.0820 4.5580 12.0600 5.1810 4.7570 5.5948 1996 3.0950 0.9521 0.9651 0.2256 0.4129 0.8191 2.1720 6.3920 3.3880 1.2980 0.7411 0.6988 1.7633 1997 0.5609 1.4880 3.3220 1.3060 0.9915 0.6228 1.1840 1.4430 4.0890 0.4206 0.9623 1.5660 1.4963 1998 1.0080 1.1900 2.8770 2.7340 0.8460 0.9940 1.9720 1.4080 1.5960 3.3450 2.6820 0.5400 1.7660 1999 0.5480 0.8580 0.9250 1.6560 2.0450 1.7740 3.1570 1.3220 4.2600 n/a n/a n/a 1.8383 2000 0.4800 0.9500 0.4900 2.9800 2.0100 1.9600 1.5600 1.6100 0.5600 0.4900 0.5050 0.5090 1.1753 2001 1.2420 1.1500 3.2810 1.7590 1.5460 2.3200 0.8370 1.4050 1.3980 0.6837 1.0000 1.4000 1.5018 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1994 469.90 152.50 110.20 34.55 46.80 531.10 53.96 174.90 100.50 83.40 112.80 121.30 165.99 Guideline** = 236 kg/day 1995 98.16 166.60 110.70 143.20 226.70 203.40 233.00 168.40 85.910 89.24 125.90 80.54 144.31 1996 181.20 160.90 153.30 87.31 123.40 147.90 83.68 108.70 135.50 148.60 210.80 173.60 142.91 1997 161.50 161.00 182.70 100.60 158.40 92.63 132.50 139.40 123.90 151.10 181.50 202.90 149.01 1998 167.80 162.50 191.30 121.50 176.10 105.50 111.80 99.80 148.80 164.50 143.20 132.80 143.80 1999 190.10 151.40 91.20 117.00 139.00 118.20 156.60 118.00 71.30 n/a n/a n/a 128.09 2000 142.00 57.00 76.00 94.00 96.00 83.00 101.00 511.00 107.00 119.00 134.80 160.70 140.13 2001 157.00 178.60 97.40 135.50 139.10 108.90 140.70 115.60 129.80 137.30 86.90 121.90 129.06 Particulate Residue [RSPLOI] (kg/day) 1994 148.40 46.64 26.64 32.24 93.32 64.37 57.15 88.97 127.30 55.01 52.03 54.09 70.51 Guideline** = 184 kg/day 1995 84.94 95.60 74.33 70.95 99.98 103.70 93.79 81.75 72.52 57.58 64.08 36.08 77.94 1996 132.90 125.10 162.90 78.06 91.24 97.39 47.90 70.21 109.40 82.92 108.50 91.16 99.81 1998 107.40 161.70 145.40 87.58 99.89 83.99 90.00 69.01 109.10 91.22 153.70 154.80 112.82 1998 133.30 106.50 100.00 101.90 109.30 95.20 99.00 95.20 107.40 104.50 121.90 106.20 106.70


12



1999 98.20 81.60 64.50 90.60 100.60 80.80 86.00 84.40 59.50 n/a n/a n/a 82.91 2000 92.00 66.00 55.00 78.00 96.00 84.00 79.00 120.00 98.00 61.00 92.20 123.80 87.08 2001 103.90 112.40 109.80 102.20 82.10 75.60 97.70 81.80 89.50 74.90 73.70 89.00 91.05 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1994 35.34 42.05 10.32 11.03 7.13 8.15 10.08 14.21 25.07 16.41 10.02 19.10 17.41 Guideline** = 79 kg/day 1995 26.88 22.31 30.44 18.52 5.28 14.78 6.56 16.83 3.317 14.40 25.59 2.81 15.64 1996 18.08 8.58 52.43 8.36 7.49 15.24 9.38 13.76 19.18 20.48 13.25 18.21 17.04 1997 16.99 12.53 8.98 6.21 19.17 12.22 19.44 7.55 19.36 15.77 9.48 15.28 13.58 1998 14.80 13.90 16.80 16.30 13.80 14.00 18.80 15.80 14.50 10.60 12.80 12.80 14.58 1999 18.00 15.20 18.70 12.50 13.90 21.90 21.50 15.70 9.60 n/a n/a n/a 16.33 2000 29.10 19.70 22.10 11.10 24.80 37.80 15.50 13.70 14.70 7.90 7.40 23.10 18.91 2001 15.70 14.40 17.20 12.50 12.40 20.50 20.20 31.50 9.300 19.69 10.79 21.91 17.17 Sulphide (kg/day) 1994 0.331 0.146 0.165 0.227 0.113 0.134 0.146 0.120 0.209 0.125 0.143 0.138 0.167 Guideline** = 1.6 kg/day 1995 0.131 0.174 0.160 0.158 0.140 0.134 0.160 0.557 0.112 0.123 0.138 0.117 0.175 1996 0.123 0.142 0.131 0.129 0.126 0.170 0.152 0.152 0.300 0.186 0.124 0.165 0.158 1997 0.139 0.131 0.140 0.127 0.145 0.156 0.169 0.172 0.149 0.153 0.136 0.143 0.147 1998 0.014 0.014 0.015 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.018 0.015 0.113 0.015 0.014 0.013 0.022 1999 0.016 0.015 0.112 0.013 0.046 0.066 0.016 0.015 0.014 n/a n/a n/a 0.035 2000 0.014 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.017 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.016 0.015 0.133 0.217 0.042 2001 0.016 0.017 0.016 0.085 0.045 0.052 0.018 0.448 0.106 0.185 0.130 0.420 0.128 Sulphide (kg/day) (CP1000) 1994 2.378 2.449 2.409 2.182 2.166 3.344 3.273 3.124 4.209 3.019 2.829 2.626 2.834 1995 2.965 2.355 2.337 2.264 3.053 2.401 2.667 2.826 2.784 2.709 2.514 2.501 2.615 1996 2.451 4.467 1.794 2.037 2.267 2.223 3.249 2.687 2.776 3.067 2.346 2.292 2.638 1997 2.032 1.972 2.046 1.804 1.884 1.862 2.237 2.699 2.557 2.358 2.329 2.364 2.179 1998 0.236 0.231 0.227 0.157 0.179 0.229 0.276 0.287 0.264 0.235 0.208 0.209 0.228 1999 0.18600 0.204 0.219 0.191 0.232 0.255 0.281 0.257 0.269 n/a n/a n/a 0.233 2000 0.22000 0.220 0.195 0.214 0.228 0.240 0.251 0.271 0.250 0.192 1.880 0.330 0.374 2001 0.14300 0.154 0.153 0.155 0.170 0.184 0.232 3.400 0.247 0 1.800 3.330 0.831 Toluene (kg/day) (CP1000) 1994 0.13600 0.15940 0.07851 0.08152 0.06449 0.13690 0.06486 0.11200 0.26190 0.06843 0.07504 0.10100 0.11167 1995 0 0.14200 0.04080 0.05627 0.07262 0.48170 0.29450 0.04791 0.15570 0.11310 0.10390 0.14540 0.13783 1996 1.41700 0.12480 0.05940 0.13390 0.03954 0.04514 0.01219 0.14320 0.01409 0.04271 0.16260 0.08766 0.19019 1997 0.07692 0.03873 0.01751 0.04905 0.03616 0.07284 0.03264 0.03762 0.07635 0.02738 0.03736 0.06472 0.04727 1998 0.08000 0.31000 0.03000 0.02000 0.08000 0.11000 0.05000 0.06000 0.04000 0.01000 0.02000 0.04000 0.07083 1999 0.07000 0.07000 0.03000 0.02000 0.06000 0.02000 0.03000 0.02000 0.02000 n/a n/a n/a 0.03778


13



2000 0.03000 0.07000 0.11000 0.04000 0.04000 0.03000 0.03000 0.04000 0.22000 0.08000 0.06000 0.03000 0.06500 2001 0.05000 0.03000 0.03000 0.11000 0.09000 0.03000 0.03000 0.03000 0.19000 0.09516 0.20000 0 0.07376 * Flows for CP 0900 - process water only. ** Guidelines established January 01, 1996


14

Gross average flows and loadings for Suncor Inc. (Sunoco Division), Sarnia.

Facility: Suncor Inc. (Sunoco Division), Sarnia [0000490102] Control Points: 0700, 0800


Flow (m3/day)* 1999 8519 7580 8133 7821 7619 7803 8393 10550 10130 n/a n/a n/a 8505.3 2000 7956 9479 9365 8960 9829 9990 8066 7500 6322 9216 9056 9822 8796.8 2001 10040 11110 10480 9357 8307 8828 10490 10620 10640 9682 8168 8998 9726.7 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1994 310.70 110.30 63.05 55.31 40.03 54.31 59.09 50.71 47.10 46.75 94.59 117.70 87.47 Guideline** = 214 kg/day 1995 63.18 41.69 39.67 64.98 51.12 150.60 89.18 135.70 53.75 381.40 45.23 49.43 97.16 1996 52.81 64.85 54.16 42.97 46.50 82.32 104.20 71.29 166.60 67.94 44.33 46.48 70.37 1997 45.69 82.66 44.53 38.35 42.63 41.17 46.86 40.82 55.05 43.93 41.41 36.11 46.60 1998 38.91 68.14 150.50 101.10 31.56 28.02 46.88 54.79 83.06 79.46 40.60 591.20 109.52 1999 93.78 77.78 52.57 49.59 41.37 39.26 43.13 58.23 72.76 n/a n/a n/a 58.72 2000 154.10 51.76 46.38 55.39 50.45 60.90 47.42 35.46 39.73 55.10 70.29 170.40 69.78 2001 168.20 56.78 75.11 54.90 37.57 34.75 124.40 74.59 61.50 144.40 71.15 98.71 83.47 Ammonium (kg/day) 1994 57.050 7.341 3.312 3.156 1.781 2.125 10.550 3.105 3.318 2.534 11.560 90.190 16.335 Guideline** = 55 kg/day 1995 3.129 1.520 22.19 12.120 2.239 5.673 4.264 44.720 3.096 7.593 1.984 3.471 9.333 1996 2.530 12.140 1.837 2.681 79.710 5.999 20.900 4.651 21.960 30.540 4.834 7.423 16.267 1997 10.140 10.170 1.468 1.102 2.235 2.809 2.109 2.118 1.964 2.205 1.206 1.266 3.233 1998 3.661 2.889 12.300 24.800 12.760 1.863 1.817 2.598 20.980 44.640 47.470 26.520 16.858 1999 22.310 46.800 34.540 43.040 3.330 3.480 2.075 10.290 3.680 n/a n/a n/a 18.838 2000 15.930 18.980 35.100 1.684 28.120 11.190 1.422 2.133 3.378 7.039 1.772 1.921 10.722 2001 31.600 3.543 3.159 1.837 10.380 2.535 10.080 3.739 11.290 18.880 1.520 8.349 8.909 Benzene (kg/day) (CP 0800) 1994 0.02052 0.01420 0.02380 0.01460 0.01858 0.01892 0.01330 0.01272 0.01385 9.12E-03 0.01093 0.00637 0.01474 1995 5.89E-03 2.31E-03 3.49E-03 6.68E-03 7.03E-03 7.25E-03 0.01636 0.02055 8.41E-03 9.61E-03 5.72E-03 0.03328 0.01055 1996 0.02145 5.93E-03 3.20E-03 0 2.20E-03 3.27E-03 5.89E-03 7.63E-03 4.90E-03 1.45E-03 0 0 4.66E-03 1997 1.11E-03 1.80E-03 0 2.35E-03 2.37E-03 3.14E-03 2.20E-03 5.42E-03 3.71E-03 2.50E-03 2.09E-03 3.17E-03 2.49E-03 1998 3.83E-03 2.71E-03 0 4.15E-03 4.32E-03 4.39E-03 4.82E-03 4.33E-03 4.89E-03 4.40E-03 4.14E-03 4.18E-03 3.85E-03 1999 0.00375 0.00317 0.00387 0.00396 0.00405 0.00458 0.00476 0.00508 0.00505 n/a n/a n/a 0.00425 2000 0.00415 0.00411 0.00385 0.00335 0.00336 0.00451 0.00451 0.00461 0.00480 0.00467 0.00450 0.00425 0.00674 2001 0.00421 0.00424 0.00405 0.00412 0.00427 0.00451 0.00498 0.00504 0.00519 0.00412 4.409 0.00406 0.37148 Phenolics (kg/day) 1994 0.0966 0.0905 0.0923 0.0709 0.0571 0.0631 0.0387 0.0680 0.0425 0.0254 0.0455 0.1099 0.0667 Guideline** = 0.16 kg/day 1995 0.0490 0.0257 0.0357 0.0779 0.0293 0.0304 0.0657 0.0940 0.0425 0.0497 0.0416 0.0258 0.0473 1996 0.0639 0.0766 0.0960 0.0521 0.0763 0.1015 0.1049 0.0706 0.2089 0.1035 0.0681 0.1250 0.0956 1997 0.0824 0.1355 0.0644 0.0708 0.0667 0.0447 0.0747 0.0430 0.0986 0.0504 0.0508 0.0655 0.0706


15



1998 0.0880 0.1135 0.1561 0.1590 0.0918 0.0601 0.0558 0.0862 0.1068 0.1256 0.1104 0.1852 0.1116 1999 0.1197 0.1095 0.0798 0.0724 0.0714 0.0455 0.0384 0.0442 0.0350 n/a n/a n/a 0.0684 2000 0.0455 0.0540 0.0516 0.0684 0.0441 0.1002 0.0785 0.0566 0.0228 0.0286 0.0302 0.1108 0.0576 2001 0.1316 0.0805 0.0271 0.0094 0.0083 0.0097 0.0105 0.0127 0.0140 0.0164 0.00951 0.0115 0.0284 Phenolics (kg/day) (CP0800) 1994 0.1064 0.1470 0.1551 0.1661 0.1694 0.1665 0.1790 0.1815 0.1839 0.1723 0.1548 0.1588 0.16173 1995 0.1514 0.1332 0.1488 0.1577 0.1688 0.1799 0.1937 0.2039 0.1598 0.1422 0.1314 0.1302 0.15842 1996 0.1189 0.1345 0.1472 0.1551 0.1783 0.1763 0.1888 0.1912 0.1192 0.1748 0.1279 0.1302 0.15353 1997 0.1176 0.0585 0.0699 0.1596 0.0762 0.0882 0.2783 0.0992 0.0986 0.0948 0.0851 0.1167 0.11189 1998 0.0851 0.0719 19.9800 0.0831 0.0864 0.0877 0.0932 19.2400 0.0979 0.0880 0.0828 0.0836 3.34000 1999 20.4800 0.0633 0.0774 79.1900 0.0810 18.1900 0.0953 0.1016 20.6600 n/a n/a n/a 15.4380 2000 0.0830 0.0822 0.0771 0.0671 0.0846 0.0901 0.0920 0.1646 0.0959 0.0934 0.0900 0.3414 0.1133 2001 0.2173 0.0847 0.0810 0.0825 0.0854 0.0902 0.0995 0.1007 0.1037 0.0824 0.0605 0.0812 0.0974 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1994 1.2650 0.8267 0.8251 3.6090 0.5573 2.0830 1.6290 1.4320 0.8073 0.7504 1.0370 2.6150 1.4531 Guideline** = 10 kg/day 1995 0.9507 1.2320 1.3440 0.8481 0.8727 2.2660 1.7210 1.2790 2.5210 0.9578 0.9472 0.3699 1.2758 1996 1.7600 0.4006 1.9390 1.2600 1.6760 1.8930 1.0370 0.6828 0.5789 0.4801 0.6768 0.5527 1.0781 1997 1.0040 0.8572 0.4839 1.1740 0.5361 0.9068 1.3370 1.6880 0.8842 0.6884 0.2667 0.4620 0.8574 1998 1.0760 1.1170 1.6990 0.4156 0.5508 0.4937 0.8320 1.3730 2.8690 0.4385 0.5420 0.6100 1.0014 1999 0.9785 1.5200 0.5053 0.5001 1.3650 0 0.9969 0.8787 1.1080 n/a n/a n/a 0.8725 2000 0.6313 0.5277 1.6610 0.5319 1.2230 0.9923 1.0780 2.6250 0.9096 1.5190 0.4615 0.6325 1.0661 2001 0.6809 1.6010 0.5695 0.4843 1.7990 0.9431 0.6132 0.9181 0.9706 0.8271 0.4137 0.6017 0.8685 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1994 120.50 53.40 100.20 68.77 39.27 65.36 63.82 47.38 44.13 21.19 54.14 74.08 62.69 Guideline** = 236 kg/day 1995 39.72 38.75 81.27 61.50 40.77 55.79 76.29 63.85 50.36 37.00 52.99 58.45 54.73 1996 38.07 52.38 54.43 47.41 43.72 53.53 35.78 41.10 134.60 57.59 37.59 54.83 54.25 1997 41.13 79.05 41.86 70.11 63.78 46.86 59.46 40.75 49.43 55.11 55.25 40.80 53.63 1998 114.30 171.00 76.13 126.40 87.91 54.58 67.57 60.37 61.22 126.60 59.89 142.60 95.71 1999 120.40 121.00 89.37 79.03 33.33 59.13 112.60 94.15 86.50 n/a n/a n/a 88.39 2000 49.05 44.34 50.12 62.28 53.65 67.34 30.14 32.57 33.67 27.19 26.63 43.70 43.39 2001 66.10 72.96 54.35 32.13 32.10 48.52 40.10 40.33 52.20 61.24 33.03 49.21 48.52 Particulate Residue [RSPLOI] (kg/day) 1994 53.04 29.91 40.04 45.53 41.74 45.30 52.45 34.34 28.99 22.94 40.52 56.57 40.947 Guideline** = 184 kg/day 1995 30.43 36.07 35.46 61.83 29.32 17.81 19.48 23.88 36.35 36.00 31.81 31.75 32.516 1996 30.71 39.56 33.39 25.96 27.07 48.31 35.69 53.43 139.00 38.76 32.96 67.57 47.701 1997 48.57 40.68 36.55 47.39 40.68 41.76 43.57 41.39 49.73 25.54 41.88 25.80 40.295 1998 41.22 82.97 61.15 73.63 46.85 44.83 43.96 62.78 47.28 93.07 45.96 140.40 65.342


16



1999 111.50 120.50 48.65 34.34 36.45 50.33 49.23 57.55 59.02 n/a n/a n/a 63.063 2000 39.07 31.73 34.26 26.13 34.16 28.48 20.64 23.64 26.58 24.29 18.69 31.49 28.263 2001 28.75 33.58 20.63 27.40 20.44 20.59 21.69 30.23 28.60 41.60 16.09 28.99 26.538 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1994 42.60 21.93 26.15 16.82 9.61 9.98 16.98 15.09 9.32 13.05 8.66 41.04 19.27 Guideline** = 79 kg/day 1995 25.66 18.28 11.05 15.63 30.33 21.75 30.98 16.08 16.10 10.26 19.52 11.52 18.93 1996 9.54 13.87 5.30 8.34 11.05 24.59 28.41 26.09 28.27 13.05 19.25 19.31 17.26 1997 16.04 40.65 12.70 22.50 16.93 23.71 22.81 19.37 19.90 14.79 15.25 11.74 19.70 1998 20.25 27.45 10.04 38.26 18.10 13.27 13.15 15.76 28.71 50.18 16.54 35.44 23.93 1999 31.13 16.21 19.13 12.01 6.66 20.20 38.81 48.87 25.61 n/a n/a n/a 24.29 2000 19.40 11.69 9.66 13.54 11.94 15.99 7.92 8.42 6.81 11.54 10.13 6.58 11.14 2001 8.30 11.77 6.48 5.48 5.88 5.92 6.60 6.13 18.61 18.44 7.12 15.39 9.68 Sulphide (kg/day) 1994 0.519 0.449 0.525 0.404 0.235 0.204 0.662 0.688 0.346 0.359 0.167 0.328 0.407 Guideline** = 1.6 kg/day 1995 0.213 0.182 0.210 0.201 0.195 0.155 0.232 0.293 0.225 0.130 0.189 0.296 0.210 1996 0.134 0.205 0.357 0.103 0.156 0.264 0.313 0.221 0.594 0.395 0.159 0.444 0.279 1997 0.219 0.348 0.132 0.287 0.21 0.259 0.386 0.424 0.133 0.306 0.314 0.196 0.267 1998 0.307 0.552 0.397 0.491 0.301 0.175 0.439 0.590 0.274 0.347 0.323 0.224 0.368 1999 0.240 0.384 0.368 0.265 0.202 0 0.182 0.297 0.141 n/a n/a n/a 0.231 2000 0.240 0.113 0.135 0.152 0.140 0.151 0.124 0.105 0.102 0.117 0.089 0.097 0.130 2001 0.135 0.190 0.161 0.092 0.102 0.087 0.100 0.128 0.531 0.244 0.077 0.109 0.163 Sulphide (kg/day) (CP 0800) 1994 0.650 0.710 0.980 0.845 1.334 1.060 0.890 1.818 0.925 0.852 1.862 1.782 1.142 1995 4.046 2.630 1.117 16.870 1.421 2.029 1.379 1.027 1.372 2.417 1.601 1.228 3.095 1996 0.715 1.185 1.570 0.776 1.062 0.874 2.629 7.211 1.029 1.048 1.369 0.651 1.677 1997 1.185 0.858 1.400 0.977 1.771 1.554 3.501 1.482 1.231 1.324 1.066 0.829 1.432 1998 1.287 0.719 2.602 1.332 1.280 0.877 1.414 1.087 0.978 2.680 1.041 4.643 1.662


17



1999 0 0 1.395 0.792 0 1.288 3.034 1.016 1.215 n/a n/a n/a 0.971 2000 1.660 1.031 0.771 1.160 0.846 1.129 0.902 19.860 0.959 1.162 0.900 1.920 2.692 2001 0.843 0.847 1.218 0.825 0.854 0.902 0.995 1.007 0.881 1.237 0.605 0.812 0.91900 Toluene (kg/day) (CP 0800) 1994 0.01768 0.02680 0.02580 0.02727 0.04068 0.01895 0.04450 0.03630 0.02268 0.04116 0.05044 0.01480 0.03059 1995 0.01027 0.01305 0.00837 0.01297 8.01E-03 0.01973 0.02597 0.05344 0.01117 0.00663 0.00656 0.03019 0.01720 1996 0.01616 0.07140 0.02063 0.03078 0.01413 0.03152 0.14360 0.03978 0.08671 0.08844 0.01591 0.05473 0.05115 1997 9.28E-03 0.01242 0.04603 0.02243 0.01684 0.02298 0.01904 0.02365 0.01489 0.01999 0.00721 0.01501 0.01915 1998 0.01046 0.01155 7.69E-03 0.04334 1.25E-03 9.04E-03 0.02711 4.53E-03 46.43000 0.05724 0.02194 0.00298 3.88560 1999 0.02254 0.02615 0 0 0 0 0.00284 0 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00573 2000 0 0 0 0 0.03734 0 0.00492 0 0 0 0 0 0.00352 2001 0.00199 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.65900 0 0.13842 * Flows for CP 0700 (process effluent) only ** Guidelines established January 01, 1996


18

Data Appendix 1b. Organic Chemicals Sector Gross average flows and loadings for Amoco Canada Resources Ltd., Sarnia.

Facility: Amoco Canada Resources Ltd., Sarnia [0104330204] Control Points: 0900

Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av.Flow (m3/day) 1997 423.6 621 570.5 249.2 448.2 353.8 393.5 434.7 478.8 288 295.4 307.3 405.33 1998 549.9 753.6 622.2 206.3 274.9 213.9 446.4 303.6 226 236.6 185.1 237 354.63 1999 581.9 178.0 191.2 442.8 332.2 267.2 327.4 415.1 255.7 274.1 274.8 347.6 324.0 2000 213.9 269.0 298.0 428.5 640.2 542.0 654.7 425.9 384.7 315.2 204.2 303.5 389.98 2001 232.0 1425.0 378.9 218.1 210.0 204.6 255.8 395.2 454.7 1123.0 265.8 291.8 454.58Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 0.05551 0 0 0.04565 0 0 1.184 0 0 0.1762 0 0 0.12178 1998 0 0 7.26E-03 0.01382 7.22E-03 0.03825 0 0.02821 0 0 6.87E-03 0 8.47E-03 1999 0 8.21E-03 0 0 0 0 0 1.52E-03 0 0 3.84E-03 0 2.27E-03 2000 0 0.03132 0 0 0.02392 0 0 7.28E-03 0 0 0 0.02878 7.608E-03 2001 0 0.86900 0 0 4.49E-03 0 0 0.03130 0 0 0.14300 0 76.59E-03Arsenic (kg/day) 1997 2.87E-03 0 0 1.62E-03 0 0 0 0 0 1.87E-03 0 0 0.530E-03 1998 0 0 0 1.30E-03 6.86E-04 2.06E-03 0 2.50E-03 0 0 1.04E-03 0 0.632E-03 1999 0 1.32E-03 0 0 0 0 0 1.52E-03 0 0 1.31E-03 0 0.345E-03 2000 0 2.40E-03 0 0 2.03E-03 0 0 7.77E-03 0 0 0 3.04E-03 1.27E-03 2001 0 0.010040 0 0 1.28E-03 0 0 4.32E-03 0 0 2.86E-03 0 1.54E-03Benzene (kg/day) 1997 9.24E-05 5.57E-04 6.79E-04 1.07E-03 6.77E-04 6.13E-05 0 7.91E-05 0 8.08E-03 5.19E-05 4.04E-05 9.49E-04Guideline* = 0.0051 kg/day 1998 5.03E-05 1.70E-04 3.85E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.04E-05 1999 1.41E-04 0 0 0 0 0 8.98E-05 0 0 0 0 2.17E-05 2.10E-05 2000 1.12E-05 1.50E-05 0 0 6.14E-05 0 0 0 3.68E-05 0 2.70E-05 2.73E-05 1.49E-05 2001 1.20E-04 64.37E-04 1.64E-04 0 0 1.16E-05 0 0 1.47E-05 0 0 0 56.86E-05Copper (kg/day) 1997 2.01E-03 0 0 0 0 0 3.23E-03 0 0 1.30E-03 0 0 5.45E-04 1998 0 0 1.62E-03 8.92E-04 4.93E-04 2.17E-03 0 1.58E-03 0 0 0 0 5.63E-04 1999 0 1.67E-03 0 0 2.80E-03 0 0 9.55E-04 0 0 2.51E-03 0 6.61E-04 2000 0 2.40E-03 0 0 2.29E-03 0 0 6.69E-04 0 0 0 1.08E-03 5.36E-04 2001 0 8.19E-03 0 0 2.29E-04 0 0 1.50E-03 0 0 0 0 8.27E-04C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 13.17 10.79 7.28 4.653 8.108 4.539 4.659 4.657 3.573 6.04 3.73 6.602 6.4834Guideline* = 3 kg/day 1998 4.889 6.436 6.792 2.872 3.548 4.17 4.169 3.378 2.814 3.320 2.414 2.686 3.9573 1999 2.835 1.250 1.192 2.619 2.387 2.192 2.468 2.751 2.23 2.015 1.918 2.042 2.1577 2000 1.776 1.801 2.218 3.152 3.518 3.955 4.089 2.988 2.253 1.903 1.460 2.070 2.5986 2001 1.342 5.975 1.820 1.428 1.768 2.295 2.056 3.330 3.042 4.949 1.655 1.545 2.6004


19


Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av.Mercury (kg/day) 1997 2.72E-04 0 0 2.00E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.93E-05 1998 0 0 0 4.47E-05 5.10E-05 1.06E-04 0 2.91E-04 0 0 2.61E-05 0 4.32E-05 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.43E-06 0 0 0 0 0.07E-05 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.34E-05 0.195E-05 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Molybdenum (kg/day) 1997 4.32E-04 3.56E-03 1.64E-03 6.29E-04 8.28E-04 3.05E-03 4.31E-03 2.49E-03 1.57E-03 2.07E-03 1.14E-03 1.70E-03 1.95E-03Guideline* = 0.16 kg/day 1998 1.92E-03 0 1.02E-03 8.52E-04 4.88E-04 1.36E-03 4.03E-03 1.79E-03 7.95E-04 6.52E-04 1.01E-03 1.39E-03 1.28E-03 1999 8.73E-04 1.14E-03 4.13E-04 2.58E-03 9.46E-04 8.52E-04 2.51E-03 7.56E-03 1.40E-03 1.32E-03 1.12E-03 4.54E-04 1.76E-03 2000 6.20E-04 1.16E-03 1.11E-03 1.40E-03 2.60E-03 6.71E-03 2.04E-03 1.96E-03 2.60E-03 2.18E-03 9.54E-04 1.05E-03 2.03E-03 2001 7.48E-04 1.57E-03 2.97E-03 1.81E-04 1.01E-03 7.69E-04 1.34E-03 2.98E-04 2.52E-03 3.35E-03 1.36E-03 8.20E-04 1.41E-03Phenolics (kg/day) 1997 1.94E-04 1.45E-03 7.51E-04 4.51E-04 7.04E-04 7.57E-04 7.37E-04 1.59E-03 1.72E-04 2.95E-04 2.28E-04 2.54E-04 6.33E-04Guideline* = 0.0023 kg/day 1998 3.63E-04 0.02573 4.32E-03 8.35E-04 5.87E-04 4.59E-04 1.20E-03 8.11E-04 1.32E-04 9.43E-05 1.70E-04 3.55E-04 29.2E-04 1999 3.55E-04 5.50E-04 3.15E-04 5.19E-04 1.95E-04 1.10E-04 8.02E-04 4.42E-04 1.67E-04 4.44E-04 3.19E-04 3.46E-04 3.80E-04 2000 0.88E-04 2.44E-04 2.92E-04 3.39E-04 2.81E-04 9.78E-04 6.20E-04 1.66E-04 5.20E-04 8.68E-04 2.91E-04 10.9E-04 4.81E-04 2001 2.59E-04 63.8E-04 15.2E-04 4.86E-03 2.22E-04 10.2E-04 16.4E-04 4.28E-04 13.5E-04 28.4E-04 10.0E-04 1.32E-04 14.4E-04Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0.1863 0.4648 0.6194 0.231 0.3668 0.3927 0.3648 0.3757 0.1483 0.2756 0.2248 0.2537 0.32532Guideline* = 0.41 kg/day 1998 0.2406 0.4547 0.2616 0.2377 0.2544 0.3886 0.4129 0.4156 0.2236 0.1895 0.2467 0.3046 0.30254 1999 0.2016 0.2146 0.1744 0.2152 0.1982 0.2106 0.4324 0.4545 0.2594 0.2643 0.2775 0.2264 0.26076 2000 0.2342 0.2324 0.2173 0.1802 0.2941 0.2364 0.2168 0.2385 0.1814 0.2605 0.1396 0.1774 0.21740 2001 0.1117 0.2732 0.1861 0.1767 0.1986 0.1719 0.2476 0.4056 0.2863 0.2591 0.2524 0.1332 0.2252Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 9.382 17.13 9.943 3.774 13.96 11.61 18.42 16.01 14.34 7.599 2.334 4.148 10.721Guideline* = 3.7 kg/day 1998 10.97 4.203 5.973 0.9809 1.09 1.298 3.427 1.643 0.6573 0.9231 1.477 1.7 2.8619 1999 2.7750 0.2827 0.4418 1.6090 1.2100 2.1220 2.2810 1.9010 0.3754 0.7121 0.8438 1.4980 1.3360 2000 0.8527 0.8875 0.4881 2.7660 2.9390 1.1020 2.6180 0.9816 1.7290 0.5605 0.3326 0.6461 1.3253 2001 0.1226 10.730 0.7559 0.2892 0.2762 0.6725 0.3934 0.2778 0.2115 1.7450 0.6047 0.1620 1.3534Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 0.4373 1.8910 1.1290 0.7765 2.1500 0.6628 3.2890 2.0370 0.7299 0.8861 0.6278 0.9166 1.29440Guideline* = 4.7 kg/day 1998 0.4353 1.8670 3.1440 0.7079 0.8743 0.9610 2.4670 2.2130 0.3000 0.3703 0.2783 0.7953 1.20110 1999 0.8522 0.3521 0.3188 0.7393 0.6345 0.4725 3.2790 207850 0.5898 0.4054 0.4694 0.9495 0.98729 2000 1.3940 0.5558 0.9985 0.6302 1.1120 0.8837 0.4956 0.7714 0.3740 1.2470 0.1963 1.0390 0.80813 2001 0.4385 1.4850 0.6882 0.3844 0.3419 0.3816 2.8040 0.4862 1.0640 2.0920 0.4689 0.3366 0.91428Sulphide (kg/day) 1997 2.56E-04 2.46E-03 5.07E-04 0.01291 3.86E-04 4.61E-03 2.95E-03 3.61E-03 5.60E-04 0.02208 8.52E-03 1.02E-03 4.99E-03Guideline* = 0.044 kg/day 1998 0 0.0017 2.12E-03 2.10E-03 1.48E-03 3.57E-03 1.85E-03 1.57E-03 8.30E-04 4.47E-04 3.64E-04 6.79E-04 1.39E-03 1999 2.60E-04 1.14E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.33E-04 0 0 0.092E-03


20


Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av. 2000 5.43E-04 6.53E-04 0 1.19E-03 0 1.22E-03 1.72E-03 0 9.20E-04 0 6.54E-04 5.85E-04 0.623E-03 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.26E-04 0 0 4.54E-03 0 0.090E-03Dichlorobenzene 1,2 (kg/day) 1997 1.52E-04 8.88E-04 2.29E-03 6.96E-05 0 3.05E-03 1.49E-04 5.99E-03 6.87E-05 7.20E-03 2.03E-04 8.24E-05 1.68E-03Guideline* = 0.056 kg/day 1998 7.32E-05 2.93E-04 2.49E-04 0 0 0 3.32E-04 0 0 0 0 0 7.89E-05 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.19E-04 0 0 0 0 0 3.49E-05 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Zinc (kg/day) 1997 0.01749 0 0 5.66E-03 0 0 0.03933 0 0 0.0217 0 0 7.01E-03 1998 0 0 8.54E-04 5.28E-03 3.34E-03 0.0127 0 0.01627 0 0 7.11E-03 0 3.80E-03 1999 0 5.78E-03 0 0 10.4E-03 0 0 4.50E-03 0 0 14.8E-03 0 2.96E-03 2000 0 10.7E-03 0 0 8.32E-03 0 0 2.33E-03 0 0 0 20.4E-03 3.47E-03 2001 0 0.1191 0 0 2.55E-03 0 0 2.82E-03 0 0 9.76E-03 0 11.19E-03* Guidelines established February 16, 1998


21

Gross average flows and loadings for Bayer Inc., Sarnia.

Facility: Bayer Inc., Sarnia [0000030007] Control Points: 3100, 3200, 3300


Flow (m3/day) * 1999 20240 20010 19680 20480 19310 19180 21550 21860 23620 19090 18910 19460 20282.5 2000 20120 20070 20320 21130 21250 24090 24420 24650 24070 22680 21580 21180 22130.0 2001 21910 21380 20320 20410 19200 18470 20230 18610 21220 20580 17360 19870 19963.3 Total Aluminium (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 51.41 16.29 30.22 52.78 42.48 19.87 59.1 25.11 37.157 Guideline** = 57 kg/day 1996 28.04 7.009 26.74 7.957 6.813 6.706 6.923 9.909 1.926 4.662 7.929 6.871 10.124

1997 6.335 4.244 7.931 4.772 4.056 5.231 3.195 1.738 7.828 5.994 6.332 4.904 5.2133 1998 5.06 7.16 6.813 8.57 10.01 3.803 8.927 5.852 3.193 3.634 1.68 1.805 5.5423

1999 5.090 2.826 4.681 3.231 3.091 1.979 4.818 3.633 4.075 3.083 4.472 4.349 3.7773 2000 6.098 5.151 3.767 4.675 4.300 6.860 6.140 5.831 4.843 6.400 4.023 3.373 5.1218 2001 4.392 6.131 6.536 4.501 4.239 6.913 7.888 4.288 4.709 6.352 2.925 3.766 5.2199 Benzene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.01083 0.01001 0.009535 0.0108 0.009746 0.009199 0.01068 0.009407 0.010026 Guideline** = 0.14 kg/day 1996 0.009147 0.008997 0.009257 0.008639 0.008497 0.005364 0.005765 0.006514 0.005572 0.004212 0.004574 0.005107 0.006804

1997 0.004881 0.004593 0.004066 0.003674 0.004527 0.004534 0.007933 0.009638 0.01018 0.01509 0.009598 0.008429 0.007262 1998 0.008124 0.010050 0.005374 0.004746 0.004405 0.003495 0.005033 0.005022 0.005245 0.00393 0.004014 0.003341 0.005232

1999 0.003987 0.004598 0.004821 0.003657 0.004084 0.003670 0.002033 0.002056 0.002296 0.001850 0.001831 0.001855 0.003062 2000 0.002004 0.001919 0.001945 0.002039 0.002102 0.002229 0.002207 0.002854 0.003335 0.001975 0.001779 0.001828 0.0021847 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Cobalt (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1.562 0.643 0.8712 0.4775 0.4221 0.5043 0.6687 0.7821 0.74136 Guideline** = 0.28 kg/day 1996 0.3233 0.4143 0.7743 0.9344 1.538 2.371 4.615 0.7822 0.6044 1.017 0.9809 1.021 1.2813

1997 1.201 1.48 0.664 0.6114 0.4883 0.2229 0.3116 0.3589 0.3982 0.3082 0.3164 0.428 0.56574 1998 0.3354 0.5584 0.428 0.5987 0.3347 0.2423 0.2848 0.1549 0.2328 0.1855 0.3277 0.3081 0.33261

1999 0.2703 0.2679 0.4174 0.3813 0.3647 0.4404 0.4568 0.3089 0.3539 0.2666 0.3573 0.2956 0.34843 2000 0.2201 0.5851 0.6166 0.4511 0.4519 0.3424 0.3005 0.4100 0.3672 0.5388 0.3923 0.2384 0.40953 2001 0.4521 0.5034 0.5189 0.4239 0.3940 0.1554 0.2082 0.2013 0.2096 0.2854 0.1991 0.2513 0.31688 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 270.7 445.8 266.7 290.1 287.8 293.9 376.8 298.5 316.29 (CP3100) 1996 326.8 317.2 291.6 221.3 241.8 210.6 226.4 242.9 236.8 197.8 164.9 192.6 239.23 Guideline** = 447 kg/day 1997 204.1 187.5 221.3 284.9 241.1 213 213.8 227.8 241.7 206.2 191.3 195.1 218.98

1998 204.2 212.9 204.9 242.8 185.3 158.2 206.8 207.9 201.2 157.3 164.2 182.9 194.05 1999 216.7 193.5 204.7 173.9 130.6 129.6 153.7 149.1 135.7 133.0 175.6 174.4 164.21 2000 174.4 167.0 187.6 196.1 154.5 189.4 149.6 131.0 140.7 111.0 102.2 88.8 149.36 2001 103.4 103.3 110.7 116.2 110.2 88.19 112.51 103.0 128.46 114.78 95.51 111.91 108.18


22



C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 361.3 283.9 411.3 728.8 866.6 418.4 439.4 504.1 501.73 (CP3200) 1996 499.9 447.4 372.5 437.1 401.4 428.5 415.2 304.9 471.5 583.6 707.8 738.7 484.04

1997 555.4 431.4 590.9 442 472.2 513 554.4 499.3 487 362.3 391 364.8 471.98 1998 300 394.7 413.6 375.3 360.7 222.4 323.1 347 395.8 269.4 194.3 224.2 318.38

1999 280.5 335.6 340.3 254.8 212.7 216.7 204.9 252.5 210.9 210.3 417.6 549.5 290.53 2000 601.5 501.8 406.1 470.6 436.3 280.7 290.0 223.0 322.2 253.0 227.5 247.0 354.98 2001 222.5 204.0 167.7 180.0 189.6 240.5 246.4 170.5 228.0 212.5 187.68 184.58 202.83 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1499 1461 1535 1631 1665 1114 1135 1128 1396 (CP3300) 1996 1233 1206 927 784.8 1124 1339 1185 1624 1639 1265 911.4 962.9 1183.4

1997 1034 1059 1317 1069 961.7 1188 1365 1179 1236 1096 1162 1091 1146.5 1998 972 1135 1304 1278 1042 1009 1485 1203 1150 1465 1690 1495 1269.0 1999 1544 1223 1169 912 2634 891 992 925 924 1226 1517 1351 1275.7 2000 1514 1319 1047 1179 1041 752 1067 730 1494 602 555 561 988.42 2001 505 542 464 424 521 614 630 564 659 610 514 493 545.00

Total Ammonium (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 12.28 4.06 2.908 2.342 4.332 2.406 3.031 3.109 4.3085 Guideline** = 92 kg/day 1996 2.843 2.465 2.056 2.283 4.546 7.438 5.63 3.615 4.877 1.889 3.348 3.398 3.699

1997 4.181 3.402 2.515 3.682 2.495 2.849 2.882 2.516 3.736 3.05 2.473 2.456 3.0198 1998 5.332 2.096 5.196 3.037 1.835 3.017 2.097 1.747 2.185 1.637 18.1 2.007 4.0238

1999 20.460 9.237 2.587 2.683 3.693 12.960 2.033 2.911 2.329 1.850 3.571 9.666 6.165 2000 6.034 5.536 4.432 2.039 2.954 3.639 5.723 7.942 2.780 4.511 1.978 2.142 4.1425 2001 7.400 26.120 3.750 2.834 9.775 3.017 8.840 7.120 4.110 8.270 4.460 16.110 8.4838 Total Nitrates (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 47.79 86.81 59.85 58.87 80.61 71.67 159.4 34.26 74.907 Guideline** = 142 kg/day 1996 151.4 136.8 125.7 45.72 72.37 86.49 83.96 95.48 35.02 18.1 39.28 33.18 76.958

1997 87.50 42.27 90.49 37.37 67.07 60.15 35.93 97.55 56.24 62.89 49.30 67.04 62.817 1998 29.12 56.72 77.92 78.3 51.10 130.80 64.19 43.57 82.45 48.44 29.56 61.83 62.833

1999 31.67 55.53 72.92 46.00 16.14 30.92 63.60 125.30 70.16 70.96 99.53 47.91 60.887 2000 61.53 87.31 119.20 96.01 107.20 96.78 77.66 108.70 100.5 73.81 79.41 31.28 86.616 2001 28.53 23.25 37.38 55.37 94.26 63.93 80.62 125.66 64.24 49.45 71.36 75.05 64.092 Total Kjeldahl N (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 42.71 33.15 36.44 63.28 42.98 41 53.47 26.96 42.499 Guideline** = 67 kg/day 1996 32.26 22.75 18.22 18.39 18.91 28.94 21.02 25.29 22.57 22.99 26.08 20.55 23.164

1997 21.63 16.38 19.4 26.05 16.75 14.69 16.28 20.03 28.7 17.6 19.76 18.27 19.628 1998 22.74 21.52 30.41 31.86 16.84 18.56 22.7 18.26 18.85 14 18.96 13.3 20.667


23



1999 27.48 25.43 19.20 20.74 16.89 24.41 22.60 20.91 27.73 14.68 68.75 32.68 26.792 2000 28.27 33.91 34.32 35.69 21.52 37.96 38.68 33.16 29.95 28.95 23.12 19.85 30.448 2001 27.49 34.91 33.79 30.87 32.94 19.64 41.77 27.58 27.36 32.15 26.19 38.44 31.094 Phenolics (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 28.81 0.1204 0.2325 0.1812 0.09344 0.113 0.1166 0.1037 3.7214 Guideline** = 0.27 kg/day 1996 0.1447 0.1209 0.08382 0.1003 0.07545 0.1078 0.08471 0.1078 0.05166 0.59000 0.07884 0.06105 0.37709

1997 0.07208 0.03734 0.03916 0.07722 0.05899 0.04663 0.04468 0.05811 0.05301 0.03017 0.06683 0.03669 0.051742 1998 0.05890 0.03730 0.03024 0.03983 0.04426 0.04125 0.10850 0.04697 0.04773 0.02948 0.02969 0.04091 0.046255

1999 0.05572 0.06873 0.06507 0.07105 0.07095 0.09335 0.09843 0.12330 0.05085 0.08315 0.09467 0.06198 0.078104 2000 0.08197 0.09536 0.10.10 0.14560 0.09341 0.10580 0.07762 0.10610 0.09240 0.13600 0.10880 0.12110 0.105610 2001 0.17250 0.13750 0.12880 0.05377 0.10030 0.07027 0.08610 0.14980 0.07190 0.08470 0.02990 0.08590 0.097620 Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 24.71 2.944 8.905 17.5 20.48 12.63 22.78 14.06 15.501 Guideline** = 26 kg/day 1996 22.44 13.71 9.983 14.26 13.27 23.31 13.17 11.04 10.29 8.92 8.205 13.02 13.468

1997 11.84 9.134 8.314 10.03 8.263 7.239 8.675 17.96 15.94 10.5 10.77 11.13 10.816 1998 11.76 8.826 10.02 10.57 4.814 4.858 7.55 3.596 7.602 2.939 5.328 6.726 7.0491

1999 7.64 3.73 7.00 5.03 3.96 3.74 4.73 2.28 8.09 6.04 3.99 7.39 5.2989 2000 6.49 9.14 8.00 8.79 8.48 10.59 7.97 8.69 10.90 8.54 6.48 8.14 8.5168 2001 6.48 10.47 11.64 8.13 8.90 6.42 8.78 6.87 2.99 7.94 5.16 4.97 7.3958 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 594 283.3 340.5 550.5 515.9 484.6 698.8 310.7 472.29 (CP 3100) 1996 391.8 234 190.7 172.5 218.4 335 358.6 341.8 270.6 208.4 245.3 241.6 267.39 Guideline** = 540 kg/day 1997 223.9 163 210.8 306.8 183.3 147 136.9 179.9 390.3 264.2 307.1 179.4 224.38

1998 159.1 207 231.9 378.5 168.8 124.6 210.3 168.4 169.4 124 81.9 110.3 177.85 1999 191.6 190.6 227.3 230.7 134.6 117.5 182.2 154.4 215.0 168.3 298.9 322.1 202.77 2000 256.9 247.3 268.4 386.3 305.4 377.4 326.0 478.1 410.7 345.6 253.3 155.4 317.57 2001 211.8 236.4 274.9 275.1 227.4 246.2 273.0 241.8 275.9 273.3 193.3 287.5 251.38 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 622 683 2962 2530 2093 4134 3598 3761 2547.90 (CP 3200) 1996 1289 2372 1887 599 687.7 1615 1478 289.1 944.8 5994 3581 1839 1881.30

1997 814.7 574.7 1072 2574 1344 1365 1621 596.4 2747 541.1 1936 1198 1365.30 1998 726.3 1341 1634 718.5 932.5 960 938.3 1192 1044 153.9 153.9 185.9 831.69 1999 347.8 480.4 1140.0 1401.0 1028.0 650.1 1266.0 498.4 920.6 745.3 947.7 1470.0 907.94 2000 1636.0 1049.0 943.8 1936.0 2711.0 3018.0 2014.0 1049.0 2154.0 824.8 877.4 1005.0 1601.50 2001 1177.0 1239.0 2945.0 1362.0 960.0 448.5 1268.4 1303.5 1974.0 2382.5 1349.1 635.8 1420.40

Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2811 12160 4589 1965 3666 7847 6157 2725 5240


24



(CP 3300) 1996 3003 2956 1014 1581 4545 14460 3189 2107 4164 3919 2350 2084 3781 1997 1361 779.8 1089 3789 1814 2985 4952 1599 1549 1278 2574 2876 2220.5 1998 1402 1977 4541 1587 1671 1960 2706 3702 11730 1924 2852 2131 3181.9

1999 3222 2020 4786 3332 4055 1968 4687 2517 3555 5013 5266 3549 3664.2 2000 5950 3341 2222 6974 2647 3799 3990 2931 8566 3901 2270 2106 4058.1 2001 1804 2506 10600 4981 2302 2202 3948 4108 8052 5379 2787 1985 4221.1 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 78.95 140.8 82.36 113.8 154.6 78.2 51.89 65.19 95.724 Guideline** = 126 kg/day 1996 76.34 102.2 205.3 62.71 55.13 104.5 71.37 156.2 96.75 108.90 83.06 95.78 101.520

1997 68.70 38.13 26.82 43.65 49.49 24.24 16.77 64.79 119.7 92.53 67.71 52.75 55.440 1998 52.07 51.62 47.70 82.06 38.60 17.30 44.31 76.54 52.60 31.98 20.06 43.08 46.493

1999 41.81 50.18 37.02 30.43 16.80 14.45 30.26 44.62 31.26 41.47 72.39 62.03 39.393 2000 34.14 27.64 36.45 46.37 24.57 27.59 26.00 58.40 65.93 46.96 32.53 32.86 38.287 2001 22.63 30.23 26.45 28.50 52.59 36.68 37.50 32.00 29.60 16.60 14.20 28.50 29.623 Bromomethane (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.32 kg/day 1996 0.02504 0.02713 0.02585 0.02324 0.02337 0.02746 0.03138 0.03316 0.02973 0.02422 0.0244 0.02641 0.026783

1997 0.02586 0.02431 0.02412 0.02425 0.03063 0.02535 0.01541 0.0177 0.01866 0.01866 0.01753 0.0173 0.021648 1998 0.02205 0.01846 0.03877 0.05222 0.04186 0.03508 0.04449 0.05086 0.05105 0.04496 0.04151 0.01914 0.038371

1999 0.05158 0.01350 0 0 0.01169 0.00394 0.01442 0.00646 0 0.00501 0.01159 0.01955 0.011478 2000 0.01948 0.01926 0.01913 0.02050 0.02127 0.02086 0.02246 0.02276 0.02174 0.02155 0.01868 0.01821 0.020492 2001 0.00836 0.00820 0.00779 0.00777 0.00734 0.00727 0.01000 0.0100 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.008895 Bromoform (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.5698 0.01908 0 0.07284 0 0.118 0.175 0.2066 0.14516 Guideline** = 0.37 kg/day 1996 0.05256 0.1097 0.3542 0.4713 0.2913 0.3244 0.2793 0.2898 0.2698 0 0.1087 0.0426 0.21614

1997 0.14250 0.09607 0.05492 0.04146 0 0 0.01708 0.08375 0.0287 0.02396 0.02399 0.02107 0.044458 1998 0.01478 0.02701 0.01391 0.001958 0.006217 0.02199 0 0.0313 0 0 0 0.01297 0.010845

1999 0.05158 0.01350 0 0 0.01169 0.00394 0.01442 0.00646 0 0.00501 0.0116 0.0196 0.011478 2000 0.06328 0.01682 0.04128 0.04298 0.00842 0.02777 0.01504 0.04279 0.00826 0 0.04152 0.05466 0.0300235 2001 0.02527 0.00835 0.02311 0.01612 0.03352 0 0.01000 0 0 0.01000 0.01000 0 0.011364 Chloromethane (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.01669 0.01616 0.0156 0.01699 0.01558 0.01607 0.1497 0.01505 0.03273 Guideline** = 0.6 kg/day 1996 0.01442 0.01562 0.01489 0.01338 0.01346 0.01544 0.01765 0.01865 0.01672 0.01362 0.01372 0.01485 0.015202

1997 0.01454 0.01367 0.01356 0.01363 0.01369 0.01426 0.01596 0.01888 0.0199 0.0199 0.0187 0.01846 0.016263 1998 0.02274 0.02053 0.03761 0.05004 0.04012 0.03362 0.04283 0.04874 0.04892 0.04308 0.03978 0.009877 0.036491

1999 0.00980 0.00947 0.00916 0.00969 0.02452 0.02876 0.01005 0.01042 0.01123 0.00948 0.00896 0.00903 0.012546


25



2000 0.00974 0.00963 0.00957 0.01025 0.01063 0.00928 0.01060 0.01085 0.01006 0.00869 0.00830 0.00810 0.009642 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.005000 Chloroform (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.07821 0.07924 0.009956 0.01403 0.01018 0.009607 0.05632 0.03625 0.036724 Guideline** = 0.39 kg/day 1996 0.06791 0.03754 0.02987 0.1942 0.104 0.01226 0.0368 0.05216 0.09689 0.114 0.01576 0.1158 0.073099

1997 0.01546 0.09812 0.05986 0.0189 0.007015 0.02264 0.01055 0.01714 0.009822 0.01661 0.03484 0.02068 0.027636 1998 0.03179 0.04457 0.03021 0.02803 0.01607 0.005827 0.008389 0.01659 0.01928 0.01321 0.006692 0.003974 0.018719

1999 0.003480 0.005356 0.004824 0.015940 0.019210 0.005511 0.002033 0.004018 0.008174 0.001850 0.001831 0.007086 0.0066094 2000 0.002004 0.001919 0.001945 0.002039 0.002102 0.011060 0.004398 0.002854 0.006019 0.004289 0.005908 0.014680 0.0049348 2001 0.012840 0.006502 0.014650 0.003480 0.008218 0.003932 0.010000 0 0.010000 0.010000 0 0 0.0066352 Methylene Chloride (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996 0.01036 0 0 0.009751 0 0 0.0206 0 0 0.01628 0 0 0.004749

1997 0.0244 0 0 0.01616 0 0 0.01845 0 0 0.02591 0 0 0.007077 1998 0.02381 0 0 0.006183 0 0 0.006549 0 0 0.004998 0 0 0.003462

1999 0.004102 0 0 0.003858 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.000663 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0.007312 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.000914 Zn (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2.434 0.3519 0.5966 0.6741 1.769 0.7997 1.234 1.142 1.1252 Guideline** = 4.9 kg/day 1996 0.3780 0.2009 0.3812 0.5133 0.7973 0.8558 2.099 1.353 0.9457 1.1840 1.348 0.5531 0.88411

1997 0.4933 0.8108 0.8119 0.4269 0.3271 0.3601 0.3474 0.2416 0.7452 1.0850 0.1021 0.04854 0.48333 1998 0.0947 1.6110 1.2390 0.2725 0.8128 0.4193 1.1010 0.3826 0.2201 0.1050 0.05173 0.4091 0.5599 1999 0.3262 0.3181 0.5326 0.2147 0.0167 0.5326 0.3240 0.6095 0.3366 0.5500 0.7728 0.9830 0.45973 2000 0.2204 0.3664 0.3268 0.4339 0.6621 0.9564 0.6496 0.7576 0.9886 0.7138 0.3519 0.1283 0.54632 2001 0.2799 0.4055 0.4974 0.3827 0.5988 0.2428 0.3511 0.2839 0.2948 0.5881 0.8123 0.4459 0.43193

* Flows for process effluent only (CP3100) ** Guidelines established February 16, 1998


26

Gross average flows and loadings for Chinook Group Ltd., Sombra.

Facility: Chinook Group Ltd., Sombra [0005600002] Control Points: 0600


Flow (m3/day) 1997 247.6 418.9 462.9 347.3 444.8 376.1 399 335.8 344.6 283.9 362.2 322.6 362.14 1998 377.5 405.8 416.4 361 241.6 273.6 380.5 309.3 266.5 235.8 200.9 239.7 309.05 1999 277.5 285.0 281.2 382.3 388.0 356.0 N/A N/A N/A 329.3 312.5 281.9 321.52 2000 241.3 233.7 396.4 362.8 403.0 383.5 394.5 478.5 409.2 408.8 297.7 269.9 356.61 2001 280.7 391.7 374.8 351.2 323.1 253.0 311.9 275.1 342.6 309.3 312.6 253.7 314.98 Chromium (kg/day) 1997 4.50E-04 1.69E-03 1.78E-03 9.39E-04 8.17E-04 1.00E-03 8.34E-04 7.86E-04 1.28E-03 2.00E-03 8.55E-04 7.65E-04 1.10E-03 Guideline* = 7.90E-03 kg/day 1998 7.47E-04 2.22E-03 8.68E-04 6.23E-04 3.53E-04 1.54E-03 6.05E-04 6.77E-04 5.30E-04 5.24E-04 9.14E-04 8.51E-04 0.87E-03 1999 5.99E-04 6.29E-03 5.96E-03 6.81E-03 7.22E-03 5.42E-03 N/A N/A N/A 2.92E-03 3.12E-03 2.64E-03 4.55E-03 2000 2.99E-03 1.73E-03 7.83-E03 4.91E-03 4.00E-03 3.48E-03 4.44E-03 4.25E-03 3.59E-03 4.30E-03 3.79E-03 1.84E-03 3.93E-03 2001 2.32E-03 3.98E-03 3.40E-03 5.75E-03 6.30E-03 4.35E-03 3.16E-03 2.45E-03 4.06E-03 3.29E-03 3.04E-03 2.49E-03 3.71E-03 C dissolved organic 1997 13.85 101.1 20.76 17.64 23.05 20.31 21.51 19.55 20.98 11.16 13.17 15.37 24.871 Guideline* = 3.2 kg/day 1998 16.85 21.42 21.4 20.75 20.91 29.31 38.09 23.88 21.65 30.94 26.56 22.51 24.522 1999 18.57 19.93 19.23 27.02 24.93 22.09 N/A N/A N/A 12.01 13.99 13.75 19.058 2000 36.67 20.20 21.26 24.26 17.79 14.19 13.73 16.45 14.94 14.80 11.07 18.75 18.676 2001 32.46 16.04 12.36 12.40 10.69 7.45 7.15 6.51 8.19 13.95 6.18 4.01 11.449 Ammonium (kg/day) 1997 6.999 13.62 13.2 8.519 6.124 13.47 14.03 19.12 11.43 7.553 11.02 10.54 11.302 Guideline* = 0.48 kg/day 1998 12.76 19.39 19.62 5.863 0.9383 0.6002 14 1.66 0.3376 0.2419 0.9818 0.9902 6.4486 1999 14.152 8.498 11.250 2.361 0.1641 0.8951 N/A N/A N/A 2.201 0.8506 2.1850 3.5279 2000 4.244 6.996 5.263 0.9562 2.119 0.3479 41.280 0.8484 0.8228 1.613 7.223 3.845 6.2965 2001 7.986 17.070 13.650 5.465 0.5731 0.5741 0.8585 0.3470 0.5946 1.329 0.2977 0.1501 4.0746 Total Kjeldahl N (kg/day) 1997 13.52 42.62 24.68 14.52 17.53 19.73 29.01 22.94 22.22 13.66 19.46 19.95 21.653 Guideline* = 1.1 kg/day 1998 25.30 33.55 28.92 15.65 8.86 10.63 25.77 10.76 8.19 12.02 9.11 9.593 16.529 1999 10.03 12.60 14.64 7.02 5.46 3.97 N/A N/A N/A 2.90 2.72 6.89 7.3598 2000 12.89 9.21 11.23 6.56 4.17 2.87 29.64 13.86 4.83 5.81 10.44 13.31 10.401 2001 22.83 28.38 20.75 9.93 3.40 4.42 2.46 3.10 5.15 5.17 2.45 1.04 9.0898 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0.2999 0.5044 0.4743 0.3411 0.4158 0.758 0.6432 0.5819 0.509 0.4066 0.3895 0.8404 0.51367 Guideline* = 0.2 kg/day 1998 0.3891 0.4444 0.3147 0.2618 0.1257 0.2157 0.3651 0.2513 0.441 0.2549 0.7482 0.402 0.35116 1999 0.4544 0.4180 0.2732 0.3188 0.4471 0.4190 N/A N/A N/A 0.1709 0.2741 0.1188 0.32163 2000 0.1415 0.1708 0.5817 0.4677 0.3068 0.3022 0.4334 0.4322 0.3882 0.4855 0.6291 0.3390 0.38984 2001 0.5208 0.6685 0.4358 0.2406 0.2667 0.3015 0.2803 0.2668 0.4803 0.2922 0.3232 0.1692 0.35383 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 7.683 40.98 26.29 14.84 23.07 27.74 18.05 22.15 13.63 7.995 3.961 10.11 18.042


27

Facility: Chinook Group Ltd., Sombra [0005600002] Control Points: 0600


Guideline* = 2.4 kg/day 1998 23.92 48.55 17.31 8.816 4.052 3.78 6.212 14.01 9.273 6.496 11.82 9.379 13.635 1999 12.340 11.450 8.561 8.407 8.660 4.231 N/A N/A N/A 4.506 4.847 4.956 7.5509 2000 4.763 10.050 21.660 73.540 14.610 8.499 13.160 20.450 11.970 11.350 9.436 11.060 17.546 2001 20.920 20.870 9.362 12.610 12.390 8.407 9.140 8.853 11.030 8.853 9.524 6.835 11.566 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 0.8984 1.022 0.7981 1.162 0.6898 0.7298 0.913 0.4111 0.7163 0.5074 2.211 1.976 1.0029 Guideline* = 0.34 kg/day 1998 2.6440 3.907 1.768 0.7339 0.2676 0.3669 0.9392 0.3199 0.2649 0.2618 0.2305 0.2801 0.99865 1999 0.8443 1.6880 0.7198 0.3405 0.3610 0.3900 N/A N/A N/A 0.4081 0.3116 0.3991 0.60693 2000 0.3075 0.3567 1.4580 1.2450 1.7860 0.4016 0.5711 0.6419 0.3589 0.5497 0.4555 0.6172 0.72909 2001 0.2318 0.8933 0.4024 0.4580 0.3969 0.2345 0.3161 0.2452 0.4062 0.3285 0.3037 0.2478 0.37203 Zinc (kg/day) 1997 5.15E-03 0.01891 0.0148 5.88E-03 8.85E-03 0.01056 0.01292 9.54E-03 0.01405 0.01609 0.0185 0.01512 12.53E-03 Guideline* = 0.023 kg/day 1998 0.01157 0.01615 0.01268 7.51E-03 3.57E-03 8.40E-03 2.81E-03 7.70E-03 0.011 0.01385 0.01067 8.48E-03 9.53E-03 1999 8.89E-03 0.01582 0.02221 0.01139 0.01345 6.60E-03 N/A N/A N/A 0.02098 0.1419 0.1404 14.17E-03 2000 8.98E-03 6.05E-03 0.03054 0.02334 0.02663 0.01097 0.03664 0.02348 0.02176 0.02642 0.01422 9.21E-03 19.85E-03 2001 0.01271 0.02788 0.01941 0.02395 0.023520 0.02632 0.03075 0.02639 0.05670 0.02288 9.80E-03 8.83E-03 24.09E-03 * Guidelines established February 16, 1998


28

Gross average lows and loadings for Dow Chemical Canada Inc., Sarnia.

Facility: Dow Chemical Canada Inc., Sarnia [0000910109] Control Points: 3000, 3100, 3200


Flow (m3/day)* 1999 6580 6750 5890 4742 3220 3095 3150 3377 3117 2916 3170 3864 4155.9 2000 4931 3499 4610 4051 5016 4706 4078 4645 4647 5463 4079 5664 4615.8 2001 6354 7802 6427 5335 5005 5323 4725 5573 6873 9139 5367 5317 6103.3 Aluminium (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4.69E-03 2.00E-03 0 0 0 1.156 2.06 1.269 0.56146 Guideline** = 8.9 kg/day 1996 1.149 1.888 1.042 1.239 2.904 5.835 1.824 1 0.7777 1.912 2.354 1.207 1.9276 1997 2.088 6.906 6.911 2.961 4.161 3.35 2.489 1.619 3.328 2.331 1.715 2.076 3.3279 1998 5.09 4.901 7.559 2.166 2.689 1.779 2.805 0.7776 3.393 1.758 1.258 1.531 2.9756 1999 1.7010 0.7134 2.2020 0.7129 0.2536 0.4947 0.3029 0.9547 1.1080 2.1640 0.9148 1.2230 1.0621 2000 1.5250 1.8570 0.9653 1.7300 1.1800 1.0120 1.1520 0.7876 0.7442 0.7140 1.0440 1.1490 1.1550 2001 2.1770 2.5890 1.8950 0.9532 1.6660 1.5180 0.6258 0.9668 1.4930 3.0220 1.5700 0.8336 1.6091 Ethylbenzene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2.09E-04 0 1.23E-04 0 0 1.90E-03 0 0 27.9E-05 1996 2.36E-04 0 0 2.18E-04 0 0 2.17E-04 0 0 2.71E-04 0 0 7.84E-05 1997 1.83E-04 0 0 2.67E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.75E-05 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.03E-04 0 0 1.32E-04 0 0 1.96E-05 1999 0.88E-04 0 0 0.99E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.56E-05 2000 0.98E-04 0 0 0.67E-04 0 0 1.41E-04 0 0 2.70E-04 0 0 4.81E-05 2001 2.43E-04 0 0 2.94E-04 0 0 1.85E-04 0 0 2.44E-04 0 0 8.06E-05 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 13.62 12.27 10.89 13.4 10.43 22.17 23.84 19.17 15.724 Guideline** = 73 kg/day 1996 10.43 28.79 23.31 20.35 16.54 15.95 17.7 22.52 23.15 22.01 32.78 29.29 21.902 1997 26.55 30.64 32 35.47 24.41 18.61 21.03 22.4 21.96 20.04 23.38 16.61 24.425 1998 28.57 32.27 18.54 21.15 18.12 15.69 18.71 20 17.74 18.99 20.96 23.34 21.173 1999 23.22 23.56 17.93 13.06 10.17 9.33 9.04 8.80 9.23 9.65 7.03 9.97 12.582 2000 25.75 10.76 12.59 10.56 13.89 11.01 10.62 16.01 10.95 11.87 10.21 15.92 13.345 2001 32.72 38.79 26.98 22.11 13.67 12.39 11.60 13.24 16.25 38.81 24.11 29.16 23.319 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 264.4 389.6 502.1 450.3 314.9 306.1 299 226.7 344.14 (CP 3100) 1996 175.4 291.9 293.9 189 251.2 266.1 272.4 363.5 280.4 218.6 305.1 343.5 270.92 1997 225.1 248.2 271.1 322.1 224.5 287.3 297.6 291.7 272.6 302.2 228.8 209.1 265.02 1998 298.7 296.8 205.8 349.4 265.6 268.6 326.3 244.9 207.8 226.1 198.5 221 259.12 1999 214.2 314.0 191.2 205.9 194.3 226.0 304.1 246.6 203.8 233.5 204.8 213.3 229.31 2000 220.5 208.2 149.0 140.7 207.7 205.3 249.9 275.9 272.0 273.4 316.4 214.9 227.83 2001 224.0 220.4 213.0 250.6 324.7 230.7 205.7 202.3 194.3 242.2 218.2 164.7 224.23 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 263.6 295.9 388.5 356.8 289.5 494.4 324.4 259.5 334.07 (CP 3200) 1996 233.5 298.3 170.4 159.8 159.8 174.8 190.3 312.8 190.1 135.4 235.3 265.6 210.51


29



1997 181.5 204.3 249.1 360 290.8 344.6 266.2 304.4 263.4 260.1 235.8 204.8 263.75 1998 287.1 266.3 184.9 520.8 257.7 182.7 277.2 215.4 107.5 n/a n/a n/a 255.51 Ammonium (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 5.022 10.24 5.393 4.827 3.82 5.864 2.589 2.167 4.9902 Guideline** = 43 kg/day 1996 0.6882 0.7038 0.834 3.7 6.336 6.438 3.027 5.015 4.847 2.626 1.162 0.7532 3.0109 1997 1.589 1.85 3.124 8.94 7.117 10.97 11.08 10.31 4.841 5.236 1.04 1.481 5.6315 1998 2.426 0.4379 0.6496 0.9148 0.1646 0.09157 0.03042 0.1163 0.02692 0.07666 0.02192 0.0278 0.41537 1999 0.02735 1.1080 0.02366 0.08256 0.03406 0.09370 0.00718 0.04616 2.7830 0 0.02793 0.04158 0.35627 2000 0.04757 0.03175 0.03771 0.05050 0.08870 0.1249 0.1690 0.09336 0.1388 0.1278 0.09175 0.1592 0.096753 2001 0.1278 0.4418 0.4786 0.3182 1.0870 0.1410 0.2373 0.2186 0.2354 0.2815 0.9909 1.6910 0.52076 Nitrates (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 2.044 2.907 2.432 2.295 2.898 2325 2969 3776 1135.3 1996 2.904 2.607 3.622 4.137 4.299 2.164 2.699 4.632 3.991 3.622 4.22 4.139 3.5863 1997 4.574 5.284 4.953 4.01 3.15 4.394 3.31 3.509 3.873 4.935 3.757 3.533 4.1068 1998 4.399 4.378 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 4.3885 Total Kjeldahl N (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 6.159 9.383 6.82 4.241 3.627 6.563 4.029 2.804 5.4533 Guideline** = 22 kg/day 1996 1.614 1.859 2.15 4.073 7.039 6.729 4.851 5.77 6.292 4.271 2.311 1.553 4.0427 1997 2.352 3.144 4.648 10.47 10.6 14.42 13.45 14.2 7.884 5.761 2.026 2.482 7.6197 1998 3.841 1.126 1.277 1.32 0.8326 0.868 1.096 0.8769 0.6753 0.8043 0.3143 0.8286 1.1550 1999 1.591 2.195 10746 10449 1.128 1.389 0.8596 0.7729 3.645 1.169 0.8767 1.435 1.5214 2000 1.133 0.9707 1.063 1.747 1.412 1.168 1.185 1.741 1.758 1.731 1.496 1.915 1.4433 2001 2.381 3.163 2.976 2.356 1.805 1.547 1.304 1.432 2.223 3.919 2.153 4.018 2.4398 Phenolics (kg/day) 1995 0.01877 3.60E-03 3.27E-03 5.82E-03 8.54E-03 0.02696 0.09114 0.005014 0.020389 Guideline** = 0.3 kg/day 1996 0.04094 5.22E-03 8.16E-03 0.01983 0.01003 0.03252 0.01094 7.31E-03 0.01294 3.72E-03 4.33E-03 0.005496 0.013453 1997 4.62E-03 6.81E-03 8.98E-03 0.01024 6.33E-03 0.0172 0.01033 0.01256 0.0102 0.01103 0.01049 0.006842 0.009640 1998 0.01384 9.71E-03 0.01701 0.01085 0.01155 6.96E-03 0.03862 0.01467 9.63E-03 0.01016 0.01877 0.01311 0.014573 1999 0.01907 0.01715 0.01481 0.01248 0.00878 0.00488 0.00377 0.00376 0.00378 0.00615 0.00270 0.00383 0.008430 2000 0.00316 0.00165 0.00696 0.00913 0.00861 0.00908 0.00540 0.01103 0.00738 0.00725 0.00452 0.00769 0.006821 2001 0.00668 0.01508 0.01600 0.01308 0.01056 0.01383 0.01373 0.00988 0.00412 0.01532 0.01063 0.00604 0.011246 Phenolics (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.1623 0.08406 0.6382 0.48 0.3686 0.1232 0.1896 0.03125 0.25965 (CP 3100) 1996 0.06417 0.06022 0.08182 0.09075 0.05757 0.1466 0.09868 0.05835 0.1715 0.05264 0.08311 0.1067 0.089343 1997 0.05981 0.06086 0.1274 0.1756 0.1433 0.1023 0.0833 0.1659 0.06546 0.1319 0.0799 0.08764 0.10695 1998 0.08855 0.07441 0.04377 0.02426 0.04573 0.05993 0.05932 0.04671 0.05776 0.06369 0.05079 0.06146 0.056365 Phenolics (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.3136 0.1961 0.1481 0.1697 0.2602 0.09478 0.2336 0.04795 0.183 (CP3200) 1996 0.1012 0.1023 0.118 0.0881 0.06515 0.1158 0.07943 0.07212 0.1801 0.04236 0.05267 0.07041 0.090637 1997 0.04468 0.03911 0.1488 0.1925 0.1084 0.1417 0.1865 0.188 0.08319 0.09921 0.03753 0.07906 0.112390


30



1998 0.08331 0.09086 0.05223 0.06188 0.04521 0.0572 0.1236 0.06923 0.04455 n/a n/a n/a 0.069786 1999 0.07421 0.04559 0.03375 0.03975 0.08935 0.09907 0.08278 0.11350 0.15470 0.20170 0.08668 0.07439 0.091289 2000 0.06304 0.05986 0.09650 0.09584 0.08992 0.02126 0.08488 0.16500 0.16140 0.18080 0.11700 0.15490 0.107530 2001 0.06967 0.07460 0.17380 0.59870 0.20770 0.22300 0.18110 0.13650 0.08388 0.13350 0.09520 0.04868 0.168860 BIS-2-Chloroisopropyl Ether (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.01464 0 2.47E-03 0 0 9.49E-04 0 0 2.26E-03 1996 1.18E-03 0 0 0.03393 0 0 1.08E-03 0 0 6.77E-03 0 0 3.58E-03 1997 0.01665 0 0 0.03277 0 0 7.80E-04 0 0 1.19E-03 0 0 4.28E-03 1998 1.68E-03 0 0 1.68E-03 0 0 1.03E-03 0 0 1.32E-03 0 0 0.476E-03 1999 0.882E-03 0 0 0.989E-03 0 0 1.399E-03 0 0 1.173E-03 0 0 0.370E-03 2000 0.983E-03 0 0 0.674E-03 0 0 1.407E-03 0 0 1.351E-03 0 0 0.368E-03 2001 1.216E-03 0 0 1.472E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.224E-03 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.4822 0.5056 0 0 0 0.7574 0.545 0.5434 0.3542 Guideline** = 7 kg/day 1996 0.4838 0.447 0.4679 1.024 0.4609 1.589 0.3715 0.5561 0.527 0.5863 0.7222 0.8534 0.67409 1997 0.7703 0.8498 0.9001 0.8589 0.6224 0.6201 0.4057 0.5096 2.289 0.5688 0.8842 0.9627 0.85347 1998 1.051 1.613 1.263 1.105 1.166 1.071 1.526 1.714 1.032 1.131 1.206 1.201 1.2566 1999 1.251 1.175 1.353 0.7521 0.4382 0.6899 0.5347 2.052 0.5392 0.4944 0.4345 0.7950 0.87575 2000 1.005 0.4838 20262 0.6071 0.6179 0.5502 0.4637 0.4371 0.3230 0.3771 0.4937 0.6915 0.69268 2001 1.090 1.217 0.6091 0.6546 1.075 1.040 10994 0.3367 0.5190 42.91 0.6301 2.110 4.5155 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 60.8 61.42 65.83 48.79 55.87 45.24 51.59 34.02 52.945 Guideline** = 230 kg/day 1996 30.42 59.97 47.45 33.01 33.81 50.30 47.92 47.72 61.37 66.63 43.77 67.46 49.153 1997 50.41 80.95 90.15 71.54 52.37 59.49 34.10 33.41 51.92 35.67 55.40 49.04 55.371 1998 77.24 55.19 75.18 51.05 23.40 17.25 31.15 26.78 33.18 31.29 35.50 51.60 42.401 1999 91.30 37.09 58.50 38.58 19.77 20.21 19.55 17.97 37.97 51.21 31.43 29.57 37.763 2000 35.07 30.11 30.99 67.97 41.26 32.51 24.81 22.91 37.33 49.72 27.81 62.01 38.542 2001 53.20 63.81 52.73 24.29 22.73 29.37 35.76 24.33 32.54 133.10 61.73 25.65 46.603 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 782.3 563.9 1612 1106 1428 825.6 865.6 830.2 1001.7 (CP 3100) 1996 457.9 574.1 354.0 250.9 662.6 819.3 1032.0 277.6 494.5 1153.0 353.5 172.4 550.15 1997 216.0 293.5 924.7 461.4 299.2 214.0 292.3 623.4 1175 1002.0 1062 925.5 624.08 1998 601.8 939.8 1476.0 406.7 381.6 265.2 924.8 373.4 434.5 647.7 424.4 411.0 607.24 1999 701.5 451.0 973.7 525.0 282.0 185.8 733.1 940.6 404.1 2314.0 663.6 747.2 743.47 2000 682.0 498.1 813.7 1303.0 670.9 419.2 483.7 615.0 979.9 977.2 605.5 573.6 718.48 2001 528.5 633.2 474.9 452.6 252.1 784.4 485.6 375.3 730.0 744.1 421.6 176.5 504.90 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 641.5 387.6 915.6 1045 1670 1579 749 1082 1008.7 (CP 3200) 1996 2715 780.7 253.9 242.7 531.1 478.5 372.9 251.7 401.9 927.3 103.8 144.4 600.32


31



1997 103 186.8 405.7 105.3 605.8 630.2 315.5 498.9 1011 987 921.3 649.4 534.99 1998 424.8 306.7 946 410.5 267.5 181.9 369 275 130.3 n/a n/a n/a 367.97 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 12.13 4.041 5.202 5.818 5.804 13.17 7.066 4.371 7.2003 Guideline** = 76 kg/day 1996 3.905 12.520 10.450 19.380 7.944 7.534 6.415 4.057 7.280 5.780 8.998 7.358 8.4684 1997 15.420 13.760 8.706 30.140 12.580 5.502 6.441 6.231 15.930 5.458 9.837 5.718 11.31 1998 8.778 6.278 8.874 8.290 6.637 4.167 5.382 3.878 6.018 1.724 1.287 1.274 5.2156 1999 1.290 2.121 1.221 0.8594 1.702 1.920 0.6411 1.991 0.5849 4.766 2.423 4.991 2.0427 2000 6.424 5.869 7.737 36.800 15.770 16.710 12.290 1.329 0.9472 2.526 0.8331 1.046 9.0234 2001 1.273 2.731 1.285 1.028 1.200 1.159 0.9838 1.128 1.362 1.734 1.135 0.9785 1.3331 Dichloroethane 1,2 (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.18 kg/day 1996 2.03E-04 0.01316 4.08E-03 8.66E-03 4.36E-03 0.01063 0.01245 5.54E-03 1.66E-03 0.02375 6.78E-03 0.01992 9.27E-03 1997 3.55E-03 0.01718 6.52E-03 2.26E-04 2.13E-03 6.36E-04 2.02E-04 2.27E-04 3.64E-04 2.14E-04 4.78E-04 8.77E-04 2.72E-03 1998 0.01216 4.94E-03 6.33E-03 1.40E-03 4.46E-04 6.06E-04 2.35E-04 2.25E-04 1.60E-04 2.38E-04 1.77E-04 1.07E-03 2.33E-03 1999 0.23E-03 1.04E-03 0.20E-03 0.26E-03 1.15E-03 1.14E-03 0.18E-03 0.18E-03 0.18E-03 1.19E-03 1.34E-03 3.30E-03 0.864E-03 2000 0.16E-03 2.14E-03 0.16E-03 0.50E-03 0.63E-01 0.23E-01 0.24E-03 0.20E-03 0 2.04E-03 0.59E-03 2.22E-03 0.759E-03 2001 0.69E-03 0.62E-03 0 0 0 0.29E-03 0.03E-03 1.08E-03 1.02E-03 4.11E-03 0.92E-03 1.59E-03 0.861E-03 Dichloropropane 1,2 (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 7.35E-04 3.18E-03 1.93E-04 6.96E-04 1.57E-04 2.19E-04 6.19E-03 2.04E-04 14.5E-04 Guideline** = 0.62 kg/day 1996 8.12E-04 1.92E-04 1.84E-04 1.10E-03 3.99E-03 6.07E-04 9.48E-04 1.88E-04 2.33E-04 2.36E-04 9.61E-05 1.81E-04 7.30E-04 1997 2.00E-04 2.57E-04 2.54E-04 2.26E-04 1.54E-04 2.06E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.08E-04 1998 3.25E-04 2.67E-04 3.22E-04 2.53E-04 1.70E-04 1.64E-04 2.35E-04 1.88E-04 1.60E-04 2.38E-04 1.77E-04 2.25E-04 2.27E-04 1999 2.29E-04 2.62E-04 2.00E-04 2.55E-04 1.62E-04 1.79E-04 1.83E-04 1.78E-04 1.76E-04 1.63E-04 1.48E-04 2.40E-04 1.98E-04 2000 1.57E-04 1.89E-04 1.56E-04 2.04E-04 2.27E-04 2.31E-04 2.35E-04 2.01E-04 0 2.59E-04 1.98E-04 3.04E-04 1.97E-04 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Methylene Chloride (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.01598 0 0 13.3E-04 1997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 5.89E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.491E-04 Tetrachloroethylene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.041 kg/day 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.24E-04 0 0 1.04E-05 1997 0 8.13E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.78E-05 1998 4.23E-04 2.56E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.65E-05


32



1999 0 0 0 0 0 8.34E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.95E-05 2000 0 3.40E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.83E-05 2001 1.20E-04 4.13E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.44E-05 Trichloroethylene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.14E-04 0 0 5.26E-04 0 0 7.83E-05 1999 3.53E-04 0 0 3.96E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.24E-05 2000 3.93E-04 0 0 2.69E-04 0 0 5.63E-04 0 0 0 0 0 10.21E-05 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Vinyl Chloride (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4 (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.0056 kg/day 1996 2.23E-06 1.91E-06 1.83E-06 2.77E-06 2.08E-06 2.29E-06 2.48E-06 1.88E-06 2.33E-06 2.35E-06 2.30E-06 2.26E-06 2.23E-06 1997 1.99E-06 2.57E-06 2.54E-06 2.25E-06 2.48E-06 2.06E-06 2.01E-06 2.27E-06 2.97E-06 2.13E-06 2.23E-06 4.27E-06 2.49E-06 1998 3.24E-06 2.67E-06 3.22E-06 2.53E-06 1.70E-06 1.64E-06 5.16E-06 1.88E-06 1.59E-06 2.37E-06 1.77E-06 2.24E-06 2.50E-06 1999 2.29E-06 2.62E-06 2.00E-06 2.55E-06 1.62E-06 1.79E-06 1.83E-06 1.78E-06 1.76E-06 1.63E-06 1.48E-06 2.40E-06 1.98E-06 2000 1.57E-06 1.89E-06 1.56E-06 2.04E-06 2.27E-06 2.31E-06 2.35E-06 2.01E-06 3.10E-06 2.59E-06 1.98E-06 3.04E-06 2.23E-06 2001 2.78E-06 4.84E-06 3.62E-06 2.55E-06 3.16E-06 3.16E-06 2.00E-06 3.05E-06 3.97E-06 4.72E-06 2.71E-06 2.80E-06 3.28E-06 Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5 (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3.00E-06 2.00E-06 3.00E-06 4.00E-06 3.00E-06 4.00E-06 5.00E-06 4.00E-06 3.50E-06 Guideline** = 0.00075 kg/day 1996 4.47E-06 3.83E-06 3.67E-06 5.06E-06 4.17E-06 4.58E-06 4.97E-06 3.76E-06 4.66E-06 4.71E-06 4.20E-06 4.52E-06 4.39E-06 1997 3.99E-06 5.14E-06 5.08E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.18E-06 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.82E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0.15E-06 1999 0 0 0 0 1.05E-06 0 0 0 0 0.48E-06 0.49E-06 0 0.17E-06 2000 3.03E-06 3.73E-06 0 0 0 0 4.71E-06 0 0 7.67E-06 2.00E-06 0 1.76E-06 2001 1.17E-06 3.10E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.36E-06 Hexachlorobenzene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0.00E+00 0 0 0 1996 1.18E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.48E-06 0 0 1.77E-06 1997 0 0 0 1.15E-05 0 0 8.67E-06 0 0 4.05E-05 0 0 5.06E-06


33



1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 9.09E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0.76E-06 1999 9.17E-06 0 0 7.71E-06 0 0 11.19E-06 0 0 0 0 0 2.34E-06 2000 5.90E-06 0 0 2.29E-06 0 0 17.17E-06 0 0 15.7E-06 0 0 3.42E-06 2001 22.62E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10.3E-06 0 0 2.74E-06 Hexachloroethane (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.00033 kg/day 1996 1.12E-05 9.58E-06 9.19E-06 2.72E-06 0 0 2.74E-06 0 0 0 0 0 2.95E-06 1997 0 0 0 4.51E-06 4.97E-06 4.12E-06 4.03E-06 4.54E-06 3.87E-06 4.27E-06 4.47E-06 5.01E-06 3.32E-06 1998 5.56E-06 5.34E-06 6.44E-06 5.06E-06 3.40E-06 3.28E-06 4.55E-06 9.60E-06 3.19E-06 4.75E-06 3.54E-06 4.49E-06 4.94E-06 1999 4.58E-06 5.24E-06 4.00E-06 5.10E-06 3.24E-06 3.58E-06 3.67E-06 3.56E-06 3.51E-06 3.26E-06 2.96E-06 4.79E-06 3.96E-06 2000 3.14E-06 3.79E-06 3.12E-06 4.09E-06 4.54E-06 4.62E-06 0 4.02E-06 6.20E-06 5.18E-06 3.96E-06 6.09E-06 4.06E-06 2001 5.56E-06 9.68E-06 7.24E-06 5.09E-06 6.32E-06 6.33E-06 4.00E-06 6.09E-06 7.93E-06 9.44E-06 5.42E-06 5.60E-06 6.56E-06 Trichlorotoluene 2,4,5 (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guideline** = 0.0016 kg/day 1996 1.12E-05 1.01E-05 9.19E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.54E-06 1997 0 0 0 2.25E-06 2.48E-06 1.57E-06 2.01E-06 2.27E-06 1.93E-06 2.13E-06 2.23E-06 2.50E-06 1.62E-06 1998 3.24E-06 2.67E-06 3.22E-06 2.53E-06 1.70E-06 1.64E-06 2.35E-06 1.88E-06 1.59E-06 2.37E-06 1.77E-06 2.24E-06 2.27E-06 1999 2.29E-06 2.62E-06 2.00E-06 2.55E-06 1.62E-06 1.79E-06 1.83E-06 1.78E-06 1.76E-06 1.63E-06 1.48E-06 2.40E-06 1.98E-06 2000 1.57E-06 1.89E-06 1.56E-06 2.04E-06 2.27E-06 2.31E-06 0 2.01E-06 3.10E-06 2.59E-06 1.98E-06 3.04E-06 2.03E-06 2001 2.78E-06 4.84E-06 3.62E-06 2.55E-06 3.16E-06 3.16E-06 2.00E-06 3.05E-06 3.97E-06 4.72E-06 2.71E-06 2.80E-06 3.28E-06 * Flows for CP 3000 (process effluent) only. ** Guidelines established February 16, 1998


34

Gross average flows and loadings for Ethyl Canada Inc., Corunna.

Facility: Ethyl Canada Inc., Corunna [0000120006] Control Points: 0200, 1000


Flow (m3/day) 1999 n/a n/a n/a 9667 10830 4866 2302 3694 4035 2331 8304 6490 5835.4 2000 3852 4245 4199 5975 7354 4724 4185 3968 3699 3477 3160 3649 4373.9 2001 6327 5598 4048 3438 3898 3763 3613 3183 2199 1984 1596 1297 3412.0 Toluene (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.74E-05 3.74E-06 0 1.40E-04 1.341E-05 Guideline** = 0.0001 kg/day) 1998 4.96E-05 1.16E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.076E-05 Chromium (kg/day) 1997 0 0 2.94E-04 0 0 6.48E-04 0 0 0 6.15E-04 0 0 1.30E-04 1998 2.86E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.36E-04 (CP 0200)*** 1997 n/a 2.94E-04 n/a n/a 6.48E-04 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 4.71E-04 1998 n/a n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 2.633 2.741 2.994 1.536 1.891 3.902 3.652 1.67 2.216 2.848 1.787 1.467 2.4447 Guideline** = 0.087 kg/day 1998 1.458 1.102 0.02235 0.04022 0.04569 0.05106 0.0069 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.34078 (CP 1000 – no MISA guideline) 1997 35.97 26.74 27.86 815.50 31.71 170.80 22.36 18.21 34.90 32.29 30.43 24.35 105.93 1998 29.41 24.06 24.02 18.56 18.87 17.21 10.26 6.76 13.15 8.49 6.32 9.57 15.557 1999 8.83 11.68 13.95 15.87 19.86 8.43 4.47 4.97 5.13 3.30 8.80 8.90 9.5152 2000 5.67 6.60 5.59 8.47 8.88 9.70 7.36 6.55 5.77 7.56 4.90 4.29 6.7780 2001 8.86 5.98 6.07 5.56 6.10 5.50 3.87 4.55 3.57 3.43 2.34 2.18 4.8342 Mercury (kg/day) 1997 0 0 5.60E-07 0 0 1.56E-06 0 0 0 7.20E-06 0 0 7.8E-07 1998 3.30E-07 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 4E-08 (CP 0200)*** 1997 n/a n/a 5.60E-07 n/a n/a 1.56E-06 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1.06E-06 1998 n/a n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 Nitrates (kg/day) 1997 94.43 107.8 134.1 58.44 74.32 61.83 57.67 67.83 64.64 90.04 58.97 47.16 76.436 Guideline** = 0.15 kg/day 1998 72.4 42.94 0.2692 0.7053 0.4953 0.469 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 14.66 Lead (kg/day) 1997 9.96E-05 2.34E-04 1.37E-04 1.11E-04 1.04E-04 3.43E-04 9.11E-04 2.14E-04 2.52E-04 9.351E-05 3.713E-05 6.912E-05 2.17E-04 Guideline** = 0.0035 kg/day 1998 7.10E-05 9.55E-05 5.81E-05 8.31E-05 1.07E-04 7.77E-05 1.26E-04 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 7.73E-05 Phenolics (kg/day) 1997 1.62E-05 2.01E-05 4.00E-05 1.35E-05 9.20E-06 2.58E-05 3.17E-05 1.98E-04 6.28E-05 6.728E-05 1.56E-05 2.476E-05 4.369E-05 Guideline** = 0.000078 kg/day 1998 2.03E-05 1.76E-05 8.00E-07 8.80E-06 8.70E-06 1.21E-05 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 8.55E-06 (CP 1000 – no MISA guideline) 1997 3.80E-03 6.61E-03 0.00531 0.01597 3.98E-03 6.11E-03 6.34E-03 5.45E-03 5.99E-03 4.95E-03 6.09E-03 4.74E-03 6.28E-03 1998 0.01144 0.00721 1.44E-03 2.37E-03 5.96E-03 0.01363 0.00211 2.48E-03 1.26E-03 1.70E-03 1.81E-03 4.35E-03 4.65E-03 1999 8.90E-04 6.13E-04 8.56E-04 43.98E-04 13.27E-04 6.96E-04 9.28E-04 1.79E-04 5.35E-04 17.81E-04 55.65E-04 44.11E-04 1.85E-03 2000 9.25E-04 23.83E-04 14.10E-04 8.53E-04 16.65E-04 57.82E-04 99.75E-04 16.00E-04 16.14E-04 14.13E-04 10.05E-04 0.021120 4.15E-03 2001 3.21E-03 5.04E-03 10.01E-03 0.97E-03 7.45E-03 0.82E-03 3.48E-03 3.25E-03 2.90E-03 1.42E-03 0.79E-03 1.44E-03 3.40E-03 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0 0 4.34E-04 0 0 0 0 1.90E-04 0 7.65E-04 0 0 1.16E-04 1998 5.61E-04 0 0 3.36E-04 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 1.12E-04


35

Facility: Ethyl Canada Inc., Corunna [0000120006] Control Points: 0200, 1000


(CP 0200)*** 1997 n/a n/a 4.34E-04 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 2.17E-04 1998 n/a n/a n/a 3.36E-04 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 3.36E-04 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 0.3882 0.4321 0.3084 0.2813 0.2342 0.642 0.4371 0.1931 0.3108 0.6332 0.2333 0.2135 0.35893 Guideline** = 0.1 kg/day 1998 0.1883 0.1645 0.01683 0.01282 0.01522 5.01E-03 0.028 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 5.38E-02 (CP 1000 – no guideline) 1997 20.13 19.54 27.54 27.34 30.46 14.93 21.83 20.11 39.03 19.84 9.63 10.44 21.735 1998 42.18 38.36 0 16.31 13.41 7.766 2.45 3.504 7.572 5.01 5.367 7.636 12.464 1999 3.56 6.14 4.18 4.41 4.49 1.46 1.26 0.75 4.49 0.90 7.16 2.88 3.4720 2000 11.48 5.58 9.83 26.09 9.49 9.49 4.49 5.00 6.32 3.41 2.15 11.55 8.7403 2001 2.90 3.40 6.40 3.10 0.90 3.60 0.70 4.20 0.60 6.20 2.90 0.10 2.9167 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 0.4733 0.2313 0.3092 0.2373 0.3219 0.2392 0.4974 0.7382 0.3819 0.7561 0.2077 0.174 0.38063 Guideline** = 0.13 kg/day 1998 0.04358 0.05456 0.01101 0.03379 0.02443 0.0206 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.023496 (CP 1000 – no MISA guideline) 1997 21.81 17.04 8.113 7.186 12.17 10.53 6.272 2.172 10.98 59.31 11.21 5.166 14.33 1998 7.501 0 7.589 6.3 2.867 3.336 1.469 2.234 2.23 1.593 1.412 6.789 3.6100 1999 3.563 6.139 4.179 4.408 4.487 1.461 1.255 0.751 4.489 0.901 7.155 2.875 3.4720 2000 0.897 6.373 5.309 3.300 1.859 1.295 1.664 2.444 1.611 0.869 2.846 4.853 2.7767 2001 2.420 1.750 0.650 1.740 1.980 4.630 1.540 2.160 0.770 0.680 0.610 0.660 1.6325 Dichloroethane 1,2 (kg/day) 1997 0 1.00E-05 2.19E-05 1.42E-05 0 0 5.72E-06 0 1.40E-05 0 0 4.88E-06 5.89E-06 Guideline** = 0.0028 kg/day 1998 6.50E-06 4.57E-06 4.72E-06 3.12E-06 1.12E-05 5.20E-07 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 3.82E-06 Ethylene Dibromide (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0 0 0 1.56E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.30E-06 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 (CP 0200)*** 1997 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a 1.56E-05 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 7.80E-06 1998 n/a n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 * Flows for CP 1000 only. ** MISA Regulatory Limits established February 16, 1998 *** These data are based on single measurements


36

Gross average flows and loadings for Imperial Oil Chemicals Division, Sarnia.

Facility: Imperial Oils Chemicals Division, Sarnia [0000070201] Control Points: 0500 (also 0200, 0700 where noted)

Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av. Flow (m3/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 33860 33880 38020 37300 36400 35680 30010 30070 34402.5 1996 30130 30090 34960 35310 33890 34710 35410 35790 35270 31830 32040 34390 33651.7 1997 28650 28180 29100 28500 31950 35160 36410 37580 35730 30430 30360 30520 31880.8 1998 29980 31040 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 30510.0 1999 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 30211 29181 26703 28698.3 2000 n/a n/a n/a 25876 28482 25228 28328 28991 30384 26729 29198 28091 27923.0 2001 27336 28108 29115 27801 26994 28488 30932 32985 31736 30303 30225 33558 29798.4 Benzene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.0373 0.04729 0.03246 0.04773 0.02015 0.01712 0.02562 0.02726 0.031866 Guideline** = 0.09 kg/day 1996 0.02103 0.03896 0.4594 0.07208 0.06173 0.03017 0.02762 0.01896 0.01862 0.01481 0.06324 0.02955 0.071347 1997 0.01907 0.114 0.02373 0.02257 0.0224 0.4484 0.02416 0.03467 0.0188 0.01691 0.02589 0.03304 0.06697 1998 0.09882 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0164 0 0 0.0096017 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Toluene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0.1932 0 0.0135 0 0 0 0.009318 0.027002 1996 0 0 0.01171 0 0.07461 0 0 0 0.004056 0 0.006138 0 0.0080428 1997 0 0.03596 0 0 0.01446 0 0 0.01671 0 0.01548 0.01549 0 0.008175 1998 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 430.3 362 439.2 355.8 347.7 373 281.4 352.6 367.75 Guideline** = 40 kg/day 1996 345.8 357.9 394.3 374 371.3 373.1 376.7 382.7 361.6 338 329.4 392.7 366.46 1997 346.2 331.6 417.8 403.2 381.8 432.2 465 430.2 453.6 396.7 412 404 406.19 1998 319.1 6.834 10.465 12.424 8.764 12.157 14.427 15.011 9.91 14.306 12.361 9.345 37.092 1999 18.866 14.147 21.959 16.793 12.972 15.139 10.146 11.516 11.204 8.364 6.461 9.335 13.075 2000 n/a n/a n/a 5.198 10.718 15.488 7.742 6.575 6.383 11.072 8.738 6.726 8.7378 2001 7.293 6.790 8.365 6.593 5.581 6.938 8.216 11.243 19.987 15.980 11.121 9.007 9.7595 Phenolics (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.1329 0.1547 0.1118 0.1883 0.1379 0.1648 0.1435 0.1291 0.14538 1996 0.1271 0.114 0.1522 0.1378 0.1128 0.06545 0.07889 0.06141 0.07344 0.04341 0.09222 0.09494 0.096138 1997 0.09721 0.1847 0.103 0.08531 0.05525 0.05888 0.08429 0.07032 0.07795 0.1331 0.1177 0.1566 0.10203 1998 0.07153 0.06294 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.067235 Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 5.522 0 11.18 0 0 0 6.777 2.9349 1996 0 0 2.157 0 4.775 0 0 0 5.304 0 1.395 0 1.1359 1997 0 6.916 0 0 0 0 0 1.071 0 0 4.029 0 1.0013


37

Facility: Imperial Oils Chemicals Division, Sarnia [0000070201] Control Points: 0500 (also 0200, 0700 where noted)

Flow/Loading Parameters JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Annual Av. 1998 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 112.3 220.9 175.8 302.3 144.8 234.4 239.6 159.1 198.65 Guideline** = 60.7 kg/day 1996 172.3 224.5 129.9 211.6 238.5 421.9 180.9 184 214 247.2 156.1 221.9 216.9 1997 129.6 312.9 234.2 273.9 351 156.6 706.4 254.6 331.8 222.2 234.4 192.6 283.35 1998 260.8 13.242 21.443 3.444 1.804 2.803 4.65 2.992 2.119 4.701 2.121 2.605 26.894 1999 7.522 2.737 2.070 4.256 6.562 5.656 0 1.942 3.419 1.915 2.040 8.136 3.8546 2000 n/a n/a n/a 7.170 8.623 11.123 1.218 6.794 3.645 2.478 3.063 7.859 5.7748 2001 2.926 8.753 4.092 0.307 2.025 0 3.543 1.482 14.606 15.288 4.132 3.009 5.0136 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1995 33.34 48.73 25.55 47.05 53.67 50.96 14.65 8.724 35.334 Guideline** = 8 kg/day 1996 44.84 34.08 33.23 37.16 49.66 9.208 12.59 19.11 29.15 38.07 28.64 41.15 31.407 1997 49.87 27.59 14.52 51.54 28.05 29.85 41.27 31.97 18.39 19.4 47.61 30.09 32.512 1998 60.08 1.3216 1.1039 2.4556 0.5865 2.2706 1.7037 0.5414 1.2376 0.4398 0.4885 0.5526 6.0652 1999 0.7839 0.3327 0.4398 0.4954 6.0405 1.3782 1.7915 2.1509 1.3148 1.7049 1.1221 2.0063 1.6301 2000 n/a n/a n/a 3.3175 1.2195 3.3910 0.8748 2.0723 1.2095 1.4400 1.2785 0.5010 1.7005 2001 0.7371 0.36570 0.8829 0.3016 0.4566 2.7282 0.6449 1.0672 1.7190 2.4484 0.7816 0.9654 1.0916 Hexachlorobutadiene (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1996 0 0 0.0002312 0 5.7E-05 0 0 0.0002141 0 0 0 0 0.00004183 1997 0 0 0 0 0.00051 0 0 0.0001468 0 0 0.00009299 0 0.00006217 1998 0 0 0 n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 n/a 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 2000 n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 (CP 0200)* 1998 n/a n/a 0 n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 n/a 0 (CP 0700)* 1998 n/a n/a 0 n/a 0.00023 n/a n/a 0.0000629 n/a n/a 0 n/a 0.00007332 Vinyl Chloride (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.2295 0.4906 0.2007 0.2202 0.1893 0.1558 0.3 0.378 0.27051 Guideline** = 2.4 kg/day 1996 0.2401 0.3331 0.3191 0.2802 0.5044 0.3812 0.3636 0.2082 0.3255 0.3753 0.3523 0.6094 0.3577 1997 0.3464 0.5602 0.4308 0.2691 0.4702 0.2463 2.415 0.3726 0.2678 0.3501 0.2497 0.4471 0.53544 1998 0.3034 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.18362 1999 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.15833 2000 n/a n/a n/a 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0.1 0.1 0.08889 2001 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.13333 * These data are based on single measurements. **Guidelines established February 16, 1998


38

Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Corunna.

Facility: Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Corunna [0000080309] Control Points: 0700 (also 0200 where noted)


Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Avg Flow (m3/day) 1997 35520 34320 37520 35360 25820 60000 60480 64650 55740 45490 1998 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 1999 58220 53850 54090 59070 62670 67520 n/a n/a n/a 56180 58620 56490 58523 2000 52670 51170 54870 58510 60120 64180 71910 74730 58630 50120 60000 55680 59383 2001 50280 45940 39170 45280 46810 54880 62770 64810 47270 40390 44990 38050 48387(CP 0200)* 1998 n/a 44680 47030 n/a n/a 67600 n/a n/a 68200 n/a n/a n/a 56877.5Total Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 0 2.402 0 0 2.415 0 0 4.717 0 n/a n/a n/a 1.0593 1998 n/a 60.77 3.669 n/a n/a 3.448 n/a n/a 5.047 0 0 0 10.419 1999 6.9560 3.1020 n/a n/a n/a 5.502 5.1867 2000 1.8420 4.5360 4.7930 4.8700 3.9895 2001 5.7370 0.5099 4.6580 19.5100 7.6037(CP 0200)* 1998 n/a 60.77 3.669 n/a n/a 3.448 n/a n/a 5.047 n/a n/a n/a 18.233Toluene (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0 0 0.0035 0 0 0.003165 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.00074 1998 n/a 0.02681 0.03763 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 0 0 0 0.00921 1999 0.05477 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.02456 0.02644 2000 0.03453 0 0 0.03234 0.01672 2001 0 0 0 0.00927 0.00232(CP 0200)* 1998 n/a 0.02681 0.03763 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.01611C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 72.03 64.26 69.67 69.38 63.6 139.7 147.8 96.79 80.43 n/a n/a n/a 89.296Guideline** = 220 kg/day 1998 79.36 91.51 96.08 96.81 93.5 144.9 153.4 132.7 146.6 0 0 0 86.238 1999 124.50 98.68 115.40 115.20 113.20 130.50 n/a n/a n/a 94.92 114.70 118.30 113.93 2000 131.30 108.70 121.00 130.40 119.10 156.50 162.80 159.20 139.50 138.30 115.00 126.90 134.06 2001 113.90 102.10 75.53 88.49 96.59 104.50 105.80 121.80 109.50 94.99 93.54 74.92 98.47Phenolics (kg/day) 1997 0.1036 0.0771 0.1031 0.1451 0.1289 0.3138 0.4732 0.1616 0.1713 n/a n/a n/a 0.18641Guideline** = 0.34 kg/day 1998 0.08845 0.1142 0.1148 0.1599 0.214 0.3135 0.322 0.1776 0.2647 0 0 0 0.147430 1999 0.1384 0.1314 0.1326 0.0649 0.1088 0.1913 n/a n/a n/a 0.2829 0.0945 0.0774 0.135800 2000 0.0504 0.0183 0.0289 0.0141 0.05996 0.06861 0.1313 0.08782 0.07824 0.1495 0.1431 0.1451 0.081276 2001 0.07327 0.1030 0.03173 0.03472 0.08893 0.04479 0.1898 0.04691 0.08782 0.07808 0.06665 0.03260 0.073192Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0 1.123 0 0 0 0 0 0.8652 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.22091 1998 n/a 2.726 2.352 n/a n/a 2.231 n/a n/a 1.91 0 0 0 1.317 1999 6.409 11.440 n/a n/a n/a 6.533 8.1273 2000 6.445 6.803 0 0 3.3120


39

Facility: Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Corunna [0000080309] Control Points: 0700 (also 0200 where noted)


2001 0.6146 0 0 2.7800 0.84865(CP 0200)* 1998 N/a 2.726 2.352 n/a n/a 2.231 n/a n/a 1.91 n/a n/a n/a 2.3047Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 216.4 169.8 152.1 88.85 98.95 124.2 120.9 322.6 166.9 n/a n/a n/a 162.3Guideline** = 570 kg/day 1998 378.6 412.9 311.6 106.4 503.4 283.5 398.8 505.1 429.6 0 0 0 277.49 1999 488.7 211.7 378.0 136.5 118.2 62.16 n/a n/a n/a 152.0 148.7 306.8 222.53 2000 238.9 84.86 116.5 163.6 247.3 349.1 86.3 94.0 620.8 108.0 69.1 649.4 235.65 2001 181.8 110.5 187.3 40.6 29.1 10.0 95.2 26.5 274.6 159.9 114.1 119.3 112.41Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 27.6 43.15 30.88 19.05 24.25 41.06 51.86 25.2 38.25 n/a n/a n/a 33.478Guideline** = 170 kg/day 1998 44.43 46.62 30.27 22.48 39.91 55.39 153 54.08 104.6 0 0 0 45.898 1999 14.35 70.66 80.93 0 18.63 171.70 n/a n/a n/a 43.86 66.48 21.95 54.284 2000 55.77 49.22 190.00 110.40 44.70 18.75 70.50 107.30 65.26 49.27 18.38 52.02 69.298 2001 94.02 11.27 51.09 54.99 35.30 13.73 37.70 30.92 48.91 19.58 44.87 45.35 40.640* These data are based on single measurements. ** Guidelines established February 16, 1998


40

Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Mooretown.

Facility: Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Mooretown [0000380105] Control Points: 0700 (also 0100 where noted)


Flow (m3/day) 1997 1247 1281 1182 1278 1274 1410 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1278.7 1998 1177 1129 1054 1144 1232 1194 1289 1198 1207 1245 1075 1183 1177.3 1999 1216 1299 1337 1306 1159 1232 1151 1181 1117 1103 1034 1036 1180.9 2000 915 995 868 991 1000 982 1086 994 1036 1174 1240 1311 1049.3 2001 1369 1324 1305 1242 1190 1157 1267 1280 1236 1293 1247 1346 1271.3 (CP 0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1361 n/a n/a 1361.0 1998 n/a n/a 921 n/a 1412 n/a n/a 887 n/a 1409 n/a n/a 1157.3 Total Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0.7840 0 1.056 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.7138 n/a n/a 0.3648 1998 n/a n/a 0.6908 n/a 0.3248 n/a n/a 0.6209 n/a 0.8031 n/a n/a 0.6099 (CP0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.7138 n/a n/a 0.7138 1998 n/a n/a 0.6908 n/a 0.3248 n/a n/a 0.6209 n/a 0.8031 n/a n/a 0.6099 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 8.40 8.12 9.05 13.13 8.24 12.09 n/a n/a n/a 9.17 11.70 10.03 9.99 Guideline** = 11 kg/day 1998 7.98 8.54 7.46 6.20 10.88 8.59 10.16 8.60 6.57 6.73 7.57 9.20 8.21 1999 8.08 7.18 7.61 11.49 9.90 8.75 8.33 8.15 7.15 7.54 4.88 5.12 7.85 2000 7.89 6.19 7.09 8.67 7.63 7.19 7.45 5.56 7.55 5.09 4.92 5.94 6.76 2001 5.61 5.48 4.75 8.32 5.48 7.51 7.51 7.95 5.50 5.39 7.04 8.32 6.57 Phenolics (kg/day) 1997 0.0021 0.0026 0.0014 0.0039 0.0021 0.0019 n/a n/a n/a 0.0011 0.0018 0.001 0.0020 Guideline** = 0.007 kg/day 1998 0.0013 0.0012 0.0033 0.0015 0.0016 0.0019 0.0014 0.0010 0.0007 0.0006 0.0020 0.0016 0.0015 1999 0.0032 0.0016 0.0015 0.0012 0.0034 0.0020 0.0025 0.0023 0.0030 0.0042 0.0028 0.0013 0.0024 2000 0.0024 0.0024 0.0029 0.0022 0.0018 0.0015 0.0024 0.0017 0.0012 0.0014 0.0015 0.0009 0.0019 2001 0.0020 0.0012 0.0022 0.0017 0.0015 0.0010 0.0027 0.0029 0.0019 0.0010 0.0006 0.0010 0.0016 Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0.2018 0.2121 0.2360 0.2902 0.3477 0.3064 n/a n/a n/a 0.1991 0.1317 0.1743 0.2333 Guideline** = 1.1 kg/day 1998 0.1847 0.2389 0.2347 0.1822 0.2250 0.3582 0.3477 0.2376 0.2387 0.2226 0.1590 0.2502 0.2400 1999 0.2257 0.2674 0.2096 0.1552 0.2914 0.2293 0.3155 0.2050 0.2546 0.3295 0.2273 0.2704 0.2484 2000 0.3042 0.2944 0.2787 0.3712 0.2605 0.3187 0.2954 0.2518 0.4422 0.2643 0.2544 0.2407 0.2980 2001 0.2618 0.2721 0.3434 0.2044 0.2322 0.4218 0.4015 0.3625 0.2471 0.2417 0.2952 0.3920 0.3063 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 18.59 28.02 15.71 19.20 22.98 16.58 n/a n/a n/a 22.26 18.86 10.87 19.23 Guideline** = 34 kg/day 1998 18.06 19.22 16.78 25.79 19.31 26.23 20.92 23.91 30.77 26.05 14.09 14.36 21.29 1999 9.03 14.66 21.70 15.17 16.40 21.43 33.76 23.89 25.59 24.52 19.68 26.95 21.07 2000 19.08 16.19 17.43 18.26 19.58 18.33 23.93 18.09 21.78 19.94 22.19 13.02 18.99 2001 13.35 13.01 13.97 12.98 14.74 17.64 14.42 15.95 22.41 23.89 31.77 26.04 18.35 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 1.548 1.531 2.333 2.721 1.860 1.746 n/a n/a n/a 10.930 1.818 1.828 2.924 Guideline** = 3.3 kg/day 1998 1.052 1.856 1.504 0.788 2.322 0.573 1.595 2.198 3.115 1.399 1.738 0.929 1.589


41



1999 1.647 0.692 0.675 1.441 0.421 1.740 2.425 1.435 1.8660 0.307 0.844 0.768 1.188 2000 1.599 1.621 0.587 0.657 1.006 0.598 0.907 0.720 1.0570 1.005 1.388 1.155 1.025 2001 1.348 2.231 1.464 1.672 0.736 0.686 0.602 1.196 1.5880 1.758 1.255 1.724 1.355 Zn (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0.3920 0 0.0604 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.0260 n/a n/a 0.0683 1998 n/a n/a 0.0461 n/a 0.0706 n/a n/a 0.0444 n/a 0.0564 n/a n/a 0.0543 (CP 0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.0260 n/a n/a 0.0260 1998 n/a n/a 0.0461 n/a 0.0706 n/a n/a 0.04435 n/a 0.0564 n/a n/a 0.0543 * This data is based on single measurements. ** Guidelines established February 16, 1998


42

Gross average flows and loadings for Novacor Chemicals (Canada) Ltd., Mooretown.



Flow (m3/day) 1997 1247 1281 1182 1278 1274 1410 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1278.7 1998 1177 1129 1054 1144 1232 1194 1289 1198 1207 1245 1075 1183 1177.3 1999 1216 1299 1337 1306 1159 1232 1151 1181 1117 1103 1034 1036 1180.9 2000 915 995 868 991 1000 982 1086 994 1036 1174 1240 1311 1049.3 2001 1369 1324 1305 1242 1190 1157 1267 1280 1236 1293 1247 1346 1271.3 (CP 0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1361 n/a n/a 1361.0 1998 n/a n/a 921 n/a 1412 n/a n/a 887 n/a 1409 n/a n/a 1157.3 Total Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0.7840 0 1.056 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.7138 n/a n/a 0.3648 1998 n/a n/a 0.6908 n/a 0.3248 n/a n/a 0.6209 n/a 0.8031 n/a n/a 0.6099 (CP0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.7138 n/a n/a 0.7138 1998 n/a n/a 0.6908 n/a 0.3248 n/a n/a 0.6209 n/a 0.8031 n/a n/a 0.6099 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 8.40 8.12 9.05 13.13 8.24 12.09 n/a n/a n/a 9.17 11.70 10.03 9.99 Guideline** = 11 kg/day 1998 7.98 8.54 7.46 6.20 10.88 8.59 10.16 8.60 6.57 6.73 7.57 9.20 8.21 1999 8.08 7.18 7.61 11.49 9.90 8.75 8.33 8.15 7.15 7.54 4.88 5.12 7.85 2000 7.89 6.19 7.09 8.67 7.63 7.19 7.45 5.56 7.55 5.09 4.92 5.94 6.76 2001 5.61 5.48 4.75 8.32 5.48 7.51 7.51 7.95 5.50 5.39 7.04 8.32 6.57 Phenolics (kg/day) 1997 0.0021 0.0026 0.0014 0.0039 0.0021 0.0019 n/a n/a n/a 0.0011 0.0018 0.001 0.0020 Guideline** = 0.007 kg/day 1998 0.0013 0.0012 0.0033 0.0015 0.0016 0.0019 0.0014 0.0010 0.0007 0.0006 0.0020 0.0016 0.0015 1999 0.0032 0.0016 0.0015 0.0012 0.0034 0.0020 0.0025 0.0023 0.0030 0.0042 0.0028 0.0013 0.0024 2000 0.0024 0.0024 0.0029 0.0022 0.0018 0.0015 0.0024 0.0017 0.0012 0.0014 0.0015 0.0009 0.0019 2001 0.0020 0.0012 0.0022 0.0017 0.0015 0.0010 0.0027 0.0029 0.0019 0.0010 0.0006 0.0010 0.0016 Total Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0.2018 0.2121 0.2360 0.2902 0.3477 0.3064 n/a n/a n/a 0.1991 0.1317 0.1743 0.2333 Guideline** = 1.1 kg/day 1998 0.1847 0.2389 0.2347 0.1822 0.2250 0.3582 0.3477 0.2376 0.2387 0.2226 0.1590 0.2502 0.2400 1999 0.2257 0.2674 0.2096 0.1552 0.2914 0.2293 0.3155 0.2050 0.2546 0.3295 0.2273 0.2704 0.2484 2000 0.3042 0.2944 0.2787 0.3712 0.2605 0.3187 0.2954 0.2518 0.4422 0.2643 0.2544 0.2407 0.2980 2001 0.2618 0.2721 0.3434 0.2044 0.2322 0.4218 0.4015 0.3625 0.2471 0.2417 0.2952 0.3920 0.3063 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 18.59 28.02 15.71 19.20 22.98 16.58 n/a n/a n/a 22.26 18.86 10.87 19.23 Guideline** = 34 kg/day 1998 18.06 19.22 16.78 25.79 19.31 26.23 20.92 23.91 30.77 26.05 14.09 14.36 21.29 1999 9.03 14.66 21.70 15.17 16.40 21.43 33.76 23.89 25.59 24.52 19.68 26.95 21.07 2000 19.08 16.19 17.43 18.26 19.58 18.33 23.93 18.09 21.78 19.94 22.19 13.02 18.99 2001 13.35 13.01 13.97 12.98 14.74 17.64 14.42 15.95 22.41 23.89 31.77 26.04 18.35 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 1.548 1.531 2.333 2.721 1.860 1.746 n/a n/a n/a 10.930 1.818 1.828 2.924 Guideline** = 3.3 kg/day 1998 1.052 1.856 1.504 0.788 2.322 0.573 1.595 2.198 3.115 1.399 1.738 0.929 1.589


43



1999 1.647 0.692 0.675 1.441 0.421 1.740 2.425 1.435 1.8660 0.307 0.844 0.768 1.188 2000 1.599 1.621 0.587 0.657 1.006 0.598 0.907 0.720 1.0570 1.005 1.388 1.155 1.025 2001 1.348 2.231 1.464 1.672 0.736 0.686 0.602 1.196 1.5880 1.758 1.255 1.724 1.355 Zn (kg/day) 1997 0 0 0.3920 0 0.0604 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.0260 n/a n/a 0.0683 1998 n/a n/a 0.0461 n/a 0.0706 n/a n/a 0.0444 n/a 0.0564 n/a n/a 0.0543 (CP 0100)* 1997 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.0260 n/a n/a 0.0260 1998 n/a n/a 0.0461 n/a 0.0706 n/a n/a 0.04435 n/a 0.0564 n/a n/a 0.0543 * These data are based on single measurements. ** Guidelines established February 16, 1998


44

Data Appendix 1c. Inorganic Chemicals Sector Gross average flows and loadings for Cabot Canada Ltd., Sarnia.

Facility: Cabot Canada Ltd., Sarnia [0004260006] Control Points: 0500


Flow (m3/day) 1997 1291 1342 1357 1017 1272 1429 1847 2744 2979 1846 1378 1287 1649.1 1998 1370 1362 1630 1690 1583 1989 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1604.0 1999 1538 1084 964 1372 1296 1548 1676 1841 1672 1047 765 740 1295.2 2000 581 557 492 705 903 1070 1689 1062 1048 801 745 773 868.7 2001 1009 1075 768 762 1086 926 993 1213 1028 n/a n/a n/a 984.6 Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 1.401 2.449 0.7973 0.4786 0.2866 0.4949 0.4409 0.4513 2.837 0.5713 0.2745 0.3677 0.90417 Guideline* = 2.2 kg/day 1998 0.3835 0.6807 0.886 0.5348 0.2873 0.482 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.54238 1999 1.3760 0.7966 0.7584 0.5921 0.6130 0.6972 0.5756 0.8525 0.7830 0.3479 0.1583 0.2785 0.65243 2000 0.2560 0.3382 0.2373 0.2359 0.2455 0.3359 0.9117 0.3498 0.2055 0.3025 0.2473 0.2524 0.32650 2001 0.9941 0.3590 0.2740 0.1973 0.2109 0.1300 0.3993 0.2007 0.3053 n/a n/a n/a 0.34128 C dissolved organic (kg/day) 1997 11.47 10.93 9.99 4.22 4.68 5.44 5.14 13.16 14.59 13.75 11.64 7.20 9.3517 Guideline* = 10 kg/day 1998 11.70 24.09 10.57 28.66 28.35 7.87 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 18.540 1999 13.09 15.72 8.22 6.75 8.68 7.99 6.01 11.43 10.39 17.13 3.48 13.34 10.186 2000 5.05 6.33 5.16 8.93 3.84 7.41 16.11 7.30 5.96 5.87 4.76 3.84 6.7130 2001 9.02 5.57 3.43 5.45 5.51 3.17 12.76 7.05 7.72 n/a n/a n/a 6.6314 Nitrates (kg/day) 1997 0.9443 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.078692 1998 0 0.396 0 0 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.06600 1999 0 0 1.5200 0 0 1.4220 0 0 0.2006 0 0.8500 0 0.33272 2000 0 0 0 0 0.6984 0 0 0.09746 0 0 0.4132 0 0.10076 2001 0 0.5796 0 0 0.3977 0 0 0.1594 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.12630 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 0.05396 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1225 0 0.014705 1998 0 0.132 0 0 0.229 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.060167 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0.1248 0 0 0.2006 0 0.0085 0 0.027825 2000 0 0.0141 0 0 0.01204 0 0 0.02241 0 0 0.016520 0 0.005423 2001 0 0.3817 0 0 0.01767 0 0 0.09569 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.055007 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 5.53 7.615 7.58 2.588 4.73 5.395 8.146 12.9 9.203 5.773 3.871 7.353 6.7237 Guideline* = 15 kg/day 1998 11.98 7.157 11.14 10.43 11.58 11.3 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 10.598 1999 11.80 31.40 5.40 12.39 6.36 7.24 11.34 22.06 8.14 6.26 1.98 3.68 10.671 2000 5.05 2.55 1.13 18.37 6.07 4.83 3.66 3.55 3.21 2.27 1.98 6.08 4.8945


45

Facility: Cabot Canada Ltd., Sarnia [0004260006] Control Points: 0500


2001 3.70 7.07 2.07 1.43 9.86 4.07 2.54 1.84 3.28 n/a n/a n/a 3.9849

Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 5.665 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.47208 1998 0 0.66 0 0 3.599 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.70983 1999 0 0 0 0 0 1.248 0 0 2.006 0 0.425 0 0.30658 2000 0 0.1763 0 0 0.1204 0 0 1.559 0 0 0.5206 0 0.19803 2001 0 0.1413 0 0 0.5303 0 0 0.9569 n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.18094 Zinc (kg/day) 1997 0.02698 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.01225 0 0.0032692 1998 0 0.1478 0 0 0.2094 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.0595330 1999 0 0 0.02185 0 0 0.02496 0 0 0.01404 0 0.017850 0 0.0065583 2000 0 0.006171 0 0 0.02287 0 0 0.06237 0 0 0.03553 0 0.0105780 2001 0 0.02120 0 0 0.1060 0 0 0.11640 0 n/a n/a n/a 0.027067 * Guidelines established February 16, 1998


46

Gross average flows and loadings for Praxair Canada Inc., Mooretown.

Facility: Praxair Canada Inc., Mooretown [0000381608] Control Points: 0400


Flow m3/day 1997 4 4 4 2.93 4.574 5.116 5.119 5.509 4.306 2.974 4 4 4.2107 1998 1.761 1.482 2.387 3.109 2.806 3.188 3.995 3.664 1.088 0.04778 2.212 4.9 2.5533 1999 14.000 1.675 2.308 6.275 6.665 5.981 9.028 9.253 6.920 5.376 5.907 6.595 6.6653 2000 2.016 4.830 6.138 9.042 15.210 11.220 10.220 6.008 6.333 13.280 1.596 0.02466 7.1598 2001 0.04750 0.07416 0.02035 0.01853 0.06500 0.12760 0.92250 0.03615 0.15500 5.2000 0 0 0.55557 Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 1.11E-03 8.88E-04 8.22E-04 6.38E-04 1.02E-03 8.03E-04 2.01E-03 3.20E-03 2.23E-03 1.31E-03 1.58E-03 7.04E-04 13.6E-04 Guideline = 0.0052 kg/day 1998 5.39E-04 3.51E-04 3.99E-04 1.32E-04 1.81E-03 1.48E-03 1.48E-03 1.94E-03 4.69E-04 9.89E-06 6.43E-04 1.32E-03 8.81E-04 1999 1.49E-04 1.48E-04 4.86E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.652E-04 2000 0 4.62E-04 0 0 0 0 20.68E-04 0 0 0 0 0 2.10E-04 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.44E-04 0 0 23.29E-04 0 0 2.39E-04 Copper (kg/day) 1997 0 0 9.20E-05 1.01E-04 0 0 1.64E-04 0 0 2.70E-04 0 0 5.23E-05 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.64E-04 0 0 0.30E-04 C dissolved organic 1997 0.044 0.0466 0.03304 0.02417 0.03798 0.0298 0.05602 0.05829 0.05744 0.03357 0.0496 0.03672 0.042269 Guideline = 0.17 kg/day 1998 0.01203 0.0157 0.02172 7.31E-03 0.03164 0.07908 0.04041 0.04028 8.31E-03 2.42E-04 0.01719 0.04364 0.026462 1999 6.63E-03 7.50E-03 7.51E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.001803 2000 0 35.82E-03 0 0 0 0 0.1029 0 0 0 0 0 0.011560 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 00.01360 0 0 0.05969 0 0 0.006108 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 2.54E-03 2.63E-03 1.09E-03 1.19E-03 1.80E-03 1.55E-03 2.77E-03 3.53E-03 2.80E-03 1.68E-03 2.99E-03 1.96E-03 2.21E-03 Guideline = 0.015 kg/day 1998 1.02E-03 7.66E-04 1.04E-03 4.65E-04 2.59E-03 2.90E-03 2.34E-03 2.13E-03 5.55E-04 1.93E-05 6.47E-04 1.39E-03 1.32E-03 1999 2.29E-04 2.59E-04 2.44E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.061E-03 2000 0 13.2E-04 0 0 0 0 55.86E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0.576E-03 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 016.9E-04 0 0 48.7E-04 0 0 0.546E-03 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 0.01109 0.01897 0.0109 6.77E-03 0.01063 0.01354 0.02079 0.02083 0.02597 0.01913 0.0111 0.01214 0.015155 Guideline = 0.14 kg/day 1998 6.46E-03 4.63E-03 5.09E-03 9.43E-03 0.0138 0.01037 0.01242 9.21E-03 5.08E-03 1.10E-04 3.73E-03 0.04977 0.010842 1999 0.02709 0.008971 0.01389 0.06235 0.04089 0.02461 0.09765 0.03572 0.04279 0.01279 0.01598 0.03214 0.034573 2000 0.00604 0.02512 0.02991 0.02827 0.06246 0.02961 0.05548 0.02746 0.03660 0.02555 0.00444 0.00015 0.027590 2001 1.6E-04 3.96E-04 0.45E-04 0.62E-04 2.22E-04 9.11E-04 95.7E-04 1.29E-04 7.37E-04 0.02383 0 0 0.003005


47



Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 3.97E-03 3.97E-03 3.97E-03 2.56E-03 6.02E-03 8.99E-03 6.61E-03 5.58E-03 4.69E-03 6.24E-03 3.96E-03 3.96E-03 5.04E-03 Guideline = 0.047 kg/day 1998 2.03E-03 1.68E-03 2.82E-03 8.53E-04 3.93E-03 0.004 2.95E-03 7.60E-03 8.60E-04 2.30E-05 2.07E-03 5.50E-03 2.86E-03 1999 2.48E-03 1.97E-03 3.14E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.63E-03 2000 0 3.00E-03 0 0 0 0 9.80E-03 0 0 0 0 0 1.07E-03 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.36E-03 0 0 5.20E-03 0 0 0.547E-03 Zinc (kg/day) 1997 8.06E-04 7.60E-04 6.74E-04 3.57E-04 6.84E-04 3.98E-04 2.68E-04 5.95E-04 2.83E-04 5.15E-04 3.90E-04 5.28E-04 5.22E-04 Guideline = 0.0066 kg/day 1998 3.92E-04 5.65E-04 1.35E-03 1.06E-04 1.03E-03 3.44E-04 1.01E-04 1.52E-04 5.61E-05 4.60E-07 7.09E-05 3.00E-04 3.73E-04 1999 0.62E-04 4.67E-04 14.13E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.62E-04 2000 0 4.02E-04 0 0 0 0 17.64E-04 0 0 0 0 0 1.81E-04 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 01.09E-04 0 0 10.29E-04 0 0 0.95E-04 * Guidelines established February 16, 1998


48

Gross average 1997 to 1998 flows and loadings for Praxair Canada Inc., Mooretown.



Flow m3/day 1997 4 4 4 2.93 4.574 5.116 5.119 5.509 4.306 2.974 4 4 4.2107 1998 1.761 1.482 2.387 3.109 2.806 3.188 3.995 3.664 1.088 0.04778 2.212 4.9 2.5533 1999 14.000 1.675 2.308 6.275 6.665 5.981 9.028 9.253 6.920 5.376 5.907 6.595 6.6653 2000 2.016 4.830 6.138 9.042 15.210 11.220 10.220 6.008 6.333 13.280 1.596 0.02466 7.1598 2001 0.04750 0.07416 0.02035 0.01853 0.06500 0.12760 0.92250 0.03615 0.15500 5.2000 0 0 0.55557 Aluminium (kg/day) 1997 1.11E-03 8.88E-04 8.22E-04 6.38E-04 1.02E-03 8.03E-04 2.01E-03 3.20E-03 2.23E-03 1.31E-03 1.58E-03 7.04E-04 13.6E-04 Guideline = 0.0052 kg/day 1998 5.39E-04 3.51E-04 3.99E-04 1.32E-04 1.81E-03 1.48E-03 1.48E-03 1.94E-03 4.69E-04 9.89E-06 6.43E-04 1.32E-03 8.81E-04 1999 1.49E-04 1.48E-04 4.86E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.652E-04 2000 0 4.62E-04 0 0 0 0 20.68E-04 0 0 0 0 0 2.10E-04 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.44E-04 0 0 23.29E-04 0 0 2.39E-04 Copper (kg/day) 1997 0 0 9.20E-05 1.01E-04 0 0 1.64E-04 0 0 2.70E-04 0 0 5.23E-05 1998 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1999 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.64E-04 0 0 0.30E-04 C dissolved organic 1997 0.044 0.0466 0.03304 0.02417 0.03798 0.0298 0.05602 0.05829 0.05744 0.03357 0.0496 0.03672 0.042269 Guideline = 0.17 kg/day 1998 0.01203 0.0157 0.02172 7.31E-03 0.03164 0.07908 0.04041 0.04028 8.31E-03 2.42E-04 0.01719 0.04364 0.026462 1999 6.63E-03 7.50E-03 7.51E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.001803 2000 0 35.82E-03 0 0 0 0 0.1029 0 0 0 0 0 0.011560 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 00.01360 0 0 0.05969 0 0 0.006108 Phosphorus (kg/day) 1997 2.54E-03 2.63E-03 1.09E-03 1.19E-03 1.80E-03 1.55E-03 2.77E-03 3.53E-03 2.80E-03 1.68E-03 2.99E-03 1.96E-03 2.21E-03 Guideline = 0.015 kg/day 1998 1.02E-03 7.66E-04 1.04E-03 4.65E-04 2.59E-03 2.90E-03 2.34E-03 2.13E-03 5.55E-04 1.93E-05 6.47E-04 1.39E-03 1.32E-03 1999 2.29E-04 2.59E-04 2.44E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.061E-03 2000 0 13.2E-04 0 0 0 0 55.86E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0.576E-03 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 016.9E-04 0 0 48.7E-04 0 0 0.546E-03 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1997 0.01109 0.01897 0.0109 6.77E-03 0.01063 0.01354 0.02079 0.02083 0.02597 0.01913 0.0111 0.01214 0.015155 Guideline = 0.14 kg/day 1998 6.46E-03 4.63E-03 5.09E-03 9.43E-03 0.0138 0.01037 0.01242 9.21E-03 5.08E-03 1.10E-04 3.73E-03 0.04977 0.010842 1999 0.02709 0.008971 0.01389 0.06235 0.04089 0.02461 0.09765 0.03572 0.04279 0.01279 0.01598 0.03214 0.034573 2000 0.00604 0.02512 0.02991 0.02827 0.06246 0.02961 0.05548 0.02746 0.03660 0.02555 0.00444 0.00015 0.027590 2001 1.6E-04 3.96E-04 0.45E-04 0.62E-04 2.22E-04 9.11E-04 95.7E-04 1.29E-04 7.37E-04 0.02383 0 0 0.003005


49



Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1997 3.97E-03 3.97E-03 3.97E-03 2.56E-03 6.02E-03 8.99E-03 6.61E-03 5.58E-03 4.69E-03 6.24E-03 3.96E-03 3.96E-03 5.04E-03 Guideline = 0.047 kg/day 1998 2.03E-03 1.68E-03 2.82E-03 8.53E-04 3.93E-03 0.004 2.95E-03 7.60E-03 8.60E-04 2.30E-05 2.07E-03 5.50E-03 2.86E-03 1999 2.48E-03 1.97E-03 3.14E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.63E-03 2000 0 3.00E-03 0 0 0 0 9.80E-03 0 0 0 0 0 1.07E-03 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.36E-03 0 0 5.20E-03 0 0 0.547E-03 Zinc (kg/day) 1997 8.06E-04 7.60E-04 6.74E-04 3.57E-04 6.84E-04 3.98E-04 2.68E-04 5.95E-04 2.83E-04 5.15E-04 3.90E-04 5.28E-04 5.22E-04 Guideline = 0.0066 kg/day 1998 3.92E-04 5.65E-04 1.35E-03 1.06E-04 1.03E-03 3.44E-04 1.01E-04 1.52E-04 5.61E-05 4.60E-07 7.09E-05 3.00E-04 3.73E-04 1999 0.62E-04 4.67E-04 14.13E-04 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.62E-04 2000 0 4.02E-04 0 0 0 0 17.64E-04 0 0 0 0 0 1.81E-04 2001 0 0 0 0 0 0 01.09E-04 0 0 10.29E-04 0 0 0.95E-04 * Guidelines established February 16, 1998


50

Data Appendix 1d. Thermal Generating Sector Gross average flows and loadings for Ontario Power Generation Lambton TGS, Courtright.

Facility: Lambton TGS, Courtright [0001841204] Control Points: 3200 (also 3400 where noted)


Flow (m3/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 4643 5363 4168 3240 4477 4162 4342.2 1996 4599 4861 3238 4905 4850 5827 5139 5656 5362 5097 4281 4354 4847.4 1997 5950 6033 4274 2866 3949 6580 5666 5987 6483 5011 5432 5437 5305.7 1998 6387 4787 4499 14010 n/a n/a 723.6 670.3 822.1 19280 16510 12110 7979.9 1999 12120 11580 13810 16800 15460 13940 16530 16270 15330 14060 14110 13560 14464.2 2000 14890 13190 12170 11450 9949 12490 13460 14620 14850 14650 16230 15660 13634.1 2001 13750 15880 12010 n/a n/a n/a 10010.0 11610 10970 11390 13920 14150 12632.2 Aluminium (kg/day) 1996 0.2821 1.7360 1.1500 1.1890 1.3650 1.3630 1.2180 1.0510 1.5890 1.2800 0.8507 0.8181 1.1577 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.5172 0.6422 0.5506 0.2334 0.2458 0.5505 0.4566 1997 0.9183 0.6731 0.3901 1.9890 0.3128 1.0790 0.4995 1.5630 2.8440 9.0530 2.2500 2.8060 2.0315 1998 3.5640 5.9660 0.3927 6.4330 n/a n/a 0.3604 0.0589 0.2720 7.9460 6.7110 2.9120 3.4616 1999 3.9800 6.9420 4.8390 3.2440 4.0660 7.2930 10.250 6.7120 7.4540 5.3860 5.0370 3.6170 5.7350 2000 2.8350 2.7020 1.8170 0.8829 2.3240 0.1277 0.6514 0.5623 1.7730 0.6250 0.3076 2.1120 1.3936 2001 1.7650 6.7050 3.5780 n/a n/a n/a 8.8300 7.2480 6.4180 6.3920 5.7240 4.8640 5.7249 Iron (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0.0896 0.2470 0.1803 0.1115 0.1872 0.2015 0.1695 1996 0.1774 0.4196 0.2837 0.4576 0.9404 0.4448 0.5514 0.2297 0.6814 0.4074 0.4624 0.2943 0.4458 1997 1.1100 0.9036 0.8142 0.1173 0.4461 1.4700 0.6728 1.0340 0.6706 0.8232 0.4365 0.6959 0.7662 1998 0.6454 0.7905 0.0884 2.2670 n/a n/a 0.0848 0.0045 0.0846 10.6900 3.7230 1.3570 1.9735 1999 2.6150 1.7030 2.7340 4.5820 1.2780 1.2650 2.1750 2.0080 3.3180 1.0550 2.0430 1.7040 2.2067 2000 1.2320 1.0220 1.4590 0.9956 1.0000 1.4930 1.1250 1.0290 3.1140 0.5079 0.4439 0.2463 1.1390 2001 0.9800 1.1540 0.6731 n/a n/a n/a 1.0800 2.1640 0.6878 0.7728 1.0250 0.5798 1.0129 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 4.52 9.56 5.43 4.97 9.47 25.10 9.84 1996 24.50 41.06 32.69 51.41 33.71 37.69 29.63 21.01 12.39 18.04 19.32 22.12 28.63 1997 31.19 27.05 49.68 24.55 28.41 44.41 26.69 31.40 33.50 28.69 31.56 198.00 46.26 1998 263.40 272.00 308.70 372.00 n/a n/a 65.52 10.86 16.36 486.40 489.00 480.50 276.5 1999 251.40 284.50 211.30 402.50 280.70 289.50 473.70 272.20 485.70 193.30 330.20 341.60 318.05 2000 318.50 188.50 162.50 221.50 182.50 244.70 110.00 107.40 96.37 93.79 267.00 223.60 184.70 2001 106.20 232.40 128.20 n/a n/a n/a 105.90 179.40 140.50 49.16 90.65 120.10 128.06 Particulate Residue [RSP] (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 0 0 27.510 24.390 0 0 8.650


51

Facility: Lambton TGS, Courtright [0001841204] Control Points: 3200 (also 3400 where noted)


(CP 3400) 1996 0 0 14.920 0 0 28.540 37.350 0 0 0 28.220 0 9.086 1997 0 0 13.620 0 0 31.310 0 0 21.080 0 0 120.700 15.559 1998 0 0 139.700 0 n/a n/a 29.970 22.650 31.710 30.340 0 0 25.437 1999 0.605 0 0 0.166 0 0 0.005 0 43.050 0.043 0 161.000 17.072 2000 1.444 0 28.800 1.185 0 271.100 0.006 0 57.750 53.560 0 0 34.487 2001 0 0.330 104.500 n/a n/a n/a 0 0.002 26.710 0 21.540 38.380 21.274 Solvent Extractables (kg/day) 1995 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 6.956 0 0.255 0.257 0 0 1.245 (CP 3400) 1996 0 0 6 0 0 1.339 1.828 0 0 0 0.233 0 0.289 1997 0 0 0.748 0 0 2.172 0 0 1.476 0 0 10.260 1.221 1998 0 0 4.757 0 n/a n/a 9.507 12.11 8.723 10.170 0 0 4.527 1999 0.112 0 0 0.249 0 0 0.002 0 16.030 0.018 0 16.730 2.762 2000 0.258 0 9.516 0.056 0 14.120 0.001 0 13.030 17.270 0 0 4.521 2001 0 0.110 6.845 n/a n/a n/a 0 0.001 13.240 0 0.949 12.400 3.727


53

DATA APPENDIX 2. NPDES PERMIT COMPLIANCE SYSTEM MONITORING DATA FOR MICHIGAN POINT SOURCES 1995 TO 1998

Data Appendix 2a. Annual point source loads for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 for industrial

facilities

Facility Year Flow

(conduit or million gal)

Phosphorus (total kg)

Arsenic (total kg)

Cadmium (total kg)

Copper (total kg)

Zinc (total kg)

Toluene (kg)

1995 1,337.43 227.67 - - 63.07 - - 1996 1,522.64 979.46 - - 50.02 - - 1997 889.91 107.91 - - 34.84 - - 1998 922.56 1,303.55 - - 21.29 - -

DECO - Greenwood Energy Center

TOTALS 4,672.54 2,618.59 - - 169.22 - - 1995 357,955.94 302.82 - - 1,312.66 - - 1996 343,487.46 0.00 - - 1.79 - - 1997 357,417.96 0.00 - - 0.00 - - 1998 351,842.91 0.00 - - 592.21 - -

DECO - St. Clair Plant

TOTALS 1,410,703.60 302.82 - - 1,906.66 - - 1995 4,946.83 0.42 - - - - - 1996 6,113.87 2.14 - - - - - 1997 9,242.95 0.00 - - - - - 1998 17,262.65 0.00 - - - - -

DECO - Marysville Plant

TOTALS 37,566.30 2.56 - - - - - 1995 223,098.45 - 0.13 0.0069 - - 1996 188,369.10 - 0.29 0.01 - - 1997 194,329.77 - 0.00 0.00 - - 1998 215,005.83 - 0.00 0.00 - -

DECO - Belle River Plant

TOTALS 820,803.15 - 0.43 0.02 - - 1995 917.40 - - - 37.61 - - 1996 1,092.00 - - - 72.37 - - 1997 918.30 - - - 68.14 - - 1998 929.40 - - - 37.25 - -

Crown Paper - Port Huron

TOTALS 3,857.10 - - - 215.37 - - 1995 3,382.38 690.76 - 0.35 223.89 1996 3,976.11 2,625.85 - 1.93 204.12 1997 4,069.20 4,016.33 - 1.57 207.88 1998 4,156.68 3,065.31 - 3.00 150.49

EB Eddy Paper Inc.

TOTALS 15,584.37 10,398.24 - 6.85 786.39 1995 1,137.00 533.69 - - 16.29 5.70 - 1996 1,464.00 1,247.12 - - 22.73 47.90 - 1997 1,335.00 782.02 - - 17,622.39 98.11 - 1998 1,290.00 58.36 - - 0.02 11.87 -

Cargill Salt Division - St. Clair

TOTALS 5,226.00 2,621.19 - - 17,661.44 163.57 -


54

Data Appendix 2b. Annual point source loads for St. Clair River 1995 to 1998 for Waste Water Sewage Lagoons and Waste Water Treatment Plants

Facility Year Flow

(conduit or million gal)

Phosphorus (total kg)

Cadmium (total kg)

Copper (total kg)

Zinc (total kg)

Mercury (total kg)

1995 656.67 1,072.43 - 6.01 - - 1996 739.05 893.91 - 5.51 - - 1997 807.42 896.20 - 0.00 - - 1998 704.61 1,201.80 - 8.37 - -

Algonac WWTP

TOTALS 2,907.75 4,064.34 - 19.89 - - 1995 180.00 1,465.98 - - - - 1996 353.40 7,609.78 - - - - 1997 382.20 5,831.38 - - - - 1998 382.20 5,992.22 - - - -

Capac WWSL

TOTALS 1,297.80 20,899.35 - - - - 1995 303.42 596.82 - 13.23 22.14 - 1996 356.25 459.14 - 7.52 15.84 - 1997 365.97 381.43 - 6.25 14.04 - 1998 321.15 344.08 - 8.20 18.33 -

Marine City WWTP

TOTALS 1,346.79 1,781.47 - 35.20 70.35 - 1995 1,085.40 2,868.22 - 24.83 25.28 - 1996 1,151.40 3,397.23 - 16.92 0.00 - 1997 1,128.00 2,960.26 - 13.50 19.19 - 1998 967.20 2,910.72 - 12.92 13.90 -

Marysville WWTP

TOTALS 4,332.00 12,136.43 - 68.17 58.36 - 1995 4,440.00 10,339.64 - 230.33 2,119.87 - 1996 4,730.40 9,298.04 - 199.77 1,528.73 - 1997 15,581.70 29,419.78 - 934.92 4,746.01 - 1998 3,945.60 11,148.91 - 203.48 2,068.39 -

Port Huron WWTP

TOTALS 28,697.70 60,206.36 - 1,568.50 10,463.01 - 1995 452.55 1,008.04 0.52 11.33 95.36 2.06 1996 523.44 909.72 0.49 16.63 219.28 2.18 1997 438.24 892.51 0.39 8.21 23.68 0.63 1998 421.77 1,005.62 0.00 7.30 24.06 1.17

St. Clair WWTP

TOTALS 1,836.00 3,815.89 1.40 43.47 362.37 6.04 1995 178.14 437.01 - - - 0.00 1996 212.46 448.92 - - - 0.04 1997 207.00 436.68 - - - 0.03 1998 182.88 383.38 - - - 0.03

St. Clair River SA WWTP

TOTALS 780.48 1,705.99 - - - 0.10


55

DATA APPENDIX 3. ENVIRONMENT CANADA HEAD AND MOUTH RESULTS FOR METALS AND ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN WHOLE WATER

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Point Edward (St. Clair R. upstream site) Port Lambton (St. Clair R. downstream site)

alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane in St. Clair River

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

[con

cent

ratio

ns n

g/L]

Figure 1. Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane in whole water samples collected from head ( Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of the St. Clair River (from Environment Canada; 1987 to March 1999).


56

Figure 2. Pyrene in whole water samples collected from head (Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; January 1988 to March 2001; detection limit before 2000 = 0.0002 mg/L – lower afterward).

Port Lambton (Pyrene)

0.00

500.00

1000.00

1500.00

2000.00

14-Nov-84

11-Aug-87

7-May-90 31-Jan-93

28-Oct-95

24-Jul-98 19-Apr-01

Date

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/g)

Point Edward (Pyrene)

0.00

500.00

1000.00

1500.00

2000.00

11-Aug-87 7-May-90 31-Jan-93 28-Oct-95 24-Jul-98 19-Apr-01

Date

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/g)


57

Figure 3. Fluoranthene in whole water samples collected from head (Pt Edward) and mouth (Port Lambton) of St. Clair River (from C.H. Chan; January 1988 to March 2001; detection limit before 2000 = 0.0002 mg/L – lower afterward).

Port Lambton (Fluoanthene)

0.00

1000.00

2000.00

3000.00

4000.00

5000.00

14-Nov-84

11-Aug-87

7-May-90 31-Jan-93

28-Oct-95

24-Jul-98 19-Apr-01

Date

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/g)

Point Edward (Fluoranthene)

0.00

1000.00

2000.00

3000.00

4000.00

5000.00

11-Aug-87 7-May-90 31-Jan-93 28-Oct-95 24-Jul-98 19-Apr-01

Date

Con

cent

ratio

n (n

g/g)


59

DATA APPENDIX 4. AIR EMISSIONS DATA FOR SELECTED CHEMICALS AND INDUSTRIES LOCATED ON THE SHORES OF THE ONTARIO SIDE OF THE ST. CLAIR RIVER

Table 1. Historical substance reports for air emissions (tonnes) data for selected chemicals and industries on the Ontario side of the St. Clair River.

Facility Year Emissions of chemicals to the air in tonnes Ammonia Acetonitrile Benzene 1,3-Butadiene Cyclohexane Ethylene Methanol Styrene 2002 67.2 6.037 NA 45.2 119.8 29.9 195.3 0 2001 97.97 6.03 NA 59.865 293.926 39.882 103.394 0.354 2000 71.86 6.005 NA 40.388 460.735 40.587 13.65 2.094 1999 69.39 7.52 NA 60.068 458.2 45.65 10.883 1.118 1998 70.64 8.167 NA 64.77 549.682 43.071 11.473 0.77 1997 73.465 11.182 9.24 67.473 602.709 54.85 11.595 0.92 1996 53.668 23.7 71.66 81.27 528.2 54.65 NA 1.483 1995 77.03 79.055 167.131 179.887 468.843 37.17 NA 1.63

Bayer Inc. NPRI ID: 1944 Bayer Inc. Sarnia Site 1265 Vidal Street South Sarnia, ON N7T 7M2

1994 NA 79.13 319.075 247.458 270.5 46 NA NA Ammonia Benzene Ethylene Ethyl benzene Ethylene oxide Methanol Styrene Toluene Vinyl chloride

2002 0.17 NA 114.531 2.827 0.343 0.165 6.141 0.169 NA 2001 0.164 NA 126.364 2.743 0.442 0.152 7.246 0.376 NA 2000 0.575 NA 148.932 2.84 1.067 0.086 6.757 0.375 NA 1999 0.012 0.148 237.509 2.942 0.593 0.102 9.143 1.695 0.075 1998 0.004 11.319 129.737 7.707 0.937 0.092 14.771 1.459 0.259 1997 0.027 18.744 218.54 10.887 0.425 0.032 18.131 3.73 8.875 1996 0.051 36.449 188.419 7.885 0.241 0.075 23.207 0.751 0 1995 0.063 48.13 218.403 14.737 1.578 0.093 16.003 0.892 0.007

Dow Chemical Canada Inc. NPRI ID: 3146 Dow Chemical Canada Inc. - Sarnia 1425 Vidal Street South Sarnia, ON N7T 8C6 1994 NA 64.645 253.98 14.27 4.66 0.08 15.31 1.4 0.03

1,2-dichloro ethane

Dichloro methane Cyclohexane Toluene

2002 0.005 1.16 1.37 0.176 2001 0.086 1.26 0.057 2000 0.311 0.63 0.076 0.071 1999 0.028 0 0.094 0.048 1998 0.032 0 0.2 0.043 1997 0.037 0 NA 0.06 1996 0.044 NA NA 0.09 1995 0.06 NA NA 0.01

Ethyl Canada Inc. NPRI ID: 2734 Ethyl Canada Inc.- Corunna Site 220 St. Clair Parkway Corunna, ON N0N 1G0

1994 1.132 NA NA 0.13


60

1,3- butadiene Cyclo hexane Ethyl benzene Ethylene Methanol Propylene Toluene

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Vinyl chloride

2002 0.027 2.736 0.623 159.899 0.052 17.162 7.532 0.554 NA 2001 0.066 4.059 0.9 277.103 0.146 22.144 7.513 1.385 NA 2000 0.03 0.842 1.907 303.83 0.177 23.124 3.769 4.635 NA 1999 0.044 1.73 0.708 299.1 0.087 18.8 3.94 3.882 0.166 1998 0.047 1.643 1.088 186.242 0.285 23.24 5.079 7.654 0.166 1997 0.061 2.311 1.198 101.11 0.241 35.35 8.956 7.51 11.43 1996 0.039 1.972 1.229 175.22 0.2 46.53 7.485 7.403 5.456 1995 0.17 1.66 1.156 250.655 0.2 129.56 7.2 5.443 5.606

Imperial Oil NPRI ID: 1464 Sarnia Chemical Plant 602 South Christina Street Sarnia, ON N7T 7M5

1994 1.6 2.9 1.2 303.5 0.2 88.9 26.605 10.4 9.76

Ammonia Benzene 1,3-Butadiene Ethylene Methanol Methyl ethyl ketone

Methly isobutyl ketone Napthalene Propylene Toluene

2002 8.578 11.077 0.06 2.551 9.474 44.903 65.003 0.846 92.439 17.907 2001 1.528 10.811 0.068 3.421 30.609 50.6 72.49 0.85 31.642 19.11 2000 2.907 16.787 0.101 16.245 82.096 51.799 74.195 1.05 34.015 21.63 1999 2.718 15.678 0.251 15.459 66.291 49.98 48.58 1.161 33.522 19.138 1998 5.576 16.259 0.884 22.769 68.705 29.89 72.66 2.813 38.602 26.934 1997 2.888 19.247 0.976 19.152 75.007 59.15 68.39 2.959 35.759 32.139 1996 5.535 25.165 1.266 34 0.036 61.165 95.286 3.29 27.482 47.87 1995 19.54 28.13 1.29 41.16 0.51 89 71.5 4.171 13.62 54.06

Imperial Oil NPRI ID: 3704 Sarnia Refinery Plant 602 South Christina Street Sarnia, ON N7T 7M5

1994 1.4 32.39 1.4 30.712 1.29 74.19 71.02 4.366 20.48 56.98

Benzene 1,3-Butadiene Ethylene Ethyl benzene Napthalene Propylene Styrene Toluene 2002 56.429 17.907 50.98 5.89 3.734 28.45 3.842 24.792 2001 46.835 19.11 80.007 5.048 1.44 46.484 2.461 22.835 2000 47.059 21.63 118.447 7.7 2.124 76.657 3.03 26.71 1999 26.951 19.138 63 NA 2.654 37.9 1.35 22.191 1998 35.093 26.934 70 NA 5.199 42.38 NA 22.916 1997 44.07 32.139 152.3 NA 1.028 68.65 NA 27.051 1996 62.363 47.87 122 NA 2.25 56.15 NA 32.759 1995 39.38 54.06 81 NA NA 124 NA 15.14

Nova Chemicals (Canada) Ltd. NPRI ID:1776 Corunna Site 785 Petrolia Line Corunna, ON N0N 1G0

1994 51.095 56.98 169 NA NA 41.2 NA 14.456


61

Ethylene Ethyl benzene Styrene Toluene

2002 1.043 17.217 11.401 7.146 2001 16.23 24.02 20.983 7 2000 4.63 19.04 18.01 6.18 1999 17 20.703 15.19 7.87 1998 4 41.11 25.647 5.505 1997 4.1 44.4 28.5 5.5 1996 1.5 25.8 18.9 6.2 1995 1 19.8 14.59 6

Nova Chemicals (Canada) Ltd. NPRI ID: 1785 Sarnia Site 872 Tashmoo Ave Sarnia, ON N7T 8A3

1994 NA 136.1 43.7 45.7

Ethylene Ethylene glycolIsopropyl alchohol Propylene

2002 325.19 NA 17.064 4.191 2001 288.552 NA 15.402 4.979 2000 316.07 NA 10.451 10.45 1999 213.871 0.318 4.806 2.556 1998 285.6 0.613 7.47 6.02 1997 211.22 0.112 5.94 2.9 1996 229 0.136 9.5 3.65 1995 218.1 0.136 9.55 3.57

Nova Chemicals Corporation NPRI ID: 1788 Moore Site P. O. Box 3042 510 Moore Line Road Sarnia, ON N7T 8C9

1994 206 0.034 8.85 2.24

Biphenyl Cyclo hexane Ethylene Toluene 2002 3.6 455.816 9.91 6.574 2001 3 517.877 17.818 11.895 2000 3 518.247 8.9 19.723 1999 2.072 527.118 12.77 27.153 1998 3.95 1057.8 17 56.027 1997 2.9 1960.47 27 56.01 1996 1.1 2100.81 23 62.01 1995 4 2010.76 34 107.03

Nova Chemicals Corporation NPRI ID: 4700 St. Clair River Site 285 Albert Street Corunna, ON N0N 1G0

1994 5 1960.5 40 64.15


62

Methanol

Hexa chloro benzene

Hydro chloric acid Vinyl chloride

2002 19.25 3.847 118.3 6.164 2001 21.791 3.24 99.5 4.761 2000 23.09 3 92.2 8.749 1999 20.729 NA 144 5.313 1998 0.055 NA 145.602 8.614 1997 1996 1995

Royal Polymers Ltd. NPRI ID: 5728 Sarnia PVC Plant 1 Esso Chemical Drive Sarnia, ON N7T 8G1

1994

Ammonia Benzene Cyclo hexane Ethylene Ethyl benzene Methanol Napthalene Propylene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Toluene

2002 0.538 12.876 5.577 5.864 6.36 0.157 0.297 8.811 1.845 37.23 2001 0.605 32.7 7.37 9.171 9.878 2.099 0.694 24.313 3.66 55.011 2000 1.233 23.934 6.929 5.853 8.749 1.014 0.619 19.123 7.413 42.602 1999 3.842 34.672 8.47 5.055 11.686 0.698 2.281 25.68 8.168 57.522 1998 1.635 36.515 10.356 8.125 11.286 0.746 2.228 28.835 8.138 59.124 1997 2.601 41.739 11.801 8.87 13.047 2.027 2.565 38.52 11.351 65.289 1996 1.648 68.223 16.644 8.685 11.093 2.131 2.534 46.061 11.281 69.904 1995 8.314 70.281 8.679 10.449 13.935 3.117 2.083 48.144 12.963 68.301

Shell Canada Products NPRI ID: 3962 Sarnia Manufacturing Centre 150 St. Clair Parkway Corunna, ON N0N 1G0

1994 13.48 92.761 16.3 9.54 13.399 17.2 2.123 45.07 13.48 97.826

Ammonia Benzene Chlorine Ethyl benzene Methanol Napthalene Propylene Toluene 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene Xylenes

2002 5.024 11.838 0.1 15.161 15.161 0.465 14.248 51.617 3.64 67.103 2001 3.25 22.3 0.1 22.258 22.258 0.53 2.259 48.729 3.653 92.746 2000 3.914 10.661 0.1 19.288 19.288 0.606 0.886 36.262 3.088 73.156 1999 6.44 27.766 0.1 24.359 24.359 0.097 16.5 73.463 4.723 98.3 1998 6.153 17.097 0.1 20.762 20.762 0.43 17.188 64.416 0.483 81.82 1997 1.68 17.978 0.1 17.826 17.826 0.003 17.188 80.404 0.669 80.684 1996 5.996 26.468 0.1 23.015 23.015 0.003 NA 104.051 5.281 115.607 1995 3.461 30.617 0.063 15.23 15.23 1.753 NA 105.312 2.37 65.66

Suncor Energy Products Inc. NPRI ID: 3071 Sarnia Refinery 1900 River Road P.O. Box 307 Sarnia, ON N7T 7J3

1994 NA 49.765 0.063 6.87 6.87 NA NA 102.238 0.8 36.186


63

DATA APPENDIX 5. CONTAMINANT MONITORING RESULTS FOR WHITE SUCKER AND WALLEYE FROM THE ST. CLAIR RIVER

Table 1. Mean (SE) mercury and total PCB concentrations in walleye and white suckers from the Upper, Middle and Lower St. Clair River between 1978 and 2003.

Site/Species Jan-1978 (20) Jun-1991 (6) Aug-1994 (9) Oct-1999 (3) Sep-2003 (4) Weight (g) NM NM 126.95 (126.95) 819.66 (185.66) 515.50 (213.90) Length (cm) NM NM 42.44 (2.74) 42.26 (3.66) 34.00 (5.48) Hg (ug/g) NM NM 0.34 (0.06) 0.30 (0.12) 0.11 (0.06)

Lower / White Sucker

PCB (ng/g) NM NM 20.00 (0.0) NM 53.67 (19.87) May-1985 (19) Jun-1991 (3) Aug-1994 (3) Oct-1999 (2) Sep-2003 (10)

Weight (g) 830.00 (102.14) NM 1053.33 (164.98) 715.00 (154.00) 801.90 (111.29) Length (cm) 41.72 (1.52) NM 46.80 (2.64) 41.65 (2.95) 40.25 (2.66) Hg (ug/g) 0.22 (0.04) NM 0.26 (0.04) 0.29 (0.05) 0.21 (0.05)

Middle / White Sucker

PCB (ng/g) NM NM 20.00 (0.00) NM 122.4 () Jan-1985 (20) Jun-1991 (13) Aug-1994 (8) Oct-1999 (2) Sep-2003 (9)

Weight (g) 841.50 (65.62) 576.92 (76.15) 739.62 (124.26) 786.00 (60.00) 477.33 (122.84) Length (cm) 40.76 (1.40) 36.35 (1.73) 40.26 (2.91) 43.10 (3.60) 32.71 (3.31) Hg (ug/g) 0.22 (0.04) 0.22 (0.03) 0.38 (0.8) 0.26 (0.17) 0.07 (0.01)

Upper / White Sucker

PCB (ng/g) NM 69.62 () 92.00 () NM 26.60 ()

Site/Species Jan-1978 (20) Jun-1991 (6) Aug-1994 (7) Oct-1999 (15) Sep-2003 (0) Weight (g) 755.00 (116.22) 1255.83 (155.32) 844.86 (118.96) 908.53 (165.62) NM Length (cm) 41.42 (2.30) 48.052 (1.65) 45.4 (2.13) 44.00 (2.29) NM Hg (ug/g) 0.446 (0.06) 0.400 (0.07) 0.384 (0.14) 0.362 (0.08) NM

Lower / Walleye

PCB (ng/g) 269.58 (65.87) 142.50 (32.52) 120.00 (80.11) NM NM Jan-1985 (15) Jun-1991 (20) Aug-1994 (6) Oct-1999 (14) Sep-2003 (4)


Middle / Walleye

PCB (ng/g) 325.75 (42.04) 20.00 (0.00) 80.00 (NA) 32.50 (4.33) Jan-1985 (20) Jun-1991 (10) Aug-1994 (10) Oct-1999 (8) Sep-2003 (7)


Upper / Walleye

PCB (ng/g) 191.00 (54.88) 36.00 (7.48) 60.00 () 60.14 (14.32) NM


64

DATA APPENDIX 6. COMPARATIVE WILDLIFE CONTAMINANT TISSUE BURDENS Table 1. A comparison of the mean contaminant concentrations (ng/g, standard deviation) in eggs of snapping turtles and terns, and livers of mink collected from the vicinity of Walpole Island First Nations territory, reference sites, and other areas of concern (1992-2002).

Study Site Year N PCBs* HCB OCS Dieldrin

Mirex

p,p’-DDE

Non-Ortho PCBs

Dioxins Furans Hg

Reference

Snapping turtle eggs Walpole 1992 5 191 NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM CWS database Walpole 1995 3 263 NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM NM CWS database Walpole 1999 10 240 (270) 1.1(0.10) 1.5 (.002) 15 (39) 1.0 (1.8) 8.8 (5.1) 0.12 0.0024 0.0012 110 Ashpole et al., 2004 Mitchell Bay 1984 2 1,400 130 NM 20 10 180 NM NM NM NM Struger et al., 1993 St. Clair NWA 1984 2 660 5 NM 10 NM 50 NM NM NM NM Struger et al., 1993 St. Clair NWA 2001 6 74.2 (90.1) 0.66 (0.67) 0.39 (0.36) 1.16 (0.83) 0.24 (8.6) 5.93 (1.6) NM NM NM NM De Solla and

Fernie, 2004 Hamilton Harbour AOC

1999 9 1900(810) 0.83 (0.25) 3.3 (0.25) 4.2 (1.1) 27 (14) 69 (19) 0.51 0.0078 0.0052 50 Ashpole et al.

St. Lawrence River AOC

1999 5 5200 (2400) 1.3 (1.2) 6.9 (0.6) 7.5 (3.4) 75 (45) 51 (29) 3.4 (1.4) 0.027 (0.009)

0.006 (0.00006)

720 Ashpole et al.

Tiny Marsh 2001 9 41.1 (27.3) 0.25 (0.18) ND .59 (0.28) 2.08 (2.91) 4.92 (198) 0.12 0.0022 0.0007 Mink Walpole 2002 10 82 (20) NM 2.3 (0.7) 3.4 (1.0) 0.4 (0.01) 12.1 0.353 0.096 0.010 2200 (320) Martin et al. 2004 Inland (reference)

1999 4 84 (20.2) NM ND ND ND 7 (5.8) NM NM NM 193 (520)

Lake Erie (west basin)

2002 16 1,692 (557) NM 3.4 (1.2) 42.3 (10.9) 1.2 (0.16) 48.4 (80.8) 4.553 0.1948 0.0318 350.6 (260)

Black terns Walpole 1999 6-10 1861 11 5 33 1 176 0.787 0.0200 0.0070 530 Weseloh (unpubl.) Tiny Marsh 1999 6-10 226 1 0.05 (ND) 4 2 82 0.253 0.0069 0.0024 670 Forster’s terns Walpole 1986 NA NM 44 NM 133 37 1470 NM NM NM NM Walpole 1992 NA 4531 20.6 45.7 63.9 22.5 1067.2 NM NM NM NM Walpole 1999 6-10 4404 7 33 16 14 621 1.008 0.0200 0.0020 2570 Lake Simcoe 1999 6-10 2407 4 0.5 (TR) 11 6 818 0.669 0.0137 0.0023 2210 Sum PCBs and pesticides, dioxins, furans and non-ortho PCBs ng/g wet weight. Total mercury (Hg) ng/g dry weight. NM, not measured; ND, not detected; NA, not available; N, number of samples; TR, trace Walpole = Walpole Island First Nation Territory; St. Clair NWA = National Wildlife Area; St. Lawrence River AOC = south shore at Raquette River Concentrations of non-ortho PCBs, dioxins and furans in pooled livers of mink are reported with associated TEQs (ng/g wet weight) Mean contaminant concentrations without associated standard deviations represent pooled values

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