The Secret of Delicious Gelatodownload.spicus.com/tpe/course_2473/textbook/2473... · 2015-12-16 · The Secret of Delicious Gelato Today’s Article Italian ice cream is called ‘gelato’

The Secret of Delicious Gelato

Today’s Article Italian ice cream is called ‘gelato’ and it is a famous dessert of Italy. Gelato is not like traditional ice cream as it is creamier and contains less fat because there is no air inside.

People from different countries are lining up to take courses in gelatomaking at a specific university in Italy that specializes in the business and craft of gelato-making. Established in 2003, the university holds seven thousand students, with the majority of them being from different countries. Classes at this institute run for one to four weeks.

In class, students combine a variety of ingredients to create the dessert, ranging from nuts, fruits, chocolate and the main ones like eggs, sugar and milk. After this basic step, that mixture is then put in a machine, blended and cooled. The secret to great gelato is creating small sizes with only the finest ingredients for freshness, said the instructors.

Most students have different motivations for going to Italy and taking these courses. One popular reason is the fact that gelato is a profitable business. Gelato shops have been opened worldwide by the university’s graduates.

UNIT

01

‘젤라토’ 라고 부르는 이탈리아 아이스크림은 이탈리아에서 유명한 디저트입니다. 젤

라토는 안에 공기가 없기서 더 크림 같고 지방도 적게 들어있기 때문에 전통적인 아이

스크림과는 다릅니다.

세계 여러 나라의 사람들이 이탈리아의 한 특성화 대학에서 젤라토를 만드는 과정을

수강하기 위해 줄을 서고 있습니다. 이 대학은 젤라토를 만드는 사업과 기술을 전문적

으로 다룹니다. 2003년에 설립된 이 대학은 세계 각지에서 온 7,000명의 학생들이 공

부하고 있습니다. 이 대학의 수업은 짧게는 1주에서 길게는 4주까지 운영됩니다.

수업에서 학생들은 디저트를 만들기 위해 달걀, 설탕 그리고 우유와 같은 주재료에 견

과류, 과일 및 초콜릿과 같은 다양한 재료들을 넣습니다. 이런 기본 단계가 끝나면, 함

께 첨가된 재료들을 기계에 넣어 섞고 차갑게 식힙니다. 훌륭한 젤라토를 만드는 비결

은 신선함을 위해 최상의 재료만을 넣어 소량만 만드는 것이라고 교사들은 말합니다.

많은 학생들이 저마다의 동기를 갖고 이탈리아까지 찾아와 이 강좌를 수강합니다. 한

가지 분명한 이유는 젤라토가 돈이 벌리는 사업이라는 사실입니다. 이 대학을 졸업한

학생들이 문을 연 가게들이 전 세계에 있습니다. 중국에서 온 한 학생은 중국 요리와

문화에 젤라토를 도입하고 싶다고 말합니다. 브라질에서 온 다른 학생 역시 직업을 바

꾸고 젤라토 사업에서 큰 성공을 거두고 싶었다고 말했습니다.

이 대학은 현재 “세계 최고의 젤라토 장인”을 뽑기 위한 월드 젤라토 투어를 대회를

조직하고 있습니다.

One student from China said he wants to bring gelato to the Chinese cuisine and culture. A student from Brazil also stated that he wanted a career change and found prosperity in the gelato-making business.

The school is currently organizing a World Gelato Tour competition to be crowned the “World’s Best Gelato Artisan.”

1.

2.

What’s the difference between gelato and traditional ice cream?

Have you ever taken a course to learn a special skill?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

On big sales, there are loads of people lined up outside of stores.

Do you eat ice cream with a spoon or on a cone?

Why do some people want to take gelato making courses in Italy?

line up 줄을 서다

Study with your Teacher

Intermediate • Unit 01 • The Secret of Delicious Gelato

1.

2.

Discussion

Comprehension Questions

003

Have you tried gelato before? If you have, how was it? 3.

1.

2.

Gelato is not like traditional ice cream as it is creamier and contains less fat because there is no air inside.

Read the sentences carefully and find the appropriate definitions that the underlined words were used in the context. Vocabulary

in Context

Self Study


a To move or go quickly or hurriedly b To be valid or in effect, as in a given area c To be in operation; function or work d To be presented or performed

a An inherited, established, or customary pattern of thought, action, or behavior b The handing down of information, beliefs, and customs by word of mouth c Cultural continuity in social attitudes, customs, and institutions d Characteristic manner, method, or style

Classes at this institute run for one to four weeks.

Answers 1. d 2. d

Further Questions

1. Do you enjoy eating ice-cream?

Think about the following questions and write down your thoughts below.

Are desserts very popular in Korea? 2.

004

Practice reading the article. Read the text aloud, and pause when you see a slash(/).

Italian ice cream is called ‘gelato’ / and it is a famous dessert of Italy. // Gelato is not like traditional ice cream / as it is creamier / and contains less fat / because there is no air inside. // People from different countries / are lining up to take courses in gelatomaking / at a specific university in Italy / that specializes in the business and craft of gelato-making. // Established in 2003, / the university holds seven thousand students, / with the majority of them being from different countries. // Classes at this institute / run for one to four weeks. // In class, / students combine a variety of ingredients to create the dessert, / ranging from nuts, / fruits, / chocolate / and the main ones like eggs, / sugar / and milk. // After this basic step, / that mixture is then put in a machine, / blended and cooled. // The secret to great gelato / is creating small sizes / with only the finest ingredients for freshness, / said the instructors. // Most students have different motivations / for going to Italy and taking these courses. // One popular reason is the fact that gelato is a profitable business. // Gelato shops have been opened worldwide / by the university’s graduates. // One student from China said / he wants to bring gelato / to the Chinese cuisine and culture. // A student from Brazil also stated / that he wanted a career change / and found prosperity in the gelato-making business. // The school is currently organizing a World Gelato Tour competition / to be crowned the “World’s Best Gelato Artisan.” //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study


Vocabulary & Expressions

specialize in

established

majority

combine

range from A to B

blend

motivation

profitable business

~을 전문으로 하다

설립된

대부분, 대다수

합치다, 결합하다

A에서 B에 이르는

섞다, 혼합하다

동기

수익성이 높은 사업

Memo

006

Changes Caused by Climate Change

Today’s Article An ecologist is a scientist that studies the interaction between creatures, their natural habitats and the environment as a whole. Recently, there has been a report released by university ecologists that has created a buzz in the science world.

It deals with insects and global warming. The report has stated that in Central Europe, the average temperature has increased by 1.5 degrees Celsius. Nearly fifty species of insects like moths and butterflies have altered their procreative habits during this time. The difference in temperature may seem insignificant, but it has created changes. Because the temperature has increased, the season to mate has started early and insects have more time to procreate. This causes the natural process of things to occur earlier and faster nowadays.

Insects, just as much as humans, are feeling the effects of climate change. The evolution of butterflies and moths has altered over the course of years and will not stop. The ecologists’ report concluded that the winged insects are now more adjusted and responsive to the changes in their habitats. They think that the future generations of butterflies will speed up the evolution process to help them get through even better against climate change.

UNIT

02

생태학자란 생명체와 그들의 서식지 그리고 환경 사이의 상호 작용을 전반적으로 연

구하는 과학자를 말합니다. 대학에서 연구하는 생태학자들이 최근 발표한 한 논문이

과학계를 떠들썩하게 하고 있습니다.

이 논문은 곤충과 지구 온난화를 다루고 있습니다. 이 논문은 중앙 유럽 지역의 평균

기온이 1.5도 상승했다고 밝혔습니다. 나방과 나비와 같은 약 50여 종의 곤충들이 기

온이 상승하는 동안 생식 습관을 바꿨다고 합니다. 대수롭지 않아 보일 수 있지만 기

온 변화는 여러 변화를 일으킵니다. 온도가 상승했기 때문에 곤충들의 짝짓기 시즌이

앞당겨졌고 번식 기간이 더 늘어났습니다. 이 때문에 요즘 생물의 자연 과정이 더 일

찍 그리고 더 빨리 일어납니다.

사람과 마찬가지로 곤충도 기후변화의 영향을 받습니다. 수년 동안 나비와 나방의 진

화도 달라졌으며 이 변화는 멈추지 않을 것입니다. 생태학자들의 논문에 따르면 날개

가 달린 곤충들이 서식지의 환경 변화에 더 잘 적응하고 빠르게 반응한다고 합니다.

생태학자들은 다음 세대 나비들은 기후 변화에 더 잘 적응할 수 있게 하도록 진화 과

정의 속도를 높일 것이라고 생각합니다. 또한, 지구 온난화의 영향을 인식하기 위한

연구에 과학자들이 더 많이 참여하고 집중해야 한다고 제안했습니다.

곤충 개체 수의 패턴과 기후 변화의 결과를 연구하면 미래 동물들이 겪게 될 가능한

문제들을 막는 데 도움이 될 것입니다.

The ecologists also suggested that more scientists pay attention and get involved in studies to recognize the effects of global warming.

By studying the patterns of insect populations and the outcomes of the climate change, it would help to stop the possible problems for future animal species.

1.

2.

Who is an ecologist?

Do you think global warming is a natural process?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

He lost weight over the course of four months.

What changes do you think humans will experience from global warming?

What has caused the natural process of things to occur earlier and faster?

over the course of ~동안


Intermediate • Unit 02 • Changes Caused by Climate Change

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Is Korea also facing any changes from climate change? 3.

1.

2.

Recently, there has been a report released by university ecologists that has created a buzz in the science world.


in Context

Self Study


a To know to be something that has been perceived before b To know or identify from past experience or knowledge c To perceive or show acceptance of the validity or reality of d To show awareness of; approve of or appreciate

a To free (someone) from obligation or duty b To free (something) from (one's grip); let go or fall c To issue (a record, film, book, etc) for sale or circulation d To make (news or information) known or allow (news or information) to be made known

The ecologists also suggested that more scientists pay attention and get involved in studies to recognize the effects of global warming.

Answers 1. d 2. d

Further Questions

1. Has a butterfly ever landed on you?


Are you afraid of bugs? 2.

004


An ecologist is a scientist / that studies the interaction between creatures, / their natural habitats / and the environment as a whole. // Recently, / there has been a report released by university ecologists / that has created a buzz in the science world. // It deals with insects / and global warming. // The report has stated / that in Central Europe, / the average temperature has increased by 1.5 degrees Celsius. // Nearly fifty species of insects / like moths and butterflies / have altered their procreative habits / during this time. // The difference in temperature may seem insignificant, / but it has created changes. // Because the temperature has increased, / the season to mate has started early / and insects have more time to procreate. // This causes the natural process of things / to occur earlier and faster nowadays. // Insects, / just as much as humans, / are feeling the effects of climate change. // The evolution of butterflies and moths / has altered over the course of years / and will not stop. // The ecologists’ report concluded / that the winged insects are now more adjusted and responsive / to the changes in their habitats. // They think that the future generations of butterflies / will speed up the evolution process / to help them get through even better against climate change. // The ecologists also suggested / that more scientists pay attention and get involved in studies / to recognize the effects of global warming. // By studying the patterns of insect populations / and the outcomes of the climate change, / it would help to stop the possible problems / for future animal species. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



ecologist

interaction

natural habitat

create a buzz

procreative

responsive to

population

global warming

생태학자

상호작용

자연 서식지

이슈가 되다

생식력이 있는

~에 빠른 반응을 보이는

개체군(수)

지구 온난화

Memo

006

Does Fast Food Make You Impulsive?

Today’s Article Eating plays an important role in our lives. However, eating healthy foods that help the body and mind function properly is even more vital. That’s why it will always be a good thing to eat healthily.

It has been suggested by doctors that the speed of eating is important. So, in that sense, consuming fast food too frequently can have a bad effect on our health because it’s not very healthy. Then, is indulging in fast food a bad thing for our general actions?

Some researchers urge that fast food makes us too hasty. They monitored the behavior of 57 volunteers to find out if fast food had a negative influence and the results proved them right. It was found that eating that kind of food can make us hurry unnecessarily and drive us to opt for instant satisfaction.

When exposed to the logos of McDonalds and KFC, people were more likely to not save money and be impatient. In the study, after repeatedly seeing the logos on the screen, the volunteers were given the option to receive a small amount of money immediately or a lot of money at the end of the week.

UNIT

03

음식을 먹는 것은 삶에 중요한 역할을 합니다. 하지만 몸과 마음이 적절히 기능하도록

도와주는 건강한 음식을 먹는 것은 훨씬 더 중요합니다. 따라서 건강하게 먹는 것이

항상 바른 것이라고 할 수 있습니다.

의사들을 음식을 먹는 속도가 중요하다고 주장해 왔습니다. 그런 점에서 봤을 때, 건

강에 매우 좋지 않은 음식이기 때문에 패스트푸드를 자주 먹는 것 또한 건강에 해로울

수 있습니다. 그렇다면 패스트푸드에 빠져있는 것 역시 우리의 일반적인 행동에도 나

쁜 영향을 주지 않을까요?

일부 연구원들은 패스트푸드가 우리를 지나치게 서두르게 한다고 주장합니다. 연구

원들은 패스트푸드가 좋지 않은 영향을 주는지를 확인하기 위해 57명의 지원자를 대

상으로 행동을 관찰하였으며 주장이 옳았음을 입증했습니다. 패스트푸드와 같은 음

식을 먹는 것은 사람들을 불필요하게 서두르게 하고 순간적인 만족만을 선택하도록

자극한다는 사실을 알아냈습니다.

맥도날드나 KFC 같은 상표에 노출되면 사람들을 돈을 아끼지 않고 참을성이 없어지

는 성향을 더 보였습니다. 위 연구에서 패스트푸드점의 상표를 반복적으로 본 후 지원

자들은 소액의 돈을 지금 즉시 받을지 또는 많은 돈을 주말에 받을지 선택할 것을 요

구받았습니다. 물론 대부분 지원자가 순간의 만족감을 위해 소액의 돈을 즉시 받는 것

을 선택했습니다.

한 연구원에 따르면 패스트푸드 문화는 시간 절약과 순간의 만족이 핵심이기 때문에

패스트푸드를 먹는 사람들도 참을성이 없고 충동적인 성향을 보이는 경향이 있다고

말합니다.

And of course, most people opted for the instant gratification of a small amount of money instantly.

One researcher said that the fast food culture is all about saving time and instant satisfaction, which is why fast food eaters tend to have impatient and impulsive behavior.

1.

2.

Why can consuming fast food too frequently have a bad effect on our health?

Do you agree that fast food can influence our behavior?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

Meditating is all about being one with yourself.

Do you agree what we eat affects how we act or think?

How do people become impatient when exposed to the logos of McDonalds and KFC?

be all about ~이 핵심이다


Intermediate • Unit 03 • Does Fast Food Make You Impulsive?

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Are you an impatient person? 3.

1.

2.

It has been suggested by doctors that the speed of eating is important.


in Context

Self Study


a To push, propel, or press onward forcibly; urge forward b To repulse or put to flight by force or influence c To guide, control, or direct (a vehicle) d To supply the motive force or power to and cause to function

a To offer for consideration or action; propose b To express or say indirectly c To make evident indirectly; intimate or imply d To bring or call to mind by logic or association; evoke

It was found that eating that kind of food can make us hurry unnecessarily and drive us to opt for instant satisfaction.

Answers 1. b 2. a

Further Questions

1. Do you enjoy eating fast food?


How many times a day do you have a home-cooked meal? 2.

004


Eating plays an important role in our lives. // However, / eating healthy foods / that help the body and mind function properly / is even more vital. // That’s why / it will always be a good thing / to eat healthily. // It has been suggested by doctors / that the speed of eating is important. // So, / in that sense, / consuming fast food too frequently / can have a bad effect on our health / because it’s not very healthy. // Then, / is indulging in fast food a bad thing for our general actions? // Some researchers urge / that fast food makes us too hasty. // They monitored the behavior of 57 volunteers / to find out if fast food had a negative influence / and the results proved them right. // It was found that eating that kind of food / can make us hurry unnecessarily / and drive us to opt for instant satisfaction. // When exposed to the logos of McDonalds and KFC, / people were more likely to not save money / and be impatient. // In the study, / after repeatedly seeing the logos on the screen, / the volunteers were given the option / to receive a small amount of money immediately / or a lot of money / at the end of the week. // And of course, / most people opted for the instant gratification / of a small amount of money instantly. // One researcher said / that the fast food culture / is all about saving time and instant satisfaction, / which is why fast food eaters / tend to have impatient and impulsive behavior. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



play an important role

consume

indulge in

drive someone to

opt for

instant satisfaction

exposed to

gratification

중요한 역할을 하다

먹다(마시다), 소비하다

~을 탐닉하다, 마음껏 먹다

(어떤 상태에) 이르게 하다

~을 선택하다

순간적인 만족감

~에 노출되다

만족, 희열

Memo

006

Sing to Improve Your Foreign Language Speaking Ability

Today’s Article Speaking English in front of foreigners can make anyone blush or embarrassed. Even if you studied the language for a long time, you can still be speechless if you run into people from another country.

Recently, researchers have discovered that people who learned to speak a different language through singing songs were better speakers. The researchers believe that the speaking ability is improved by listening to the words sung and singing the words back. The lead researcher stated that during the study, singing was really useful, especially with oral language tests.

For this study, Hungarian learners were being tested. Participants were asked to listen and repeat words. After the tape, some of them repeated the words in rhythm and the others sang them. Once fifteen minutes had passed, they evaluated the participants to see how successfully they learned the vocabulary. It turned out that those who learned the language through singing marked highest on the test. They could even recall the vocabulary words for a longer time than the others.

So, if you are trying to master English, start singing songs in the language. How about going to a karaoke to find a fun song to rock out to?

UNIT

04

외국인 앞에서 영어로 말을 하면 누구든지 얼굴이 붉어지거나 곤란함을 느낄 수 있

습니다. 비록 영어를 오랫동안 공부했지만 다른 나라에서 온 사람들과 우연히 마주

하게 되면 여전히 말문이 막힐 수 있습니다.

최근에 연구원들은 노래 부르기를 통해 다른 언어를 말하는 것을 학습한 사람들은

말을 더 잘한다는 사실을 알아냈습니다. 연구원들은 노래로 불리는 단어들을 듣고

해당 단어를 다시 따라 부르면 말하기 능력이 향상된다고 믿습니다. 선임 연구원은

연구를 진행하는 동안 특히 말하기 테스트 부분에서 노래 부르기는 매우 유용했다

고 말했습니다.

이 연구를 하기 위해 헝가리인 학습자들을 테스트했습니다. 테스트 참가자들에게

단어를 듣고 따라 해 달라고 요청했습니다. 테이프를 틀어준 뒤 일부 참가자들은 리

듬에 맞춰 단어를 반복했으며 다른 참가자들은 단어로 노래를 불렀습니다. 일단 15

분이 지난 뒤에 참가자들이 얼마나 성공적으로 단어를 학습했는지 보기 위한 평가

를 했습니다. 평가 결과 노래를 통해 언어를 학습한 참가자들의 점수가 가장 높은 것

으로 나타났습니다. 심지어 노래로 학습한 참가자들은 다른 참가자들보다 오랜 시

간 동안 단어를 기억했습니다.

그럼, 여러분이 현재 영어를 마스터하려 노력하고 있다면 영어로 노래 부르기를 시

작하세요. 노래방에 가서 신 나게 부를 수 있는 영어 노래를 찾아보는 것은 어떨까요?

1.

2.

What have researchers discovered on language learning?

Have you ever felt embarrassed when speaking with a foreigner in English?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

My friends love rocking out to the new PSY song.

Do you agree that singing in a foreign language can improve speaking skills?

How could researchers prove what they discovered?

rock out 몸을 흔드는 등 음악에 취하다


Intermediate • Unit 04 • Sing to Improve Your Foreign Language Speaking Ability

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that singing can help memorize vocabulary? 3.

1.

2.

Participants were asked to listen and repeat words.


in Context

Self Study


a To make a visible trace or impression on, as with a spot, line, or dent b To set off or separate by or as if by a line or boundary c To attach or affix identification d To evaluate (academic work) according to a scale of letters or numbers; grade

a To say again b To utter in duplication of another's utterance c To recite from memory d To do, experience, or produce again

It turned out that those who learned the language through singing marked highest on the test.

Answers 1. b 2. d

Further Questions

1. How often do you listen to foreign music?


Which do you prefer: singing in the shower or at karaoke? 2.

004


Speaking English in front of foreigners / can make anyone blush / or embarrassed. // Even if you studied the language for a long time, / you can still be speechless / if you run into people from another country. // Recently, / researchers have discovered / that people who learned to speak a different language through singing songs / were better speakers. // The researchers believe / that the speaking ability is improved / by listening to the words sung / and singing the words back. // The lead researcher stated / that during the study, / singing was really useful, / especially with oral language tests. // For this study, / Hungarian learners were being tested. Participants were asked to listen / and repeat words. // After the tape, / some of them repeated the words in rhythm / and the others sang them. // Once fifteen minutes had passed, / they evaluated the participants / to see how successfully they learned the vocabulary. // It turned out / that those who learned the language through singing / marked highest on the test. // They could even recall the vocabulary words / for a longer time than the others. // So, / if you are trying to master English, / start singing songs in the language. // How about going to a karaoke / to find a fun song to rock out to? //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



blush

speechless

run into

oral language test

evaluate

recall

lead researcher

turn out

얼굴이 붉어지다, 부끄럼을 타다

말을 못하는

우연히 만나다

말하기 시험

평가하다

기억하다

선임 연구원

~인 것으로 드러나다

Memo

006

Who Pays for Your Date?

Today’s Article Here is a typical norm which has been deeply embedded in our society. South Korean society was and has always been dominated by the male sex. As a rule for dating or going out in public, a man should always pay. Many have had difficulty in explaining the origin of this norm. To be realistic, most men view the idea as an act of chivalry and feel embarrassed if they don’t pay. Various viewpoints have even started to arise about the topic.

So, who should be the one to pull out the wallet on dates? Since society has progressed in balancing the gender scales, many men are apprehensive about not having enough money. Social experts say young men are feeling the pressure when it comes to dating since money and financial status have turned into an influential factor. A normal assumption is that only a rich man has the luxury of satisfying the needs of a pretty and established woman.

Yet, women are becoming more receptive to pay for the dinner dates and such. Since women are able to work and earn income, to depend on men financially during a date has been unnecessary In all fairness, as some comedians/singers joke about the social norm, they often exaggerate to evoke humor. Yet, there is still some truth to their acts. As half of the labor population is women, paying to love someone seems unreasonable, doesn’t it?.

UNIT

05

여기 우리 사회에 깊숙이 내재한 일반적인 규범이 있습니다. 한국은 남성 중심의 사회

였으며 여전히 그런 사회 모습이 남아있습니다. 일반적으로 데이트를 하거나 외출을

하는 경우 항상 남성들이 돈을 내야 합니다. 이런 규범이 언제부터 시작되었는지는 설

명할 수 없습니다. 현실적으로 대부분 남성들이 이런 규범을 기사도 정신에서 나오는

행동으로 생각하고 있으며 만일 데이트 비용을 내지 못하는 경우 난처해 하곤 합니다.

그동안 여러 관점에서 이 문제를 제기하기 시작했습니다.

그렇다면, 누가 데이트 비용을 내야 할까요? 사회가 남녀 성비에 있어 균형을 맞추는

쪽으로 발전하면서 많은 남성들이 돈이 부족한 것에 대한 불안함을 느끼고 있습니다.

데이트 비용에 대해 말을 하자면 사회 전문가들은 돈과 재정 상태가 결정적인 요소가

되었기 때문에 젊은 남성들이 심리적 압박을 느낀다고 말합니다. 단순하게 부유한 남

성만이 예쁘고 유명한 여성과 만나는 호사를 누릴 수 있다고 가정을 할 수 있습니다.

하지만 여성들도 점점 저녁 식사와 같은 데이트 비용을 낼 준비가 되어 있습니다. 여

성들도 일을 하고 돈을 벌기 때문에 데이트를 하는 동안 남성들에게 재정적으로 의지

할 필요가 없어졌습니다.

엄밀히 말하면 코미디언이나 가수들이 사회적 규범에 대하여 농담처럼 이야기할 때,

웃음을 유발하기 위해 종종 과장하곤 합니다. 그러나 이들의 행동에는 몇몇 사실이 있

습니다. 전체 노동 인구의 절반이 여성이기 때문에 누군가를 사랑하기 위해 돈을 내는

것이 불합리해 보일 수 있습니다. 그렇지 않을까요? 일부 여성들이 파트너가 돈을 내

기를 원하지 않는다는 말도 아닙니다. 그리고 데이트 비용을 정확하게 반으로 나눠 각

자가 내는 것도 이상할 수 있습니다. 이런 농담이나 과장은 전통이 지배적이고 지갑을

꺼내 돈을 내는 것이 남성의 의무인 때를 말하는 것입니다.

This isn’t to say that some women don’t want their partner to pick up the tab; it can be awkward for a person on a date to split the check right down the middle. This is when tradition rules and it’s a man’s responsibility to pull out the wallet.

1.

2.

Why have some men in Korea pulled out their wallet on dates so far?

Do you think the bill should be split on a date?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

For the first time in three years, they actually had the luxury of a

whole day together.

Do you agree that diverse views are growing on the subject?

What makes woman become more receptive to pay for the dinner dates?

have the luxury of ~하는 호사를 누리다


Intermediate • Unit 05 • Who Pays for Your Date?

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that things on date are changing in society? 3.

1.

2.

A normal assumption is that only a rich man has the luxury of satisfying the needs of a pretty and established woman.


in Context

Self Study


a To give rise to; draw forth; produce b To call to mind, as by suggestion, association, or reference c To create a new, especially by means of the imagination d To summon by magical or supernatural power; conjure

a A material object, service, etc., conducive to physical comfort or sumptuous living, but usually not a necessity of life. b Free indulgence in the comforts and pleasures afforded by such things c A condition of abundance or great ease and comfort d A pleasure out of the ordinary allowed to oneself

In all fairness, as some comedians/singers joke about the social norm, they often exaggerate to evoke humor.

Answers 1. c 2. a

Further Questions

1. Do/Did you enjoy going on dinner dates?


Who usually pays for the things you and your date eat and do together?

2.

004


Here is a typical norm / which has been deeply embedded / in our society. // South Korean society was / and has always been dominated / by the male sex. // As a rule for dating or going out in public, / a man should always pay. // Many have had difficulty in explaining / the origin of this norm. // To be realistic, / most men view the idea as an act of chivalry / and feel embarrassed / if they don’t pay. // Various viewpoints have even started to arise / about the topic. // So, / who should be the one / to pull out the wallet on dates? // Since society has progressed / in balancing the gender scales, / many men are apprehensive / about not having enough money. // Social experts say young men are feeling the pressure / when it comes to dating / since money and financial status / have turned into an influential factor. // A normal assumption is / that only a rich man has the luxury of / satisfying the needs of a pretty and established woman. // Yet, women are becoming more receptive to pay for the dinner dates and such. // Since women are able to work and earn income, to depend on men financially during a date has been unnecessary. // In all fairness, / as some comedians/singers joke about the social norm, / they often exaggerate to evoke humor. // Yet, / there is still some truth to their acts. // As half of the labor population is women, / paying to love someone seems unreasonable, / doesn’t it? // This isn’t to say / that some women don’t want their partner to pick up the tab; / it can be awkward for a person on a date / to split the check right down the middle. // This is when tradition rules / and it’s a man’s responsibility to pull out the wallet. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



be dominated by

realistic

chivalry

apprehensive

financial status

influential

be receptive to

social norm

~가 장악하다, 지배하다

현실적인

기사도 정신

염려하는, 불안한

재정상태

영향력 있는

~에 대해 이해력이 있는, 수용하는

사회적 규범

Memo

006

Let’s Globalize Our Pride, Hanyak!

Today’s Article Acupuncture has been in Korea as part of the culture just as much as Taekwondo or other pieces of culture native to the country. The western world has become more aware and accepting of oriental medicine. In-depth international studies on the effectiveness of acupuncture have even been conducted. Although the results have been positive, they still only think of it as Chinese medicine. So, how can we familiarize Korean traditional medicine to the West?

It might be expected that a country from the Far East will market herbal products where oriental medicine has already been introduced. However, the thought of presenting “hanyak” (Korean herbal medicine) is difficult.

Firstly, it has traces of metallic and polluting elements, which others consider unsafe. The world must know that herbs in traditional medicine are clean, safe and effective. When the product’s quality is promoted as safe, then comes the consumer’s trust.

Secondly, “hanyak” has hardly been introduced through any global medicine summits. Doctors from all around the world are seldom invited to Korea and medical clinics that practice traditional medicine are very few.

UNIT

06

침은 태권도나 다른 한국의 고유문화처럼 한국 문화의 일부입니다. 지금 서양 세계에

서는 동양 의학에 대한 인식과 수용이 점점 늘어나고 있습니다. 침의 효과에 대한 세

계적 수준의 심도 있는 연구가 진행되고 있습니다. 비록 연구 결과가 긍정적으로 나오

고 있지만, 침은 여전히 중국 의학으로 인식되고 있습니다. 그렇다면 어떻게 한국 전

통 의학이 서양 사람들에게 친숙하게 다가갈 수 있을까요?

극동 지역의 한 나라가 한방 제품들을 이미 동양 의학이 도입된 지역에 내놓을 것이라

고 예상할 수 있겠습니다. 하지만 “한약”(한국의 약초로 만든 약)을 선보이겠다는 생

각은 쉽지 않습니다.

먼저 한약에는 다른 사람들이 안전하지 않다고 생각하는 금속이 함유된 오염물질들

이 들어있습니다. 한약에 들어가는 약초는 깨끗하고 안전하며 효과적이라는 것을 세

계에 알려야 합니다. 한약의 품질 안전성이 알려졌을 때, 소비자가 신뢰할 수 있습니다.

“한약”은 세계 의학 총회에서 거의 소개된 것이 없습니다. 세계 여러 나라의 의사들이

한국에 초대를 받은 적도 거의 없으며 한의학 전문 병원의 수도 매우 적습니다. 소비

자의 신뢰를 쌓는 일에 집중하고 서양 사람들과 의사들이 한약에 친숙해지도록 하는

것이 무엇보다 중요합니다. 한의학계를 지원하여 “한약”의 장점을 널리 알리는 정부

차원의 노력도 좋은 방법입니다. 제약회사와 민간 농장이 함께 돕는다면 이 미개척 시

장을 한국이 주도하게 될 것입니다.

A greater focus of creating a consumer’s loyalty and familiarizing the West and its’ doctors with “hanyak” are important. The government would be a good place to support the medical field in order to endorse the benefits of “hanyak”. With the help of pharmaceutical companies and private farms, this untapped market will be within Korea’s grasp.

1.

2.

Why should we make efforts to familiarize Korean traditional medicine to the West?

What benefits do you think oriental medicine only have?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

With the help of my friends, I will be able to move into a new

house.

Do you agree that “hanyak” should be introduced to the West?

Why do some people in the West think herbal medicine is unsafe?

with the help of ~의 도움으로


Intermediate • Unit 06 • Let’s Globalize Our Pride, Hanyak!

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that herbal medicines are unsanitary? 3.

1.

2.

Acupuncture has been in Korea as part of the culture just

as much as Taekwondo or other pieces of culture native

to the country.

Read the sentences carefully and find the appropriate definitions that

the underlined words were used in the context. Vocabulary

in Context

Self Study


a To help or encourage to exist or flourish

b To contribute to the progress or growth of

c To urge the adoption of; advocate

d To attempt to sell or popularize by advertising or publicity

a Being such by birth or origin

b Originating, growing, or produced in a certain place or region

c Occurring in nature pure or uncombined with other substances

d Existing in or belonging to one by nature; innate

When the product’s quality is promoted as safe, then

comes the consumer’s trust.

Answers 1. b 2. d

Further Questions

1. Have you ever tried acupuncture?


Do you like traditional medicines? 2.

004


Acupuncture has been in Korea as part of the culture / just as much as Taekwondo / or other pieces of culture / native to the country. // The western world has become more aware and accepting / of oriental medicine. // In-depth international studies on the effectiveness of acupuncture / have even been conducted. // Although the results have been positive, / they still only think of it as Chinese medicine. // So, / how can we familiarize Korean traditional medicine to the West? // It might be expected / that a country from the Far East / will market herbal products / where oriental medicine has already been introduced. // However, / the thought of presenting “hanyak” (Korean herbal medicine) / is difficult. // Firstly, / it has traces of metallic and polluting elements, / which others consider unsafe. // The world must know / that herbs in traditional medicine are clean, / safe / and effective. // When the product’s quality is promoted as safe, / then comes the consumer’s trust. // Secondly, / “hanyak” has hardly been introduced / through any global medicine summits. // Doctors from all around the world / are seldom invited to Korea / and medical clinics that practice traditional medicine / are very few. // A greater focus of creating a consumer’s loyalty / and familiarizing the West and its’ doctors with “hanyak” / are important. // The government would be a good place to support the medical field / in order to endorse the benefits of “hanyak”. // With the help of pharmaceutical companies and private farms, / this untapped market will be within Korea’s grasp. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



acupuncture

native to

oriental medicine

familiarize

promote

summit

consumer’s loyalty

endorse

침술

~에 고유한

한의학

일반화하다, 널리 퍼뜨리다

홍보하다

수뇌 회담, 정상 회담

소비자 충성도

보증하다

Memo

006

A Growing Environmental Concern: Clean Water

Today’s Article The decrease in safe drinking water has been a major global problem. No more than one percent of freshwater sources on Earth are hardly a useful and pure supply to humans and ecosystems. Freshwater sources are growing smaller and what is left available is constantly being polluted by human activity. To make matters worse, contaminants added to global water reserves through agricultural farms and industries further aggravate the situation. For instance, dirt or ground pollution from construction and farms with livestock and crops can block public water structures, which kill life underwater and make the water extremely murky.

When developed countries take for granted the availability of clean water for household activities, underdeveloped countries still lack such benefits and suffer. Believe it or not, roughly one-fifth of the world’s population lacks access to improved water sources.

It is commonly believed that fundamental sources of water contamination come from industrial, agricultural and mining operations. However, individuals are still responsible for water pollution to a large extent.

UNIT

07

안전하게 마실 수 있는 물이 줄어드는 것은 전 세계적인 문제입니다. 지구 상에서 인

간과 생태계에 깨끗한 물을 공급해줄 수 있는 담수원은 단지 1% 정도에 지나지 않

습니다. 담수원의 규모는 점점 줄어들고 있으며 남아있는 사용 가능한 담수원도 인

간 활동으로 점점 오염되고 있습니다. 설상가상으로 농업이나 공업 활동을 통해 전

세계 담수원으로 흘러들어 가는 오염물질은 상황을 악화시킵니다. 예를 들어, 건설

현장이나 가축과 곡물을 키우는 농장에서 발생하는 토양 오염은 공공 용수 구조물

을 막아 결국 수중 생물을 죽게 하고 물이 매우 탁해지게 만듭니다.

개발국가에서는 가정 활동에 깨끗한 물을 사용하는 것을 당연하게 생각하지만, 저

개발 국가는 여전히 이런 혜택을 누리지 못하고 고통받고 있습니다. 믿기 힘들겠지

만 대략 전 세계 인구의 5분의 1에 해당하는 사람들이 개선된 수자원에 접근할 수 없

습니다.

수질 오염의 근본적인 원인은 산업, 농업 그리고 광업 활동 때문이라고 일반적으로

믿고 있습니다. 하지만 일반 개인 또한 수질 오염에 상당한 책임이 있습니다. 우리는

살충제 사용량을 줄이고 인산염이 적게 들어있는 세제를 사용하면서 사용량을 줄이

며 여러 가지 화학 물질이 포함된 기계 및 산업 장비들의 안전 규칙을 준수함으로써

추가 오염을 막고 수자원을 보호하기 시작해야 합니다. 이제 우리의 행동을 고칠 시

간입니다.

We should begin conserving water to reduce further pollution by decreasing the amount of pesticides used, reducing detergents that contain less phosphate elements and maintaining safe control of mechanical and industrial equipment that hold various chemical elements. It’s time to clean up our act.

1.

2.

What is the reason for the decrease in safe drinking water?

Do you know much about the global issue of clean water?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

Often we take for granted the many household items we use every

day.

Do you agree that there is less than one percent of freshwater sources available on earth?

What efforts should be taken to reduce further pollution?

take it for granted 당연한 것으로 여기다


Intermediate • Unit 07 • A Growing Environmental Concern: Clean Water

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that developed countries take the availability of clean water for granted?

3.

1.

2.

No more than one percent of freshwater sources on Earth are hardly a useful and pure supply to humans and ecosystems.


in Context

Self Study


a serving as an original or generating source b serving as a basis supporting existence or determining essential structure or function c of, relating to, or produced by the lowest component of a complex vibration d of central importance

a Not mixed with any extraneous or dissimilar materials, elements b Free from tainting or polluting matter; clean; wholesome c Free from moral taint or defilement d Having no moral failing or guilt

It is commonly believed that fundamental sources of water contamination come from industrial, agricultural and mining operations.

Answers 1. b 2. a

Further Questions

1. How many showers do you take in a week?


Which do you prefer: showers or baths? 2.

004


The decrease in safe drinking water has / been a major global problem. // No more than one percent of freshwater sources on Earth / are hardly a useful and pure supply / to humans and ecosystems. // Freshwater sources are growing smaller / and what is left available / is constantly being polluted by human activity. // To make matters worse, / contaminants added to global water reserves through agricultural farms and industries / further aggravate the situation. // For instance, / dirt or ground pollution from construction / and farms with livestock / and crops / can block public water structures, / which kill life underwater / and make the water extremely murky. // When developed countries take for granted / the availability of clean water for household activities, / underdeveloped countries still lack such benefits and suffer. // Believe it or not, / roughly one-fifth of the world’s population / lacks access to improved water sources. // It is commonly believed / that fundamental sources of water contamination come from / industrial, / agricultural / and mining operations. // However, / individuals are still responsible for water pollution / to a large extent. // We should begin conserving water to reduce further pollution / by decreasing the amount of pesticides used, / reducing detergents that contain less phosphate elements / and maintaining safe control of mechanical and industrial equipment / that hold various chemical elements. // It’s time to clean up our act. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



contaminant

reserve

agricultural

aggravate

livestock

public water

murky

fundamental

오염물질

비축, 저장품

농업의

악화시키다

가축

공공급수

탁한, 더러운

근본적인, 근원의

Memo

006

Smart Ways to Get Stamina Food

Today’s Article Stamina foods, as they are called, are being sought out by everyone to boost energy and fight the hot weather. Of course, a few Korean traditional foods are loved by many people and get the job done.

However, the times have changed to where the number of people who are limiting their intake of foods that are high in calories, fat, and cholesterol keep on growing.

Eggs are considered as a food that boosts energy. This could be because eggs are generally thought of as a “nutritionally complete food”. With a variety of styles to cook and eat, eggs can be scrambled, boiled, fried and made into an omelet. They have calcium, a ton of protein and vitamins, and less fat which are nutrients we all need to be healthy. Also, choline, which is a neurotransmitter found in eggs, helps to stimulate and improve the mind.

Plums are everyone’s favorite summer treat to stay healthy in the summertime. They have a natural acid that eliminates tiredness and improves the body’s strength. A more particular acid named picric acid in them aids digestion and relieves an upset stomach.

UNIT

08

말 그대로 스태미나 음식은 활력을 높이고 무더운 날씨와 싸우기 위해 모든 사람들이

찾는 음식입니다. 물론 일부 한국 전통 음식은 많은 사람들의 사랑을 받고 있으며 제

역할을 다 하고 있습니다.

하지만 시대가 바뀌어 열량, 지방 및 콜레스테롤이 높은 음식을 섭취하는 것을 제한하

는 사람들이 계속 늘어나고 있습니다.

계란은 활력을 높여주는 음식으로 알려져 있습니다. 이렇게 알려진 이유는 계란이 일

반적으로 “영양적인 면에서 완벽한 음식”으로 여겨지기 때문일 수도 있습니다. 다양

한 스타일로 요리할 수 있는 계란은 스크램블을 하거나 삶아서, 구워서 그리고 오믈렛

으로 만들어 먹을 수 있습니다. 계란은 건강을 유지하는데 꼭 필요한 칼슘과 단백질

그리고 비타민이 풍부하며 지방 함유량이 낮습니다. 또한 신경전달물질인 콜린도 들

어있어 두뇌 활동을 촉진하고 향상시켜 줍니다.

자두는 여름철에 건강을 유지하기 위해 사람들이 즐겨 먹는 음식입니다. 자두에는 천

연 산이 들어있어 피로를 없애주고 체력을 길러 줍니다. 특히 피크르산이라고 부르는

천연 산은 소화를 돕고 배탈을 진정시켜 줍니다.

가지 또한 널리 알려진 스태미나 음식입니다. 가지에는 암을 예방해주는 천연 항산화

물질인 안토시아닌이 들어 있습니다.

콩나물 역시 빼놓을 수 없는 훌륭한 스태미나 음식입니다. 비타민과 아스파르트산이

풍부한 음식이 콩나물입니다. 이런 재료들을 맛있고 가볍게 먹을 수 있는 음식에 넣어

먹으면 활기찬 하루를 시작할 수 있습니다.

Eggplants have also been known to be a useful stamina food. Anthocyanin, which is a natural antioxidant found in them can prevent different cancers.

Let’s not leave out that bean sprouts are great for stamina. They are rich in vitamins and aspartic acid. You can add these to a long list of delicious and light foods to snack on to jump-start your day.

1.

2.

Why are eggs considered as a food for boosting energy?

Do you feel rejuvenated after eating certain foods?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

Now is the time for local companies to seek out business

opportunities in Europe.

Do you agree that eggs are a “nutritionally complete food”?

Why do people think eating plums helps us to stay healthy in the summertime?

seek out ~을 찾아내다


Intermediate • Unit 08 • Smart Ways to Get Stamina Food

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that it’s important to eat the right foods during summer?

3.

1.

2.

Stamina foods, as they are called, are being sought out by everyone to boost energy and fight the hot weather.


in Context

Self Study


a To cause a lessening or alleviation of b To make less tedious, monotonous, or unpleasant c To free from pain, anxiety, or distress d To release (a person) from an obligation, restriction, or burden

a To try to locate or discover; search for b To endeavor to obtain or reach c To go to or toward d To inquire for; request

A more particular acid named picric acid in them aids digestion and relieves an upset stomach.

Answers 1. d 2. c

Further Questions

1. What time of day do you feel most tired?


Do you feel drained sometimes during the summer? 2.

004


Stamina foods, / as they are called, / are being sought out by everyone / to boost energy / and fight the hot weather. // Of course, / a few Korean traditional foods are loved by many people / and get the job done. // However, / the times have changed / to where the number of people / who are limiting their intake of foods / that are high in calories, fat, and cholesterol / keep on growing. // Eggs are considered as a food / that boosts energy. // This could be / because eggs are generally thought of / as a “nutritionally complete food”. // With a variety of styles to cook and eat, / eggs can be scrambled, / boiled, / fried / and made into an omelet. // They have calcium, / a ton of protein and vitamins, / and less fat / which are nutrients we all need to be healthy. // Also, / choline, / which is a neurotransmitter found in eggs, / helps to stimulate and improve the mind. // Plums are everyone’s favorite summer treat / to stay healthy in the summertime. // They have a natural acid / that eliminates tiredness / and improves the body’s strength. // A more particular acid named, / picric acid in them / aids digestion / and relieves an upset stomach. // Eggplants have also been known / to be a useful stamina food. // Anthocyanin, / which is a natural antioxidant found in them / can prevent different cancers. // Let’s not leave out / that bean sprouts are great for stamina. // They are rich in vitamins / and aspartic acid. // You can add these / to a long list of delicious and light foods / to snack on / to jump-start your day. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



intake

high in

nutritionally

choline

neurotransmitter

treat

picric acid

digestion

섭취

~의 함유량이 높은

영양적으로

콜린, 비타민 B 복합체

신경전달물질

즐거움(만족)을 주는 것

피크르산

소화력

Memo

006

Should Shy People Be Treated As Being Mentally Ill?

Today’s Article We are all born with differences. Apart from the way we look, we are different in how we behave and interact with people. Some may be very active and outgoing, while others may be reserved and shy. However, recent mental health policies might begin to classify shyness and odd behavior as a disorder. Other typical behaviors like gambling or Internet addiction are going to be seen as a mental disorder as well.

In the beginning of mental health science, which was in 1840, mental problems in the U.S. just had one category. By 1917, fifty-nine more illnesses were included. The number has now increased to three hundred forty-seven.

Health experts argue that under the new guidelines, millions of people could be at risk of being diagnosed for a psychiatric disorder. They have also said that the new standards will radically and unnecessarily expand the boundaries of psychiatry. To them, identifying shyness with mental instability could create a social fear toward shy people. One explained that many would be inaccurately diagnosed and would not get proper treatment.

UNIT

09

우리는 모두 다르게 태어났습니다. 외모와는 별도로 행동하고 사람들과 교류하는 방

법도 저마다 다릅니다. 어떤 사람들은 매우 활동적이고 외향적이지만 다른 사람들은

내성적이며 수줍음을 많이 탑니다. 하지만 정신 건강에 대한 최근 규정은 수줍음 및

이상 행동을 장애로 분류하기 시작할 것 같습니다. 도박이나 인터넷 중독 같은 전형적

인 행동들 또한 정신 장애로 분류될 전망입니다.

1840년 정신 건강학이 처음 시작되었을 때, 미국에서 정신 질환은 한가지 범주만 있

었습니다. 하지만 1917년 무렵에는 59개의 질환이 추가되었습니다. 현재 정신 질환의

종류는 347가지로 늘었습니다.

건강 전문가들은 새로운 가이드라인을 근거로 수백만 명의 사람들이 정신 장애를 진

단받을 수 있는 위험한 상황에 있다고 주장합니다. 또한, 이들은 새로운 가이드라인이

정신 의학의 범위를 급진적이고 불필요하게 확대할 것이라고 말했습니다. 수줍음을

정서 불안으로 분류하면 수줍음이 많은 사람들에 대한 사회적 공포감을 낳을 수도 있

다고 합니다. 한 전문가는 잘못된 진단을 받아 적절한 치료를 받지 못하는 사람들이

많을 수도 있다고 설명했습니다.

다행히도 서양의 정신과 의사들은 새 가이드라인과의 차별을 두면서 반대하려고 노

력하고 있습니다. 이 급진적인 가이드라인을 막기 위한 반대 목소리를 내기 시작했습

니다.

Fortunately, psychiatrists of Western countries are trying to make a difference and oppose the changes. In order to stop the radical guidelines, an appeal has been launched.

1.

2.

Under the recent mental health policies, what should be considered as a disorder?

Do you agree that shyness should be a mental illness?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

I bet since you have experienced all different jobs, you will make a

big difference when you become a professor.

Do you agree that this could alter things about diagnosing people for mental disorders?

Why are psychiatrists of Western countries opposite to these new guidelines?

make a difference 변화를 가져오다


Intermediate • Unit 09 • Should Shy People Be Treated As Being Mentally Ill?

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Which do you prefer: talkative or quiet people? 3.

1.

2.

To them, identifying shyness with mental instability could create a social fear toward shy people.


in Context

Self Study


a An earnest or urgent request, entreaty, or supplication b A resort to a higher authority or greater power, as for sanction, corroboration, or a decision c A higher court's review of the correctness of a decision by a lower court d The power of attracting or of arousing interest

a In the direction of b In a position facing c With regard to; in relation to d By way of achieving; with a view to

In order to stop the radical guidelines, an appeal has been launched.

Answers 1. c 2. b

Further Questions

1. Are you shy?


Have you ever been told you were shy? 2.

004


We are all born with differences. // Apart from the way we look, / we are different in how we behave / and interact with people. // Some may be very active and outgoing, / while others may be reserved and shy. // However, / recent mental health policies / might begin to classify shyness and odd behavior / as a disorder. // Other typical behaviors like gambling or Internet addiction / are going to be seen as a mental disorder as well. // In the beginning of mental health science, / which was in 1840, / mental problems in the U.S. just had one category. // By 1917, / fifty-nine more illnesses were included. // The number has now increased to three hundred forty-seven. // Health experts argue / that under the new guidelines, / millions of people could be at risk of being diagnosed for a psychiatric disorder. // They have also said / that the new standards will radically / and unnecessarily / expand the boundaries of psychiatry. // To them, / identifying shyness with mental instability / could create a social fear toward shy people. // One explained / that many would be inaccurately diagnosed / and would not get proper treatment. // Fortunately, / psychiatrists of Western countries / are trying to make a difference / and oppose the changes. // In order to stop the radical guidelines, / an appeal has been launched. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



outgoing

reserved

classify as

mental disorder

be diagnosed

psychiatric disorder

radically

mental instability

사교적인, 외향적인

조심스러운, 말이 없는

~로 분류하다

정신 질환, 정신 장애

진단받다

정신과질환

근본적으로, 철저히

정서불안

Memo

006

Ways to Ride Bicycles More Safely

Today’s Article This activity is enjoyed by people from all walks of life. It helps people maintain a healthy lifestyle, protects the environment, and gets you place to place in minutes. Of course, it is the bicycle.

Riding bicycles in Korea has spread like wildfire. People who want to exercise, take care of the Earth, and get to a café on time, all while having fun, can do all of these on a bicycle.

However, there are two problems surfacing in the cycling boom. Bicycle thefts are occurring more often and young riders are not wearing protective gear as they are advised. A traffic safety agency conducted a survey asking 1,300 middle and high school students about cycling awareness, in which the results were stunning.

Nearly every student that rode a bicycle indicated that they do not wear any protective equipment. Although, half of the students ride in their neighborhoods or parks, some admitted that they rode in pedestrian and city streets. This increases the risk of danger for young riders.

UNIT

10

이 활동은 사회적 지위를 막론하고 모든 사람이 좋아하는 활동입니다. 이 활동을 하면

건강한 삶을 유지하고, 환경을 보호하고, 짧은 시간 안에 사람들이 이동하는 데 도움

이 됩니다. 물론 이 활동은 자전거 타기를 말하는 것입니다.

한국에서는 자전거 타기가 산불처럼 빠르게 유행하고 있습니다. 운동하면서 환경도

보호하고 제시간에 카페에 가기를 원하는 사람들은 자전거를 타면서 이 모든 활동을

즐길 수 있습니다.

하지만 자전거 타기 열풍이 직면한 두 가지 문제점이 있습니다. 한가지는 자전거 도난

사고가 종종 발생한다는 것과 나머지 하나는 어린아이들이 보호장비를 잘 착용하지

않는다는 것입니다. 교통안전공단이 1,300명의 중고등 학생을 대상으로 자전거 타기

에 대한 인식을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 충격적인 사실을 알게 되었습니다.

자전거를 타는 거의 모든 학생이 보호장비를 착용하지 않는다고 응답했습니다. 비록

조사 학생 중 절반 정도의 학생들이 집이나 공원 근처에서 자전거를 타지만 다른 학생

들은 인도나 도로에서 자전거를 탄다고 합니다. 이 같은 사실이 어린 학생들의 사고

위험을 높입니다.

도난 사고 역시 자전거를 타는 사람들을 위해 고민해 보아야 할 또 다른 문제입니다.

한 기관에서 조사한 결과 모든 연령대의 자전거 이용자 중 절반 이상이 적어도 한 번

이상 자전거를 도난당한 경험이 있다고 조사됐으며 일부는 2회 또는 3회 이상 도난당

한 적도 있다고 말했습니다.

유럽과 미국에서는 자전거와 관련된 안전 교육이 어린아이와 십 대를 대상으로 학교

에서 진행되고 있습니다. 한국에서 자전거의 인기가 매우 높아지면서 학교 및 정부 관

계 기관들이 교육 과정에 자전거 안전 교육을 포함해야 합니다.

In Europe and the U.S., safety education regarding bicycles is included in schools for children and teens. With the popularity of bicycles skyrocketing in Korea, schools and government affiliated agencies should include bicycle safety in the curriculum.

1.

2.

What kind of benefits does bicycle riding have?

Do you think wearing safety equipment are really important?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

Hip-hop spread like wildfire from birth and has since spread

throughout the world.

Do you agree that bicycle safety should be taught by the parents?

What are two main problems surfacing in the cycling boom in Korea?

spread like wildfire 불처럼 번져나가다


Intermediate • Unit 10 • Ways to Ride Bicycles More Safely

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that riding bicycles can help lose weight? 3.

1.

2.

This activity is enjoyed by people from all walks of life. It helps people maintain a healthy lifestyle, protects the environment, and gets you place to place in minutes.


in Context

Self Study


a To grant to be real, valid, or true; acknowledge or concede b To disclose or confess (guilt or an error, for example) c To afford opportunity for; permit d To allow to enter

a An act or instance of walking b A period of walking for exercise or pleasure c A place or path prepared or set apart for walking d A branch of activity, line of work, or position in society

Although, half of the students ride in their neighborhoods or parks, some admitted that they rode in pedestrian and city streets.

Answers 1. d 2. a

Further Questions

1. Do you enjoy riding a bike?


When was the last time you rode a bicycle? 2.

004


This activity is enjoyed by people / from all walks of life. // It helps people maintain a healthy lifestyle, / protects the environment, / and gets you place to place in minutes. // Of course, / it is the bicycle. // Riding bicycles in Korea / has spread like wildfire. // People who want to exercise, / take care of the Earth, / and get to a café on time, / all while having fun, / can do all of these on a bicycle. // However, / there are two problems / surfacing in the cycling boom. // Bicycle thefts are occurring more often / and young riders are not wearing protective gear / as they are advised. // A traffic safety agency conducted a survey / asking 1,300 middle and high school students / about cycling awareness, / in which the results were stunning. // Nearly every student that rode a bicycle indicated / that they do not wear any protective equipment. // Although, / half of the students ride in their neighborhoods or parks, / some admitted that they rode in pedestrian and city streets. // This increases the risk of danger / for young riders. // Theft is another problem to be considered for bikers / and their handy friend. // One institute said / that more than half of the bikers of all ages / have had their bike stolen one time or another; / some have been cheated twice, / and others have had their bikes stolen three times. // In Europe and the U.S., / safety education regarding bicycles / is included in schools for children and teens. // With the popularity of bicycles skyrocketing in Korea, / schools and government affiliated agencies / should include bicycle safety in the curriculum. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



walk of life

boom

surface

protective gear

admit

pedestrian

safety education

skyrocket

지위, 계급, 직업

열기, 대유행

겉으로 드러나다

보호장비

인정하다, 시인하다

보행의, 도보의

안전교육

급상승하다, 급등하다

Memo

006

Healthy Breakfast Keeps the Doctor Away

Today’s Article There are many ways to start a day off right. Since breakfast is the absolute most important meal, a complete breakfast is the only best way to do that. Consider the following if you think otherwise.

Breakfast nourishes the body at the start of the day. During sleep, we go for eight or more hours without food and water. So, when we wake up, energy is needed to activate and get our metabolisms going. Eating breakfast gets our bodily systems running and helps us properly function throughout the day.

As some young girls believe skipping breakfast can be a good way to cut down on calories and lose weight, a number of studies actually show that skipping breakfast is strongly linked to obesity. Breakfast skippers tend to eat more food than usual at lunch or snacks. Consequently, it leads to a lower basal metabolic rate (BMR), and that makes your body accumulate fat. A lack of food in the morning, which makes us grumpy as well as ravenous, could cause mood swings and irritability.

However, eating well in the morning will help keep our spirits up and regulate blood sugar levels throughout the day.

UNIT

11

하루를 잘 시작하는 방법은 여러 가지가 있습니다. 아침은 무엇보다도 가장 중요한 식

사이기 때문에, 아침을 먹는 것은 하루를 잘 시작하는 가장 좋은 방법입니다. 만일 여

러분이 다른 생각을 한다면 다음 내용을 한번 생각해 보세요.

아침 식사는 하루를 시작하는 때에 몸에 영양분을 공급해 줍니다. 잠을 자는 동안 우

리는 8시간 이상을 음식과 물을 먹지 않는 상태로 있게 됩니다. 그 상태에서 아침에

일어나면 몸을 움직이고 대사활동을 하기 위한 에너지가 필요합니다. 아침 식사는 우

리 몸의 시스템이 잘 작동하도록 하고 우리가 하루를 잘 보낼 수 있도록 돕습니다.

일부 젊은 여성들은 아침 식사를 거르면 칼로리 섭취를 줄이고 살을 뺄 수 있다고 생

각하지만, 실제로 여러 연구 결과를 보면 아침 식사는 비만과 매우 밀접한 관련이 있

음을 알 수 있습니다. 아침 식사를 거르는 사람들은 점심이나 간식을 평소보다 더 많

이 먹는 경향이 있습니다. 따라서 아침 식사를 거르면 기초 대사율을 떨어뜨리게 되고

몸은 체지방을 축적하게 됩니다. 아침에 음식을 먹지 않으면 공복감과 짜증을 느끼게

되고 잦은 감정 변화와 화를 유발할 수 있습니다.

하지만 아침 식사를 잘하게 되면 하루 동안 좋은 기분을 유지할 수 있으며 혈당 수치

도 조절할 수 있습니다. 아침을 먹기 힘든 사람들에게는 가벼운 식사를 권장합니다.

과일 스무디나 삶은 달걀 또는 과일을 넣은 시리얼과 같은 편리하고 건강한 음식은 하

루를 성공적으로 시작하는 데 필요한 충분한 에너지를 줄 수 있습니다.

Eating light meals is recommended to those who have trouble eating breakfast. Convenient, healthy food such as a fruit smoothie, boiled eggs, or a bowl of cereal mixed with fruit, can give you sufficient energy needed to get the new day started on the right foot.

1.

2.

Why should we start a day with breakfast?

Which do you prefer: light or heavy breakfast?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

We kept our spirits up by singing songs all night.

Do you often skip breakfast? Why or why not?

Why skipping breakfast is closely related to obesity?

keep one’s spirits up 좋은 기분을 유지하다


Intermediate • Unit 11 • Healthy Breakfast Keeps the Doctor Away

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that breakfast is the most important meal? 3.

1.

2.

As some young girls believe skipping breakfast can be a good way to cut down on calories and lose weight, a number of studies actually show that skipping breakfast is strongly linked to obesity.


in Context

Self Study


a A force or principle believed to animate living beings b A supernatural being c The part of a human associated with the mind, will, and feelings d A person as characterized by a stated quality

a To be unsuccessful in retaining possession of b To be deprived of (something one has had) c To be unable to keep control or allegiance of d To rid oneself of

However, eating well in the morning will help keep our spirits up and regulate blood sugar levels throughout the day.

Answers 1. d 2. c

Further Questions

1. Do you enjoy eating breakfast?


What is your favorite food for breakfast? 2.

004


There are many ways / to start a day off right. // Since breakfast is the absolute most important meal, / a complete breakfast / is the only best way to do that. // Consider the following / if you think otherwise. // Breakfast nourishes the body / at the start of the day. // During sleep, / we go for eight or more hours / without food and water. // So, / when we wake up, / energy is needed to activate / and get our metabolisms going. // Eating breakfast gets our bodily systems running / and helps us properly function throughout the day. // As some young girls believe / skipping breakfast can be a good way / to cut down on calories / and lose weight, / a number of studies actually show / that skipping breakfast / is strongly linked to obesity. // Breakfast skippers tend to eat more food than usual / at lunch or snacks. // Consequently, / it leads to a lower basal metabolic rate (BMR), / and that makes your body accumulate fat. // A lack of food in the morning, / which makes us grumpy as well as ravenous, / could cause mood swings and irritability. // However, / eating well in the morning / will help keep our spirits up / / and regulate blood sugar levels throughout the day. // Eating light meals is recommended to those / who have trouble eating breakfast. // Convenient, / healthy food such as / a fruit smoothie, / boiled eggs, / or a bowl of cereal mixed with fruit, / can give you sufficient energy needed to get the new day started / on the right foot. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



nourish

go without

activate

metabolism

cut down on

basal metabolic rate

accumulate

grumpy

영양분을 공급하다

(식사를) 하지 않고 지내다

가동시키다, 활성화하다

신진대사

~을 줄이다

기초대사율

축적하다, 누적하다

기분이 언짢은, 심술이 난

Memo

006

Could Electronic Ink Replace Paper?

Today’s Article It seems rather difficult to get excited about something like paper when we live in a world full of digital masses. We upgrade various kinds of technology each year to ensure that it is better than the last before. Yet, after 2000 years, paper is still going strong and what’s better is that it could have an upgrade just like its countless digital competitors.

The future could lie in digital paper. Nowadays, using paper has become impractical. This is because things like smartphones, tablets, computers, email, etc. have acquired the functions that only paper materials could provide.

However, paper is cheap compared to others and scientists are well on their way to a revolutionary technology that could replace paper --- electronic ink. The ink can be applied to any surface just like traditional ink, yet once applied to a page, the ink can work like a computer screen. The ink can then be connected to microelectronic processes in the paper itself that can send an electrical charge.

Due to an incredibly complex design, the words and images on the paper can be changed to display different things.

UNIT

12

완전한 디지털 세상에서 사는 우리가 종이와 같은 것에 흥분하기란 다소 어려워 보입

니다. 우리는 과거보다 더 나아지기 위해 해마다 다양한 기술을 발전시킵니다. 하지만

2,000년 뒤에도 종이는 사라지지 않고 계속 존재할 것이며 디지털 시대의 경쟁자들이

끊임없이 발전하듯이 종이 역시 계속 발전할 것입니다.

디지털 종이에 미래가 있을 수 있습니다. 요즘 종이를 사용하는 것은 점점 실용성이

떨어집니다. 이런 현상은 스마트폰, 태블릿, 컴퓨터, 이메일 등과 같은 것들이 그동안

종이만 제공해줄 수 있었던 기능들을 가지게 되었기 때문입니다.

하지만 종이는 다른 것들에 비해 저렴하며 과학자들도 종이를 대체할 수 있는 혁신적

인 기술을 막 개발하려 하고 있습니다. 그 기술이 바로 전자잉크입니다. 전자잉크는

일반 잉크처럼 어떤 표면에라도 적용할 수 있습니다. 하지만 일단 한 면에 적용되면

컴퓨터 화면 처럼 작동합니다. 전자 잉크는 전하를 보낼 수 있는 종이 안에 있는 마이

크로 전자 처리 장치에 연결할 수 있습니다.

매우 복잡한 디자인으로 인해 종이 위에 보이는 단어와 이미지는 다르게 보일 수도 있

습니다. 이 새로운 시스템과 종이 두께의 회로를 만들 수 있는 최신 마이크로 회로 기

술로 출판사들은 조만간 흥미로운 제품을 갖게 될 것입니다.

전자 잉크가 시장에서 판매되기 전까지 분명 많은 연구 개발이 진행될 것입니다. 아직

은 종이가 전 세계를 지배할 것처럼 보입니다.

With this new system and recent microcircuit knowledge that can produce paper-thin circuit boards, publishing companies would have an interesting product close at hand.

Obviously, this will take much more research and developments before this can be sold in stores. Still, it looks like paper might take over the world all over again.

1.

2.

Why is it considered using paper has become impractical?

Which do you prefer: hard-copy or digital format?

KEY PATTERN

Sample Sentence

I am pretty convinced that they are about to take over the world.

Do you prefer to read articles online or in the newspaper?

What kind of advantages does electronic ink have?

take over the world 세계를 점령하다 / 휘어잡다


Intermediate • Unit 12 • Could Electronic Ink Replace Paper?

1.

2.

Discussion


003

Do you agree that ‘electronic ink’ will be revolutionary? 3.

1.

2.

This is because things like smartphones, tablets, computers, email, etc. have acquired the functions that only paper materials could provide.


in Context

Self Study


a To bring into contact with something; put on b To put to or adapt for a special use c To put into action d To engage (oneself) in a task with close attention or persistence

a To make available b To have as an available or desirable feature; afford c To set down as a stipulation or requirement d To make ready ahead of time; prepare

The ink can be applied to any surface just like traditional ink, yet once applied to a page, the ink can work like a computer screen.

Answers 1. a 2. a

Further Questions

1. How many times a day do you interact with paper?


Are you interested in new developments in the digital world?

2.

004


It seems rather difficult / to get excited about something like paper / when we live in a world full of digital masses. // We upgrade various kinds of technology each year / to ensure that it is better than the last before. // Yet, / after 2000 years, / paper is still going strong / and what’s better is / that it could have an upgrade / just like its countless digital competitors. // The future could lie in digital paper. // Nowadays, /using paper has become impractical. // This is because things like smartphones, / tablets, / computers, /email, etc. /have acquired the functions / that only paper materials could provide. // However, / paper is cheap compared to others / and scientists are well on their way to a revolutionary technology / that could replace paper --- electronic ink. // The ink can be applied to any surface / just like traditional ink, yet once applied to a page, / the ink can work like a computer screen. // The ink can then be connected to microelectronic processes in the paper itself / that can send an electrical charge. // Due to an incredibly complex design, / the words and images on the paper / can be changed to display different things. // With this new system and recent microcircuit knowledge / that can produce paper-thin circuit boards, / publishing companies would have an interesting product / close at hand. // Obviously, / this will take much more research and developments / before this can be sold in stores. // Still, / it looks like paper might take over the world / all over again. //

Chunking

005

Self Study


Self Study



impractical

revolutionary

microelectronic

electrical charge

microcircuit

circuit board

close at hand

lie in

비실용적인

혁신적인

마이크로 전자 공학의

전하

초소형 회로

회로기판

바로 가까이에, 임박한

~에 달려있다

Memo

006

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