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THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE ON THE
REVITALIZATION OF BILBAO, SPAIN TAYGRA LONGSTAFF
Bilbao Abandoibarra 1980’s Bilbao Abandoibarra Currently
LITERATURE REVIEW
Environment-Behavior Studies (EBS) in Architecture
Economic Contributions
Effects in differing social classes
Changes in global perception
RESEARCH QUESTION
What effect has recent architecture had on Bilbao,
Spain?
BRIEF HISTORY
Located in Northern Spain
Manufacturing town
After Franco unemployment hit 25%
Late 80’s came up with the Strategic Plan
Strategic Plan:
1. Expansion and modernization of the port
2. New transportation facilities, including a subway designed by Norman Foster
3. Expansion of the airport, designed by Santiago Calatrava
4. Construction of a new bridge, designed by Santiago Calatrava
5. The Abandoibarra riverfront development, including a 1 million square-foot office and shopping mall complex, designed by César Pelli
6. Construction of the Euskalduna Convention Centre and Music Hall, designed by Federico Soriano and Dolores Palacio
7. Construction of the Bilbao Guggenheim Museum, designed by Frank Gehry
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Social Polarization
Increased Tourism
Change in Global Recognition
Economic Growth
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao designed by Frank
Gehry opened in 1997
ARGUMENT AND EVIDENCE
Social Polarization
Increased property prices
Continued urban development
Increased Tourism
Initial increase of 50%
84% stated the Guggenheim as destination
Figure 1: Visitors to the Guggenheim, Incoming Travelers,
and Overnight Stays (January 1994-January 2000)
ARGUMENT AND EVIDENCE
Global Recognition
Purpose of design
International and national
Economic Growth
Job creation
Foreign investment
Figure 2: Unemployment Rate, Bilbao
(1995-2005), in %
Figure 3: Employment in Manufacturing and
Services Sectors, Bilbao
CONCLUSION
Separation in classes
Increased Tourism
National and international perception change
Job creation
Not the Guggenheim Museum solo
IMPLICATIONS
Part of bigger project
Can be risky investment
Involves negative effects
REFERENCES
Pictures of Bilbao. http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=428703
Picture of Valencia. http://cnfle.com/valencia-spain-artssciences-amazing-hd/valencia-spain-artssciences-amazing-hd-
2
Picture of the Guggenheim. http://notesplusultra.com/tag/bilbao/
Figure 1: Plaza, Beatriz. "Evaluating the Influence of a Large Cultural Artifact in the Attraction of Tourism. The
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao Case." Urban Affairs Review 36, no. 2 (2000): 264-274. Sage Journals (accessed
February 11, 2014).
Figure 2: Ploger, Jorg. “Bilbao City Report.” Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, 2007.
Figure 3: Ploger, Jorg. “Bilbao City Report.” Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, 2007.
Questions?