11

THE PRESENT and

THE NEAR FUTURE

of cGPS in the Caribbean

22

cGPS in northern cGPS in northern

South AmericaSouth America

(Audemard, 2002)

CA-SA-NA Plate Boundary:

Block Tectonics and indentation-extrusion

ColombiaColombia

66

COLOMBIAN INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND MINING

GEORED PROJECT

NATIONAL GPS PERMANENT NETWORK FOR GEODYNAMICS RESEARCH

 

STATION ID STATION NAMELATITUDE LONGITUDE

º ' " º ' "

ALPA Guajira 11 31 40,74 -72 55 3,93

BAPA Base Aérea Palanquero 5 27 59,09 -74 39 27,03

BASO Bahía Solano 6 12 10,69 -77 23 35,63

BOGT Bogotá 4 38 24,27 -74 4 51,38

BUGT Buenaventura 3 49 32,47 -76 59 44,87

CAPI Yopal 5 21 5,12 -72 25 39,93

CAYS Cayo Serranilla 15 47 24,00 -79 50 45,60

CIA1 CIAT Palmira 3 30 19,04 -76 21 26,74

CORO Corozal 9 19 41,12 -75 17 16,28

CUC1 Cucúta 7 55 56,19 -72 30 46,13

GUAP Guapi 2 34 28,12 -77 53 40,85

MALO Malpelo 4 0 11,68 -81 36 22,10

MECE Barrancabermeja 7 6 26,09 -73 42 43,26

MZAL Manizales 5 1 47,98 -75 28 13,89

PAL1 Bucaramanga 7 8 10,47 -73 11 20,89

POVA Popayan 2 26 56,72 -76 36 53,08

PUIN Puerto Inírida 3 51 4,32 -67 54 12,03

QUIL Pasto 1 23 38,13 -77 17 27,41

SAN0 San Andrés 12 34 49,62 -81 42 56,60

SEL1 Santa Elena 6 11 27,13 -75 31 44,85

TICU Leticia -4 11 13,50 -69 56 21,79

TONE Urrao 6 19 27,93 -76 8 21,51

TUCO Tumaco 1 48 53,47 -78 44 51,73

UWAS Guican 6 27 2,57 -72 23 28,80

VBUV Chiquinquirá 5 31 59,54 -73 51 32,17

VDPR Valledupar 10 26 8,90 -73 14 52,18

VMAG Magangue 9 17 13,20 -74 50 49,20

VNEI Neiva 3 3 44,09 -75 15 19,10

VORA Apartadó 7 49 6,39 -76 43 18,51

VPIJ Ibagué 4 23 48,07 -75 6 24,09

VROS El Rosal 4 50 49,37 -74 19 23,98

VSJG San José del Guaviare 2 31 12,00 -72 37 48,00

VSJP Pereira 4 46 52,24 -75 50 8,02

77

cGPS network of Colombia

88

cGPS in Caribbean Colombia

VenezuelaVenezuela

GNSS-REMOS Stations –IGVSB-

1111

Station name Latitude Longitude Height Country City

Caracas 10º30' 09”.1066 -66 54 48.6581 930.966 m Venezuela Caracas

Maracaibo 10º40´26”,3189 -71º 37 27´”,9533  42,396 m Venezuela Maracaibo

Barinas 8º 36' 45”.5461 -70º 14' 19.2341 213.036 m Venezuela Barinas

Coro 11º 24 17”,65615 -69ª 38´ 50”,87943

32,748 m Venezuela Coro

Cumanà 10º25´44.”0385 -64º11´42”.1053 39.639 m Venezuela Cumanà

Ciudad Guayana

8º 21` -62º 38 `58 m Venezuela San Felix

San Cristóbal 7º 47´ 39.01990 -72º 12´5”.62682 780 m Venezuela San Cristóbal

San Tomé 8º 53´ -64º 15´ 110 m Venezuela San Tomé

Existing GNSS-REMOS Stations

1212

Existing GNSS-REMOS Stations

1313

Station name GPS receiver antenna meteorological equipment

data communications

Caracas Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No Internet

Maracaibo Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No Internet

Barinas Trimble 5700 Choke ring Trimble No No

Coro Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No No

Cumanà Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No Internet

Ciudad Guayana Trimble 5700 Choke ring Trimble No No

San Cristóbal Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No Internet

San Tomé Sokkia GRS2700 Choke ring Novatel No No

GNSS-REMOS Station Equipments

1414

GNSS-REMOS typical monumentation

Maracaibo

Barinas

Cumaná

1515

GNSS-REMOS typical monumentation

Caracas Coro

San Cristóbal

1616

Station name Latitude Longitude Height Country City

Mérida 8º36' -71º 09` 1650 m Venezuela Mérida

Trujillo 9º25´ -70º 29´ 670 m Venezuela Trujillo

Carora 10º 10` -70º 04' 410 m Venezuela Carora

Valencia 10º 14´ -67ª 59` 400 m Venezuela Valencia

Valle de LaPascua

9º 12´ -66º00´ 220 m Venezuela Valle deLa Pascua

Caicara delOrinoco

7º 39` -66º 10´ 34 m Venezuela Caicara

Maturín 10º 40´ -63º 11` 120 m Venezuela Maturín

Carúpano 10º 40´ -63º 15` 25 m Venezuela Carúpano

Calabozo 8º 55´ -67º 26´ 180 m Venezuela Calabozo

Boca de Uchire 10º 08´ -65º 26´ 50 m Venezuela Boca de Uchire

GNSS-REMOS Stations to be installed

1717

Station name Security Comuni-cations

stability

Mérida Yes (University) Yes Top of roof (4th floor)

Trujillo Yes (University) Yes Top of roof (3rd floor)

Carora Yes (local goverment/City Hall)`

No Top of roof (2nd floor)

Valencia Yes (national goverment) No Top of roof (2nd floor)

Valle de La Pascua

Yes (local government) Yes Top of roof (3rd floor)

Caicara del Orinoco

Yes (national government/ Ministry building)

No On soil

Maturín Yes (local government) No Top of roof (4th floor)

Carúpano Yes (University) Yes Top of roof (2nd floor)

Calabozo Yes (national goverment) No Top of roof (4th floor)

Boca de Uchire Yes (local government) No Top of roof (4th floor)

Intended location of GNSS-REMOS Stations to be installed

1818

Contact: Eng. José Napoleón Hernández

Instituto Geográfico de Venezuela Simón Bolívar –IGVSB-

Red de Estaciones de Monitoreo Satelital –REMOS-

Caracas, Venezuela

Email: josenapoleonhernandez@gmail.com

Web: igvsb.gob.ve/remos

INSTALLED CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

for permanent GPS stationsfor permanent GPS stations

35 + 3 BB stations. Satellite connected in real time

INSTALLED CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

for permanent GPS stationsfor permanent GPS stations La Blanquilla BB Station

Seismologic station design may well be a limitation for installation of permanent GPS stations inside fence. However, the intention is to place them nearby.

-----: Banda C

-----: Banda Ku

-----: Banda Ka

INSTALLED CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

for permanent GPS stationsfor permanent GPS stationsData transmission by

satellite Simón Bolívar

2222

INTENDED INSTALLATION INTENDED INSTALLATION of Tide Gauges (Pressure sensors)of Tide Gauges (Pressure sensors)

Tide gauge

LOCTI PROPOSALLOCTI PROPOSALrequesting permanent GPS stationsrequesting permanent GPS stations

Introduced in 2010

Request of 10 permanent GPS stations

Funding by LOCTI approved

(awaiting money availability)

Site selection under way

(premise: close to existing BB stations)

LOCTI is currently the Venezuelan equivalent to US NSF

Thanks very muchThanks very much

Mil gracias por su Mil gracias por su atenciónatención

0800-0800-TEMBLORTEMBLOR(8362567(8362567

))

Fundación Venezolana de Investigaciones Sismológicas

2525

New GPS Projects by FUNVISIS

Installation of some 40 new spits in western Venezuela in 2011.

Financed by LOCTI

(pending approval)

In the frame of a PhD thesis

CARIVEN Stations 1988-1994

2828

INSTALLED CAPACITY INSTALLED CAPACITY

for permanent GPS stationsfor permanent GPS stations

Also, 5 local short-period networks. Eventual emplacement of new GPS stations

3232

cGPS stations of Colombia

installed in 2011

3333

-----: Banda C

-----: Banda Ku

-----: Banda Ka

3535

3636

Existing GNSS-REMOS Stations

3737

3838

3939

From Central to South America