The neurone

Learning objectives:• Explain how the neurone is adapted for

its function

• Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon, mylein sheath, dendrites

• Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in the nervous system. Name three examples of neurone

• Explain how the neurone is adapted to its function

Learning Outcomes

Think – Pair – Share

Elicit

How is this cell the same as an animal cell? Different to an animal cel?

The brain can respond to touch, smell or taste stimuli in just 0.1 seconds, but sound and vision take longer.

How fast are electrical signals?

Nerve impulses travel at up to 320

mph and take just0.02 seconds to reach the brain.

InitiateEngage

What are neurones? Neurones are specialized cells that conduct electrical impulses through the body.

nerve fibre

A nerve is a bundle of many nerve fibres enclosed within a protective sheath. Nerve fibres are the long axons of neurones together with any associated tissues.

nerve

Make a model neurone

- work in groups of 4

- use the resources available to create a poster and model

- you will be judged according to our success criteria:

1) Scientific accuracy of model and explanation of how it is adapted for its function

2) Aesthetic appearance

3) Teamwork

Explore

Team number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Scientific accuracy

Aesthetic appearance

Teamwork

Total

3 = excellent 2 = good 1 = satisfactory

What do neurones look like?

The axons of most neurones are wrapped in an insulating lipid layer called the myelin sheath. Why is this important?

Thin projections called dendrites extend from the cell body and connect with other neurones, allowing electrical impulses to pass from one to the other.

Neurones are elongated cells consisting of a cell body and long, thin axon.

myelin sheath

axon

cell body

dendrites

Explain

What are sensory neurones?Sensory neurones transmit messages from sense receptors, such as the eye or nose, to the brain or spinal cord.

cell body

nerve impulse from sense organ

nerve impulse to CNS

What are motor neurones?Motor neurones transmit messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.

cell body

muscle

Neurones link receptor cells to effector cells.

Label the neurone- Summarising what you have learnt. Write down how it is adapted to its function

Elaborate-demonstrate learning

Dendrite

Nucleus

Nerve EndingAxon

Cell Membran

e

Cytoplasm

The cytoplasm is shaped into a long axon to transmit electrical impulses between central nervous system and effector

Fatty sheath acts as an electrical insulator of the axons, and speed up transmission of electrical impulses.

Branched endings make connections with other neurons or effectors.

Self assess

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-15005209

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUWbzNEoPI8&feature=related (Very emotive)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-zuoFtQzfw&feature=related

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0i8NhFKj14

• http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Motor-neurone-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx

 

The Nervous System – Interactive activity

Extend

• Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon, mylein sheath, dendrites

• Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in the nervous system. Name three examples of neurone

• Explain how the neurone is adapted to its function

Learning Outcomes

Evaluate