The Nazi HolocaustThe Nazis’ genocide of Jews

Contents

Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust Jews living in Europe Germany and anti-Semitism Reasons for the Holocaust The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy The Ghettos Camps/ Auschwitz& Birkenau Liberation & Beyond References

Def. of Genocide and The Holocaust

Genocide: The Holocaust:

any of the following acts committedwith intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic,racial or religious group

the Nazis’ systematic genocide of among 6 million Jews during 1938-1945

http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/index.html http://www.holocaust-education.dk/holocaust/hvadhvemhvor.asp

Jews living in Europe

http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazigenmaps.htm

http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/j_maps.htm

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Jews living in Europe

1st: map of the age of the European Jewish communities in 1939. Most of them including Germany have existed for many years.

2nd: map of Jewish population in 1939 in Europe.

Germany and anti-Semitism anti Jewish sentiment the Nazis used to carry

out the persecution & later extermination of the European Jews

http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp

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http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp

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Germany and anti-Semitism

1st: Caricature of Jews’ preference for money and power in Germany.

2nd: Jews persecuted and murdered in the Middle Ages.

3rd: Pseudo-scientific measuring to define the Jews as inferior, threatening the purity of the German, master race.

Germany and anti-Semitism

4th: The ‘stab-in-the-back’ legend: The Jews got blamed for Germany’s defeat in World WarⅠ.

5th: Caricature depicting Jews threatening Europe, causing economic crisis in 1930s.

6th: Malevolent caricature even appeared on the children’s books.

Reasons for the Holocaust

It’s fundamentally based on Anti-Semitism (hostility toward the difference in religion & Jews taking over the money lending business)

Economic: Nazis confiscated property of Jews and sent it into the Treasury of the State to recover from economic crisis.

http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?d1id=6&dir_id=607&eid=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030

Reasons for the Holocaust

Military: Nazis developed the military employing SA&SS, buying war supplies, conscripting the army through property confiscated from Jews.

Political: using hatred of Jews, induced dissatisfaction of German society to it of Jews, justified the dictatorship of Hitler, evoked the pride of racial identity.

The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy

1933-34: Boycott of Jewish stores & the Jews are not allowed to work as: civil servants, professors, journalists, artists

1930's: Physical attacks on Jewish property and people

1935-39: Jewish property is confiscated, Jews had to emigrate from Germany

1939-40: Ghettos are established in Poland

1941: The first organized mass murders (by shooting)& the first gassings (using gassing trucks), Gas chambers and crematoria under construction

1942: Extermination camps are established and Jews are deported there.

http://www.holocaust-education.dk/baggrund/antisemitisme.asp#Nazisterne%20og%20antisemitisme.asp

http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm http://www.holocaust.com.au/jn/n_maps.htm

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-boycott.htm

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The Nazis’ anti-Semitic racial policy

1st: Nazis’ racism in Jews was soon accepted by many Germans.

2nd: Nazi storm troopers block the entrance to a Jewish-owned store.

3rd: Adolf Hitler salutes SS troops on parade while SS Leader Himmler watches.

The Ghettos

http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/Nazigenmaps.htm

http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm

http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm

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The Ghettos

1st: map of Jewish Ghettos in Europe.

2nd: Jews in Vienna forced to scrub sidewalks.

3rd: Jewish children in the Lodz Ghetto on their way toward the Chelmno Extermination Camp.

Camps

Concentration camps (1933-1945) imprisoned people in camps because of their “otherness”

or in order to use them for forced labor; many purposes

Extermination camps (1941-1945)

were constructed with one purpose: to mass murder

Jews and others (six extermination camps , 3 million Jews were killed)

» Combined camps: Auschwitz-Birkenau http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre/

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/

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http://www.ushmm.org/outreach/eur78940.htm

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http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-dach-early.htm http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-warsaw.htm

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http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-einz-42.htm

http://www.holocaust-education.dk/lejre/udryddelseslejre.asp

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http://fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/resource/gallery/CampMisc.htm

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Camps

1st: map of concentration and extermination camps

2nd: map of deportations to extermination camps in occupied Poland; Jews from Germany& German-occupied Europe were deported.

Camps

3rd: A prisoner in Dachau wearing a triangle patch identification on his chest.

4th: A chart of prisoner triangle identification markings used in Nazi concentration camps for guards to easily see which type of prisoner was.

5th: Jewish families arrested in Warsaw Ghetto to be gassed at Treblinka extermination camp.

Camps

6th: The last Jew left alive at Vinica, Ukraine is about to be shot by SS man, as he kneels on the edge of a mass grave.

7th: Bodies are burned in Auschwitz in the summer of 1944.

8th: Crematory.

Auschwitz& Birkenau

functioned as a concentration camp & became the largest killing center

more than 1 million Jews were gassed to death

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-ausch-air.htm http://www.holocaust.com.au/mm/c_flowchart.htm

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Auschwitz& Birkenau

1st: Aerial view of Auschwitz-Birkenau taken by the U.S. Army

2nd: Aerial view of Birkenau extermination camp

Auschwitz& Birkenau

3rd: When the victims arrived to the extermination

camps in overcrowded trains, men are separated from women (among survivors); the first to be gassed were the men. The SS chose those able to work, while those unable to work were sent to the gas chambers or shot. Their belongings& valuables were handed over before death or those still alive searched the bodies for after death.

Liberation & Beyond

http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/h-poss.htm

http://www.holocaust.com.au/lb/dm_deathtoll.htm

Liberation & Beyond

1st: map of the number of Jews murdered in Nazi-dominated Europe between 1939-1945.

2nd: An enormous pile of clothing taken from children who were gassed at Auschwitz.

Liberation & Beyond

3rd: Bales of hair shaven from women at Auschwitz, used to make felt-yarn.

4th: A stash of gold wedding rings taken from victims at Buchenwald.

References

http://www.historyplace.com http://www.holocaust.com.au http://www.holocaust-education.dk http://www.ushmm.org http://www.brown.edu/Courses/HI0135/Documents/

Nazigenmaps.htm www.auschwitz.dk http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/games/

nazi_genocide_timeline/noflash.shtml http://kin.naver.com/db/detail.php?

d1id=6&dir_id=607&eid=tm88ihPRoudfNh2JLYVlFZQf5hW4PHLj&ts=1129990030