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1798-1821. The Latin American Wars of Independence. What and Where is Latin America?. Was ruled mostly by Spain Leaders came from Spain, France and Portugal Latin language origins. Outside Causes of Revolution. Enlightenment Revolutions in US and France Napoleonic Wars - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Latin American Wars of Independence
1798-1821
What and Where is Latin America? Was ruled mostly
by Spain Leaders came
from Spain, France and Portugal
Latin language origins
Outside Causes of Revolution
Enlightenment Revolutions in US
and France Napoleonic Wars
-Focus was in Europe -Spain and Portugal both Occupied for a period of time Napoleon increases
nationalism
Class System
Peninsulares: Latin Americans born in Spain
Creoles: Spaniards born in Latin America
Mestizos: People of mixed European and Indian ancestry
Mulattoes: People of mixed European and African ancestry
Class System
Class System
2%
18%
30%
45%
5%
Latin American Class SystemSpaniards Creoles Mestizo Indians Slaves
Haiti
Who rebelled? Slaves rebelled against French
Huge Slave Population
Why: Freedom
What Happened? L’Overture leads a
successful slave revolt in 1798 – he was a mulatto
Napoleon sends troops to take back Haiti in 1803
Guerilla Warfare L’Overture is captured,
but revolution continues Defeat of French Army Haiti becomes
republic in 1820
Spanish America
Area of New Spain spread from Mid-N. America to tip of S. America
Very few rights for native population
Who rebelled? Creoles Rebel
Why? Want their freedom
What Happened? Simon Bolivar was a
South American born General
Served in Spanish Army against Napoleon
Went back to South America and took over Independence movement
Known as the “The Great Liberator”
Slowly pushes Spanish out
Helped by Jose de San Martin
Mexico Who rebelled?
Father Miguel Hidalgo, a priest, leads the movement with other Native Americans, Mestizo, and Creoles
Why? They want to end slavery
What happened? 1820 they gain independence
Brazil Portuguese Colony Portuguese Royal family
flees to Brazil when Napoleon takes over
Family leaves, but one son remain behind
Who Rebelled? Creoles and Royal
Why? Want to end colonial rule
What happens? Pedro I- declares Brazil an
independent nation He rules as a monarch