The Latest Updates on Waste-to- Energy and Conversion ... · The Latest Updates on Waste-to-Energy and Conversion Technologies; Plus Projects Under Development September 17, 2012

Waste-to-Fuels Conference and Trade Show

The Latest Updates on Waste-to-Energy and Conversion

Technologies; Plus Projects Under Development

September 17, 2012

Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc. 1

The Latest Updates on Waste-to-

Energy and Conversion

Technologies;

Plus Projects Under Development

Waste-to-Fuel

Conference & Trade Show

September 17, 2012

By

John G. Carlton, P.E., BCEE, Vice President

Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc.

Outline*

• Introduction

• Selected Waste Conversion Technology companies and their projects

– Technologies processing MSW

– Technologies processing mixed non-recyclable plastics

– Technologies processing organic waste

• Summary and Trends for Future

• Q&A

*Research support from Ljupka Arsova and Elizabeth Rice

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September 17, 2012


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Intro - GBB Overview

Established in 1980

Focused exclusively on solid waste management

GBB WasteWaste-to-fuel

Technology Services

• Economic, technical and environmental issues reviews

• Procurements

• Due diligence

• Waste characterization and sourcing

• Process planning and design

• Independent feasibility consultant

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September 17, 2012


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www.rewmag.com

Introduction

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September 17, 2012


MSW Management in the U.S.

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EPA Estimate: 250 million tons Biocycle Estimate: 389 million tons

Discarded 69.30%

Recovery 24.10%

Combustion with Energy Recovery ,

6.70%

2010 2008

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U.S. MSW Characterization(post recycling)

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Paper16% Glass

5%

Metals9%

Plastics17%

Food20%

Yard Waste9%

Other24%

Source: USEPA, Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States, 2011




September 17, 2012


Capacity for Growth

The total installed US WTE capacity in 2010 was 2.7 GW,

combusting 11.7% of the nation’s MSW

If half of landfilled waste went to WTE �� over 9 GW

In 2011, 24.7 GW of announced coal power plant retirements

Source: USEPA, 2010

0

50

100

150

200

250

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010

Million Tons

Year

Recovery for recycling Recovery for composting Combustion with Energy Recovery Landfill

99

Waste-to-Energy uses less land per megawatt

than other renewable energy sources

WTE facilities require an average of 0.7 acres/MW

Landfill gas requires 27 acres/MW

Solar requires 8 acres/MW

Wind requires 18 acres/MW

Source: Covanta Energy, 2012

Renewable Energy Technology Land Use

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September 17, 2012


Conversion Technology Processes and Products

Secondary Product

Product Conversion

Primary Product

Conversion Technology

Feedstock

Ethanol Fermentation

Anaerobic Digestion

MSW

PyrolysisChar

Tars & Oils Upgrading

Gasoline

Extraction Chemicals

Gasification

Syngas

Engine

Methanol

Gas Turbine

Ammonia

Combustion

Heat

Boiler Electricity

Synthesis

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*may be pre-

processed

Aerobic Composting

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Biogas

Ethanol

Compost

Increased Interest in WTE and CTs

>591 Technology and/or Project Development

Companies Worldwide

150 Commercial or Demonstration Facilities with

MSW Worldwide

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Contributing factors:• Renewable energy policy • Funding• Sustainability goals• Waste diversion from landfills• Local jobs• Disposal fees increase• Transportation costs increase




September 17, 2012


Technologies Processing Mixed MSW

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• Commercial scale demonstration facility in Westbury, CA (since 2009, 1.3 million gallons/year)

• Pilot plant in Sherbrooke, CA (since 2003)

• On going projects on commercial facilities:

– Edmonton, Alberta- 10 mill gal/year,start-up 2013

– Pontotoc, Mississippi & Varennes, Québec, each 10 mill gal/year

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Enerkem’s Westbury facility




September 17, 2012


Fulcrum BioEnergy

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• Sierra BioFuels- commercial plant under construction in City of McCarran, NV

o 10.5 million gal/year

o Permitting completed

o Feedstock and off-take agreements completed

o USDA $105 million loan guarantee in August 2012

o Estimate completion in 2nd half of 2013Technology partner

TMO Blairstown, Iowa Layout

• Plants:

• Pilot plant in Lawrenceville, VA-

received a key approval from the U.S. EPA and is now working on a $20 million expansion

• Blairstown, IA- 6 mill gal/year, expected to be fully operational in the first half of 2013.

• Has site control for first commercial-scale biofuel plant in Elkridge, MD

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Fiberight High-Solids Pulping

Ethanol fermentationFeedstock- MSW




September 17, 2012


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• Gasification followed by biocatalyst fermentation and distillation

• MSW to Bioethanol

Plants:• Fayetteville, AR- pilot plant • Vero Beach, Indian River County, FL -under commissioning

• process150,000 TPA MSW• produce 8 million gal/year ethanol and 6 MW (gross) of electric power•granted Parts 79 and 80 registration from the U.S. EPA

• Lake County (IN) Solid Waste Management District- under development

Pilot facility in Fayetteville, AR

Indian River BioEnergy Center August 2012

Company

TechnologyPlasma

Gasification

Concentrated Acid

Hydrolysis Technology

Gasification & metal recovery

Modular Gasification

GasificationPlasma

GasificationPlasma

Gasification

Product SYNGAS ethanolSYNGAS

and metalsSYNGAS SYNGAS SYNGAS SYNGAS

Additional Technologies that operate Commercial or

Demonstration plants in the US

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September 17, 2012


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Technologies ProcessingMixed Non-recyclable

Plastics

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Company Technology Product Status Featured plants in N. America

No . of

commercial

plants

PyrolysisCrude oil &

combustible gasdemo

Demo: Tigard, OR, 10 TPDUnder development:

Hennepin County, MNManatee County, FL

none

Microwave Pyrolysis

Crude wax &combustible gas

demoUnder construction:

Blackville, SC 20 TPD

1 under construction

Catalytic Pyrolysis

Diesel Fuel commercialR&D at SEMASS WTE,

Rochester, MA5

Far Infrared Pyrolysis

Crude oil & combustible gas

commercial Demo: Montgomery County, MD,closed 2011

N/A

CatalyticPyrolysis

Crude oil & combustible gas

PilotPilot:

Niagara Falls, NY (45TPD)none

PyrolysisCrude oil &

combustible gasPilot

Pilot: Akron, Ohio

none

Technologies Processing Mixed Non-recyclable Plastics

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September 17, 2012


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Technologies Processing Organic Wastes

Quasar Energy Group

• Anaerobic digestion

• Product; Compressed natural gas, soil conditioner

• 5 commercial operating plant in Ohio

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quasar’s F825 system in Zanesville, Ohio




September 17, 2012


Harvest Power

• Anaerobic digestion and composting

• Product; biogas, electricity and compost

• Plants:

– >10 composting plants

– Anaerobic plants under construction: London, ON & Richmond, BC

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CR&R Inc. – Perris, CA

• Selected in Los Angeles County

• 150 TPD from CR&R dirty-MRF,

• DRANCO anaerobic digestion system;

• Convert the biogas generated into biomethane for their truck fleet

• $4.5 million California Energy Commission Alternative and Renewable Fuel and Vehicle Technology Program grant

• Construction is expected to commence in 2012 and be completed in 2014

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Dranco AD plant in Hotaka, Japan




September 17, 2012


• Wet anaerobic digestion technology

• Product: biogas, compost

• Plants:

– Partnership with W2e Organic Power

Columbia, SC- commercial scale prototype under construction

• 48,000 tons per year; 3.2 MW

• Start-up expected 2012

Gastonia, NC & Baton Rouge, LA-under development

– Chicago, IL- part of “the Plant” project

• 5,000 tons per year capacity

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Zero Waste Energy LLC

• Kompoferm Dry anaerobic digestion system

• Plants:

– San Jose, CA- 270,000 TPY, operations beginning April-May, 2013

– Marina- Monterey, CA- 5,000 TPY SmartFerm system (under development)

– South San Francisco Scavengers- 9,000 TPY (under development)

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September 17, 2012


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Company Technology Product Status Featured plants

in N. America

No. of

commercial

plants

Dry anaerobic digestion

Biogas and compost

commercial Munich, Germany 14

BTA , wet anaerobic digestion

Biogas and compost

commercialToronto, CA

Demo: DufferinCommercial: Newmarket

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Anaerobic digestion

Biogas and compost

commercialUnder development:

El Paso, TX120

Bio-refiningacetic acid,

ketones, and alcohols

demoDemo:

Bryan, TX- 700 TPD

1 under developmen

t

Additional Technologies Processing Organic Waste

Summary and Trends for Future

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September 17, 2012


Alternative Risks/Liability Risk Summary

Mass Burn/WaterWall Proven commercial technology Very Low

Mass Burn/Modular Proven commercial technology Low

RDF/ Dedicated Boiler Proven commercial technology Low

RDF/Fluid BedProven technology; limited U.S.

commercial experienceModerate to Low

Anaerobic DigestionProven technology; limited U.S.

commercial experienceModerate to Low

Mixed-Waste

Composting

Previous large failures; No large-scale commercially viable plants in operation; subject to scale-up issues

Moderate to high

Pyrolysis

Previous failures at scale, uncertain commercial potential; no operating experience with large -scale operations

High

Gasification

Limited operating experience at only small scale; subject to scale-up issues

High

Chemical

Decomposition/

Depolymerization

Technology under development; not a commercial option at this time High

Technologies and RiskSource: Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc. August 2012

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Opinion of Trends for the Future...

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• 3-5 years for the new technologies to prove

technical and economic feasibility

• Carbon credits

• Renewable energy recognition

• Renewable fuel standards

• Increased recycling requirements




September 17, 2012


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YEAR WTE/ RDF

Pyrolysis

and

Gasification

MRF

Recovered

(million

tons)

2001 83/26 0 523 104.3

2011 71/15 1 565 114.5

2021 74/17 26 615 129.6

U.S. PlantsPast, Present, and Future

Source: Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc. , 2011

A Realistic & Ultimate Goal:

Fully Integrated and Efficient Waste

Management System with Significant

Diversion (Recycling) and WTE-WCT

…in a 50-50 partnership!

…for more jobs, better environment,

and energy independence!

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September 17, 2012


Thank you!!

John G. Carlton, P.E., [email protected]

1-908-319-5992

www.gbbinc.com

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The Latest Updates on Waste-to- Energy and Conversion ... · The Latest Updates on Waste-to-Energy and Conversion Technologies; Plus Projects Under Development September 17, 2012