THE JOURNAL Egyptian Archaeology - Plymouth City Council

7/30/2019 THE JOURNAL Egyptian Archaeology - Plymouth City Council

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THE JOURNAL OF

EyptianArhaeoloy

VOLUME 94

2008

PUBLISHED BY

THE EgYPT ExPLORATION SOcIETY

3 DOUgHTY MEwS, LONDON wc1N 2Pg

ISSN 03075133


2/20

Printed in Great Britain By

CommerCial Colour Press PlC,

anGard House, 185 Forest road,

Hainault, essex iG6 3Hx

and PuBlisHed By

tHe eGyPt exPloration soCiety

3 douGHty mews, london wC1n 2PG

issn 03075133

all riGHts reserVed


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The Journal o Egyptian Archaeology 94 (008), 1078

ISSN 007-51

THE COFFINS OF IYHAT AND TAIRY:

A TALE OF TWO CITIES *

ByAidAn dodson

T pulcton o two cons prsntly n t Cty Musum nd Art Gllry n Plymout, Enlnd.

Dtn to t Twnty-t Dynsty, ty r ntrstn xmpls o nnr cons o tr prod,tt o Try vn n unusul rm rrnmnt. Ty lso v n ntrun modrn story, nd

n ttmpt s md to trc tm rom tr rst pprnc t t Brstol Insttuton (ncstor ot modrn Cty Musum & Art Gllry) n 184, trou t Brstoln prvt collcton o md-nntnt cntury collctor nd trvllr Toms Ps (18161884), to tr rrvl n Plymoutn 1919.

The orns o wt s now Brstols Musums, Gllrs & Arcvs1 l n t

oundton, n 18, o t Brstol Insttuton or t Advncmnt o Scnc nd

Art, srn rnd-nw prmss t t ottom o Prk Strt (. 1) wt t sltly

oldr Brstol Ltrry nd Plosopcl Socty. T uldn ws dsnd y Sr

Crls Cockrll (1788186), wo ws ltr to complt t Ftzwllm Musum,

Cmrd, nd to uld St Gors Hll, Lvrpool.

In Aprl 1871, t Insttuton mrd wt t Brstol Lrry Socty, nd n187 movd to nw uldn t t top o Prk Strt, wc ws xtndd n 1877

(. ). In 1894, t Musum nd Lrry, struln nnclly, wr trnsrrd

to Brstol Corporton. In 1906, t Lrry movd to ts currnt om on Coll

Grn, wl n 1899 t tocco ron Sr Wllm Hnry Wlls (1801911, ltr

Lord Wntrstok) ord to und nw Cty Art Gllry & Musum o Antquts,

wc ws ult djcnt to t 187 Musum uldn, nd opnd n Frury

1905. T Eyptn collcton ws movd nto t nw structur, nd s rmnd

tr vr snc.

*

For tr nvlul ssstnc n t prprton o ts ppr, I m prtculrly ndtd to Su Gls,Curtor o Etnorpy nd Forn Arcoloy, Brstols Cty Musum nd Art Gllry (BCMAG), Rcl

Smt, Assstnt Kpr o Humn Hstory t Plymout Cty Musum nd Art Gllry, nd Jon Tylor o t

Brts Musum. In prtculr, Ms Gls nd Dr Tylor v clttd ccss to rlr rsrc mtrl rlt-

n to t topc, ncludn nvsttons y Nck Dxon o BCMAG on l o Dr Tylor n 1985. Tnks

r lso du to Slly-Ann Aston o t Ftzwllm Musum; Amr Druc nd Smnt Hlltt o BCMAG;

Crstopr Dnmn o t Socty o Frnds Rdlnd Mtn; Dyn Hlton; Crstn Hus o t Sstrs

o Nzrt Gnrl Arcv; Mrrt McGror, Arcvst t Brstol Rcord Oc; Brnd Moon; Crs

Nunton o t Eypt Explorton Socty; Gurny Ps; Jms Russll nd Gwynn Stock o t Brstol &

Avon Arcolocl Socty; Alx Tompson o Hrts Hous, Almondsury; nd Wndy Cwtorn, Assstnt

Lrrn, Golocl Socty o London, or tr lp.1 For n ovrvw o t story o t Brstol Eyptn collcton, s A. Dodson nd S. Gls, T Eyp-

tn Collcton o Brstol Cty Musum, n V. Solkn (d.), , II: 150-

B /Ancient Egypt, II: On the Occasion o the 150th Birthday Anniversary o

Vladimir S. Golenischev (Moscow, 006), 110, nd d., Ancnt Eypt n t Cty nd County o Brstol, Kmt

18/4 (0078), 0. Muc usul dtl on t ltr yrs o t Cty Musum nd Art Gllry s wol s

contnd n K.-M. Wlton, 75 years o Bristol Art Gallery (Brstol, 1980).


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108 AIDAN DODSON JEA 94

Fig. 1. Frmsons Hll on Prk Strt, Brstol, ornlly compltd n

18 to ous t Brstol Ltrry nd Plosopcl Socty ndBrstol Insttuton or t Advncmnt o Scnc nd Art (utor).

Fig. . T uldn rctd n 187 s t nw Brstol Musum nd Lrry,

tr ts 1877 rrwrd xtnson (rom Bristol in 18989 (Brton, 1898), 6).

T mn ocus o t ornl Insttuton ws t nturl scncs, ut rom t

vry nnn t ws collctn Eyptn mtrl, lt n smll quntts: durn

t rst tn yrs, only twlv out o out 1,50 dontons wr Eyptolocl tms,

nd tr o tos wr ooks. T tnt tm rcvd ws n Mummy (ltr


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008 THE COFFINS OF IYHAT AND TAIRY 109

Brstol Musums H540 nd stll ltr H785), prsntd y Jon W, Brstoln

rsdnt o Lvorno, Itly, on 9 Mrc 18, nd on 6 Mrc t ollown yr

urtr mummy ws vn to t Insttuton y t Cty Cmrln o Brstol,

Toms Grrrd (17871859).

Curously, t ccompnyn Etnt Dynstywt con o crtn Ty (H60) ws not mntond n t Insttutons Dontons

Book ltou t som st t con tsl rcvd pntd nscrpton rcordn

ts donton y Grrrd. Ts lur to not t con(s) nclosn mummy s

pnomnon tt s rptd ltr. Ts mummy ws unwrppd or n udnc

on 9 Dcmr tt yr.4 Ts ws crrd out y tm ld y Dr Jms Cowls

Prcrd (17861848), suron, psyctrst, nd pyscl ntropolost wo d

lso wrttn on Eyptn mytoloy.5 W prsntd urtr mummy, tt o

cld, on 6 Aprl 186, totr wt prt o notr juvnl ody.6

On Mrc 184 t or y Mmr to llow on o t n Mumms

snt to m rom rod to opnd ws rportd.7

T Mmr n qustonws Grrrd, nd on 1 Mrc, srs o lcturs y Dr Prcrd n wt t

unwrppn o t nw mummy. An xtrmly dtld contmporry ccount o

ts vnt runs s ollows:8

T Mummy, wc rom t c o t cs ws lvd to tt o ml, ws

nclosd n two srcop o sycmor wood c o wc ws ormd o ck nd

ront porton, dovtld, mortsd nd dowlld totr. T outsd o c cs

ws covrd wt pntns nd rolypcs. On t nsd o t xtrnl cs ws

ml ur n prol; nd t nsd o t ntrnl cs ws covrd wt ro-

lypc wrtn.

Ts css vn n rmovd t mummy ws xposd to vw nvlopd n

ts nds. O ts t xtrnl ons wr nrrow, turnd n t tr ds, nd

crucorm. Bnt ts ws lr wrppr o drk rd clot, wc nvlopd t

As wt mny musums, t Brstol collcton s usd svrl numrn systms ovr t yrs. T Brstol

Insttuton numrd ts dontons n tr ordr o cquston, ut ts numrs wr nvr mrkd on t

ojcts, nor pprntly usd to rr to tm. Tn, n t lt nntnt cntury, systm o numrs ws

doptd tt s now rrrd to s Fls Accsson Numrs; ts wr stll not mrkd on t ojcts. In

prlll, snc 1898 ndvdul dprtmnts d strtd tr own rstrs (c wt tr own lttr-prxs),

nd rom 1 Dcmr 191 Antquts lso dd so, prxn ts numrs wt t lttr H. T rst ojct

so numrd (H1) ws st vn y Mr F. P. Brown, ollowd y nwly rrvd ojcts rom t Eypt

Explorton Fund nd Brts Scool o Arcoloy n Eypt, tkn numrs up to H6. Oldr mtrl ws

ddd to t H-Rstr s nd wn tm ws vll, so tt som o t vry rlst Brstol gyptiaca

wr t lnt vn numrs n t H500 nd H600 srs n 1917 (c. low, p. 114 nd n. 5), wl t MppCollcton, rcvd n 1956, ws only rstrd durn 19777, documntton contnun nto t currnt

dcd. Crtn tms wr ndvrtntly numrd twc, wc sms to v n t cs wt H540/H785.

T H rstr ws closd nd t H rstr nuurtd n Frury 1971; ts contnud t srls usd n

H, H50 n ollowd y H51 (ltou strctly spkn, to ollow Musum procdurs, t sould v

un t H1). H ws tn Cty Trsurr rom 186 to 1856, ollown t Muncpl Corportons Act o 185; s

Oxord Dictionary o National Biography (rtr ODNB), XXI, 516.4 An ccount pprd n t our prncpl Brstol locl nwspprs; c. A. B. Grnvll, An Essy on Eyp-

tn Mumms, Philosophical Transactions o the Royal Society o London 115 (185), 91.5An Analysis o the Egyptian Mythology (London, 1819); ts trd dton ws ncorportd nto Prcrds

Analysis o the Historical Records o Ancient Egypt (London, 188); s W. R. Dwson, E. P. Upll, nd M. L.

Brrr, Who Was Who in Egyptology, rd rv. dn (London, 1995), 4; ODNB, XLV, 9.6 Ntr ody cn dntd tody, unlss t ormr mummy s H5597, c. D. P. Dwson, S. Gls, nd M.

W. Ponsord (ds), Horemkenesi, May He Live Forever: The Bristol Mummy Project (Brstol, 00), 5.7 Felix Farleys Bristol Journal, Mrc 184.8 Brstol Insttuton Opnn o t Mummy, Bristol Mirror, Sturdy 5 Aprl 184.


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wol ront o t ody, nd wc ws lcd nd wt srds o lnn. Undr t

wr ound w ds o smvtrous sustnc wc mt v n ornlly on

strn ut no vst o t ws lt. Lyrs o nds o ltr colour tn pr-

sntd tmslvs, wound trnsvrsly round t ody, ltrntn wt otrs pssn

lontudnlly wc nrlly ormd cross ovr t cst. Atr v o ts ltr-ntons t d nds wr sprt; nd tr ws srs o oldd comprsss

ovr t wol ody, nt wc vry rmrkl cross ws sn. T nds

tn cm drnt sown drk ptcs o tumnous mttr ...

T wx urs wc wr ound wr proly tos o two cldrn, nd

rprsntton o jckl-dd dty [(. )9]. Ty ll r mrks o t tum

nd wr vdntly prprd n urry. On rmnt ound wt tm s n y, wt

ln undr t ... Bnt ts ws ound wx plt, rprsntn wn, nd sl-

sk. Wc orm totr l t mlm o t Atodmon.[10]

T lnt o t ody tsl ws v t nd l n nc. T cutcl pprs to

v n rmovd; t r s rtr lon nd o drk uurn colour, ut mttd

totr y spltum. T rs r not ord: t nos s tolrly prsrvd utsomwt comprssd; ts ntrnl structur ws rokn down or t rmovl o t

rn; t sockts o t ys wr lld up wt rsnous mttr, proly n prt

myrr. T mout s sltly opn nd t tt r n ood prsrvton ...

T collr ons r promnnt, nd t souldrs unnturlly rout orwrd. On

t lt sd on lvl wt t lst dorsl nd rst lumr vrtr s lr crculr

ncson trou wc t vscr o tt cvty wr xtrctd: t cvty n lld

up wt rsn mxd wt rt ... T oot ws smll nd wll-proportond, wt

nstp, lk tos o t Grk sttus ...

At t concluson o t lctur lst vnn [.. 4 Aprl], Dr. Rly[11] sustd

tt t ws vry dsrl tt t sklton o t mummy sould prsrvd, n ordr

tt comprsons mt drwn rom t wt tos o otr rcs n t prsnt dy.

To ts proposton ts lrl possssor mmdtly ssntd.

9 Now BCMAG H1111, notd s Tkn rom t domnl nvstmnts o n Eyptn Mummy opnd t

t Insttuton n 184; or notr our suc urs, s p. 114, low.10 Prsumly ctully n mlmrs plt ncorportn wnd urus; ts cnnot now dntd n t

Musum collcton.11 Hnry Rly, MD (17971848), ws pyscn to t Brstol Inrmry twn 184 nd 1847, nd ws lso

lcturr t Brstol Mdcl Scool rom 18 to 1846. H v populr lcturs on vrous sujcts t t Insttuton,

ncludn comprtv ntomy, zooloy, rptls, nd plosurns, dontn t procds to t Insttuton.

Fig. . T tr wx urs o sons o Horus rcovrd rom t mummy unwrppd n 184

(BCMAG H1111: Amr Druc, courtsy Brstols Musums, Gllrs & Arcvs).


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Tr survvs pntn y t locl wtrcolorst Jon Sknnr Prout (18061874)

nttld T Ttr o t Brstol Insttuton, Prk Strt, durn t Dlvry o

Dr Prcrds Lcturs on Eyptn Antquts (. 4).1 A consdrl numr o

Eyptn ntquts d n ssmld to provd ckdrop or Prcrds prsn-ttons. Tos vsl nclud tr mumms, on unwrppd, nd v cons.1

T con top t pdstl t t rr o t dsply (1) s t ormntond

xmpl lonn to Ty. At t ront o t dsply s t nwly unwrppd mummy

(); t tr wx ms ound durn t unwrppn r to sn on t tl

nd (11), wt notr tm tt my t closur o t mlmn wound.14

T mummy lyn n t con trou t t rt (), dornd wt msk nd

crtonn pnls, s Ws 18 t, H540 = H785. Tody, t mummy ls n n

old znc-lnd ox n wc t s n ssumd to v n rout rom Eypt: t

my v n tmporrly plcd n ts trou or dsply purposs only. To jud

rom ts sz, nd t podum undr t t o t trou, t my tt t s romt con wos ld s on t r lt o t pntn (8).

T wrppd mummy on t lt (4) closly mtcs t dscrpton vn ov

o t xtrnl pprnc o t mummy unwrppd on 1 Mrc, nd must

scond spcmn dontd y Grrrd. Ts s lstd lon wt t unwrppd ody

n n ntry md durn My 184 n t Insttutons Dontons Book undr t

numr 180: Two Eyptn Mumms. On ml nd t otr ml; t ormr

n ts ornl ndn, t lttr s opnd t lctur tr on Mrc 1st 184 &

ntndd or sklton.

Altou no cons r mntond s ccompnyn ts two mumms, t

contmporry ccount quotd ov dscrs t mummy to unwrppd s nnclosd n two srcop. Ts clrly must two o t our rmnn cons

sown n t wtrcolour (58), wc r wtout dout two outr nd two nnr

cons o typcl lt Trd Intrmdt Prod typ.15 Tt on t r rt o t

pntn (5) cn rconsd y vrtu o ts vry unusul rm rrnmnt s t

nnr cs o t Ldy o t Hous Try, dutr o Asry nd Dntnstt,

now n Plymout Cty Musum nd Art Gllry (Appndx b). Its outr con

s prsumly tt stndn nxt to t. T nnr ld stndn on t r lt (8) s

1 Gvn to t Musum nd Art Gllry y Mr F. Nwcom n 1918. T ollown nlyss o t ojcts

sown drs somwt rom tt st out n Dodson nd Gls, II, 114.1 O t otr mtrl vsl, t stl low Tys con sms to drwn. T corncd stl n ront

o t unwrppd mummy (10) s dntl s tt o Iyty, dtl to t rn o Tutmos IV or Amn-

otp III, nd now H67: ts could t Eyptn Monumnt o 185. O t roup on t tl (1), could

t cnopc jr (not now dntl n t Brstol collcton) monst t Morrs Idols? T djcnt stl on

t tl r dcult to ssss n vw o totl lck o dtl, ut on (possly t on n t cntr) s lkly to

tt o t Hm-nTr n Wrt-HkAw Pnmun, rstrd n 1917 s H514, nd wtout ny story. Tr r no otr

complt stl n Brstol tt could cnddts or t rmnn pr, ltou t s possl tt n ccdnt

ltr ll on o tm, nd tt t could prtly rprsntd y H74, t mddl scton o rokn Nw

Kndom stl o n Ovrsr o Cttl. Tr r no potntl cnddts or t trd stl: prps t nd t

cnopc jr wr smply lnt or t occson? Altrntvly, ty my v n prt o t Insttutons oldns,

ut susquntly lt t collcton n crcumstncs tt r now wolly oscur (c. n. 81).14 Tr prsnc sows clrly tt t mummy s t nwly unwrppd on, rtr tn t ody rom t

con o Ty, unwrppd dcd rlr, s s sustd n Dwson, Gls, nd Ponsord (ds), Horemkenesi, 19.

It s possl tt t lttr mummy s ddn rom vw nsd ts con, wc my xpln wy ts pc s lyn

on ts ck, rtr tn plcd uprt lk t rst o t cons prsnt, ut c. n. low.15 C. urtr low.


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6

91

7

4 12

11

3

8

5

2

10

Fig. 4. Wtrcolour y J. S. Prout, md t t Brstol Insttuton twn

1 Mrc nd 4 Aprl 184, durn srs o Eyptolocl lcturs y

Jms Prcrd (BCMAG M984, courtsy Brstols Musums, Gllrs & Arcvs).

Ojcts tt my dntd r s ollows:

1. BCMAG H60;

. Mummy unwrppd on 1 Mrc 184;

. H540=H785, n Plymout, Ps

Lon C(?);

4. Mummy prsntd wt .;

5. Plymout Cty Musum & Art Gllry

Ps Lon C;

6. H61;

7. H69;

8. Plymout Ps Lon C1;

9. H5588;

10. H67;

11. H1111;

1. Stl not ully dntl, ut tt n

cntr s proly H514; t cnopc jr

s not dntl.


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lss dstnctv, ut s consstnt wt n tt o con wc ccompnd tt

o Try wn t rrvd n Plymout, tt o t wab-prst o Amun, Iyt, son

o Gods Ftr o Amun Pwrm nd nbt-pr Hnttwy (Appndx 1b). T

dcortv lmnts ndctd on t wtrcolour r ll consstnt wt tos to sn n Plymout, wl t sp o t nos sown susts t dm to sn

tody on t c o Iyts con. Altou t ld n t wtrcolour rs rd,

n contrst wt t currnt stt o Iyts covr, t rokn rmns o just suc

rd stll xst undr tt cons cn.

Ts dntcton o t nnr cons sown n t 184 pntn rss two

prtculr ssus. T rst rss rom prusl o t pulsd ccount o t

unwrppn. Hr, w rd tt t nsd o t ntrnl cs ws covrd wt

rolypc wrtn. Ts s tru o Iyts con, ut not tt o Try. Tr r

numr o optons r: rst, tt t sx o t con nd/or mummy ws mstkn

n 184; scond, tt t corrspondnt ws mstkn; trd, tt t mumms dn swtcd t som pont; or ourt, tt t con sown s not tr ll tt o

Try n Plymout.

Unortuntly, t sx o t corps cnnot tody vrd. In Jnury 185,

t ws notd16 tt on dsply []n t Loy, Hll, nd upon t Str-cs [o t

Insttuton] r modls, csts, s rls, nd usts, totr wt svrl mumms

nd mummy css, nd t sklton o mummy doutlss t vctm o t

prvous yrs unwrppn. Howvr, nst t 184 mumms ormntond

ntry n t Insttutons Dontons Book s ltr not sttn Dstroyd 1906.17

T dstructon o t unwrppd mummy s conrmd n t ltr Gnrl Rstr

o t Musum nd Art Gllry, wr 78 Fml mummy wtout Bndn,s ollowd y not tt rpts t wordn o t Donton Book concrnn

ts unwrppn nd ntndd mploymnt s sklton, plus Dstroyd 1906.

Nvrtlss, t mummy d n closly xmnd, nd on would v xpctd

ny sxn rror to v n spottd y t tm o t My ntry n t Dontons

Book, spclly s t ws n skltonsd t t tm. T odys sttur would

lso n kpn wt ts n tt o ml.18

A corrspondnts rror s possl, ut vn t cr tkn wt dtl n t rst

o s ccount ts sms unlkly. On t otr nd, t ct tt H785 sms to

v n plcd n t trou o Iyts ntrnlly-nscrd con or t purpos

o t dsply mt sust sourc o rror. Indd, most prol would sm to swtc o mumms, tr n Eypt, n trnst, or t t Insttuton: tr r

mny xmpls o suc stuton n t ltrtur. Tt t con n t wtrcolour

mt not t Plymout xmpl o Try tr ll s md mprol not only

y t lttrs pprntly unqu dsn (c. Appndx b), ut lso y wt w know

o t t o r outr con.

16 In n ccount prsrvd n BCMAG.17 Ts s ntlld y H[rrt] B[olton], tn t Snor Musum Curtor. Ts dstructon proly occurrd

n conjuncton wt t trnsr o t ntquts collcton rom t old Musum to t nw Art Gllry tt

d n opnd t prvous yr. Suc pc s unlkly to v n lt pproprt to n nsttuton dd-

ctd to t n rts. On t mummy, nd t dntcton o t con,s now Addndum, pp. 178 low.18 As or t sx o t con, ts ws sujctv vw; on t otr nd, t vs o Trys cs s cr-

tnly mor ml n pprnc tn tt o Iyts.


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T wrppd (ml) mummy pprs to v n unwrppd dcd or so

ltr. Altou no contmporry rcord s yt n dntd, pc o mummy-

clot ownd y Wndswort Musum, London,19 s ccompnd y ll rdn

Pc o t nd o n Eyptn Mumm supposd to 000 yrs old. Trws 800 yrds o ts clot ound round t. It ws opnd n Brstol n 184 t t

Musum.0 In ddton, Brstol Musum olds our wx urs rom t ntror o

mummy, crctrsd n t H-Rstr s t t Insttut 185 (H111). Ty

r vry smlr to tos rom t mummy unwrppd n 184, nd t sms tus

lkly tt ty cm rom ts ltr unwrppn.1 T ultmt t o t ody s

wolly oscur, s n t Gnrl Rstr 77 Ml mummy n Ornl Bndn

dos not sr 78s sttmnt o doom, yt dos not ppr n ny ltr rstrs o

t Musum, nd s crtnly not n t currnt collcton.

In 1917, t Brstol Art Gllry nd Musum o Antquts, to wc t

Insttutons collcton o Eyptn ntquts d pssd n 1906,

t lst4

rstrd t Eyptn cons y tn n ts posssson.5 Amonst tm wr two

19 It s tt nsttutons sol Eyptn tm, nd s on o smll roup o tms to survv rom musum

tt ws st up y Bttrs Councl n 1906 n t Plou Rod Insttut, lonsd lrry, ymnsum, nd

slppr ts. Tt musum csd to xst durn t Frst World Wr. Wl tr xsts som documntton

out som o t tms n t musum, ncludn n ccssons rstr, ts lnn pprs nowr n ny o

ts documntton. It ws smply monst roup o tms dscovrd n cupord t Bttrs Lrry y t

rst curtor o Wndswort Musum, n 1986, nd som o wc wr trcl to t old Bttrs Musum.

T Wndswort Musum closd t t nd o 007, wt t ntnton tt t sould ropn n 008 n nw

locton undr t uspcs o t Hntz Fmly Crtl Foundton, s Wandsworth Museum Newsletter

Novmr 007 < ttp://www.wndswort.ov.uk/NR/rdonlyrs/zroyo7tqpvvtqr4wvomymnrwl4m-

skkculru45yz4pjv4k6y4qfrnypnqm6c/musnwsutumn07.pd >.0 I m ndtd to Jon Tylor or t provson o ts normton, suppld to Mrcl Mr o t Brts

Musum y Su Brr, Assstnt Curtor o Wndswort Musum n Jnury 006.1 On dos wondr wtr on o t dts mt n rror, nd tt t unwrppn mt ctully v

n n 185. C. L. V. Grnsll, Guide Catalogue to the Collections rom Ancient Egypt (Brstol, 197), 67. Ntr s t 184 mummy. T nd or orml proposl n 184 tt t sklton o t mummy

sould prsrvd (ov, p. 110), mt sust tt ot otr sts o rmns wr dscrdd soon tr

tr unwrppn. C. Addndum, pp. 178, low. For t vrous movs nd rornztons o Brstols musums, s t sourcs lstd n n. 1, ov.4 C. n. , ov.5 Aprt rom t two outr cons dscussd n ts ppr, ts comprsd:

H60 Ty, rly Etnt Dynsty, rom Slt Collcton, v Tos. Grrrd; unpulsd.

H6 Istwrt, dutr o Nmnktmun nd Nsmut, rly/md svnt cntury; unpu-

lsd.

H6 (x-H558) Pdorpkrd, son o Nsmt nd Tmu, lt t/rly svnt cntury: vn

y C. Hlyr n 1917; unpulsd.

H64 No nm, crtonn, Twnty-scond Dynsty; unpulsd nd now dstroyd (c. n. 7).

H68 No nm, rly Twnty-scond Dynsty, rom Dr Au l-N: vn y t Brts

Scool o Arcoloy n Eypt; PM I2, 606.

H641 Hormknst, rly Twnty-rst Dynsty, rom Dr l-Br: vn y t Eypt

Explorton Fund n 1905; PM I2, 657; Dwson, Gls, nd Ponsord (ds), Horemkenesi.

Wl notn s known o ow Istwrts H6 ws cqurd y t Musum, t s concvl tt t mt

t con (tn wt mummy) dsplyd t 18 Mlsom Strt n Bt n Octor 18. Keenes Bath Journal

and General Advertiser, 7 Octor 18, dscrs t mummy s t most Prct vr sn n ts Country,

ltly rout rom Bomy, purcsd y t prsnt Proprtors, t t Custom-Hous, Plymout, or

consdrl sum. It urtr stts tt t Covr o t Insd Con s rmrkly curous, t n crvd

nd lntly pntd n t Orntl styl, exactly agreeable to the eatures o the Person when Living, nd n

t st stt o prsrvton. T mummy tsl s dscrd s n ntrly unwrppd, ltou rt


11/20


ownd, rspctvly, y mn nmd Iyt (vn t rstrton numr H69 nd

ls ccsson numr 41) nd y womn nmd Try (H61; 4). Notn

ws sttd s to tr orns,6 ut t ownrs nms, ttls, nd ltons mk t

crystl clr tt ty wr t sm ndvduls s t Plymout pr. Sdly, t s notpossl to provd urtr vrcton y cckn wtr tr outr con trou

contns ml ur n prol, s sttd y t 184 corrspondnt, s ot

H69 nd H61 wr dstroyd n 1957 wtout vr vn n potorpd. 7

All tt crtnly survvs n Brstol r mnuscrpt cops o t ownrs nms

nd ttls md y Ernst Sr (1854197)8 n 1899, nd mnuscrpt dscrptons

o t cons y G. R. Stnton,9 wrttn n Sptmr 195 (s Appndcs 1a

nd a).0 Nvrtlss, t s now mpossl to dout tt H69, H61, nd t

Plymout cons rprsnt totr t two con sts sn n t 184 wtrcolour,

nd cm to Brstol wt Grrrds two mumms. Furtr conrmton coms rom

t ct tt smll ord sown dsplyd t t oot o t con o Ty n t 184pntn (. 4.9), nd stll n Brstol s H5588, turns out to mssn pc o t

oot-nd o t Plymout con o Iyt.1

Ts lds us to t scond ssu surroundn t dntcton o t 184 nnr

cons wt tos now n Plymout: wn nd wy wr ts two cons sprtd

rom tr outr slls nd on o tr ootords wc rmnd n Brstol?

* * *

Ovr t dcds sprt t 184 dpcton o t nnr cons o Iyt nd

Try rom tr nxt documntd pprnc. Tn, somtm n 1918, pr o

Eyptn cons wc turnd out to t nnr css o Iyt nd Try wrord on lon to t Ftzwllm Musum n Cmrd y on Toms Hnry

Ormston Ps (185197) nrlly known y s lst ornm. Ts or ws

turnd down y t musum, pprntly on t rounds o t n lon, rtr

tn n outrt donton.

quntty o t clot n wc t ody ws rst wound ws now prsntd to pulc vw. T xton

crd on slln (0.05) ntrnc.

Ts pc must dstnusd rom t two otr cons on dsply n Bt t t sm tm, t 10 Nw

Bond Strt, wc drvd, lon wt otr mtrl, rom Blzons collcton (Bath Journal, 7, 14, 1 nd 8

Octor 18). T Nw Bond Strt ojcts ll sm to v ltr pssd to t Bt Royl Ltrry nd Sc-

ntc Insttuton, t Eyptn collcton o wc ws lond to Brstol n Frury 1966; t cons, o t

nbt-prNskonsu nd on Djdkonsunk (sic), son o Nord, r now H506 nd H5074/5: I ow tsdntcton to Jon Tylor. It s ntndd tt ll Brstol cons wll pulsd, lon wt tos n Extr,

Plymout, Truro nd Swns, n monorp y t prsnt wrtr.6 Lkws t con o Ty (H60) ws lt wtout provnnc, ltou n tt cs not T. Grrrd

[184?] ws ltr ddd, proly y G. R. Stnton, or wom s low.7 Dstroyd Oct. 1957 s n vry poor condton, rddld wt woodworm (not n Musum rstr). For t

possl survvl o on rmnt, s low, p. 15. Also urnd t t sm tm wr t ld o H60 nd t

Twnty-scond Dynsty crtonn, H64, rstrd n 1917. S now urtr Addndum, pp. 178, low.8 Snc 1896 Lcturr n Orntl Lnus t Unvrsty Coll Brstol. For Srs crr, s A. Dodson,

Ernst Sr: A Forottn Ponr nd s Mlu,JEA 9 (007), 475.9 T Musums Assstnt Curtor (ltr Curtor) o Antquts nd Antropoloy rom 196 to 1951.0 A rmnt o H69 my stll survv: s p. 15, low; s lso urtr Addndum, pp. 178.1 T jon ws rst rconzd y Jon Tylor n 1985. T pc s now n lond, lon wt wx urs

H1111, to Plymout or dsply n t nw Eyptn llry wc opnd t t nd o 008. BCMAG Hstorcl Fl (HF) 506; tr r no rcords o t pproc n t pprs o t Ftzwllm

Musum Syndct, nor tos o t dprtmnt o Antquts (prsonl communctons Slly-Ann Aston, 19

nd 6 Jun 007).


12/20


In Sptmr, Hrrt Bolton, Drctor o t Brstol Musum nd t Art Gllry

rom 191 to 190, ws nvtd y Pss l-sstr, Mrn Fry Ps (18591954:

or t Ps mly, s . 8),4 t Brstol ductonlst,5 to nspct t sm pr o

mummy css t Cot Bnk, lr ous n Wstury-on-Trym, 4.5 klomtrsnort o Brstol cty cntr (. 5).6 On 18 Sptmr, onc Bolton d ctully

sn t cons, Ormston Ps ord tm on lon to t Musum, nd to dont

t lss cs n wc ty wr dsplyd outrt. Boltons vw ws tt ts ws

unlkly to ccptl, ltou ts would sujct to t vws o s Musum

Commtt. At no pont dd Bolton pprntly v ny nkln tt t ojcts

ws dln wt d onc n prt o t collcton o t Brstol Insttuton, nd

tt tr corrspondn outr cons stll ly n s own musum.

Put to t Musum Commtt on 1 Novmr, t or ws rusd on rounds

o lmtd spc. In rspons, Ps qurd wtr t would mt wt mor

Formrly t Snor Musum Curtor rsponsl or t dstructon o t sklton rom t 184

unwrppn, nd tn Drctor o t Art Gllry lon rom 190 to 195.4 Tn lvn t Hrts now Hrts Hous, Almondsury, on t nortrn mrn o Brstol, c. n. 4.5 For Mss Pss crr, s ODNB, XLIII, 57. I m ndtd to Gurny Ps or muc usul nor-

mton on t Ps mly, supplmntd y rn o cnsus nd pulc rt, mrr nd dt rcords,

ccssd wt t nvlul ssstnc o my w.6 BCMAG HF 506; t l s ncomplt, not ndctn tt t rlr lttrs wr rtnd y t Ps

mly.

Fig. 5. Cot Bnk rly n t twntt cntury (courtsy Rc Wnston Arcv).


13/20


postv rcton, ut Boltons rply condmnd t lss cs (. 6) s unsutl

or musum, nd onc mor ltd t lck o spc n t musum. In s

lst survvn lttr to Bolton, Ps sttd tt now ntndd to or t cons

lswr on lon, nd on 19 Frury 1919 t cons (nd tr cs) rrvd nPlymout Musum nd Art Gllry on ndnt lon lon wt otr ntquts tt

comprsd t Ormston Ps Collcton;7 ty v rmnd tr vr snc.

7 T collcton contnd ovr 500 tms, o wc ovr 400 wr scrs nd mults, plus vrous smll

ntquts, ncludn complt cnopc jr, cnopc ld, nd som nml mumms. A mnuscrpt Ctlou

o Eyptn Antquts lonn to O. T. H. (sc) Ps, Esq., Sk, Okmpton, s ld y Plymout Cty

Musum & Art Gllry. Ts would ppr to v n prprd y t Musum, s t ndwrtn pprs

dntcl to tt n notr MS ctlou o mtrl rcvd rom t Brts Scool o Arcoloy n Eypt

n 194. It s not yt provd possl to conrm t dntty o t utor.

Fig. 6. T cons o Iyt nd Try, pprntly n t cs tt ousd tm

t Cot Bnk (utor).


14/20


Ormston Ps ws solctor, rsdnt t Sk n Okmpton, Dvon, wc

my v nfuncd s pproc to Plymout, wc t tt tm d mnml

Eyptn oldns.8 Howvr, up untl t lt 1890s9 d prvously lvd t t

mly om o Cot Bnk, nd t s own stlsmnts n nd round Brstol.

40

Eductd t Unvrsty Coll London, d n dmttd s solctor n 1877,

nd prctcd n Brstol or t nxt two dcds.41

Pss dsr to dpost t cons wt musum ws clrly lnkd wt t ct

tt s stpmotr, Susnn Ann Fry (1891917, scon o t Brstol cocolt

dynsty: . 7) d dd on 1 Sptmr t prvous yr4 nd tt Cot Bnk

ws now to dsposd o.4 Ultmtly, n My 190, t ous nd ts 7 crs o

lnd wr sold or 11,900 to t Romn Ctolc ordr o Poor Sstrs o Nzrt.

Fig. 7. Susnn Ann Fry Ps (1891917)

(Annual Monitor1078 (19190), 0).

8 T Musum d n stlsd n 1887 nd ropnd n ts prsnt uldn n 1910. Mtrl (ltr

trnsrrd to Plymout Musum) rom Grstns work t Bn Hsn d n vn to t nry Dvonport

Musum, ut prt rom t Ps collcton t rst sncnt cqustons y Plymout Musum would

dontons rom W. L. S. Lot (187119: WWWE3, 58) n 190, A. L. Lws n 191, nd t Brts Scool

o Arcoloy n Eypt (Qu nd Bdr) n 19/4. T collcton s currntly n ctloud y t prsnt

wrtr.9 Hs lst lstn nJ. Wright & Co.s Bristol and Commercial Directory s n t 1897 dton.40 On s mrr to Mry Elzt Ells Cv (18671946) on 6 Dcmr 1888 n Knsnton, movd

nto 8 Son Hll, Clton, nd susquntly cqurd Flnd Lwn, t Lon Aston, just cross t Avon Gor

rom Brstol n Somrst.41 At rst t Lon Court, Brod Strt, Brstol. In 1885 cm prtnr n Jcqus, Ps nd Jcqus t

8 Corn Strt, movn round 1891 to numr 41. Ps struck out on s own n t ollown yr, wt s

oc rst t 1 Clr Strt nd nlly t Brton Court, 6 St Stpns Avnu. All ts loctons wr wtn

00 mtrs o c otr, wtn wt s now Brstols Old Town (Wrights Directory, vrous dtons).4 Only w monts tr r younst son, Oswld wo d mrtd to Cnd n t 1890s d n

klld n cton t Vmy Rd, Frnc, on 1 Mrc/1 Aprl 1917. Mrs Ps ws crmtd on 5 Sptmr nd

r ss ntrrd t Knswston Qukr Burl Ground, nort-st Brstol, lonsd t ody o r usnd:

s n. 7 low nd . 9. I m ndtd to Gwynn Stock (prsonl communcton 18 Octor 007) or nor-

mton on t ntrmnts o t Ps mly, nd or rloctn tr rvstons on 10 Novmr 007; on t

Knsswston cmtry, s G. Stock, A Survy o t Qukr Burl Grounds n Brstol nd Frncy Montly

Mtn, Bristol and Avon Archaeology 1 (1996), 45.4 Hr compnons durn r lst yrs t Cot Bnk d n r dutrs Mron nd Ros Elzt

Ps (18581951); on 16 Aprl 1918 ty totr purcsd Hrts t Almondsury, 15 klomtrs rom Cot

Bnk. Tt proprty d n ult s cott n t sxtnt cntury s prt o t Tocknon Mnor stt,

nd rdully xpndd untl uctond o y t Rv. Jms Lrd Pc n Sptmr 1890 to Rort Todd.

T Pss out t ous rom s wdow, Fnny Todd.


15/20


It opnd s t Nzrt Orpn Hom or Boys n Sptmr 191, ut closd

n 199;44 t st s now occupd y ouss ult n 1945.45

A curous ootnot cm twnty yrs tr t cons d n movd to Plymout

wn, two yrs tr Ormston Pss dt, s son, Toms Ormston Cv Ps(18901974)46 wrot to Brstol Musum skn t d two mummy css ormrly

t Cot Bnk, Wstury-on-Trym, wc t corrspondnt tout wr prsntd

to t musum mny yrs o.47 T Drctor, Hrrt Mxwll, could only rply

tt ty d n ord on lon n 1918, ut tt t n dcdd not to ccpt

own to lck o spc. Ts pproc my lnkd wt t ct tt Ormston

Pss wll ld to mnton t Eyptn collcton,48 ltou s sons nornc

o t lur o t 1918 pproc s odd, snc t younr Ps d n nvolvd

n t rlr sts o tt psod, wl styn wt s unts t Almondsury.

* * *

Ormston Ps ws not, owvr, t orntor o t collcton tt now rs

s nm. H ws on o t tn cldrn o Toms Ps (18161884), n

Ormstons cs y s scond w, Mrt Lucy As (185185), wo d dd on

8 Novmr 185, only v wks tr Ormstons rt.49 T ldr Ps d n

orn n Prk Plc, Lds, on 1 Jnury 1816, t only survvn son o Toms

Bnson Ps (1781846), wlty Qukr stu (.. woolln txtl) mrcnt50

nd Mrt Wtlock (c.1787188).

Toms ws ductd t Drlnton Scool, County Durm, nd tn jond t

mly rm to lrn s trd. H mrrd Lucy Fryr n 184,51 nd sttld n t

ous n Sout Prd, Lds, wr d n rsdnt or wl pror to s

44 In 199 Brstol Corporton d dcdd to xrcs ts rt to uld rod (now Flcondl Rod) trou

t rounds, nd s rsult t orpn ws movd klomtrs wy, to Snd Prk Hous, n Stok Bsop,

n t summr o tt yr, wr t nlly closd n 1970. T ormr Cot Bnk ws sold or 15,000 n rly

190 nd ws dmolsd soon trwrds. Dtls o t uldns story s t Brstol Nzrt Hous r

contnd n Sstrs o Nzrt Gnrl Arcv DE/1/1/, 11, DC/1/, 190, nd FGG/1/4/1, 141.45 Numr 0 Downs Cot Prk wll to t wst o t st o t old ous ws vn t nm Cot

Bnk. T st o t ous tsl s now occupd y 14 Downs Cot Prk, BS9, wt t strn prt o t

rdn covrd y 18150 Wstury Rod, nd t rmndr undr Flcondl Rod nd t strts drctly

sout o t.46 By tn o Ruslnd Hous, Butcom, Bldon, Somrst.47 Lttr o 15 Auust 199 to t Drctor o t Musum nd Art Gllry.48

Dt suppld to Nck Dxon n 1985 y W. H. Scutt, tn Assstnt Kpr o Arcoloy nd LoclHstory t Plymout Musum.49 Mrt Lucy Ps, nAnnual Monitor, or Obituary o the Members o the Society o Friends In Great Britain

and IrelandNS 1 (1854), 1161; S. A. Fry Ps,Account o the Lie o Thomas Pease who died in January 1884.

Written by His Widow or their Children (producd or prvt crculton, copy now n Lds Unvrsty Lrry,

MS.69), 10. Ts lttr ooklt s sourc o numr o t mly dtls n t prsnt ppr; urtr dt

s n drvd rom dcnnl Enls cnsus dt. For t Pss, s lso J. Fostr, Pease o Darlington, with

Notices o the Families o Robson, Backhouse, Dixon and Others, the Descendants o J. Pease (London, 1891), sp.

195, nd E. H. Mlln, Biographical Dictionary o British Quakers in Commerce and Industry 17751920(York,

007), 1.50 A cousn o Edwrd Ps (17671858), t rlwy promotr nd ptron o Rort Stpnson (ODNB,

XLIII, 501), Toms Bnson Ps ws ntv o Drlnton, wo d com to Lds n 180, comn

t prncpl o t Lds rm Aldm, Ps & Co. (ltr Aldm, Ps, Hton & Co. nd tn Ps, Hton &

Co.). Frst lctd to t town councl n 186, cm n ldrmn n 1841 nd ownd proprty t Spscr,

nort o t cntr o Lds.51 Hvn prvously n turnd down y Jn Bckous, c. R. L. Brtt (d.), Barclay Foxs Journal(London,

1979), 8.


16/20


5 Lucy Ps,Annual MonitorNS (1844), 9101.5 Id., 978.54 Ps,Account, 8.55

On t cornr o Kn Gor Avnu nd Gldow Ln, Cpl Allrton.56 It d rlr n t rsdnc o t otnst Rcrd Antony Slsury (1761189).57 Ps,Account, 8.

mrr; tr ldr dutr Ktrn ws orn on Aprl 184. Howvr, ltr

tt yr Lucy strtd to sow sns o poor lt, nd ltou Lucy Ann ws

orn on 15 My 1844, r motr dd on Sptmr.5

Thomas Benson Pease()

Martha Whitelock()

=

Hannah()

Thomas Pease()

Lucy Fryer()

=

= Susanna Ann Fry()

Louisa Ann (b. )John Edward ()Jane (b. )

Katharine Aldam (b. )Lucy Anne (b. )

=Martha Lucy Aggs()

Mary Gertrude (b. )Margaret (b. )

Thomas Henry Ormston Pease()

= Mary Ellis Cave()

Eleanor Mary(b. )

Thomas Ormston Cave(b. )

Barbara Margaret(b. )

Susan ()Isabella ()

Edward Reynolds ()Marian Fry ()William Benson (b. )Joseph Gerald (b. )

Robert Aldam (b. )Anna Dorothea (b. )Caroline Susan ()Cyril Arthington (b. )Oswald Allen ()

Hvn msl surd rom morr rom t luns wlst n Irlnd sx

monts pror to Lucys dt, Ps nd s mly d spnt muc o t ntrvnn

prod n t sout o Enlnd, nd d n plnnn som tm n Mdr wn

Lucy ws struck down y r nl llnss.5 Atr r dt, spnt t wntr o18456 n Eypt, dscrd y s trd w, nd wdow, Susnn, s qut n r n

s l xctn vvd ntrst n Eyptoloy nd ll tt rlts to tt wondrul

lnd wc contnud untd trou l.54 S contnus: T clmt sutd

m prctly, wnt up t Nl s r s t scond ctrct rcvn mprssons

wc wr ndlly xd n s mmory nd mkn t nnn o s vlul

collcton o ntquts. Wl n Eypt, turnd down nvtton to ccompny

Gor Jon Brown, rd Mrquss o Slo (1801896) on trp to Plstn.

Ps ws n Grmny on s wy om wn rcvd word o t suddn dt

o s tr n Brdord on 4 My 1846. Toms rst vst to Eypt ws ovr

dcd tr t Iyt nd Try cons d rrvd n Brstol: tr cn tus no posslty o s vn d ny nvolvmnt wt Grrrds cquston o t

cons n 184 t wc tm ws n ny cs stll rsdnt n Yorksr.

Follown s rturn, Ps rmovd to Cpl Allrton Hll, Lds,55 wc d

n s trs prncpl rsdnc snc 186.56 H contnud to prr to wntr

tr n t sout o Enlnd or rod, rvstn Lowr Eypt (only)57 n t wntr

o 18467, ccompnd ts tm y two o s younr sstrs, Susn nd Lous.

Fig. 8. Summry mly tr o t mly o Toms Ps.

T mor sncnt urs or t prsnt ppr r sown n old.


17/20


T mlys dntv mov to t sout nd Brstol cm n t summr o

185, wn Toms, wo d n ny cs nvr lt prtculrly sutd to t world

o usnss,58 nd s nw w, Mrt, wom d mrrd n Mrc 1850 t

Wncmor Hll, London,

59

took up rsdnc n rntd Gorn mnson nmdHnury Hll, n Wstury-on-Trym;60 ty rout wt tm youn dutr,

Mry Grtrud (. 1851). Mrt d n vry ll durn t monts ollown t

rt, nd t mov d n promptd y Pss vw tt t clmt o Yorksr

ws not vourl to tr o tm.61 Tt Toms d connctons wt t cty

s sown y t ct tt s dutr Lucy d n orn t Clton, n t wst o

t cty. Two urtr cldrn, Mrrt (. 185) nd Ormston, wr orn tr t

mov to Brstol.

Follown Mrt Pss prmtur dt, Toms rmrrd n n Aprl

1856;6 wt Susnn Fry,6 d urtr tn cldrn twn 1857 nd 187:

Edwrd Rynolds,64

Mrn, Ros, Wllm Bnson, Josp Grld, Rort, Ann,Croln, Cyrl, nd Oswld. T mly movd l klomtr sout to nw om,

Cot Bnk, n 1866, ts tm purcsd y Toms nd njoyn mncnt vws

to t nortwst ovr t Bls Cstl stt.65 Ovr yr ws spnt crryn out

ltrtons nd ddtons to t ous,66 wr t mly ws ttndd y ovrnss

nd t srvnts.

Toms Ps ws vly nvolvd n vrous commtts nd roups n nort

Brstol, n prtculr tos ssoctd wt t Qukrs, ncludn Sundy Scool

tcn. H lso srvd on s locl Poor Lw Bord o Gurdns, comn Vc-

Crmn, nd undn Brts Scool67 n Wstury or som two dcds. Hs

wdr ntrsts n otny, oloy, rctctur, nd rcoloy ound vrous outlts.A oundr mmr o t Brstol Nturlsts Socty n 186 (Vc-Prsdnt 1864

71), d n lctd Fllow o t Golocl Socty o London on 1 Frury

1860,68 s supportrs (proposrs) n t rnownd olost Sr Crls Lyll

58 Toms Ps,Annual MonitorNS 4 (1884), 18.59 Mrt d n orn n Bruc Grov, Tottnm, London.60 Dmolsd n t 190s, ts st s now occupd y ousn on nd djonn Nortovr nd Wstovr

Rods: s Wnston, Bristols Suburbs in the 20/30s (Brstol, 1977), s 54.61 Ps, Account, 10. Cpl Allrton Hll ws ltr ownd y Sr Jon Brrn, Brt. (1811905) nd s

rs; t ous stll stnds, dvdd nto fts.6 At t Qukr mtn ous n wt s now Qukrs Frrs, n t Brodmd r o cntrl Brstol. Ts

uldn, ncorportn prts o t rmns o trtnt cntury rry, ws usd s t Cty Rstr Ocrom 196 to 006.6 For wom, s Susn. Ann Ps,Annual Monitor1078 (19190), 19.64 Co-oundr o t soclst Fn Socty n 188, nd ts Scrtry, tn Honorry Scrtry, 1890198;

ws lso nvolvd n sttn up t London Scool o Economcs nd t Lour Prty ( ODNB, XLIII, 54).65 Ornlly ult or t potcry Wllm Brodrp (c.1747186) round 1800, wo d sold t n 1815.

T ownr drctly pror to Ps ws Toms Hll, Corn Strt-sd mrcnt trdn wt Russ (wr

d n orn, n St Ptrsur, n 1794) nd s mly; ty d n tr snc or 1841, y wc yr

t ous d n rnmd Cot Hll. It cm Cot Bnk n or 1851. For t ouss story nd

dvlopmnt pror to Pss purcs, s J. Russll, Rpton & t Rc Apotcry: Nw Lt on Cot Bnk,

Avon Gardens Trust Journal1 (006), 15; or srs o vws o t ous nd ts rounds n t rly yrs

o t twntt cntury, s R. Wnston, Bristols Suburbs Long Ago (Brstol, 1985), s 6974.66 For wc s Russll,Avon Gardens Trust Journal1, 19, 0.67 A scool oundd undr t uspcs o t Brts nd Forn Scools Socty, wc promotd t

stlsmnt o systm o non-sctrn scools or t poor. Ts nsttutons wr ctvly suprsdd

wt t rrvl o stt ducton n 1870.68 As Fllow numr 197.


18/20


(17971875),69 Bnjmn Wtrous Hwkns (18071889), sculptor o t Crystl

Plc dnosurs,70 nd t plontolost Jon Wllm Sltr (1801869)71 lst

tt ndcts s stndn n scolrly crcls. H jond t Brstol Insttuton n t

sm yr nd cm Jont Scrtry o Fnnc o t Brstol Musum & LrryAssocton n 1871, .. t t tm o t mov o t collctons rom t ottom to

t top o Prk Strt.7

Follown ts mov, t dsplys n t musum uldn d concntrtd on

oloy nd nturl story, t ntquts collcton n rltd, own to lck

o spc, to t ttcs, wt t xcpton o t lst som o t Eyptn mtrl.

Ts s known to v n dsplyd on t lndn o t ck strcs, ut notn

s known s to xctly wc ojcts wr tn xposd to vw, nor wn mor spc

ws md vll or t ntquts n n 1877 xtnson. It s tus not possl to

sy wtr or nor t nnr cons o Iyt nd Try wr vr prsnt n t nw

Musum uldn.Toms s rcordd s sroldr o Musum nd Lrry Assocton (wt

srs) trou t 1870s. Atr s suddn dt t t Qukr Mtn Hous t

plc o s mrr on 15 Jnury 1884,7 s srs ppr to v trnsrrd

69 ODNB, XXXIV, 856.70 ODNB, XXV, 9078.71 ODNB, XLVIII, 764.7 Plns nd pprs rltn to t constructon o t nw uldn wr stll n t nds o Tomss dutr

Mrn s lt s 1949 (BCMAG HF 506).7 H collpsd wl ctully spkn durn mtn: Annual MonitorNS 4, 145; ws urd t

Knswston Qukr Burl Ground on 19 Jnury, wr s wdows ss would ntrrd lonsd m

ovr tr dcds ltr (s n. 4).

Fig. 9. Knswston Qukr Burl Ground wt, nst,

t rv-mrkrs o Toms nd Susnn Ps (utor).


19/20


to s wdow, Susnn.74 Fv srs wr lso ld y s son Ormston, prsumly

purcsd t t sm tm, snc tr numrs ollow on drctly rom tos ld

y Toms. Otr mmrs o t mly wr lso nvolvd wt t Musum ovr

t yrs, mkn numr o dontons.

75

T Pss om t Cot Bnk ws lttl mor tn l klomtr rom T

Lrcs, Aml Edwrds ous n Estld, lso prt o Wstury-on-Trym.

Tomss wdow rmrks tt []s rndsp wt Mss Aml B. Edwrds ws

rt sourc o plsur to m n t lst w yrs o s l.76 Unortuntly, no

mnton o m sms to survv monst t Edwrds pprs,77 nor wr ny o t

mly pprntly suscrrs to t Eypt Explorton Fund.78

Wl tr s tus clr conncton twn t Ps mly nd t Brstol

Musum on ck to 1860, ts s stll twnty-v yrs on rom t crucl 184

Brstol Insttuton dsply, nd dos notn to xpln ow t cons ound tr

wy to Cot Bnk. Gvn s dp ntrst n Eyptoloy79

nd s xstn Eyptncollcton, t s clrly Toms Ps wo s t crucl ur, rtr tn s son, on

wom t collcton ultmtly dvolvd.80 In prtculr, n vw o s 1871 poston

n t Musum nd Lrry Assocton (prsumly covrn t Musum sd

o ts rs), must v n dply nvolvd n t mov o ojcts t 00

mtrs up Prk Strt twn t old nd nw uldns. Mt t tt durn

ts work t two cons81 wr trnsrrd to Cot Bnk, prps to tmporrly

74 Toms Ps s rplcd n t lsts y Mrs Ps rom 1 Jnury 1885 onwrds. Curously, Toms

contnud to lstd n Wrights Directory o Bristols rsdnt t Cot Bnk or two dcds tr s dt,

s wdow only rplcn m n 1905!75

For xmpl, Mrn ttmptd (unsuccssully) to dont work y t Srn sculptor Ivn Mtrov(188196) n 1919. In Dcmr 1949, s s nd r sstr Ros wr movn rom Almondsury to Wrxll

Cott, Strt, Somrst (Hrts ws sold to Cyrl Quntck n Jnury 1950, wo rtnd t untl 1965; t

ous stll xsts), ty dontd pr o udds to t Musum. A numr o otr tms rom tr ormr

om lso wnt to t ctys Bls Cstl olk musum. Edwrd lnt collcton o Brts Bronz A nd

Romn mtrl n 189 (t yr tt t Musum ws trnsrrd to Brstol Corporton), wc cm t

n 191 (BCMAG HF 506 nd 189M).76 Ps,Account, 17.77 Prsonl communcton rom Brnd Moon, 9 My 006; s s t utor o t ltst orpy o

Mss Edwrds: More Useully Employed: Amelia B. Edwards, Writer, Traveller and Campaigner or Ancient Egypt

(London, 006). On t otr nd, tt t Ps nd Fry mls wr not unknown n Mss Edwrds crcl s

sown y rcord md on 6 Dcmr 1889 y r rnd Kt Brdury (WWWE3, 181) durn tr vst to

t USA. Spkn o tr ost, nc Qukr ldy n Plnld, Nw Jrsy, Brdury nots: Foxs, Pss,

Frys, &c. s knows tm ll! (Moon, prsonl communcton Jun 006).78 Prsonl communcton, Crs Nunton, 17 My 006.79 Susnn Ps rmrks to s cldrn: H ws muc ntrstd n rcoloy nd t mytolos o

vrous ntons wc v m t tst or collctn dols nd non o you wll ort s knowld o

Eyptoloy (Account, 17).80 Tomss wll (dtd 6 Frury 188) dos not mnton s Eyptn mtrl t ll, wc ws prsumly

monst t ousold oods, cttls, urntur nd cts wtr or ornmnt or us (xcpt Plt nd Pltd

rtcls mony nd scurts or mony) s sll n nd out my rsdnc or t tm n t my dcs

qutd to Susnn, wo lso rcvd Cot Bnk tsl or l. Susnns wll (dtd 1 Mrc 1914) s

lso unspcc, mrly drctn tt r urntur ooks pcturs collctons ornmnts cn slvr nd pltd

ojcts dstrutd y r xcutors (Ormston, Edwrd, Mrn, nd Ros) t tr dscrton mon nd

to ll t survvn cldrn o [r] lt usnd nd t usnd or w or ldst cld o suc cldrn . It

would tus ppr tt Ormston my v only cqurd t collcton on s motrs dt, ltou t s not

mpossl tt t could v n vn ovr t som pont durn Susnns ltm. On t otr nd, t ct

tt t prncpl tms (t lst) rmnd t Cot Bnk untl 1919 would ru nst ts.81 Altou on mt tmptd to wondr wtr tt t now-mssn tms rom t 184 Brstol Inst-

tuton dsply (s n. 1) could v lt t t sm tm, tr s no trc o tm n t Ps Collcton. It s

no stl wtsovr, wl t cnopc mtrl dos not nclud jr or ld rsmln tt rcordd n 184.


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s t ormntond spc prolms? Tomss unxpctd dt my tn

v oscurd tr tru sttus, lvn ot t mly nd t Musum utorts

nornt o t story o t cons.

Unortuntly, no mtrl sms to survv wt ny urtr rn on tprolm,8 ltou on wondrs s to wt my v ln nd Ormstons

nsstnc tt t cons sould only lnt, rtr tn dontd. Tus on cn ut

prsnt t cts s ty r currntly known, nd op tt som dt my yt com

to lt tt wll complt t tl o t cons o Iyt nd Try.

Appendix 1: the cofns o Iyhat

Owner:

"s ! son o ps f/ (vr.

/

d) nd Is

`

; Iyts ptrnl

rndprnts wr

=ps nd s

.

Provenance: Toms Grrrd, 184.

1a: the outer cofn o Iyhat

Number:

Brstol Cty Musum & Art Gllry H69 (dstroyd n 1957); c nd ront o

ddrss r proly now H5594.1 (q.v.).

Dimensions and Description:8

Heavy wooden outer con 7 t high [1 cm] 27 inches [185 cm] wide.

There are no fgures on the con or lid. The head portion o the lid is covered with canvas

and plaster, and painted with the usual striped headdress and deep collar. The remainder

o the lid & con has been painted, perhaps in yellow. The inscription on the lid is in

three columns down the middle o the ront, in blue hieroglyphs, with red or blue border

lines. The total width o the 3 columns is 8 inches [0 cm], the middle one being about 3

in [9 cm].

The ace is 8 inches [0. cm] long. There was a beard. The inscription on the body o

the con is a band rom head to oot, along the middle o each side, rom 3 to 4 inches [7.5

to 10 cm] wide; in blue hieroglyphs & red lines.

Etr ts con, or t outr con o Try, contnd on t foor o ts trou

ml ur n prol.84 Ts wll prsumly v n n m o tr Nut

or t Goddss o t Wst, wc s common nsd outr cons o t Twnty-

t/Twnty-sxt Dynsty.85

8 Notn pprntly survvs t t Musum, wl Susnn Pss Account, wl rly dtld out

Tomss l or ty mrrd, s rustrtnly vu out t vnts tr t. Wl rrrn to s mny

ntrsts, notn s mntond o s rltd ctvts, otr tn w o tos concrnn rlon nd crty,

nd olqu mntons o mtn o t Brts Assocton or t Advncmnt o Scnc n Ardn n

1857 nd Conrnc t t Hu soon or s dt.8 T tlczd txt s tkn drctly rom Stntons 195 rcord o t con (s p. 115 ov), rproducd courtsy

Brstols Cty Musums & Arcvs, wt t prsnt wrtrs ntrpoltons n squr rckts nd Romn.84 S p. 109 ov, nd Addndum, pp. 178 low.85 J. H. Tylor, Tn Cons rom t Twnty-scond to t Twnty-sxt Dynsty, n N. Strudwck nd

J. H. Tylor (ds), The Theban Necropolis: Past, Present and Future (London, 00), 117.

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THE JOURNAL Egyptian Archaeology - Plymouth City Council