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Big Idea
• Herbert Hoover’s conservative response to the Great Depression was criticized by many Americans and ushered in the New Deal
Herbert Hoover
• Elected in 1928• Promised to end
poverty• Remained optimistic
about the economy• Pointed to boom and
bust cycle
Hoover’s Philosophy
• Government should play limited role in helping people
• No direct relief for needy
• Rugged Individualism
Hoover’s Philosophy
• Government served to help groups of people cooperate
• Examples• Businesses• Unions• Farmers• Banks
• This cooperation was VOLUNTARY!!!!!!!!!!
The Boulder Dam: A Public Works Program
• Cost 700 million dollars• World’s tallest dam at
the time• Provided water and
energy to cities such as LA and later on Las Vegas
• Created jobs
1930 Midterm Elections
• Democrats captured many seats
• Due to unpopularity of Hoover
• Hoovervilles• Hoover Blankets• Hoover Flags
Cooperatives
• Federal Farm Board• Farmers attempted to keep
some crops off the market
• Wanted to raise prices• Participation: Voluntary
• National Credit Corporation
• Large banks would loan money to smaller ones
• Participation: Voluntary
Direct Intervention
• Federal Home Loan Bank Act
• Lowered mortgage rates for homeowners
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation
• 2 billion dollars given out to businesses
• Promoted job growth and higher wages
Criticisms of Reconstruction Finance Corp.
• Too little too late• RFC was a form of direct
relief for corporations.• Why not people in
need?
• Ask yourself if this was a violation of this philosophy?
The Bonus Army
• WWI vets and their families came to Washington DC
• Demanded their bonus NOW!!!
• $500
The Gassing of the Bonus Army
Hoover ordered 1,000 soldiers to disperse the crowdTear gas used11 month old baby diedHundreds injuredSealed Hoover’s Fate