The First Jewish Revolt (66-73 CE)The First Jewish Revolt (66-73 CE)

Events of the War– Nero, Vespasian, Titus,

Masada

The Book of Revelation

Effects of the Fall of Jerusalem on Judaism and Christianity

Key TermsFirst Jewish Revolt

The Good EmperorsThe Good Emperors

Trajan (98-117)Marcus Aurelius

(161-180)

Key TermsTrajanMarcus Aurelius

The Later Roman EmpireThe Later Roman Empire(c. 200-476 CE)(c. 200-476 CE)

The Rise of Christendom– Roman Economic Decline– Christian Success– Neo-Platonism and Criticism of Christianity– The Decian Persecution (249-251)

Key TermsNeo-PlatonismDecian Persecution

Later Roman Empire (cont’d)Later Roman Empire (cont’d)

The Rise of Christendom (cont’d)– Diocletian (284-305)

Reorganization of Empire The Great Persecution

– Constantine (312-337) Emperorship

– Edict of Milan (313)– Byzantium/Constantinople

Arianism– Council of Nicea (325)

Re-imagining the Relationship Between Church and State

Key TermsDiocletianConstantineEdict of MilanArianismCouncil of Nicea

Later Roman Empire (cont’d)Later Roman Empire (cont’d)

The Loss of Religious FreedomMigrating Barbarians

– Theodosius I (379-395)Christian Intellectuals

– Ambrose– Augustine vs. Pelagius

New Church-State DevelopmentsSeparation of East and West Key Terms

Theodosius IAmbroseAugustine

Later Roman Empire (cont’d)Later Roman Empire (cont’d)

The Western Empire– Honorius (395-423)

Sacking of Rome by Visigoths (410)

– Romulus Augustulus (475-476)

Key TermsRomulus Augustulus

The Byzantine EastThe Byzantine East

OverviewJustinian I (527-565)Heraclius I (610-641)Byzantine ChristianityByzantine PhilosophyThe Slavs

Key TermsByzantine EmpireJustinian IHeraclius I

The Rise of Islam (610-1268 CE)

Pre-Islamic Arabia Political

Organization Religion Mecca

Key TermsKa‘ba

The Rise of Islam (cont’d)

Muhammad Early Life Call to Prophecy Flight from Mecca to Medina As Leader of the Islamic Community

Key TermsshahadaHadith

The Rise of Islam (cont’d)

The Rashidun Caliphate Abu Bakr (632-634) ‘Umar (634-644) ‘Uthman (644-656) ‘Ali (656-661)

Key TermsRashidun Caliphatejihad‘AliFirst Fitna

The Rise of Islam (cont’d)

Shi‘a and Sunni

Key TermsShiaimamSunniSharia

Green: region under the control of ‘Ali

Red: region under the control of Mu‘awiyah

Blue: region under the control of Amr

The Rise of Islam (cont’d)

The Ummayad Caliphate (661-750) Mu‘awiyah I (661-680) ‘Abbasid Revolt

Key TermsMu‘awiyah IUmmayad Caliphate

The Rise of Islam (cont’d)

The ‘Abbasid Caliphate (758-1258)

Key TermsAbbassid CaliphateMamluks