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04/16/2015 1 What was “Bloody Sunday”? In early 1965, Dr. King led a march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. The demonstrators had to start out several times because of police violence. They were only able to continue once they received the protection of federal troops. Americans were able to watch the marchers being clubbed and teargassed on national television. How did President Johnson respond to this violence? He was outraged and immediately summoned a joint session of Congress where he proposed a new voting rights bill. Voting Rights Act of 1965 Echoed the 15th Amendment States prohibited from using any “test or device” to prevent citizens from voting Prohibited poll taxes Authorized special “federal examiners” to register voters White Northerners had fled the inner cities for the suburbs, leaving African Americans behind in decaying urban neighborhoods. Frustrations boiled over into a series of riots Summer 1965 Watts Riots in LA over police brutality 34 people were killed and 900 wounded Summer 1966 Harlem and Chicago Summer 1967 Newark and Detroit Detroit is the worst riot 43 dead more than 1,000 wounded Fires destroyed thousands of buildings before army regained control And then in the Spring of 1968… Dr. King was shot and killed while standing on his hotel balcony in Memphis by a white supremacist This sparked the final summer of rioting Occurred across the nation Worst in Washington, D.C.

The Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968 NEW.pptsolomonr1.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/5/0/17505523/riots_and... · 2019-11-01 · Malcolm X • Preached Islam = Nation of ... Microsoft PowerPoint

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Page 1: The Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968 NEW.pptsolomonr1.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/5/0/17505523/riots_and... · 2019-11-01 · Malcolm X • Preached Islam = Nation of ... Microsoft PowerPoint

04/16/2015

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What was “Bloody Sunday”?

• In early 1965, Dr. King led a march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama.

• The demonstrators had to start out several times because of police violence.

• They were only able to continue once they received the protection of federal troops.

• Americans were able to watch the marchers being clubbed and tear‐gassed on national television.

How did President Johnson respond to this violence?

• He was outraged and immediately summoned a joint session of Congress where he proposed a new voting rights bill.

• Voting Rights Act of 1965– Echoed the 15th Amendment

– States prohibited from using any “test or device” to prevent citizens from voting

– Prohibited poll taxes

– Authorized special “federal examiners” to register voters

White Northerners had fled the inner cities for the suburbs, leaving African Americans behind in decaying urban neighborhoods. Frustrations boiled over into a 

series of riots

• Summer 1965

– Watts Riots in LA over police brutality

• 34 people were killed and 900 wounded

• Summer 1966

– Harlem and Chicago

• Summer 1967

– Newark and Detroit

• Detroit is the worst riot

• 43 dead more than 1,000 wounded

• Fires destroyed thousands of buildings before army regained control

And then in the Spring of 1968…

• Dr. King was shot and killed while standing on his hotel balcony in Memphis by a white supremacist

• This sparked the final summer of rioting

– Occurred across the nation

– Worst in Washington, D.C.

Page 2: The Civil Rights Movement, 1954-1968 NEW.pptsolomonr1.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/5/0/17505523/riots_and... · 2019-11-01 · Malcolm X • Preached Islam = Nation of ... Microsoft PowerPoint

04/16/2015

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Black Power Movement

• Thought the Civil Rights Movement was too slow and limited

• Disagreed with its program of non‐violence and interracial cooperation

Black Power Movement

• Wanted African Americans to:

– take control of their own communities

– fight racism directly

– avoid contact with whites

• Inspired by independence movements of African Nations

Malcolm X

• Preached Islam = Nation of Islam

• Believed African Americans should form separate state because interracial cooperation was impossible

• Fight violence with violence

• “black nationalism” = black self‐government

• Was assassinated in February 1965 when he decided to renounce their ideas

Black Panthers

• Used Malcolm X’s ideas to promote revolution

• Organized by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale

• Wanted to protect black neighborhoods in Oakland, California

• Called for arming African Americans

• Also had many strong social programs

“Black Power”

• Meant different things to different people

1) Call for violent revolution

2) Call for greater appreciation of black culture

• An important aspect of Black Power was sheer pride in being African

– Created the “afro” hairstyle

– New clothing fashions

– Black studies courses and departments at American universities