The Ancient The Ancient IsraelitesIsraelites

Chapter 2 Lesson 4Chapter 2 Lesson 4

IntroductionIntroductionAncient IsraelitesAncient Israelites

• Small kingdoms appeared in Small kingdoms appeared in southwest Asiasouthwest Asia

• Ancestors of the Jewish peopleAncestors of the Jewish people• We learned about them from Old We learned about them from Old

Testament of the BibleTestament of the Bible

Abram to AbrahamAbram to Abraham

• Originally AbramOriginally Abram• Changed his name as a promise to GodChanged his name as a promise to God• Worshipped one God – monotheismWorshipped one God – monotheism• God “spoke” to himGod “spoke” to him• Covenant – Special Agreement with GodCovenant – Special Agreement with God• God told him to go to CanaanGod told him to go to Canaan• Sons: Isaac –Jewish Sons: Isaac –Jewish Ishmael - ArabIshmael - Arab

Moses and the Ten Moses and the Ten CommandmentsCommandments

• Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sonssons

• Jacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors Jacob’s 12 sons and their ancestors became known as became known as IsraelitesIsraelites

• Famine – Went to Egypt for food and Famine – Went to Egypt for food and workwork

• Later enslaved by Egyptian RulersLater enslaved by Egyptian Rulers• Moses led a revolt against EgyptiansMoses led a revolt against Egyptians• Exodus – journey back to CanaanExodus – journey back to Canaan

The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments• Given to Moses from GodGiven to Moses from God• A set of laws for A set of laws for

responsible behaviorresponsible behavior• Sabbath – a day of rest Sabbath – a day of rest

after a week of workafter a week of work• Important part of Important part of

Judaism, Christianity, Judaism, Christianity, and Islamand Islam

• First five books of the First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)Hebrew Bible (Torah)

Israel and JudahIsrael and Judah

• Saul – First King 1020 BCSaul – First King 1020 BC• King David – built up Jerusalem King David – built up Jerusalem

(died in 961 BC)(died in 961 BC)• King Solomon (David’s son) – Split King Solomon (David’s son) – Split

into northern (Israel) and southern into northern (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah)kingdom (Judah)– King Solomon was known for his great King Solomon was known for his great

wisdomwisdom

Israel and JudahIsrael and Judah• Judah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BCJudah–Conquered by Babylonians 586 BC• Judeans were enslaved and exiled to Judeans were enslaved and exiled to

Babylonia.Babylonia.• When Babylon was conquered by When Babylon was conquered by

Persians Judeans were set free.Persians Judeans were set free.• They returned to JerusalemThey returned to Jerusalem• They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin

in northern Israel were no where to be in northern Israel were no where to be found.found.

• Israel was conquered by Assyrians 721 Israel was conquered by Assyrians 721 BCBC

JudahJudah

• Romans came and conquered JudahRomans came and conquered Judah• Judah became JudaeaJudah became Judaea• AD 70 – Romans destroyed the AD 70 – Romans destroyed the

TempleTemple• AD 130 – Judeans kicked out of AD 130 – Judeans kicked out of

JerusalemJerusalem• Jerusalem became Roman Province Jerusalem became Roman Province

of Palestineof Palestine

Movement Through the Movement Through the WorldWorld

• After Babylonian exile, Jews settled After Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout the world – throughout the world – DiasporaDiaspora

• Diaspora - spreading of seedsDiaspora - spreading of seeds• Realized they did not need the Realized they did not need the

Temple in Jerusalem to worship GodTemple in Jerusalem to worship God• Synagogues – a Jewish house of Synagogues – a Jewish house of

worship found all over the worldworship found all over the world