The 2nd INAFOR ˇS PROGRAMME · The 2nd INAFOR ˇS PROGRAMME Celebrating a 100-year Forestry Research in Indonesia Forestry Research for Sustainable Forest Management and Community

The 2nd INAFOR’S PROGRAMME

Celebrating a 100-year Forestry Research in Indonesia

Forestry Research for Sustainable Forest Management and

Community Welfare

Manggala Wanabakti Auditorium Building

Menara Peninsula Hotel

Jakarta, Indonesia, August 27-28, 2013

Contents

The 2nd INAFOR 1 - 5

Programme/Schedule 6 - 9

Paper Presentation 11 - 98

Poster Presentation 99 - 181

FORDA (Forestry Research and Development Agency)Ministry of Forestry - Republic of Indonesia2013

T h e 2 n d I N A F O R ’ s P r o g r a m m e |1

The 2nd International Conference of IndonesiaForestry Researchers(The 2nd INAFOR 2013)

I. Introduction

Indonesia is still facing several issues in managing natural resources

including its forests. The challenges come from internal and external

factors. To some extent, many efforts have been done to achieve a

sustainable management of the forest and forest resources in Indonesia. As

regulated by the Indonesian Constitution, the Government of Indonesia

needs to meet the national goal of achieving people’s welfare. Therefore,

the Ministry of Forestry should focus on managing the forest sustainably

and improve community welfare in the same time.

Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA) has been working for

ten decades to support vision and missions of the Ministry of Forestry. Its

specific task is to improve the role of research and development in

achieving sustainable forest management. One of its strategies is to gather

information and share knowledge in the area of forestry through

dissemination and conferences.

FORDA is not the only organization working in research and development in

forestry area. Several universities, non-government organizations and

international organizations have been working particularly in the same area

in Indonesia. Therefore, the need to gather information and sharing ideas

have become more important, especially to develop better common

understanding to achieve forestry national goals.

2 | T h e 2 n d I N A F O R ’ s P r o g r a m m e

In December 2011, FORDA has conducted the First International

Conference of Indonesia Forestry Researchers (INAFOR) which the main

objective was to gather and share information and knowledge related to

forestry research and development among scientists in Indonesia. FORDA

realised that benefits of the conference were remarkable. So that FORDA

has committed to organize this science meeting every two years.

The 2nd INAFOR is going to be conducted this year coincide with the 100-

year research anniversary in Indonesia. Moreover the 2013 conference is

set up in order to accomplish the preparation of Indonesian forestry

researchers’s involvement in the International Union Forestry Research

Organization World Congress 2014 (IUFRO World Congress 2014). FORDA

and its stakeholders expect this event will be successfull and attending

many scientist and competent participants.

II. Conference Goal and Objectives

The main goal of this conference is to accommodate forestry research

institutes and scientists in Indonesia in order to improve Indonesian forestry

research and development capacity.

The main objectives of this conference are:

1. Bring together forestry scientists from all over Indonesia, to gain

experiences in order to prepare participation in IUFRO World Congress

2014;

2. Provide a forum for exchange of information, ideas, experiences, in a

number of state of the art of forestry research development fields;

3. Build a strong network among researchers and forestry research

institutes in Indonesia.


III. The 2nd INAFOR’S Activities

Activities of the 2nd INAFOR are as follows:

Menara Peninsula Hotel, August 28, 2013

1. International Seminar: oral and poster presentations

Committee has selected 83 papers for oral presentation. The selected

papers will be delivered in eight parallel sessions in eight topic groups.

Each presenter should present their paper in fifteen minutepresentation.

Afterwards, 84 posters will be presented in eight parallel sessions. Each

presenter should deliver his/her five minute presentation in one slide of

presentation.

2. Poster Session

Poster session will be conducted at Merica I Room (2nd floor). Each

poster presenter should be available present beside his/her own poster

in order to share information needed by poster session visitors.

IV. Seminar Topics

1. Forest for people2. Forest biodiversity and ecosystem services3. Forest and climate change4. Forest and water interaction5. Forest biomass and bioenergy6. Forest and forest products for greener future7. Forest health in a changing world8. Others

V. Committee

International Conference of INAFOR is held and organized by Forestry

Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Forestry.


INAFOR Secretariat:

1. Forestry Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Forestry.

Manggala Wanabakti Building Block I 11th FloorJalan Jend. Gatot Subroto JakartaPhone: +622 21 5730398 Fax: +622 21 5720189Website: www.forda-mof.orgE-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]

2. Library of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Jalan Gunung Batu No. 5 BogorPhone: +622 251 7521671 Fax: +622 251 7521671E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]

VI. Theme:

Celebrating a 100 years Forestry Research in Indonesia: Forestry Research

for Sustainable Forest Management and Community Welfare

VII. Keynote Speakers

1. IUFRO Vice-President, Dr. Su See Lee – IUFRO and the coming IUFROWorld Congress 2014.

2. Director General CIFOR – Forest for People: The Political Dimension3. Regional Coordinator ICRAF Southeast Asia Regional, Ujjwal Prasad

Pradhan. PhD – Multifunctional Landscape and Sustainable RuralDevelopment.

4. Director General FRIM, Dato Dr Abd Latif Mohmod – Forest and WaterInteractions.

5. CIRAD, Dr Yves Laumonier – Forest and Food Security.6. Director Tropenbos International, Prof. Dr.R.G.A (Rene) Boot – Land use

Planning and Policy Integration.7. Deputy Director General INBAR, Dr. LI Zhiyong – Forests and Forest

Products for a Greener Future.8. President Yamaguchi University, Prof. Takuya Marumoto – The Role of

Marutaku Sheet and Mycorrhizal Fungi for Rehabilitating DegradedForest in Slope Condition.

9. Hokkaido University, Prof. Mitsuru Osaki – Climate Change and ForestFire in Peat Soil


VI. Time, Venue, and Activities

The 2nd INAFOR 2013 will be held in two consecutive days from 27 to 28 ofAugust, 2013.

Date/Time Venue ActivitiesDay 1 – TuesdayAugust 27, 20138:00 AM – 5:00 PM

Auditorium ManggalaWanabakti BuildingJl. Gatot SubrotoSenayan Jakarta

1. FORDA Centennial CelebrationOpening Ceremony

2. The 2ndINAFOR 2013 OpeningCeremony

3. Keynote speech presentations4. Research results and photo

exhibitions

Day 2 –WednesdayAugust 28, 20138:00AM – 5:00PM

Menara PeninsulaHotel JakartaJl. Letjen S. Parman No.78, Slipi Jakarta BaratTelephone: (+62-21)5350888/Fax: (+62-21) 535 9838

1. Paper – oral presentations2. Poster presentations3. Poster Session4. Closing remarks5. Side Event

VII. Participants

Forestry researchers/scientists, students, lecturers, foresters, forestry

practitioners from private and government, NGOs, and other research and

development institutions related to forestry.


The 2nd INAFOR 2013 PROGRAMMEOpening Ceremony of the 2nd INAFOR 2013 and Centenary Forestry

Research in Indonesia

DAY ONEAuditorium Manggala Wanabakti, JakartaTuesday, August 27, 2013

Time Programme08.00 – 09.00 Registration and research results and photo exhibitions

OPENING SESSION09.00 – 09.10 Welcoming Dance09.10 – 09.15 Opening: Master of Ceremony (MC)09.15 – 09.20 National Anthem Indonesia Raya09.20 – 09.25 Praying09.25 – 09.35 Report: Director General of FORDA09.35 – 09.45 Film: A 100-Year of FORDA09.45 – 10.00 Remarks: Head of LIPI10.00 – 10.15 Remarks: Minister of Research and Technology of Indonesia10.15 – 10.20 Rewards for Best Researchers and MoU Signing Ceremony10.20 – 10.40 Remarks and Opening: Minister of Forestry of Indonesia10.40 – 11.00 Research Results and Photo Exhibitions11.00 – 11.20 COFFEE BREAK

TESTIMONY SESSIONModerator : Lula Kamal

11.20 – 11.40 Testimony Dialog: CIFOR, ICRAF, Tropenbos11.40 – 12.00 Testimony Dialog: Private Sectors and Associates12.00 – 12.20 Testimony Dialog: NGO12.20 – 13.00 LUNCH BREAK

KEYNOTE SPEECH PRESENTATIONSModerator: Ir. Adi Susmianto, M.Sc

13.00 – 13.20 IUFRO Vice-President, Dr. Su See Lee – IUFRO and thecoming IUFRO World Congress 2014

13.20 – 13.40 Director General of CIFOR – Forest for People: The PoliticalDimension

13.40 – 14.00 Regional Coordinator of ICRAF Southeast Asia Regional,Ujjwal Prasad Pradhan. PhD – Multifunctional Landscape andSustainable Rural Development

14.00 – 14.20 Director General of FRIM, Dato Dr Abd Latif Mohmod –Forest and Water Interactions

14.20 – 14.40 CIRAD, Dr Yves Laumonier – Forest and Food Security

14.40 – 15.00 TEA BREAKModerator: Dr. Ir. Bambang Tri, MF

15.00 – 15.20 Director of Tropenbos International, Prof. Dr.R.G.A (Rene)Boot – Land use Planning and Policy Integration

15.20 – 15.40 Deputy Director General of INBAR, Dr. LI Zhiyong – Forestsand Forest Products for a Greener Future


Time Programme15.40 – 16.00 President Yamaguchi University, Prof. Takuya Marumoto

– The Role of Marutaku Sheet and Mycorrhizal Fungi forRehabilitating Degraded Forest in Slope Condition

16.00 – 16.20 Hokkaido University, Prof. Mitsuru Osaki – Climate Changeand Forest Fire in Peat Soil


DAY TWO : Paper and Poster PresentationMenara Peninsula Hotel Jakarta, Wednesday, August 28, 2013

TimeCengkeh 1

RoomCengkeh 2

RoomMerica 2 Room Pala Room Fuli Room Peninsula

RoomJasmine 1

RoomJasmine 4

Room1st Floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 3rd Floor 3rd Floor

08.30 – 09.00 REGISTRATIONSESSION I

PaperPresentation

TOPIC 1Forest for

People

TOPIC 1Forest for

People

TOPIC 2Forest

Biodiversity &EcosystemServices

TOPIC 2Forest


TOPIC 3Forest &

Climate Change

TOPIC 6Forest & Forest

Products forGreener Future

TOPIC 7Forest Healthin a Changing

World

TOPIC 4Forest and

WaterInteraction

Moderator Dr. Rufi’ie Dr. A. FauziMas’ud

Dr. Ir MamanTurjaman, DEA

Ir. AdiSusmianto,

M.Sc

Dr. KirsfiantiL. Ginoga

Dr. I.B.Putera

Parthama

Dr. BambangTri Hartono

Prof. Ris. Dr.Pratiwi

09.00 – 09.15 A-0016 A-0047 A-0005 A-0010 A-0088 A-0056 A-0011 A-001809.15 – 09.30 A-0108 A-0006 A-0007 A-0051 A-0089 A-0098 A-0049 A-005909.30 – 09.45 A-0100 A-0061 A-0097 A-0120 A-0033 A-0032 A-0107 A-002309.45 – 10.00 A-0122 A-0121 A-0081 A-0083 A-0046 A-0085 A-0030 -10.00 – 10.15 A-0105 A-0124 A-0117 A-0093 - A-0103 A-0127 -

10.15 – 10.30 COFFEE BREAK

SESSION IIPaper

Presentation

TOPIC 1Forest for

People

TOPIC 1Forest for

People

TOPIC 2Forest


TOPIC 2Forest


TOPIC 3Forest &

Climate Change

TOPIC 5Forest Biomass

& Bioenergy

TOPIC 7Forest Healthin a Changing

World

TOPIC 8Others

Moderator Dr. EnnyWidyati Dr.Krisdianto

Prof. Ris. Dr.Chairil Anwar

Siregar

Dr. YuliantiBramasto

Dr. HaryatnoD.P.

Prof. Ris. Dr.Gustan Pari

Dr. TitiekSetyowati

Dr. HaruniKrisnawati

10.30 – 10.45 A-0070 A-0063 A-0048 A-0087 A-0041 A-0001 A-0029 A-013010.45 – 11.00 A-0069 A-0091 A-0072 A-0116 A-0082 A-0004 A-0068 A-004411.00 – 11.15 A-0031 A-0092 A-0008 A-0126 A-0138 A-0054 A-0012 A-012511.15 – 11.30 A-0035 A-0132 A-0026 - - A-0037 A-0025 A-005311.30 – 11.45 A-0113 A-0099 A-0111 - - A-0019 A-0102 A-003911.45 – 12.00 A-0013 A-0129 - - - - - A-0074


TimeCengkeh 1

RoomCengkeh 2

RoomMerica 2 Room Pala Room Fuli Room Peninsula

RoomJasmine 1

RoomJasmine 4

Room1st Floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 2nd Floor 3rd Floor 3rd Floor

12.00 – 12.15 A-0027 - - - - - - -

12.15 – 13.30 LUNCH BREAK

SESI IIIPoster

Presentation

TOPIC 1Forest for

People

TOPIC 4Forest and

WaterInteractionTOPIC 5

Forest Biomass& Bioenergy

TOPIC 2Forest


TOPIC 2Forest


TOPIC 3Forest &

Climate Change

TOPIC 6Forest & Forest

Products forGreener Future

TOPIC 7Forest Health in

A ChangingWorld

TOPIC 8Others

Facilitator Dr.Murniati Dr. Hani SittiNuroniah

Dr. BudiLeksono

Dr. LilianaBaskorowati

Dr. NikenSakuntaladewi

Dr. TutiHerawati

Dr. AntoRimbawanto

Dr. I. WayanSusi D.

13.30 – 13.35 A-0058 A-0003 A-0094 A-0028 A-0078 A-0096 A-0002 A-004013.35 – 13.40 A-0076 A-0034 P-0002 A-0036 A-0140 P-0020 P-0001 A-005513.40 – 13.45 A-0106 A-0043 P-0005 A-0042 P-0004 P-0024 P-0003 A-005713.45 – 13.50 A-0141 A-0064 P-0008 A-0050 P-0028 P-0025 P-0009 A-006513.50 – 13.55 P-0007 A-0073 P-0010 P-0023 P-0034 P-0031 P-0018 A-007113.55 – 14.00 P-0019 A-0104 P-0012 P-0029 P-0051 P-0032 P-0026 A-007514.00 – 14.05 P-0036 A-0128 P-0015 P-0033 - P-0035 P-0027 A-007914.05 – 14.10 P-0046 A-0131 P-0016 P-0037 - P-0038 P-0041 A-011214.10 – 14.15 P-0047 P-0013 P-0017 P-0039 - P-0044 P-0042 A-011414.15 – 14.20 P-0048 P-0050 P-0021 P-0040 - P-0077 P-0045 A-013514.20 – 14.25 - - P-0022 P-0043 - - P-0049 A-0139

14.25 – 15.25 POSTER SESSIONMerica I Room (2nd Floor)

15.25 – 16.00 RESUME AND CLOSING REMARKSBallroom Cengkeh (1st Floor)

16.00 – 17.00SIDE EVENT AND COFFEE BREAK

Forest and Climate Changes: Research and Moments in PicturesBallroom Cengkeh (1st Floor)



PAPER PRESENTATION


LIST OF SELECTED PAPERS

Topic 1: Forest For People

No Code Title Authors

1 A-0006 Agroforestry Bambang Lanang: Farmers’’Perception and Behavior in Supporting TheDevelopment of Community Forest inEmpat Lawang Regency

Ari Nurlia, Bondan Winarno danEdwin Martin

2 A-0013 Bee Management And Productivity Of TwoLocal Honeybees (Apis Dorsata Fabr. AndApis Cerana Fabr.) At Riau Province

Avry Pribadi and Purnomo

3 A-0015 Non Timber Forest Product contribution toresearch and sustainable management ofCentral Africa forests: Case of Cameroon

BELOBO MBIA Marguerite, DrWilliam Mala

4 A-0016 Farmers Participation in Land and ForestRehabilitation: A Case Study of UpstreamCiliwung Watershed

Heru Permana and BondanWinarno

5 A-0027 Environmental Wisdom of LocalCommunities Malind Anim Tribes in NaturalResources Management at MeraukeRegion Papua Province

Dendy Sofyandy

6 A-0031 Forest Management Factors Determiningthe Quality of Life Measured by HumanDevelopment Index in Java, Indonesia

Dwiko B. Permadi, Rohman,Ahmad Maryudi

7 A-0035 Local Perception on Land Use Systemsand Biodiversity in a Rubber Plantation ofNorth Sumatra

Elok Mulyoutami, Janudianto,and Hesti L. Tata

8 A-0047 Community Forestry as an Innovation inGovernance for Development in Indonesia

Heni Kurniasih, Rebecca Ford,Rod Keenan, Barbara King

9 A-0061 Impact of Open Access Roads on theTesso Nilo Forest Area, Riau Province,Sumatra-Indonesia

Sri Mariati, Jatna Supriatna,Raldi Hendro Koestoer, andHaryoto Kusno Putranto

10 A-0063 Diffusion of Knowledge: The Patterns ofPolicy Adoption of Protection ForestManagement Unit Kotaagung Utara ofTanggamus Regency of LampungProvince

Julijanti, Bramasto Nugroho,Hariadi Kartodihardjo, DodikRidho Nurrochmat



11 A-0069 Ecological Modernization and SocialEngineering for Implementing REDD+Mechanism at Local Level

Lukas R Wibowo, NikenSakuntaladewi, YantoRochmayanto

12 A-0070 Optimising community-based commercialforestry: Lessons from the farmers andforests of Indonesia

Digby Race

13 A-0084 Role of forest in livelihood strategy in thepeat land of Central Kalimantan ex-megarice project area

Noviana Khususiyah andS.Suyanto(withdrawn)

14 A-0091 Solving “Tebang Butuh” Problem ThroughWeb-Based Information Systems

Purwoko

15 A-0092 Financial and Institutional Analysis of theValue Chain of Jepara Teak Furniture inIndonesia

Rachman Effendi

16 A-0095 Ethnobotany Study of Forest Trees UsefulFor Anti Cholesterol

Resti Wahyuni(withdrawn)

17 A-0099 Tengkawang Diversification Product toImprove the Livelihood Quality of LocalPeople

Rizki Maharani dan AndrianFernandes

18 A-0100 Success Story of Buffer Zone Managementat Kerinci Seblat National Park : LessonLearnt from Pincuran Tujuah Village, WestSumatra

Rozza Tri Kwatrina, M.Bismark, and Reny Sawitri

19 A-0105 The Emergence Issue of understoryManagement in Community Forest

Silvi Nur Oktalina, San AfriAwang

20 A-0108 Community Participation In WaterResource Protection Through CommunityCollaborative Forest ManagementProgram: Case Study Of Kendal ForestManagement Unit, Central Java

Sri Lestari

21 A-0113 Potential Development of Sago(Metroxylon sp) In West Papua as Sourcesof Food And Energy

Susan T. Salosa & EzromBatorinding

22 A-0121 Tilling of State Land by the Society: Caseon Land of Ex KPWN at TejaVillage,Rajagaluh Sub District, MajalengkaDistrict, West Java Province

Tri Sulistyati Widyaningsih andBudiman Achmad

23 A-0122 Looking for A Better Future: TowardsEffective Buffer Zone Management ofSebangau National Park, CentralKalimantan

Tri Wira Yuwati, GerardPersoon and San Afri Awang



24 A-0124 Policies On Smallholder Timber Trade InIndonesia: Disparity Between TheConcepts, Practices And Impacts

Dede Rohadi and Tuti Herawati

25 A-0129 Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP`s)Commodities harvested and sold byindigenous people at local marketsinManokwari, West Papua

Wahyudi

26 A-0132 The Valuable Role of EthnobotanicalKnowledge for Food Resources: a CaseStudy of the Bali Aga Villages

Wawan Sujarwo, Ida BagusKetut Arinas, FrancoisSalamone, I Nyoman Penengand Giulia Caneva

TOPIC 2: Forest Biodiversity and EcosystemServices


1 A-0005 Study on Genetic Diversity of SixPopulations of Instia bijuga (Merbau) usingSSR Markers

Anto Rimbawanto and AYPBCWidyatmoko

2 A-0007 Genetic Diversity, Conservation Status andUtilization Pinus merkusii for OleoresinProduction

Arida Susilowati, Iskandar Z.Siregar, Supriyanto, ImamWahyudi, Corryanti

3 A-0008 Genetic Gain And Projected Increase InStand Volume From Two Cycles BreedingProgram Of Acacia Mangium : ImplicationsTo Plantation Productivity And SustainableForestry In Indonesia

Arif Nirsatmanto, Teguh Setyaji, Sri Sunarti, DwiKartikaningtyas

4 A-0010 Composition of Bird Specieses atPlawangan, Gunung Merapi National Park

Arista Setyaningrum, BambangAgus Suripto

5 A-0026 Tree Breeding Araucaria Cunninghamii toIncrease Productivity of Sap ad Wood

Dedi Setiadi, M.Anis Fauzi andMudji Susanto

6 A-0048 Molecular Phylogeny of Moluccan ShoreaSpecies Inferred from Chloroplast DNASequences and PgiC Nuclear Region

Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat,Koichi Kamiya, Atok Subiakto,Ko Harada

7 A-0051 Camera trapping for sustainablemanagement of IUPHHK-HA

Hiromitsu Samejima, GonoSemiadi, Yuyun Kuniawan,Sarjuni,Yoshihiro Naskashima,Robert Ong,Mamoru Kanzaki,Kanehiro Kitayama



8 A-0072 Conservation of Pine (Pinus Merkusii)Strain Kerinci By Develop Ex-SituConservation Plot

M. Hadi Saputra, S.Hut,Darmawan Edy, Cica Ali, DodoAhmad Suhada

9 A-0081 Molecular Characterization Of GeneEncoding Carboxymethyl Cellulase FromAspergillus niger IPB1

Neo Endra Lelana, NampiahSukarno & Utut Widyastuti

10 A-0083 The Diversity of Ants in Ecosystem Typesin Jambi

Noor Farikhah Haneda andLaura Flowrensia

11 A-0087 Gained Experience Through DirectSeeding of Severaltree Species InDegraded Land In West Java, Indonesia

Nurhasybi dan Dede J.Sudrajat

12 A-0093 Hunting System and People Perception onDeer Coservation Efforts in The WoloTadho Nature Reserve.

Rahman Kurniadi, Kayat, danOki Hidayat

13 A-0097 Genetic diversity of Castor (Ricinuscommunis L.) Germplasm From Indonesiaand Neighbor Countries ThroughMorphological Marker

Memen Surahman, MaryatiSari, Tatiek Kartika Suharsi,and Ria Cahyaningsih

14 A-0111 Growth And Morphological CharacterisiticsOf Acacia hybrids (Acacia mangium x A.auriculiformis) Observed In Clonal Trials:Early Identification Markers of HighProductive Hybrids Tree

Sri Sunarti, Teguh Setyaji, ArifNirsatmanto

15 A-0116 Early Growth And Stand VolumeProductivity of Selected Clones ofEucalyptus pellita

Teguh Setyaji, Sri Sunarti, ArifNirsatmanto

16 A-0117 Genetic Variation nn Early Growth ofJabon (Antocephalus spp.) Observed InFirst-Generation Seedling Seed Orchard

Teguh Setyaji, ArifNirsatmanto, Sri Sunarti

17 A-0120 Diversity of Bats in Coal MiningRehabilitation Site

Tri Atmoko and Ardiyanto W.Nugroho

18 A-0126 Growth variation of pulai (Alstonia sp) atage six years in an ex-situ conservationarea in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

Vivi Yuskianti and Charomaini


Topic 3 : Forest and Climate Change


1 A-0033 Physiological responses of eucalyptspecies to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and[O3] in the future changing world

Eka Novriyanti, MakotoWatanabe, YasuyukiHashidoko & Koike Takayoshi

2 A-0038 Clonal variations of Acer pseudoplatanusvegetative buds in chilling requirements

Eny Faridah(withdrawn)

3 A-0041 The Vulnerability Of Forest CommunityAgainst Climate Change Impacts OnForest Resources Availability

Faiqotul Falah, Noorcahyati,and Septina Asih Widuri

4 A-0046 Characteristics of the root strength ofunderstory vegetation for erosion controlon forest slopes of Kelara watershed,Indonesia

Hasnawir, Laura SanchezCastillo, and Tetsuya Kubota

5 A-0082 Forest Poor Villagers Adapting ToChanging Climate: Achievement AndChallenges

Niken Sakuntaladewi, YantoRochmayanto, Lukas Rumboko

6 A-0088 Biological Diversity Contribution toReducing Carbondioxide (CO2) In theAtmosphere : CO2 Absorption and CarbonSequestration of Tree Species inBOPUNJUR Area-West Jawa, Indonesia

Nuril Hidayati, M. Mansur, TitiJuhaeti

7 A-0089 Phenology, climate, and adaptation: Howdoes Dipterocarps respond to climate?

Nurul L. Winarni, Dewi RatnaKurnia Sari, Diny Hartiningtyas,Meyner Nusalawo, and NikenSakuntaladewi

8 A-0138 Women In Climate Change: GenderRepresentation In Reducing Poverty AndProtecting Livelihood

Yanto Rochmayanto, NikenSakuntaladewi, LukasRumboko Wibowo, PebriyantiKurniasih

Topic 4 : Forest and Water Interaction


1 A-0018 Nusa Penida Critical Karst Island: TheCharacteristics And Prospects ForRehabilitation

Budi Hadi Narendra and OgiSetiawan



2 A-0023 Estimation of Urban Forest Needs to MeetWater Demand in Ambon City

Christy C. V. Suhendy

3 A-0059 Hydrology performance of teak forestwatershed at Cepu, Central Java

Irfan B. Pramono

Topic 5 : Forest Biomass and Bioenergy


1 A-0001 Vegetation Structure and Carbon Stock inTree Biomass and Necromass at SouthernMount Geulis Natural Forest Cianjur, WestJava

Agung Hasan Lukman,Parikesit, Herri Y.Hadikusumah, Ade Rahmat

2 A-0004 Potential Availability of Biomass EnergyFrom Felling Residue For ElectricityGeneration In Remote Areas In Indonesia

Ahmad Budiaman

3 A-0019 Variation of Biofuel Potency from 12Calopyllum inophyllum populations inIndonesia

Budi Leksono, Rina LaksmiHendrati, Eritrina Windyarini,Trimaria Hasnah

4 A-0037 Biomass Increment of Logged-OverSwamp Natural Forest in Riau Province

Emma Soraya

5 A-0054 Estimating The Spatial Distribution Of TheAbove Ground Biomass Derived FromTerrestrial-Based Forest Inventory

I Nengah Surati Jaya, FauziahDwi Hayati, Putu Arimbawa,M. Buce Saleh

Topic 6 : Forest and Forest Product For GreenerFuture


1 A-0032 Effects of Heat-Pressure Treatment onSome Properties of Young-Teak Wood

Efrida Basri and Nurwati Hadjib

2 A-0056 Wood Properties Of Nine Unutilized FastGrowing Tree Species From CentralKalimantan, Indonesia

Imam Wahyudi, Futoshi Ishiguriand Tatsuhiro Ohkubo

3 A-0085 Steam Treated Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP) Novinci Muharyani, T.A.Prayitno and Ragil Widyorini



4 A-0098 Anatomical structure and fiber dimensionsof jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.)and gerunggang (Cratoxylon arborescensBI.) from Sumatra

Rima Rinanda

5 A-0103 Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT)Komposit Polipropilena BerpenguatMikrofibril Selulosa dari Serat TandanKosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pelepah Sawit

Wida B.Kusumaningrum, SasaSofyan Munawar

Topic 7 : Forest Health in a Changing World


1 A-0011 Decolorization of Azo Dyes andMineralization of Phenanthrene byTrametes sp. AS03, a White-rot FungusIsolated from Indonesian Mangrove Forest

Asep Hidayat, Dodi Friantoand Sanro Tachibana

2 A-0012 Preliminary Research: In Vitro Tolerant-plant Selections of Uromycladiumtepperianum (Sacc.) Extract CompoundsIn Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)

Asri Insiana Putri

3 A-0025 A Proposed Model Of TechnicalFrameworkfor Invasive Alien PlantSpecies (Iaps) Management In IndonesianNatural Forest Ecosystem

Decky Indrawan Junaedi,M.Env.

4 A-0029 Pattern of Disease Spread ofGanodermaphilippii Causing Root RotinAcacia MANGIUM Plantation

Desy Puspitasari and AntoRimbawanto

5 A-0030 Utilization of Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr.)Sawmilling Waste For Edible MushroomCultivation Medium

Djarwanto and Sihati Suprapti

6 A-0049 Diversity of Macro-Fungi From Halimun-Salak National Park and Its Prospect AsNutriceutical and Medicines

Hesti L. Tata and EnnyWidyati

7 A-0068 Root-rot in Eucalyptus pellita plantationsand its possible biocontrol

Luciasih Agustini, MoragGlen, eru Indrayadi, DonoWahyono, Fadjar Sagitariantoand Bayo Alhusaeri



8 A-0102 Invasive plant species on wetlands ofWasur National Park, Merauke

Sarah Yuliana, KrismaLekitoo and Titiek Setyawati

9 A-0107 Composting Pulp and Paper's SludgeUsing Fungal Isolates

Siti Wahyuningsih

10 A-0127 Molecular identification of root-rotdiseases in Acacia mangium and otherhardwood plantations in Indonesia

Vivi Yuskianti, M. Glen, A.Francis, A. Rimbawanto andC. Mohammed

Topic 8 : Others


1 A-0039 Community Based Tourism at CikampekForest Area for Special Purpose (KHDTKCikampek)

Eva Rachmawati

2 A-0044 Analysis on Distinguisher ChemicalCompound for Agarwood Qualities

Gunawan Pasaribu, TotokK.Waluyo, and Gustan Pari

3 A-0053 Predicting Future Deforestation using AreaProduction Model and GIS

Hunggul Y.S.H. Nugroho

4 A-0074 Collaborative Conflict Management onEcosystem Restoration (ER) Area:Lessons Learnt From Harapan Rainforest(HRF) Jambi

Mangarah Silalahi and DesriErwin

5 A-0125 The Potential of Remote Sensing forAssessment of Land Susceptibility toDegradation: A Case Study in TapanMicro Catchment

Tyas M. Basuki

6 A-0130 Indigenous knowledge in harvestingandextractingessential oil from the barkofMangesa (Cinnamomum cullilawangBL.)employed by Irarutu etnich, at ManggeraVillage, Kaimana, West Papua

Zeth Womsiwor andWahyudi


ABSTRACTS

TOPIC 1 : FOREST FOR PEOPLE

A-0006Agroforestry Bambang Lanang: Farmers’’ Perception and Behaviorin Supporting The Development of Community Forest in EmpatLawang Regency

Ari Nurlia, Bondan Winarno and Edwin MartinForestry Research Institute of PalembangJl. Kol.H.Burlian Km. 6,5 Puntikayu PalembangE-mail: [email protected]

Development of community forests using local species is one of thesolutions to overcome the lack of wood supply for the community. Localspecies selected are local species that have been tested to produce high-quality wood and well known by the community. Bambang lanang (Micheliacampaka L) is a local wood from Empat Lawang Regency that had beendeveloped traditionally over generations. Bambang lanang can be harvestedmore than ten years, but does not affect the farmers’ willingness to plantbambang lanang. This research is a survey using questionnaire to collectprimary data and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to verify the data andexplore the information obtained. The results showed that farmers’perception of agroforestry bambang lanang quite well which farmers realizethat bambang lanang have not only economic value but also a highecological value. Economically, bambang lanang is used as a mean offarmer investment with minimal input but high return. Bambang lanang canalso be used as a farmer savings for providing unpredictable needs such asfor married needs, building a house and the school cost. While ecologicallyaware farmers’ by planting bambang lanang can withstand erosion andmaintain existing water resources in their area. Farmers’ perception ofbambang lanang positively correlated with their behavior, where themajority of farmers had planted in their farm. Limited land ownership is notan obstacle to plant bambang lanang, it is seen from farmers interest inplanting bambang lanang increase every year. Farmers hope thegovernment's participation in the development of community forestsbambang lanang.

Keyword: bambang lanang, agroforestry, perception, behavior.


A-0013Bee Management and Productivity of 2 Local Honeybees (ApisDorsata Fabr. and Apis Cerana Fabr.) at Riau Province

Avry Pribadi and PurnomoBalai Penelitian Teknologi Serat Tanaman Hutan KuokE-mail: [email protected]

Problem(s). Forest degradation over to plantation forest and palm oil isnot only effected to decrease of amount of Sialang tree (consequentlyreducing the of A. dorsata colony) but also giving unique phenomenon.Presence of Plantation Forest Industry (PFI) in Riau is also affected to A.cerana management . The lack of pollen source is become one the problemof beekeeping in PFI. Objective(s). (1) Informed the bee management ofApis dorsata (honey productivity and comparation between traditionalharvesting to sustainable harvesting method (Purnomo, 2008) and alsopreferences phenomena of Apis dorsata nesting tree) in Riau and (2)informed the honey productivity and its problem of Apis cerana that kept onPlantation Forest Industry tree species (A. mangium and A. crassicarpa) inRiau. Result (s). (1) The species that dominated the deployment of Sialangtree at Riau were Makeluang (n=361), Kayu Ara (n=325) dan Acaciamangium (n=253). Tree that had highest density of A. dorsata colony wereKempas and Julang (average 100 colony/tree). Sustainable A. dorsataharvesting method showed in 28 days after honey harvesting, the A.dorsata colony had established 1050 cm2 the honey cell and 264 cm2 thepollen cell in each colony. (2) Average of honey productivity of Acaciamangium PFI showed 1,17 (2 years) and 1,18 (3 years) liter each A. ceranacolony/month. Meanwhile, Acacia crassicarpa PFI showed 1,18 liter (2years) and 1,22 liter (3 years) each A. cerana colony/month. Effect of lackof pollen source in PFI affected the honey productivity decrease to 61,4%

Keyword: Apis dorsata, Apis cerana, Sialang tree, Plantation ForestIndustry, Bee management


A-0016Farmers Participation in Land and Forest Rehabilitation: A CaseStudy of Upstream Ciliwung Watershed

Heru Permana1), Bondan Winarno2), Takao Katsuki3), and SautSagala4)

1) Staff at Kahayan Watershed Management Unit; Directorate General of WatershedManagement and Social Forestry, Ministry of Forestry;2) Researcher at Forestry Research Institute of Palembang3)Lecturer of Graduate School of Policy Science; Ritsumeikan University4)Lecturer of School of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development; ITBE-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]

The aims of Land and Forest Rehabilitation (LFR) are to maintain forestfunctions and to reach welfare for community surrounding forest area whichconsists mainly of farmers. Consequently, the main actor of LFR isdominated by the farmers. Therefore, farmers participation is essential toimplement LFR programs. The purpose of the research is to describefarmers participation in conducting LFR activities and to improve farmersparticipation in preserving and maintaining forest functions in upstreamCiliwung Watershed, West Java, Indonesia. The research examines aboutfacts and figures in the study location and correlation among socialeconomic variables related with farmers’ participation. Megamendung andTugu Utara Village are selected as the sample to collect data regard tofarmers’ participation. This research use qualitative and quantitativeanalysis. In order to define level of farmers’ participation, scoring methodsare used. Moreover, questionnaire and interviews are used to collect dataabout farmers’ involvement in every stage of land and forest rehabilitationactivities. The result reveals that farmers have high participation due totheir involvement in all stages of LFR (Planning, Implementation,Monitoring-Evaluation, and Utilization). The study is expected to be input forsupporting strategies to enhance farmer participation in developing LFRconsidering socio economic aspects and to increase people awareness inpreserving forest as well.

Keywords: Farmers Participation, Land and Forest Rehabilitation,Upstream Ciliwung Watershed, Indonesia.


A-0027Environmental Wisdom of Local Communities Malind Anim Tribesin Natural Resources Management at Merauke Region PapuaProvince

Dendy SofyandyUSAID-IFACSJalan. Dendeuw, No. 299772, Asmat-Papua, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

This paper was conducted in the area of Local Communities Malind AnimTribe in Merauke Region. Based on Republic of Indonesian Law No.32/2009; about Protection and Environment Management that thepreservation of environmental functions can be done by developing andmaintaining the culture and local wisdom of local communities. Merauke isone of the national investment goals and plans for the establishment ofSouth Papua Province will have an impact on environmental conservation.

Study uses survey methods to technique literature study, observation,interviews and documentation, and then combined with the method of PRAand FGD. Processing and analyzing the data using qualitative analysis.

Malind Anim recognize local communities customary zoning in the legend ofthe creation of human beings based on four cardinal directions, namely;customary "Sosom", "Imoh", "Mayo" and "Ezam" and handed down thisknowledge passed on from generation to generation. Malind Anim can bedivided into sub-tribes based on language use is a sub tribe Marind,Kanume, Yeinan, Khima-ima, Maklew, and Marory Men-Gey. Understandingthe environment is known in the teachings of Totemism where there kinshipbetween nature, humans, plants and animals. Areas that are consideredinclude the preservation of sacred sites, ancestor transits and routes, wherethe mythology, the old village, sago areas, hunting and forest springs.Distribution landscape of Local Communities includes, mangrove areas,swamp forest, and forests.

Keywords: Malind Anim, Environmental Wisdom, Local Community,Totemism, Landscape.


A-0031Forest management factors determining the quality of lifemeasured by human development index in Java, Indonesia

Dwiko B. Permadi, Rohman, Ahmad MaryudiFaculty of Forestry, UGM, Yogyakarta-IndonesiaJl. Agro No. 1, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta

This study explores the factors related to forest management activities thatsignificantly determine the quality of life measured by human developmentindex (HDI) at the level of Forest Managament Unit (FMU). Ten variables aspredictors were examined as represented forest management factors fromplantation to production (3 variables), areas management (3 variables),financial (1 variable), social (3 variables). Using panel data from 43 stateFMUs in East and Central Java, HDI at FMU level were proportionallyadjusted based on 79-regency-HDIs as dependant variable. Multiple linearregression analysis with backward method was used to determine whichfactors significantly determine HDI. It is found that factors determining HDIat FMU level, i.e.: the harvesting areas (production factor), the number offorest user groups (social factors), and total areas of FMU (areasmanagement factor). The first two significant factors positively influenceHDI, while the last factor negatively affected the HDI. The effect of eachvariable and coefficient of determination (R2) of the model is relatively low,meaning that the level of quality of life at FMU is largely determined byfactors outside the forest management factors, which are not mentioned inthis model. Some explanations of this limited role of forest managementfactors are outlined. This research suggests sorts of forest policy to enhancequality of life from technical intervention, such as applying multiple rotationsand pre-commercial thinning, reorganization of FMU whose areas largerthan 40.000 ha. Lastly, participation intervention is suggested by increasingthe number of LMDH based on sub villages or hamlets to increase equitablebenefit shares.

Key words: forest sectors, social welfare, human development index, FMU,forest policy, Java


A-0035Local Perception on Land Use Systems and Biodiversity in a RubberPlantation of North Sumatra

Elok Mulyoutami01), Hesti L. Tata1,2), and Janudianto1)

1) World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Jalan CIFOR, Sindangbarang Jero,Bogor.email: [email protected]; [email protected]) Forest Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Jalan Gunung Batu5, Bogor. Email: [email protected]

Forest area in North Sumatra has declined since many years ago and havechanged to more intensive land use systems, e.g. oil palm plantation,rubber monoculture plantation and smallholder. The study of localperception on land use systems and biodiversity was conducted in sixvillages in Simalungun district, Asahan district, and Serdang Berdagaidistrict, North Sumatra province, to understand local preferences for land-use systems, local perceptions on land-use functions, and values onbiodiversity, using Multidisciplinary Landscape Analysis (MLA) approach. Thestudy showed that smallholder rubber and oil palm were the main sourcesof livelihoods in almost every village, since the two systems were importantas cash income source. All participants perceived that rubber agroforest wasthe most important land use, as it could provide sources of income, foodand environment values. People’s understanding of biodiversity was closelyassociated with livelihood patterns and social life, as biodiversity contributedto their daily needs, and related to specific knowledge. All rubber plotsunder mixed and monoculture systems were perceived as good value inpreventing erosion, while oil palm plots were of relatively low value.Interestingly, people also understood that forest had the highest function asan erosion control as these area are prone to soil erosion due totopography. Local people classified flora and fauna diversity based on theirfunctions, such as food, source of income, fuelwood, construction,medicine, fodder, handycraft and tools, and erosion control. They noticeddifferent biodiversity occured in different land-use types. Rubber agroforestsprovide all needs, e.g. goods and services, for local communities.

Key words: agroforestry, rubber agroforest, Multidisciplinary LandscapeAnalysis (MLA)


A-0047Innovation in Indonesian Community Forestry: UnderstandingInnovation Stages in CF Development

Heni Kurniasih1), Rebecca Ford1), Rodney Keenan1),and Barbara King2)

1) Department of Resource Management and Geography, Melbourne Schoolof Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, [email protected]) Department of Agriculture, Melbourne School of Land and Environment,aThe University of Melbourne, [email protected]

The main drivers for community forestry (CF) in developing countries areachieving development objectives, empowering rural communities andreducing poverty of communities living in or near forests. The process ofchange to achieve development objectives involves a shift at policy level aswell as local level involving various stakeholders interacting at multiplelevels of governance. CF is therefore a form of innovation in governanceand natural resource management. Using an innovation systems approach,this research focuses on the analysis of how innovation in governance takesplace in CF in Indonesia. It aims to identify innovation stages in CFdevelopment. Various case studies of Indonesian CF, chosen from varioustypes of CF in an empirical taxonomy, were analysed against a preliminaryframework that include modalities, processes and outcomes of innovation.The analysis of these approaches shows that innovation in governance of CFoccurs within three stages: policy recognition of access, operationalisationof access, and implementation to achieve outcomes. Within each stage,processes occur separately and outcomes are different; however theprocesses at each stage are connected to other stages. This identification ofCF development stages will contribute to further assessment and mappingof innovation processes in Indonesian CF.

Keywords: Community Forestry, Innovation, Governance, Development,Indonesia


A-0061Impact of Open Access Roads to Deforestation of Tesso NiloForest, Sumatra, Indonesia

Sri Mariati1), Jatna Supriatna1,2), Raldi Hendro Koestoer1), andHaryoto Kusno Putranto1)

1) Graduate Program on Environmental Science, and2) Department of Biology and Research Center for Climate Change,University of Indonesia

Tesso Nilo forest (377,387 hectares), is located in the Riau province ofSumatra island, Indonesia. It is home to endemic and charismatic wildlifespecies including Sumatran elephants, Sumatran tigers, and many othermammals, birds and reptiles. This forest block consists of Taman NasionalTesso Nilo (Tesso Nilo National Park), Production Forest areas belong to 2companies, and a small Recreation Park. It is also one of the mostimportant mixed peat swamp forest that has been degraded requentlywith burned forests and peats during dry season. The smoke from forestfire in Tesso Nilo has spread into several countries such as Malaysia andSingapore on yealy bases. For that reason, Indonesia Government hasbeen trying to manage this forest block from forest destruction,encroachment and forest fire. Those problems were started because ofseveral weakness on regulation such as uncertainty on laws related to theforest governance, weak on law enforcement, unclear on the gazetment ofthe park and forest block borders, uncoordinated in planning among thosewho manage the forest, and open access roads. The encroachment andforest burning has changed the forest rapidly especially when roaddevelopment crisscrossing adjacent of the park. Here we track changes inforest cover before and after road construction using GIS and remotesensing imagery. The criscrossed roads in the Tesso Nilo Forest had beendeveloped by private sectors from South to North (Baserah road along 50km built in 2001-2002 with average 20 meters wide), and from East to West(Ukui road along 28 km built in 2004-2005 with average 20 m). Those roadshave been used to transport forest products from the pulp and papercompanies that reside around the park. Based on our study is confirmedthat deforestation in 2000 (1-5.7%) and increased significantly in 2012(>91%). Deforestation has occurred in the former logging concession areaof Nanjak Makmur, in the current logging companies of Siak Raya Timberand Hutani Sola Lestari, and also in the Tesso Nilo National Park. Somesuggestions are made for lowering this rate and by doing so slowing rate offorest loss and reducing the frequency of forest fire and haze off shore.

Keywords: Roads Impact, Deforestation, Tesso Nilo Forest, Riau, Sumatra,Indonesia


A-0063Diffusion of Knowledge: The Patterns of Policy Adoption ofProtection Forest Management Unit Kotaagung Utara ofTanggamus Regency of Lampung Province

Julijanti1), Bramasto Nugroho2), Hariadi Kartodihardjo3), DodikRidho Nurrochmat2)

1) Students of Graduate School of Forest Management Science, IPB2) Lecturer in Faculty of Forestry of IPB3) Professor in Faculty of Forestry of IPB

Forest Management Unit (FMU) is a forest management unit on site levels,that believed as an institution be able to realize the ideals of the Ministry ofForestry, namely sustainable forest and prosperous society. To build a FMU(i.e. the Protection FMU Kotaagung Utara) requires a decision makingprocess of policy, that is involving stakeholders. This process can bedescribes the pattern of diffusion of knowledge that occurs in amongstakeholders, so it will be known the progress of its adoption. This diffusionprocess will be describes the progress of its adoption. The researchobjective are identifying and analyzing the developmental pattern of theProtection FMU Kotaagung Utara development in Tanggamus Regencythrough the progress of its adoption. This study uses both of qualitative andquantitative approaches, with primary and secondary data sources. Analyseswere performed by using: (1) numerical analysis, which is a technique oftable facet and graphs; (2) socio-spatial analysis, which is a logical diffusionwith considering the element of space (the social context) and time. Theresults showed that (1) diffusion of knowledge in the decision-makingprocesses of development policies of Protection FMU Kotaagung Utara ofTanggamus Regency has been reached 100 percent; (2) the factors areinfluencing in successful of the policy adoption, among others: (i) diffusionof knowledge is influenced by networking among stakeholders, (ii) role ofopinion leaders, which is influencing the other stakeholders to adopt FMU,(iii) a willingness of stakeholders is knowing and understanding of the FMUsconcept, (iv) clarity of management rights; (3) support of stakeholders tothe policy decision makers is essential, especially if it is followed by legality(regional policy) and action; (4) confirmation toward the developmentpolicies of FMU is amount of 27.27 percent for the Protection FMUKotaagung Utara. This confirmation can be a limiting factor to the successin the policy implementation, among others, namely legitimacy ofmanagement rights, leadership ability of Head of Protection FMU KotaagungUtara, and sufficient authority.Keywords: Diffusion of knowledge, decision-making processes of policy,

FMU


A-0069Ecological modernization and social engineering for implementingREDD+ mechanism at local level

Lukas R. Wibowo, Niken Sakuntaladewi, Yanto RochmayantoThe Centre for Climate Change and Policy Research and Development(PUSPIJAK)Jalan Gunung Batu No. 5 Bogor IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

The ecological modernization is actually part of the political frame of globalgovernance that willing to the presence of environmental managementtransformation, including better global forestry governance. However, socialchange and transformation requires more than just the rules, regulationsand procedures creation. In fact, the relationship between the state and itssociety living around and inside the forest in the process of negotiationswhen designing REDD plus is more dominated by the State. One of theproblems is probably very difficult for national Governments to involve theisolated community in domestic decision-making. As a result, theirinvolvement is more represented through trans-national advocacy coalition.This paper tries to review and examine social engineering process in theframe of ecological modernization in the lens of local perspectives.

Keywords: ecological modernization, climate change, social engineering,

and adaptation


A-0070Optimising community-based commercial forestry: Lessons fromthe farmers and forests of Indonesia

Digby RaceThe Fenner School of Environment and Society – The Australian NationalUniversity, Canberra, ACT, Australia; andThe Faculty of Forestry – Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

The global trajectory of community-based forestry indicates it is ofincreasing importance to the wider forestry sector. Indications of thisimportance are that: nearly 1 billion people rely on some form of forestproducts for their daily livelihoods, an increasing area of forest is undercommunity-based control or management (more than twice the area ofindustrial forests), and an increasing array of policy and administrativemechanisms focus on community-based forestry. The experience ofcommunity-based forestry in Indonesia reflects many of the broadinternational trends. This presentation will report on research that hasexplored the socio-economic dimensions of community-based commercialforestry in Indonesia since 2005, and will present findings that relate to: a)the importance of forestry to rural livelihoods, yet of uncertain commercialvalue; b) the link between silvicultural options and commercial returns; andc) the implications for advisory and support services for farm families whenmen focus on forest silviculture and women manage the commercialtransactions. Results from this research are informing local strategies toenhance the viability of community-based forestry, so that commercialforestry can be viewed as a desirable mainstream enterprise by more ofIndonesia’s farmers.


A-0091Solving “Tebang Butuh” Problem Through Web-Based InformationSystems

PurwokoSenior Researcher at the Ministry of Finance, Republic of IndonesiaFiscal Policy OfficeRM. Notohamiprodjo Building Jl. Dr Wahidin no. 1, Jakarta 10710E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]

The purpose of conserving community forests and improving the farmers’welfare can be disturbed when they facing funding problems. Farmersusually cut down and sell the growing trees before the harvest period tosolve funding problems, known as “tebang butuh”. This pattern is not onlydisrupt the forest conservation, but also detrimental to the owner, becausethe timber is usually sold at below market price. The purpose of thisdescriptive study is to solve “tebang butuh” problems with the support ofinformation systems (IS).This web-based IS putting forest farmer groups as the main entity in thesystem. They responsible for managing forest trees planted by itsmembers. Farmer groups periodically update the forest trees data torepresent the progress of trees growth. The system also records everytimber trading transaction made by farmer groups, as the basis data oftimber market price.With the IS support, the ownership of forest trees can be transferred toanother person without having to cut down the trees, through an on-linetrading transactions. The web-based IS broadens the buyers, not only forestfarmers community, but also urban community and foreigners. This methodenables the farmers to continue growing the trees until the harvest time.Wider communities are able to own forest trees without having land.Farmers can solve their fund problem when they need it. The profit gainedat harvest time is shared between the new trees owners, farmers, andfarmer groups. This system enables all stakeholders to enjoy additionalrevenue at the harvest time. In addition, the government does not need toallocate budget for solving tebang butuh problems.

Keywords: “tebang butuh”, funding problems, conservation, web-basedinformation systems


A-0092Financial and Institutional Analysis of the Value Chain of JeparaTeak Furniture in Indonesia

Rachman EffendiResearch and Development Center for Climate Change and Policy,Jl. Gunung Batu No.5, Bogor, Indonesia,Tel: + 62 0251 8633944, [email protected]

Most of furniture industry in Indonesia especially in Jepara District iscategorized as small and medium enteprises. Which have been contributingforeign exchange and create job opportunity. The existence of principal-agent relationship among actors in the chain has affected on imbalancedvalue added distribution which is the situation dis-incentive for actors. Thisstudy aims to identify the institutions along the teak furniture value chainand determine the policy scenarios that can encourage the sustainability ofteak furniture industries in Jepara. The primary data was collected throughinterviews in Jepara. The analyses of data involve identification of actorsand institutions in the chains and benefit cost analysis consisting of NPV,BCR and IRR. The results showed that (1) Actors who are involved in Jeparateak furniture consists of a few actors who are in or outside Jepara.Partnerships that occur in the Jepara teak furniture industry is a principal-agent relationship. (2) The craftsmen (agent) to produce his furniture morebased on the buyer's order (principal), In such situation asymmetricinformation happens causing the position of craftsman and teak growers asprice takers. (3) All business activities along the value chain of teakfurniture by any actor to be developed and are effective as indicated by thevalue of NPV> 0. BCR> 1 and IRR> interest rate (12%). The policies thatcan be applied is the policy incentives for private forest farmers, promotingproducts and capacity building of craftsmen, building cooperative amongthe furniture producers.

Keyword: Value chain, teak furniture, principal-agent


A-0099Tengkawang Product Diversification to Improve the LivelihoodQuality of Local People

Rizki Maharani and Andrian FernandesDipterocarps Research CenterJl. A.W. Syahranie 68 Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]

Tengkawang fruit business only exists in Kalimantan, particularly in WestKalimantan. Unfortunately, trading monopsony results in extremely lowprice of tengkawang fruit, IDR 1,000 to IDR 2,000 / kg of fresh fruit. Theresearch aims to create tengkawang fruit product diversity in order toincrease local people income. Tengkawang fruits as the raw material for thisresearch were taken from Sanggau, West Kalimantan. The result showedthat low quality of tengkawang fruit can be utilized as handycraft, andbetter quality of tengkawang fruit can be processed into several kinds offood such as ice cream topping, brownies and tengkawang peyek crackers.Tengkawang used in the study only has 1,36% of free fat acid (FFA) thus itis save to be consumed because the FFA is less than 5%. Local people canproduce and sell these various kind of products diversification directly tocustomers and reduce the dependence to the merchants.

Keywords: tengkawang, product diversification, improve livelihood, localpeople, free fat acid


A-0100Success Story of Buffer Zone Management at Kerinci SeblatNational Park: Lesson Learnt from Jorong Pincuran Tujuah, WestSumatra

Rozza Tri Kwatrina, M. Bismark, and Reny SawitriResearch and Development Center of Conservation and RehabilitationJl. Gunung Batu No. 5, 16610 Bogor, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected],

Forest communities are often blamed as the cause of forest destruction.Kompas data on October 2012 said as many as 42,000 hectares of landdegraded due to encroachment made by people in Kerinci Seblat NationalPark. It has lasted more than ten years, and even began to involve largeinvestors. But behind these facts, the Jorong Pincuran Tujuah, one of thebuffer zone villages, shows that not all the people cutting the forest, on thecontrary successfully manage natural resources and actively together toprotect the forest. This paper describes the concept of buffer zonemanagement, and successful example of the management of buffer zone inKerinci Seblat National Park. Jorong Pincuran Tujuah is a picture ofcommunities that have high awareness to manage and conserve naturalresources. In 1998, the Jorong Pincuran Tujuah get assistance from theWorld Bank through the Integrated Conservation Development Program(ICDP), and the Department of Animal Husbandry. Awareness of thecommunity to meet the needs of living independently even managed to getthe award Kalpataru in 2012. Policy of conservation village model in theMinistry also strongly supports the conservation village development. Allneed to be supported by strong commitment, applicative programs, andfostering sustainable land management in the form of agroforestry,livestock and beef by-products such as biogas, compost, and ponds. Somekey points of success Jorong Pincuran Tujuah in buffer zone of KerinciSeblat National Park are consciousness away from forest dependence,economic independence, as well as active in conservation efforts.

Keywords: buffer zone, ICDP, conservation agreement, Kerinci SeblatNational Park


A-0105The Emergence Issue of Understory Management in CommunityForest

Silvi Nur Oktalina1), San afri Awang2)

1) Lecturer of Vocational School The University of Gadajah Mada, Graduatestudent of Forestry Faculty The University of Gadjah Mada2) Lecturer of Forestry Faculty The University of Gadjah Mada

Long rotation of community forest is one of constraint to developcommunity forestry. While farmer needs income every year even everydayto fulfill their daily needs. Multi Purpose of Trees Species (MPTS) selectionthat produce not only woods is one of strategy for the famer. Anotherstrategy is agroforestry technique that combines trees and crops or tolerantunderstory in one land. This combination can produce more products sofarmer can diversified the product and yield into several time. The cropsproduce for short rotation while trees yield for long rotation. The objectivesof this research are to identify land use system of community forest and tocalculate the understory contribution in community forest for farmer incomein Kulon Progo. By knowing the understory contribution we can analyze theimportance of understory to the farmer. The method of this research issurvey. Data collection was done in 2012 by observation, householdinterview with 30 respondents and indepth interview with key informant.The research findings are land use system of community forest in KulonProgo is agroforestry with mixture random technique. Understorycombinations consist of agricultural crops, herbs, timber estate thatdominated by cloves and trees that dominanted by albizia. The farmerincome structure consist of 23 % form tember estate, 22% from wood,14% from understory, 11% from livestock and 30% from other. The highnumber of contribution from understory and shorter harvesting periode ofunderstory compare to trees or timber estate is the benefit for the farmerto fullfill the farmer needs in the short term. Based on research finding wecan conclude that recently management and optimizing of understrory isvery importance strategy for the farmer to diversify the product and incomemanagment from community forest so their livelihood will increase.

Key words: community forest, contribution, understory, agroforestry,livelihood, Kulon Progo


A-0108Community Participation in Water Resource Protection throughCommunity Collaborative Forest Management Program: CaseStudy of Kendal Forest Management Unit, Central Java

Sri LestariForestry Research Institute of PalembangMinistry of Forestry of IndonesiaJl. Kol. H. Burlian Km 6.5 Puntikayu Palembang - South Sumatra, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

This paper aims to examine the role of community in water resourceprotection in Kendal Forest Management Unit, Central Java, throughCommunity Collaborative Forest Management Program (known withacronym PHBM) that is launched by Perum Perhutani. Furthermore, thispaper also seeks to observe what factors affect community participation inthe program. Field observation and primary data collection throughinterviewing the respondents with random sampling are performed toexamine the eagerness of community to engage in the program. Todetermine what factors affect community participation in the program,logistic regression is applied. By implementing PHBM program, PerumPerhutani together with the community can improve the function of forest interm of ecological services, such as fresh air production, groundwatersustainability, flood prevention and landslide protection. The improvementof forest land capability in storing groundwater and diminishing thepossibility of flood can be achieved after this program is launched. Most ofthe community revealed that after they participated in the program, theyalways have clean water and fresh air even in the dry season. Theregression analysis result shows that the number of family member of thehousehold, household’s knowledge about benefit mechanism, and PerumPerhutani advices to the community are significantly affect communityeagerness to participate in PHBM program. Indirectly, it is also affects thewillingness of people to get involved in water resource protection activity.

Key words: Community participation, water resource protection, andcommunity collaborative forest management program.


A-0121Tilling of State Land by the Society: Case on Land of Ex KPWN atTeja Village, Rajagaluh Sub District, Majalengka District, WestJava Province

Tri Sulistyati Widyaningsih and Budiman AchmadAgroforestry Technology Research Institute of CiamisJl. Raya Ciamis-Banjar Km 4 Pamalayan, PO BOX 5 Ciamis 46201E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

The existence of vacant state land will trigger people who lean primarily onagricultural activities but not have the land, to enter and tilling that stateland. This study aimed to describe the process of tilling of state land bysociety. Research was a case study on the land of Ex Koperasi PerumahanWanabakti Nusantara (KPWN) in Teja Village, Rajagaluh Sub District,Majalengka District, West Java Province on February-December 2012.Samples were taken with survey method on 70 person tiller of land exKPWN in Teja Village. Data were collected through interviews, observation,and documentation, which were processed and analyzed descriptively. Themajority of respondents aged 40-49 years and elementary education. Tillingof the land have been done by respondent since 1970 when status of thatland as plantation concession and more widespread in 2009 after the landwas indicated abandoned by the Regional Office of State Land Agency ofWest Java Province. The public use the land for farming activities such astimber planting and food crops with an average area of 0.35 ha. Therevenue of Rp 1,376,595 per year can be obtain by respondent from thatland and another positive impact like the increased of availability of water,forest security, and reduced fire. The majority of respondents did not knowabout the status and the holder of the land. Their motivation to tilling onthe land are as follow: 26% follow others, 23% fulfill the needs of families,10% given by the committee, and 10% reforestation.

Keywords: tilling of land, state land, land of ex KPWN


A-0122Looking For A Better Future: Towards Effective Buffer ZoneManagement of Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan

Tri Wira Yuwati1), Gerard Persoon2) and San Afri Awang3)

1) Banjarbaru Forestry Research Institute, Jl. A Yani km 28.7 Landasan Ulin,Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia,E-mail: [email protected]) Department of Cultural Anthropology and Developmental Sociology,Faculty of Social and Behavioural Science, Pieter de la Court Building,Wassenaarseweg 52 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands3)Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah MadaUniversityJl. Agro Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Sebangau National Park is an area of 568,700 ha that holds one of thelargest known remaining orangutan (Pongo pigmaeus) populations; locatedin the southern part of Central Kalimantan Province; and serves as one ofthe last remaining peat swamp forests in Kalimantan. Effective buffer zonemanagement is one of the answers to conserve the peat swamp forestresources due to the high dependency of the local people in 46 villagessurrounding Sebangau forest. This research aimed to determine aspects ofconsideration in formulating buffer zone management plan at SebangauNational park. The research was approached with case study in threevillages of Sebangau National Park namely Baun Bango, Tumbang Ronenand Sebangau Permai. The research was carried out with qualitativemethod. The result showed that there were few aspects of consideration informulating buffer zone management plan at Sebangau National Park,namely: the development of alternative livelihoods and their markets, thesupply of alternative natural resources for their basic needs of fuel andconstruction woods, awareness raising of Sebangau conservation program,enhancing the participation of local people in the planning and developmentof buffer zone management plan, enhancing the communication betweenPark authority, WWF, local government and villagers, increasing thecapacity of local economy institution and enhancing the capacity of BalaiTaman Nasional Sebangau.

Keywords: Co-management, protected areas, buffer zone, SebangauNational Park


A-0124Policies On Smallholder Timber Trade In Indonesia: Disparitybetween the Concepts, Practices and Impacts

Tuti Herawati and Dede RohadiCentre for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and DevelopmentJalan Gunung Batu No.5 Bogor – 16620, [email protected]; [email protected]

Smallholder timber plantations increasingly play important roles in forestrydevelopment in Indonesia. The government has made various efforts toencourage development of these plantations, among others throughproviding access to state forest lands, supporting seedlings and much otherassistance to farmers for growing timber. On the other side, however,government also implements timber trade administration system or PenataUsahaan Hasil Hutan (PUHH) and Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS).These two regulations have not been well implemented and potentiallyreduce people's interest in timber plantation business. This paper concernswith these two regulations and trying to clarify on what aspects and whythese two regulations are not yet effectively implemented. The paper alsoquestioning whether these regulations will effectively support in achievingtheir goals to motivate farmers in timber plantations business and preventillegal logging from state forests. This paper analyzed those regulationsthrough clarifying the underlying conceptions of the policies, theirimplementation practices, and their impacts to smallholder timber plantationbusiness. The paper applied content analyses to the regulations, collectingsome factual examples in the implementation practices and discusses thepotential outcomes to smallholder timber plantation business. Based onlessons learnt from several smallholder timber plantation cases, theanalyses showed that the policy conceptions on smallholder timberadministration were very much driven by state forest perspective on forestconcession system. This perspective was also reflected on the TLASregulation, where government concerns on smallholder timber trade werevery much focused on the prevention of illegal logging, which is not veryrelevant with smallholder timber business. The paper concludes that theGovernment of Indonesia needs to revise the regulations to give morerooms for smallholder to develop competitive business in timber plantations.In particular the paper recommends differentiating administration systembetween state and private forest products, to ensure optimal achievementin supporting smallholder timber plantations development in the country.

Keywords: smallholder timber plantations, policy analyses, timberadministration system, TLAS


A-0129Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP`s) Commodities harvested andsold by indigenous people at the local markets in Manokwari, WestPapua

WahyudiLab. of Wood Science and Forest Products, Fac. of Forestry,The State University of PapuaGunung Salju, Amban, Manokwari (98314). West Papua.Telp/Fax: +62986211065, 211364 email: [email protected]

The richness of biodiversity of tropical forests provides substantiallylivelihood necessities, demands of the most forest people at the developingcountries, and it includes an under-valued, neglected or even minor forestcommodities called as Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP,S). In facts, theseforest commodities plays a key role for the entirely livelihood of the forestpeople, as they could supply and provide daily necessities, ranging frominstant and alternative income, medicine, energy, vegetables and food, andother sources of important nutrients, such as protein, vitamins and so on.This paper highlights the diversity of NTFP,s harvested and sold by theindigenous people of Papua at traditional market in Manokwari, West Papua.Two local markets were selected for gathering the data, intensive interviewand field visits have been conducted to collect data and information needed.The results indicated that there are nine varieties of vegetables, fourdifferent foods, seven fruits commodities, four traditional products used formedicinal purposes, two handmade handicrafts, and three traditionaladdictive commodities. The indigenous people of Papua represents fromBiak, Serui, Manokwari, Wondama, and Jayapura, who sell these NTFP,scommodities, mostly are women. Mostly, the marketed NTFP,s is originallyharvested and collected from surrounding forest areas, either primary orsecondary forests at Manokwari. For food commodity, Banana is the mostfavorable commodity for both the forest people because there are hugedemand, as well as customers, as they could be processed for severalfoods products. Sago (Metroxylon spp) is the only food commoditiessupplied from outside, mainly from Wondama, Biak, Jayapura, and Serui.December is the highest demand for Sago at Manokwari due to Christmasand New Year events. The NTFP,s sold at Manokwari are harvested fromthe forest, and no cultivation efforts have been put into practiced, exceptfor fruits commodities such as Rambutan, Durian, Langsat, Avocado, andMarkisa. Matoa is the only fruit, which is not cultivated by the forest peopleat Manokwari. Sarang semut and Daun gatal are two medicinalcommodities, which are sold as raw material, while Buah merah and Kulitlawang roots are sold in the sealed bottles or processed products. Fromseven shops, there are only two owned by indigenous people, who sell


medicinal commodities, but they are just selling without involvement inprocessing this medicinal plant into processed products. Two handmadehandicrafts are Papua`s traditional comb, locally known as Sisir bambu, andBroom made from bone leaves of Sago (Metroxylon spp), Nipah (Nypafructant), and Aren (Arenga spp). Traditional and alcoholic beverage fromAren is sold in secretly, while two addictive commodities are sold widely notonly at the local market but also at any opened public places. In summary,NTFP`s clearly give incomes and provide daily needs for local customers,mainly for vegetables and foods, as well as create unskilled jobs to theforest people at Manokwari, mainly for women. However, for sustainableand future harvesting and supply, cultivation of these NTFP`s are veryimportant issues to be considered. The local government, forest institutions,universities, and others could work together to solve these obstacles.

Keywords: Non-Timber Forest Products, local market, indigenous people,and West Papua


A-0132The Valuable Role of Ethnobotanical Knowledge for FoodResources: a Case Study of the Bali Aga Villages

Wawan Sujarwo1,2), Ida Bagus Ketut Arinasa1), FrancoisSalamone2), I Nyoman Peneng1) and Giulia Caneva2)

1)“Eka Karya” Bali Botanic Garden - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)Candikuning, Baturiti, Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia 821912) Department of Science, the University Roma Tre, Italy2) Viale G. Marconi 446 Rome, [email protected]; [email protected]

Balinese ethnobotanical knowledge (BEK) is a form of human capital thatcan play a vital role in enhancing food security, and maintaining biologicaldiversity in agro-ecological regions of Bali Island. Bali Aga village refers tovillages where the descendents of the traditional inhabitants of Bali live.This study provides an overview of the role of ethnobotanical knowledge insecuring food resources. The study revealed BEK could enhance foodsecurity through dietary diversification, improved garden yields, and greaterresilience to ecological stress. A sufficient stock of ethnobotanicalknowledge reduces dependence on the food marketplace. The benefits ofethnobotanical knowledge also extend to agriculture by protecting thegenetic foundation of modern varieties and maintaining a pool of croppingtechniques that may help improve yields, reduce resource consumption, andbe more resilient to climate change, insects, disease, drought, and flooding.The vast majority of ethnobotanical studies have concentrated onindigenous cultures that are still actively engaged in the use ofethnobotanical knowledge. As a knowledge base that can play a valuablerole in achieving local food security, it exists could provide a usefulsupplement to existing food security strategies at the national and locallevels; and maximize its contribution to sustainable development.

Keywords: ethnobotanical knowledge, Balinese, food resources, Bali Agavillage


TOPIC 2: FOREST BIODIVERSITY AND ECOSYSTEMSERVICES

A-0005Study on Genetic Diversity of Six Populations of Instia bijuga(Merbau) using SSR Markers

Anto Rimbawanto and AYPBC WidyatmokoCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement [email protected]. id

Merbau (Intsia bijuga) is one of the most valuable timbers of South EastAsia and has been heavily logged that threatened its sustainability. The aimof the study is to examine genetic diversity of 6 populations from Malukuand Papua, such information would be useful for conservation work. In thisstudy, 59 alleles from 4 SSR primers were used to investigate geneticdiversity of the species. The SSR primers used in this study were developedfor Intsia palembanica. Number of alleles of the 4 primers varied between 8to 19, indicating a high discriminating power of the selected primers. Meangenetic diversity was 0,762. Distribution of genetic diversity withinpopulation was higher (88%) than between populations (12%). Based oncluster analysis, the two geographic origins of Maluku and Papua areseparated. In the Papua populations there was a spatial differentiation. Theimplication of this study in the context of genetic conservation of thespecies is also discussed.

Keywords: merbau, genetic diversity, SSR, conservation


A-0007Genetic Diversity, Conservation Status and Utilization Pinusmerkusii for Oleoresin Production

Arida Susilowati1), Iskandar Z. Siregar2), Supriyanto2), ImamWahyudi3), Corryanti4)

1) Coordination of Private University Region I North Sumatera-Aceh(Kopertis Wilayah I Sumut-NAD),Jl. Setiabudi Tanjungsari, Medan.Email:[email protected]

2) Silviculture Departement, Faculty of Forestry Bogor AgriculturalUniversity, Jl. Lingkar KampusFaculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680

3) Forest Product Departement, Faculty of Forestry , Bogor AgriculturalUniversity Jl. Lingkar Kampus, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor AgriculturalUniversity, Bogor 16680

4) Research and Development of Perum Perhutani. Puslitbang PerumPerhutani, Jl. Wonosari Tromol Pos 6, Batokan Cepu Jawa Tengah.

Pinus merkusii is an important forest tree species planted in Indonesia dueto the considerable value of its wood, which is excellent for sawn-timber,furniture, boxes and paper comparable with other species. In consideringwith the changes in forestry paradigm at early 2000 from wood to nonwood oriented, oleoresin became more valuable product to developed sothat recently tree improvement program in Perum Perhutani focused in highresin production. The objective of the reseach were to get informationabout morphogenetic character and conservation status of high resin yielderP. merkusii using phenotypic observation and molecular based marker. Theresult on morphogenetic characterization found high value of coefficientgenetic variation (CGV: 21.6%), narrow sense heritability for individual h2:0.580.08), different allelic pattern, heterozygosity value (He:0.551 andHe:0.545) and clustered with normal producer. This research showed thatdominan genetic role in resin production character of P.merkusii andgenetically high resin yielder are different from normal resin producer, sothat tree improvement program for oleoresin production was prospectiveway to developed for solved resin productivity problems and sustained resinproduction export. Maintain genetic diversity through allowing gene flowand new infusions of genetic materials still needed to broaden genetic gainof high resin yielder for future improvement and conservation strategies.

Keyword: Pinus merkusii, resin yielder, diversity, improvement,conservation


A-0008Genetic Gain and Projected Increase in Stand Volume From TwoCycles Breeding Program of Acacia Mangium : Implications toPlantation Productivity and Sustainable Forestry in Indonesia

Arif Nirsatmanto, Teguh Setyaji, Sri Sunarti, Dwi KartikaningtyasCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Research (CFBTI)Jl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar km. 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, D.I.YogyakartaTelp. (0274) 895954, (0274) 896080, e-mail: [email protected]

Two cycles breeding program of Acacia mangium was practiced by Centerfor Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Research. Althoughimproved seed from the breeding program have been used in operationalplantation, the real amount of gains in productivity was not verified togetheryet. This study was aimed to observe realized genetic gain and projectedincrease in stand volume from the two cycles breeding of A. mangium, andto discuss the implications on plantation productivity and sustainableforestry in Indonesia. Improved seed from first and second-generation seedorchard were tested together with an unimproved seed in genetic gain trialin West Java, with spacing of 3 x 3 m. Measurements were done at threeyears ages for height, dbh, and stem volume. Realized genetic gain wascalculated as the percentage increase of improved seed over theunimproved one. Results of study showed that improved seed performedbetter growth than the unimproved with realized gain of 5-24% (height), 3-44% (dbh) and 11-90% (stem volume). Improved seed from second-generation outperformed that from the first-generation, with animprovement of 6-16% (height), 3-26% (dbh) and 20-53% (stem volume).Genetic gains increased with increasing ages for height, but it tended todecrease for dbh and stem volume. At given site and silvicultural practices,projected increase in stand volume at 8 years rotation reached 290-325m3/ha, which is equal to 30-50% of gains. The uses of high geneticallyimproved seed, in combination with intensive silviculture, would providesignificant impacts on plantation productivity and sustainable forestry inIndonesia.

Keywords: Acacia mangium, first-generation, second-generation, geneticgain trial, stand volume, realized genetic gain, productivity, sustainableforestry.


A-0010Composition of Bird Specieses at Plawangan, Gunung MerapiNational Park

Arista Setyaningrum1&2), Bambang Agus Suripto2*)

1)Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. 2)Matalabiogama. * adviser

Gunung Merapi National Park (GMNP) located in Java island, around Merapivolcano, Indonesia. GMNP has some ecosystem type, include tropical rainforest. One of tropical rain forest at Gunung Merapi National Park located inPlawangan hill. Plawangan hill was not affected directly when Merapivolcano erupted in 2010. Plawangan has 3 main routes, they are: TlogoNirmolo, Tlogo Putri and Puncak. There was research about birds diversitydue at April-Mei 2010 that taken in 2 routes (via Tlogo Nirmolo and TlogoPutri). At 2012 was held the same study about birds diversity in Plawanganon three routes. It compares between two researches on two choosenroutes and composition of bird species based on their feeding type. Thisstudy used point count method with 30 observation stations and taken twicefor each station. The result of this study, found 45 specieses from 22families. Shanon-Wiener index show 2,64 (range 1-4) it mean at Plawanganhas a medium diversity of bird. At 2012 were found 38 specieses in tworoutes, whereas at 2010 there were 70 specieses found. Twenty onespecieses were refound at 2012. The birds grouped base on their feedingtype. In Plawangan has six feeding type of bird: Insectivore, granivore,frugivore, nectarivore and omnivore. Insectivore compose 46,21 % of birdcommunity, carnivore 1,42%, granivore 24,85%, frugivore 5,006% ,nectarivore 0,87% and omnivore 21,5%.

Key word : Composition, Birds, Plawangan, Gunung Merapi National Park


A-0026Tree Breeding Araucaria Cunninghamii to Increase Productivity ofSap and Wood

Dedi Setiadi, Mudji Susanto dan M. Anis FauziCenter for Biotechnology and Forest Tree Improvement YogyakartaJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55 582.

Araucaria cunninghamii is one of Indonesian native forest plants that have ahigh potential for various uses. A. cunninghamii wood has long been usedfor a wide range of spectrum use of wood, such as paper and pulp,plywood, veneer, panel, flooring, carpentry and wood frame. In addition,this type contains a sap that has a high economic value to the production ofturpentine. It is also reported that compounds in Araucaria species can beused as cures of various diseases, including headache, fever, pain frommenstruation, and wound healing muscle, and anti-cancer. Noting thepotential of sap Araucaria species mentioned above, the research anddevelopment needs to be done on the potential node A.cunninghamii as rawmaterials, particularly as anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, some of the activitiesthat support these goals is the development of sap technique, sap contentanalysis that serves as an anti-cancer drug, the analysis of the content ofthe sap for other purposes (drugs, cosmetics and turpentine) and theanalysis of the number and content of the sap variation among individualsand populations. To get superior productivity, it has been done a series ofactivities with the establishement of the breeding seedling seed orchard(SSO) A.cunninghamii in Bondowoso, East Java in 2002 involving geneticmaterial from three provenances (Nerwah, Mr. and Tumbii) as many as 28families. Overall of the above information is needed for the development ofA.cunninghamii future potential as anti-cancer drug and other uses.

Keywords: Araucaria cunninghamii, sap, wood, tree breeding, productivity


A-0048Molecular Phylogeny of Moluccan Shorea Species Inferred fromChloroplast DNA Sequences and PgiC Nuclear Region

Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat1), Koichi Kamiya2), Atok Subiakto1), KoHarada2)

1)Conservation and and Rehabilitation Research and Development Center,Forest Research and Development Agency – Ministry of Forestry, Jln.Gunung Batu No. 5 Bogor – [email protected]; [email protected])Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566 JAPAN

A large family of massive trees, Dipterocarpaceae is a dominant andimportant timber species found in tropical forests. The family includes over500 species in 17 genera. Previously, general identification is based onmorphology, wood anatomy, palynology, and fossil record. However, morerecent years the use of DNA as molecular marker is suitable fordiscriminating closely related species. Shorea selanica and Shorea assamicassp. koordersii are species within the genus Shorea, which grow ineasternmost-range of distribution in Dipterocarpaceae. S. selanica areknown as endemic species only found in Moluccas islands, while S. assamicassp. koordersii are found in wider area including Sulawesi and thePhilippines and grouped in Shorea White Meranti. We collected four samplesof S. selanica originated from Arboretum Conservation and Rehabilitation ofResearch and Development Center, while three samples of S. assamica ssp.koordersii were collected spanning their distribution in Moluccas islands.Three chloroplast DNA regions: trnL-trnF, trnH-trnK, psbC-trnS, and onenuclear PgiC region were determined for constructing molecular phylogenyof the Moluccan Shorea species. Alignment of the matrix used ofphylogenetic analysis for chloroplast regions contained 4363 bp while fornuclear regions contained 1638 bp. As expected based on taxonomicclassification, S. selanica was nested within the Red Meranti clade, while S.assamica ssp. koordersii was within the White Meranti clade.


A-0051Camera Trapping for Sustainable Management of IUPHHK-HA

Hiromitsu Samejima1) ,Gono Semiadi2), Yuyun Kuniawan3), JasonHon, Yoshihiro Nakashima4), Robert Ong5), Mamoru Kanzaki6),Kanehiro Kitayama6)

1)Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Japan

[email protected])Puslit Biologi LIPI, Bogor

3)WWF Indonesia, Kutai Barat Program. Address Jl. Pattimura – Barong

Tongkok, District of Kutai Barat4)Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan

5)Sabah Forest Research Center, Malaysia

6)Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan

Forests managed under IUPHHK-HA (Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Hasil HutanKayu dalam Hutan Alam) covermost of natural forest in Kalimantan.Therefore, balanced management of the economic activity and biodiversityconservation is important to maintain the rich regional biodiversity. For thispourpose, we propose an inventory and monitoring system for diversity ofground mammals and birds in the concession using automatic cameras(camera-trap).

Keywords: Sustainable Forest Management, Biodiversity Inventory &Monitoring, Camera Trapping, Mammals, Ground bird


A-0072Conservation of Pine (Pinus Merkusii) Strain Kerinci by DevelopEx-Situ Conservation Plot

M. Hadi Saputra, S.Hut, Darmawan Edy, S.Hut, Cica Ali, ST, M.Si,Dodo Ahmad SuhadaBalai Penelitian Kehutanan Aek NauliJalan Raya Parapat KM 10,5 Simalungun - Sumatera UtaraEmail: [email protected], [email protected]

Pinus merkusii strain Kerinci is one of pine species that grows naturally insouth across the equator untill 2oS. By the time, Pinus merkusii strainKerinci became scarce. The scarcity are considered to: 1) the low naturalregeneration ability, 2) land use forest convertion by the community withillegal logging, and 3) reduced genetic of Pinus merkusii strain Kerinci byPinus merkusii strain Aceh plantation around it’s natural habitat. It isnecessary to conserve the Pinus merkusii strain Kerinci from scarce bydevelop ex-situ conservation plot. Genetic material was explore in theirnatural habits in Bukit Tapan, Pungut mudik, and Bukit Terbakar, KerinciRegency, Jambi Province and then cultivate in nursery of Balai PenelitianKehutanan Aek Nauli. Ex-situ conservation plots were develop in Sipiso-piso,Tanah Karo Regency and KHDTK Aek Nauli, Simalungun Regency, both ofthem in North Sumatra Province. Result showed that live percentage ofPinus merkusii strain Kerinci after plantation was quite high at 96,37%. Withintensif maintanance, ex-situ conservation plot can be succeed and Pinusmerkusii strain Kerinci scarcity can be overcome.

Keywords: Pinus merkusii strain Kerinci, ex-situ conservation


A-0081Molecular Characterization of Gene Encoding CarboxymethylCellulase From Aspergillus niger IPB

Neo Endra Lelana1), Nampiah Sukarno2) & Utut Widyastuti2)

1)Centre for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and Development,Bogor. E-mail: [email protected])Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathmatics and Natural Sciences,Bogor Agriculture University

Since cellulose is the most abundant biomass in nature, an enzyme thatcapable to degrade cellulose, known as cellulase, has been receivingconsiderable attention in industrial, environmental and agricultural. In thefuture, this enzyme will get more attention due to increasing on issue ofbioethanol production from cellulosic material. There are three types ofcellulase enzyme, namely exoglucanase, endoglucanase and glucosidase.Molecular approach is one of the best tools to increase enzyme activity inorder to meet the needs of the world enzyme market. In this study, geneencoding endoglucanase or carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase), known aseglA was characterized. This gene consists of 720 bp nucleotides andencoded 239 amino acids. Based on amino acids deduction, this enzyme didnot have a carbohydrate binding module (CBM). Based on the comparisonof homologous structures with the known structure and catalytic residuesthat have been defined, the residues that play a role in the catalytic functionof this enzyme, which were predicted as a nucleophile Glu116 and Glu204,were predicted as a proton donor. While glycosylation site predicted bindingsites are composed of Trp residues (positions 22, 49, 51, 85, 120, 144), Tyr(61, 98, 115) and Phe (163, 179).

Keywords : Aspergillus niger IPB1, CMCase, gene


A-0083The Diversity of Ants in Different Ecosystem Types in Jambi

Noor Farikhah Haneda dan Laura FlowrensiaDepartment of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural UniversityJl. Raya Darmaga, Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680, INDONESIAE-mail: [email protected] , [email protected]

One of the most dominant animals in Tropical Forest Ecosystems is ants(Formicidae). This insect made large forming colonies and occupying animportant position in the food web as predators and scavengers. They alsohave a role in controlling the population of phytophagus insect. However,the relationship between forest and ant species diversity is not yet definitelyrecognized. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity andcommunity structure of Formicidae in different ecosystem types. Formicidaewas collected using pit-fall trap from four ecosystem types, namely Oil PalmPlantation, Rubber Plantation, Jungle Rubber and Secondary Forest inJambi. The Ants was identified up to subfamily. The result shows that therewere five subfamilies which are Dolichodorinae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae,Ponerinae, and Pseudomyrmycinae. The most dominant subfamily fromeach ecosystem types was Formicinae. Ants that found in jungle rubber wasthe most abundance compare to other ecosystem types, even in thesecondary forest. It can be estimate that the Formicinae abundance washigher in the combination between monoculture systems and forest, whereabundance of plants species is may high enough.

Keywords: Formicidae, Oil Palm Plantation, Jungle Rubber, SecondaryForest


A-0087Gained Experience Through Direct Seeding of Severaltree Speciesin Degraded Land in West Java, Indonesia

Nurhasybi dan Dede J. SudrajatForest Tree Seed Technology Research InstituteJl. Pakuan, Ciheuleut, P.O.Box 105 Bogor, Telp./Fax : 0251 – 8327768

Rehabilitation of degraded land usually conducted by planting seedlings but,direct seeding may be an alternative way of accelerating forest recovery andsuccession processes. This study investigated the effects of various seedand sowing treatments on the early establishment and growth of directseeding of forest tree species in Parung Panjang, Bogor, West Java,Indonesia. This research used seven forest tree species, i.e. Acaciamangium, A. crassicarpa, A. aulacocarpa, Intsia bijuga, Maesopsis emenii,Melia azedarach, and Gmelina arborea. Seeds from each species weresowed with factorial design. The seed was sowed on under tree stands andin open area in the way of : (1) the untreated seeds were sown on the site–soil surface, which had been left uncleared, (2) the untreated seeds weresown on the site –soil surface, which had been holed with 2 – 3 cm depth,cleared and loosened, (3) the untreated seed were sown on the site-soilsurface which had been cleared and loosened, (4) the treated seeds,afterwards sown on the site –soil surface, which had been cleared andloosened, and (5) the treated seeds, afterwards sown on the site–soilsurface, which had been holed with 2 – 3 cm depth, cleared and loosened.The results showed that A. crassicarpa, A. mangium, A. aulacocarpa, M.eminii, and G. arborea were potential for direct seeding implementation.The Acacias species were better in the open areas, while the other specieswere better under tree stands. Acacia as small seeded species could growquickly, and the seedling growth of these was found to be negativesignificantly affected by the growth of weeds, and M. azedarach and I.bijuga as large seeded species were often rather slow to grow so theyrelatively could not be competed with weeds. The best germinationpercentage and seedling growth were achieved by the implementation ofseed treatment and followed by seed sowing on the site surface which hadbeen holed with 2 – 3 cm depth which had been cleared and loosened aswell as with seed sowing. Direct seeding can be a promising method for treeplanting, but the identity of species to be used, the circumstancemanipulation and the appropriate timing of sowing will vary with situations.

Keywords : degraded land, direct seeding, forest tree species,rehabilitation, seed sowing.


A-0093Hunting System and People Perception on Deer CoservationEfforts in The Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve

Rahman Kurniadi, Kayat and Oki HidayatForestry Research Institute of KupangJln. AlfonsNisnoni No 7 Kupang85115 NTT, Indonesiaemail :[email protected]

Timor deer (Cervustimorensis) is the wildlife that has manybenefits.Deerhornscanbe usedas atraditional medicine. Deer meat is used asa protein source. While the skin is used as a souvenir. Because Deer havethese benefits, many deer are hunted by people. Deer hunting causes thedeer population has decreased continuously. The study aims to determinethe system of hunting deer and to know the people perception on deerconservation efforts. The study was conducted in the WoloTadho NatureReserve. The data was collected by interview. Respondents were selectedpurposively. Respondents selected as many as 26 people who live aroundthe WoloTadho Nature Reserve. The results showed that hunting is done forone time within a year. The hunt is related to the local traditional rituals inthe past. Deer hunting is only followed by the local community. People usethe simple equipment. They use snares. However, Deer hunting is followedby hundreds of people from different regions now. Hunting is difficult tocontrol. Deer hunting cause forest fires because people use fire forhunting. People perception about deer conservation efforts is pretty good.Generally, they know that the deer is a protected animal and support deerconservation efforts.

Keywords: Deer, Wolo Tadho Nature reserve, perception


A-0097Genetic diversity of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) germplasmfrom Indonesia and neighboring countries through morphologicalmarker

Memen Surahman1), Maryati Sari1), Tatiek Kartika Suharsi1), andRia Cahyaningsih2)

1Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, BogorAgricultural University (IPB) Bogor, West Java, IndonesiaTelp/Fax. (0251) 8629 353 E-mail: [email protected] for Plant Conservation - Bogor Botanical GardensIndonesian Institute of SciencesBogor, West Java, Indonesia

Genetic diversity of the castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) from Indonesiaand neighboring countries is evaluated based on morphological andagronomic characteristics during vegetative and generative growth phasesin the field at the time of exploration. Exploration was carried out in threeprovinces namely West Java, East Java and West Nusa Tenggara. Castorbean acquired from neighboring countries was germplasm belonging to PT.Better Earth Green Energy, a company in West Nusa Tenggara. The resultsof exploration obtained 56 castor bean accessions. Observation showedthat 56 accessions had morphological characteristics with high variability.Petiole length is the characteristic that has the most extensive range value(50). Variability value reaches 98. A dendogram of qualitative morphologicaltraits showed that at 72 similarity levels, the 56 accessions could beclassified into three main groups. This indicated that the genetic diversity ofcastor bean accessions observed is low. Genetic transformation andmutation are ways to increase genetic variation of castor beans.

Keywords: Ricinus communis L., characterization, morphological marker,cluster analysis, castor bean


A-0111Growth And Morphological Characterisitics of Acacia Hybrids(Acacia Mangium X A. Auriculiformis) Observed In Clonal Trial:Early Identification Markers of High Productive Hybrids Tree

Sri Sunarti , Teguh Setyaji, Arif NirsatmantoCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement ResearchJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, D.I.YogyakartaE-mail : [email protected]

Acacia hybrids (Acacia mangium x A. auriculiformis) breeding program inCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement was initiated in1999 through natural hybridization. Artificial hybridization through controlledpollination was then practiced in 2004, in which the parents for crossingwere collected from selected plus trees in first-generation (F-1) seedlingseed orchards. Acacia hybrids seed was then tested in field to observe thegrowth performance. The purpose of this study is to observe early growthand morphological characteristics of Acacia hybrids tested in a clonal trial,and to develop early identification markers of high productive hybrid trees.Forty-four clones of Acacia hybrids multiplied through vegetativepropagation were tested in the trial in Central Java using incomplete blockdesign, single tree-plot, 20 replications and spacing 3 x 3 m. Observationwas done at two years age involving height, diameter, stem volume, andmorphological characters of branching and leaf patterns. The results ofstudy showed that significant differences among the Acacia hybrid cloneswere detected in growth traits. Of the 44 clones, stem volume from 15clones was above the total mean test (> 0.005 m3). The best three hybridsclones exceeded the best performing improved F-2 of pure A. mangium by6-17% indicating the stronger heterosis. The top performance of Acaciahybrids clones could be identified with a similar pattern in morphologicalcharacteristics of branching and leaf. The implications of these results onearly identification of high productive hybrids tree are discussed briefly.

Key words: Acacia hybrids, Acacia mangium, Acacia auriculiformis, clonaltrial, growth, morphological characteristics.


A-0116Early Growth And Stand Volume Productivity of Selected Clones ofEucalyptus pellita

Teguh Setyaji, Sri Sunarti, Arif NirsatmantoCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15 Purwobinangun , Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582Yogyakarta, Indonesia.e- mail : [email protected]

Tree improvement program for Eucalyptus pellita in Center for ForestBiotechnology and Tree Improvement (CFBTI) was started in 1994. Theprograms are now beginning their third-generation of breeding which haverelied on recurrent selection through establishing open-pollinated seedlingseed orchard. Using current technologies, several Industrial ForestCompanies in Indonesia are pursuing clonal forestry program with E. pellitato increase plantation productivity using selected clones fromcomprehensively field testing. This study was aimed to evaluate the earlygrowth and stand volume productivity of selected clones of E. pellita as apart of a breeding program for pulpwood conducted by CFBTI. Two clonaltrials of E. pellita were established in Central Java with two different plotconfigurations: single tree-plot and multiple tree-plot. Measurement at thetrials was done at two years age involving tree height, diameter, stemvolume and stand volume. The results of study showed that among theclones were significantly different for all traits accessed. All of tested clonesexceeded the control seedling of F-1 generation by 9-50% for height, 10-36% for diameter and 22-137% for stem volume. Clone repeatabilityranged from 0.7-0.9, with corresponding individual ramet repeatabilityranged from 0.2-0.4. The outperformed of the best three selected clones insingle tree-plot trial was consistent when planted in multiple tree-plot trialwith stand volume productivity at given age reached 15 m3/ha.

Key words: Eucalyptus pellita, clone, clonal forestry, growth, stand

volume.


A-0117Genetic Variation On Early gwrowth of Jabon (Antocephalus spp.)Observed in First Generation Seedling Seed Orchard

Teguh Setyaji, Arif Nirsatmanto , Sri SunartiCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15 Purwobinangun , Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582Yogyakarta, Indonesia.e- mail : [email protected]

Considering the fast growth, acceptable the wood properties and adaptableto the site planting, two species of jabon: jabon putih (Antocephaluscadamba) and jabon merah (Antocephalus macrophyllus), showed greatpotential as alternative species for pulpwood. Breeding program of thesespecies has been initiated by the Center for Forest Biotechnology and TreeImprovement through exploring genetic materials which was then followedby establishing first-generation seedling seed orchard (SSO). The purpose ofthis study was to evaluate the genetic variation on early growth of jabonputih and jabon merah which is observed in first-generation SSO. Theorchards of the two species were established in Central Java and East Java.Measurements were conducted at two years age for Jabon Putih and at oneyear for Jabon merah, involving tree height, diameter, and stem form. Theresult of study showed that significant difference among tested families wasdetected in the orchards for all traits of the both species. For jabon putih,the average of height, diameter and stem form were 4 m, 5.2 cm and 2.6,respectively with family heritability were 0,3 for height, 0,4 for diameter and0,15 for stem form. In case jabon merah, the average of height, diameterand stem form was 3.8 m, 5 cm and 2.6, respectively with family heritabilitywere 0,6 for height, 0,6 for diameter and 0.09 for stem form. High geneticvariation on growth traits in the both species indicated that high potentialfor genetic improvement could be achieved through selection in the seedlingseed orchard.

Key words: Jabon, Anthocephalus cadamba, Antocephalus macrophyllus,genetic variation, pulpwood, alternative species, growth


A-00120Diversity of Bats in Coal Mining Rehabilitation Site

Tri Atmoko and Ardiyanto W. NugrohoInstitute of Research for Technology of Natural Resources ConservationJl. Soekarno-Hatta Km 38 Samboja Po.Box 578, Kalimantan Timur,INDONESIAe-mail: [email protected]

The expectation of the coal mine rehabilitation technique aims to generatequickly and naturally succession. Bats have important role on seedsdispersal and plants pollination, therefore the presence of bats in the coalmining rehabilitation area is very important. The purpose of this study wasto measure the bats diversity in a coal mining rehabilitation area. Thisresearch was done by installed mistnets at the three age levels at therehabilitation area. The results showed there were 5 species of bat belongto 3 families. Generally, the diversity indices (H’) of bat at the study sitewas 1,57. The most dominant species were fruit bats species named Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus brachyotis Müller), Dusky Fruit Bat (Penthetorlucasi Dobson) and Common Dawn Bat (Eonycteris spelaea Dobson).Frequency of catched bats by mist nets increased by the increased of theage of the plant rehabilitation. Highest of its frequency occurred in the areaof rehabilitation with plant age 8 years.

Keywords: Bat, diversity, plant rehabilitation, coal mining, mist net


A-0126Growth variation of pulai (Alstonia sp) at age six years in an exsitu conservation area in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

Vivi Yuskianti, Charomaini and Ari FianiCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar km 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

Pulai (Alstonia sp) collected from six populations in Indonesia (one fromWest Sumatera and five from eastern Indonesia viz West Nusa Tenggara,Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), Bali, South Sulawesi and Kupang) wereplanted in an ex situ conservation area in Petak 93 Playen Gunung Kidul. Atage six years, their survival, total height, diameter at breast height (DBH)and volume were measured. The data were analyzed using analysis ofvariance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Rate test. High survival wasobserved for all populations (74.5% in average). High correlationcoefficients among the characters indicated a close association with eachother. Pulai from West Sumatera had the best growth performance; WestNusa Tenggara, TTS, Bali and South Sulawesi were intermediate; Kupangwas the worst. Growth was more influenced by climate type than thegeographical position of the populations.

Key words: Pulai (Alstonia spp), ex situ conservation, growth variation


TOPIC 3 : FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

A-0033Physiological responses of eucalypt species to elevatedatmospheric [CO2] and [O3] in the future changing world

Eka Novriyanti1), Makoto Watanabe2), Yasuyuki Hashidoko2) &Koike Takayoshi2)

1)Research Institute of Fiber Technology of Forest Plants2)Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan

We grew three eucalypt species in open top chambers to test theirresponses to elevated [CO2] and [O3]. The growth and biomass of threeeucalypts were not significantly affected by elevated [CO2] despitenoticeable change in the physiological traits. Presumably, the slightlyincreased photosynthetic rate allocated assimilates more to defensechemical, since total phenolics and total tannin were increased by elevated[CO2]. The three eucalypts seems to be insensible to elevated [O3], sincewe found no significantly difference in the growth and physiological traits.Nevertheless, further investigation revealed that elevated [O3] haddistinguished the conspicuous concentration of particular chemicalcompounds suspected to role as defense against harmful elevated [O3].This study also confirm the compensation effect of elevated [CO2] to lessenthe effect of [O3] represented by the concentration of particular chemicalcompounds.

Keywords: elevated [CO2], elevated [O3], OTC, eucalypt, physiologicalresponse


A-0041The Vulnerability of Forest Community Against Climate ChangeImpacts on Forest Resources Availability : Case Study in EastKalimantan

Faiqotul Falah, Noorcahyati, and Septina Asih WiduriResearch Institute of Natural Resources Conservation TechnologyJl. Sukarno Hatta Km 38 Samboja PO Box 578 Balikpapan 76112,East Kalimantan, Indonesia

The climate change phenomenon is suspected causing a shift in the pattern,quantity and quality of forest products used by indigenous people. Poorindigenous people will have a high vulnerability to the impacts of climatechange on the forest products availability. This paper aims to describeassessment results of the vulnerability and the factors affecting vulnerabilityof forest communities on the availability of forest resources. Data collectedin the villages around three forest areas in East Kalimantan province, i.a.Swan Slutung (Gunung Lumut Protection Forest, Paser Regency), KedangIpil (around production forest area in Kotabangun, Kutai KartanegaraRegency), and Setulang (Long Ketrok Protection Forest, Malinau Regency).This research was conducted by the following steps: 1) collection ofsecondary data and desk study, 2) interviewing the forest community andfield observations; 3) stakeholders consultation; 4) vulnerability levelanalysis using IPCC formula; and 5) formulating adaptation strategy. Theresearch result showed that the vulnerability level of traditional forestcommunity toward climate change impact on forest resources availabilitywas high in Kedang Ipil and Swan Slutung, but low in Setarap village. Thehigh exposure, high sensitivity and low adaptive capacity occured mainlydue to bad economic condition of the forest community, high dependencyon the forest products, and local government policies that tend todeforestation and lack of support for the forest resources conservation.Enhancing the adaptive capacity will require the support of localgovernment policy to improved forest and land management systems(reactive adaptation).

Keywords: vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity, traditionalforest community


A-0046Characteristics of the root strength of understory vegetation forerosion control on forest slopes of Kelara watershed, Indonesia

Hasnawir1), Laura Sanchez Castillo2), and Tetsuya Kubota3)

1)Forestry Research Institute of Makassar, Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia([email protected])2)Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, KyushuUniversity, Japan3)Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Japan

Soil erosion is one of the most serious environmental issues inIndonesia. The watershed soil erosion is one of the biggest concernswhen our objective is to circumvent erosional processes. This demandus an increasing on the demand of the application of vegetativemeasures for erosion prevention and other environmentalconservation. It can be understood that for some cases theapplication of vegetative measures for erosion control are moreeffective because they are ecologically friendly, lower in cost and easyin techniques compare to engineering control. The objective of thisstudy is to find out the pull out tensile resistance force of understoryvegetation species suitable for erosion control in forest slopes. Thestudy was conducted in Kelara watershed, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.In order to investigate the pull out resistance force, thirty plantspecies with different sizes were randomly chosen. Before carryingpull out tests, soil surface around the plant was carefully cleared fromlitter exposing stem base. One end of a strong string was tied aroundthe stem base of the plant and another end was connected to ahand-held portable Push Pull Digital Gauge AIKOH Model RX-100. Theresults show that the species with deep rooted with lateral spreadinghave shown greater pull out resistance and are considered to besuitable species for erosion control and to decrease the negativeimpacts on forest slopes, such as surface erosion or shallowlandslides in the study area.

Keywords: Soil erosion, forest slope, understory vegetation, erosioncontrol, root strength


A-0082Forest Poor Villagers Adapting to Changing Climate: Achievementand Challenges

Niken Sakuntaladewi, Yanto Rochmayanto, Lukas RumbokoCentre for Research and Development on Climate Change and Forest PolicyJl. Gunung Batu no. 5 BogorEmail: [email protected]

With the millions of rural villagers living from agriculture and fishery,Indonesia is very vulnerable to a climate change. They bear the brunt ofclimate changes and inhabit some of the most at-risk landscape. The needto adapt to the unpredictable changing climate is gaining importance forthem to survive. This paper discusses about various adaptation strategies ofthe forest poor villagers and the gaps to develop effective adaptation at thelocal levels. Forest villagers living in the coastal area of West and CentralJava provinces, and mountainous area of West Sumatera and West Papua,and the dry area of Nusa Tenggara and Central Sulawesi were interviewed.Data were analyzed using qualitative method. The study showed that thesevillagers mostly realized that their lives were getting insecure. They didadaptation, ranging from reactive to anticipatory form of adaptation, withand without the help of others. Some of the key challenges found in thesestudy areas were a lack of regional climate models, little knowledge of theseforest villagers on climate change and their lack of access to climateinformation, lack of vulnerability assessment, less consideration of climatechange on the government development program, varying local governmentcapacities, and little integration across sectors.

Key words: climate change, adaptation strategy, forest poor villagers


A-0088Biological Diversity Contribution to Reducing Carbon Dioxide (CO2)In the Atmosphere : CO2 Absorption and Carbon Sequestration ofTree Species in BOPUNCUR Area-West Java, Indonesia

N. Hidayati, M. Mansur, T. JuhaetiResearch Center for Biology- The Indonesian Institute of Sciences - LIPIJl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911E-mail : [email protected]

Biological diversity can make a significant contribution to reducing the build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Tree species form an essentialpart in the functioning of the terrestrial biosphere, especially in the carboncycle. Forest ecosystem can be both sources and sinks of CO2. A biologicaldiverse tropical forest holds 50 times more carbon per unit of area than amonoculture plantation. Thus, the trees in a forest stand form an essentialpart in the functioning of the terrestrial biosphere, especially in the carboncycle. This research aims to assess the contribution of tree diversity in CO2

absorption and carbon sequestration in the area of Bogor, Puncak andCianjur (BOPUNCUR) - West Java, Indonesia by analyzing the physiologicalcharacteristics related to CO2 absorption (CO2 absorption, transpiration,stomatal conductance, leaf chlorophyll content) and measuring plantbiomass and total carbon sequestration. The results showed that there wasa wide range of variance in CO2 absorption between tree species. CO2

absorption ranged between 5.04 µmolm-2s-1 for Azadirachta indica A. Juss(Kayu Bawang) to 19.68 µmolm-2s-1 for Trachylobium verrucosum oliver.Carbon sequestration of tree species > 30 years old was found between4545.189 t/ha (for Hopea odorata Roxb.), followed by Shorea leprosulaMiq (3579.225 t ha-1), (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn.) (2993.762 t ha-1) danAraucaria bidwillii Hook (2946.156 t ha-1).

Key Words: Diversity, tree, species, carbon dioxide, absorption, carbon,sequestration,


A-0089Phenology, climate, and adaptation: How does Dipterocarpsrespond to climate?

Nurul L. Winarni1), Dewi Ratna Kurnia Sari2), Diny Hartiningtyas3),Meyner Nusalawo4), and Niken Sakuntaladewi2)

1)Pusat Riset Perubahan Iklim – Universitas Indonesia. Gd. Rektorat Lt. 8,5.Kampus UI Depok 164242)Puslitbang Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan, Kementerian Kehutanan. JalanGunung Batu No. 5 Bogor3)Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam.Gedung E. Kampus UI Depok 164244)Wildlife Conservation Society – Indonesia Program. Jl. Atletik No. 8. TanahSareal. Bogor 16161

Temperature, rainfall, and extreme weather have been indicated to affectthe phenological patterns and forest productivity by the shifting of floweringand fruiting season, patterns, as well as crop production. Dipterocarpaceaeis a high value trees for both timber and non-timber forest product. Thisstudy aims to determine the respons of phenological patterns of floweringand fruiting of Dipterocarps to climate variables. The study was conductedat Way Canguk PHKA/WCSIP Research Station of the Bukit Barisan SelatanNational Park (BBSNP), Lampung during May-November 2012 by analysing14 years (1998-2012) of phenological data of Dipterocarps. The phenologysurveys were carried out on monthly basis by estimating the percentage offlowering and fruiting (divided into 0-4 scoring) and estimate the cropproduction. The results indicated that the Dipterocarps phenologicalpatterns in the area depicted major and minor patterns without mass-flowering time, different than ever reported for Kalimantan or NorthSumatra. Minor peak flowering season showed regular floweringparticularly during March to July every year. However, there were majorflowering seasons, in November 2002 (20.2%), September 2006 (21%),and October-November 2011 (20.3%). Average monthly fruit productionshowed a peak at the end of the dry season. Major flowering seasonseemed to coincide with a period of major El Nino events in November 2002and September 2006, while others associated to La Nina. This studysuggested that phenology and climate change may have implications indesigning strategies of adaptation in the utilization of Dipterocarps such asmaintaining the seed banks for reforestation program.

Key words: Dipterocarpaceae, phenology, climate, Taman Nasional BukitBarisan Selatan


A-0138Women in Climate Change: Gender Representation in ReducingPoverty and Protecting Livelihood in Mountainous Ecosystem atSolok District, West Sumatera

Yanto Rochmayanto1), Niken Sakuntaladewi1), Lukas RumbokoWibowo 1), Pebriyanti Kurniasih2)

1)Researchers in Center for Climate Change and Policy Research andDevelopmentJl. Gunung Batu No. 5. Bogor.Email: [email protected]; [email protected];[email protected])Researcher in Forestry Research Institute for Fiberwood TechnologyJl. Raya Bangkinang-Kuok KM 9, Bangkinang, RiauEmail : [email protected]

Gender is an important issue in climate change. Men and women responddifferently to it. Gender inequality in the distribution of rights, resources,and power can exacerbate their capacity to adapt to the climate change.However, the study of gender in the climate change is limited. This studyaims to identify the distribution of gender roles in responding to climatechange and weather variability, in terms of coping with poverty andprotecting livelihoods. The study was conducted on mountainousecosystems in Solok District, West Sumatra. The research used anexplanatory approach by using the survey methods. The unit of analysiswas a household. Data gathered from the field then analyzed with aqualitative descriptive method. The research shows that women played amajor role in the family unit. Changes in temperature and rainfall patternsled to decreasing agricultural productivities and family incomes. Thesituation caused gradual changes in the productive role of the women. Theybecame responsible for agricultural production in a greater proportion.Impact of the disproportionate role caused women had double burden andremained marginalized. Because of customary and religious values, thesewomen had just accepted this situation. Strategies are needed to increasewomen’s adaptive capacities, among other things: (1) better understandingof the dynamic of power of women and men to anticipate unpredictableoccurrence, and (2) institutional innovation to implant gender equality.

Key words: climate change, vulnerability of society, gender roles andgender inequality


TOPIC 4 : FOREST AND WATER INTERACTION

A-0018Nusa Penida Critical Karst Island: The Characteristics andProspects for Rehabilitation

Budi Hadi Narendra1) and Ogi Setiawan2)

1)Research and Development Center for Conservation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Forestry Jl.Gunung Batu no.5 Bogore-mail: [email protected]) Research Institute for Non-Timber Forest Product Technology,Ministry of Forestry Jl. Dharma Bakti no.7 Mataram

Nusa Penida, a small karstic island lying off the southeastern coast of Bali,has important role in eco-hydrology function especially in the provision ofwater sources. Extensive forest conversion become dry land farming andbarren land have led expanding of critical land. To return the landproductivity and its eco-hydrological function, those critical lands areurgently needed to be rehabilitated. The choice of forest tree species andappropriate technologies based on land characteristics is important tosupport successful rehabilitation. Research on critical land characteristicswas carried out by analyzing physical, chemical, and biological properties ofsoil as well as climatic condition of Nusa Penida. Results indicated that landcapability was low, associated with mediteran soil type, hilly topography,and dry climate with low annual rainfall. This karstic influenced soil is adominant soil type of the island and commonly unsuitable for food crops.Low soil water holding capacity is another threat to the plants during thedry season. Biological soil analysis showed low abundance of soil bacterialcolonies. Analysis of species suitability assisted by GIS indicated that the soiland climate is potentially suitable for neem (Azadirachta indica) planting asone of potential source of non-timber forest products. Early evaluation ofrehabilitation research using neem as main species showed that organicmatter enrichment through cattle manure treatment was an effective way toimprove the soil condition. This application was able to provide a better soilenvironment and resulting better plant growth. Water constrain may beovercome by implementing rain water harvesting technologies, soil andwater conservation, and establishment of underground water tapping anddistribution structures to utilize the abundant underground karst streamflows.

Keywords: karstic island, eco-hydrological function, land rehabilitation,potential species, water harvesting


A-0023Estimation of Urban Forest Needs to Meet Water Demand inAmbon City

Christy C. V. SuhendyPattimura University, Ambon, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

Water is a basic necessity for all living things, including plants. Plants needwater because water is one of the necessary elements for them to carry outphotosynthesis. In addition to requiring water, plants are also an importantagent in the hydrological processes. In urban areas with all its progress, thepresence of water is necessary, but on the contrary it straitens vegetatedarea to absorb water. Development of the urban forest is an ideal design tomeet the needs of green open space in urban areas, especially for waterabsorption function which will increase the ground water supply. The mainobjective of this study is to estimate the urban forest using ground water inAmbon City. The additional objective is to provide informations on urbanforest development plan that might required either by government or nongovernment agency. The variables considered in this approach arepopulation, livestock, and industry. Data were collected throughobservation, interviews with relevant stakeholders, and literature study.Those data are processed and analyzed to provide information on totalwater demand, total water supplies, capacity of urban forest to absorbwater, and minimum extent of urban forest needs. The results showed thatthe need of the urban forest is increasing from year to year. Estimation ofurban forest needs in Ambon City for 2015 is 22,691.32 Ha, 25,398 ha in2020 and 28,444.93 Ha in 2025. Point of balance between the demand andsupply of water located in about 2025. In that year estimated population ofAmbon city will reach 430.938 peoples with 22.743.956 m3/year waterdemand.

Keywords: urban forest, water demand, water supply.


A-0049Hydrology performance of teak forest watershed at Cepu, CentralJava

Irfan B. PramonoForestry Research for Watershed Management Technology InstituteJalan A.Yani Pabelan P.O.Box 295 Surakarta 57102, INDONESIAEmail: [email protected]

Watershed performance should be evaluated by using criteria such ashydrology, land, and social economic criteria. Hydrology criteria consist ofsome indicators such as river regime coefficient, runoff coefficient, wateruse index, sedimentation, coefficient of variance and water quality. The aimof the research is to evaluate the performance of teak forest watershedfrom hydrology criteria. The method used watershed approach. Thehydrology indicators are measured directly in the field and in the laboratory.The performance index of watershed is varying from < 1.7 (good) to > 4.3(bad). The result shows that the hydrology performance of teak forestwatershed is moderate with score of 2.75. Some hydrology indicatorshaving bad scores such as river regime coefficient, water use index, andcoefficient of variance. The performance of hydrology in the teak forestwatershed was also influenced by natural factors such as geologicalformation or parent material of soil. In order to get fairness valuation ofwatershed performance, the score of hydrological indicators should bedifferentiated based on geological formation.

Key Words: watershed performance, hydrology criteria, teak forestwatershed


TOPIC 5 : FOREST BIOMASS AND BIOENERGY

A-0001Vegetation Structure and Carbon Stock in Tree Biomass andNecromassat Southern Mount Geulis Natural Forest Cianjur,West Java

Agung Hasan Lukman1), Parikesit2), Herri Y. Hadikusumah2), AdeRahmat2)

1) Department of Biology, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor 45363, WestJava, IndonesiaEmail address: [email protected]) Institute of Ecology, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Sekeloa No. 1, Bandung40132, West Java, Indonesia

The study was attempted to describe composition and structure ofvegetation and its carbon (C) stock at southern Mount Geulis natural forest,Cianjur. For this purpose, a survey method was used. Vegetation structuresampling was done by using a combination of line transect and nestedquadrat method which was placed across elevation (800-1300 asl), whilethe carbon stock measurement was done by using RaCSA (Rapid CarbonStock Appraisal) method. The results showed as many as 256 species ofwoody plants, shrubs, and herbs had been discovered. Diversity index (Ĥ)for tree, pole, sapling and seedling category were more than 3.00 (Ĥ = >3),while shrubs and herbaceous were less than 3.00 (Ĥ = <3). It also showedthat the diversity of woody plants was higher than non-woody plants. Treecategory was dominated by Schima wallichii, pole by Oreocnide rubescens,sapling by Calliandra calothyrsus, seedling by Psychotria angulata, shrubsand tall herbaceous by Etlingera coccinea, herbs and plant floor bySchismatoglottis rupestris which had the highest Important Value Index(IVI) in each category. Average C stock in tree biomass and necromass wasat 98.35 MgC / ha, of which 97.30 MgC / ha was found in tree biomass and1.05 MgC / ha was found in tree necromass. Overall, the result showed thatcomposition and diversity index of plant species were very high. However,the average of carbon stocks in tree biomass and necromass werecategorized in a medium range.

Keywords: Vegetation structure, carbon stock, natural forest


A-0004Potential Availability Of Biomass Energy From Felling Residue ForElectricity Generation In Remote Areas in Indonesia

Ahmad BudiamanDepartment of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor AgriculturalUniversityAcademic Ring Road, IPB Dramaga Campus, PO BOX 168 Bogor 16680,Indonesia

Felling operation of natural forest management outside Java may producedhigh amounts of felling residues: however, the felling residues remainedunused in the forests until now. The felling residue may potentially beused as raw materials for electricity generation in the areas surroundingharvested forests. According to the presidential decree number 5/2006regarding the national energy policy, the utilization of biomass energy willraise and be targeted to share 5% to the national energy production by2025. This paper described and analyzed the abundance of felling residuesin the natural forest management and their potential for electricitygeneration in remote areas. The results of some studies showed thatresidue factors of natural forest harvesting ranged from 25-40% ofharvested volume. Based on the logs production data, total recoverablefelling residues of natural forest harvesting outside Java was estimated at1,365,399 m3 (equal with 1,406,361 tons) in 2011. This source couldgenerate approximately 1,172,905 MWh. Most felling residues were foundin Kalimantan, Papua, and Sumatera.

Keywords: natural forest management, availability, felling residue, powergeneration, remote area


A-0019Variation of Biofuel Potency from 12 Calopyllum inophyllumpopulations in Indonesia

Budi Leksono, Rina Laksmi Hendrati, Eritrina Windyarini, TrimariaHasnahResearchers of Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement,YogyakartaJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta.Email: [email protected]

Global Energy Crisis causing increasing biofuel prices, has driven the worldto emphasize the importance of environmentally-friendly renewable-energy(biofuel). Calophyllum inophyllum (Nyamplung) which its seeds have longbeen used for biofuel, is one potential tree-species for energy-sources thatcan be harvested repeatedly for 50 years. Technical-practices of biofuelproduction for nyamplung seeds have been developed at industrial scale byCooperation in Cilacap (Java) and Energy Self-Sufficient Villages (DesaMandiri Energi) based on nyamplung in Banyuwangi, Purworejo, Kebumen,Ujung Kulon (Java) and Selayar (outside Java). Limited-information inrelation to productiviy and biofuel quality from its populations throughoutIndonesia, has been the main constraint for maximizing industrialproduction. This research is carried out to reveal biofuel-potential variationsof 12 populations in Indonesia (6 Java, 6 outside Java) for genetically-improving its seed-sources. Oil content is processed using Vertical Hot Pressand Screw Press Expeller to produce crude oil, then Degumming to makerefined oil, and Esterification-transesterification to turn into biodiesel.Results show great variations of biofuel content among populations. Valuesrange between 37-48,5% (VHP) and 50-58% (SPE) for crude oil, 36-48%(VHP) and 40-53% (SPE) for refined oil, and 17-33% (SPE) for biodiesel.Highest variation after degumming is due to high-content seed resin. DNAanalysis shows intermediate (Java) to high (ouside Java) genetic-variationsamong populations and intermediate within populations, with each 2clusters for Java and outside Java populations. Information of biofuelcontent, DNA analysis and environments around each population, will beconsidered for establishing genetically-improved seed-sources in accordanceto its breeding strategy.

Key words: Biofuel, biodiesel, crude oil, refined oil, genetic-variationamong populations, nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum)


A-0037Biomass Increment of Logged Swamp Forest in Riau Province

Emma Soraya12)

1) Faculty of Forestry – Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta55281, Indonesia, [email protected]) Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian NationalUniversityCanberra, ACT 2000, Australia, [email protected]

The aboveground biomass increment of living trees was estimated usingtree-level measurements in permanent sample plots (PSPs). The objectiveof this study is to provide the biomass accumulation rate of a logged swampforest in Riau province. The study drew on 55 PSPs data over a six yearperiod of measurements (2002-2008) from one tropical peat swamp forestconcession in Riau Province. Measurements of increment in the breast-height diameter (DBH) of trees equal to or greater than 10cm enabled theestimation of biomass in each measurement. The total annual biomassincrement of living trees were estimated from re-measured trees that werealive during two consecutive inventories. As not all plots were measuredannually, mean annual change (ratio of the difference in two measurementsand number of years between measurements) was used.The average (+ standard error) of aboveground biomass increment of livingtrees over the 6-year period was 8.00 + 0.44 Mg ha-1 yr-1. There was largeuncertainty in predicting the annual biomass increment in natural peatswamp forest. Further study is necessary to assess the factors that affecttree diameter increment and its biomass, such as site productivity,competition, stand density, and wood density at different life stages; whichis not yet currently recognised in tropical peat-swamp forest managementsystems. Further development of this initial work will enable refinements tothe available model to be made.

Keywords: increment, living trees biomass, logged-over swamp forest.


A-0054Estimating The Spatial Distribution of The Above Ground BiomassDerived from Terrestrial-Based Forest Inventory

I Nengah Surati Jaya1), Fauziah Dwi Hayati2),Putu Arimbawa3), M.Buce Saleh1) Laboratory of Forest Resource Inventory, Remote Sensing and GISLaboratory, Faculty of Forestry, Jalan Lingkar Kampus IPB.E-mail: [email protected]) Alumni of the Faculty of Forestry, IPB3) Laboratory of Forest Planning, Faculty of Forestry, IPB.

In line with development of spatial science and information technology,now, there are several approaches possibly used to estimate the distributionof above ground biomass. The proper method is highly depending on thedata source used and their nature. However, to get precise estimation, weneed to identify the most accurate spatial interpolation technique suitablewith ecological characteristics of each forest ecosystem and the object to beinterpolated. This paper examined several methods for interpolatingbiomass on logged-over dry land forest using terrestrial-based acomprehensively and periodically forest inventory in Labanan, EastKalimantan and Lamandau, Kota Waringin Barat, Central Kalimantan. Theplot distances examined are 1000m-by-1050 m for Labanan and 1000m-by-899m for Kota Waringin Barat. The main objective of this study is to obtaina proper spatial interpolation method having the most accurate predictionon spatial distribution of forest biomass in the dry land forest. Two maininterpolation methods examined were, (1) the conventional (deterministic)method, i.e., the IDW method and (2) geostatistics method using Krigingwith spherical, circular, linear, exponential and Gaussian models. Thestudy results at both sites consistently showed that the best method thatcould be used to estimate the spatial distribution of biomass is the IDWmethod with p = 2. The validation results derived from chi-sq. test showedthat there was no significant difference between the estimation andobservations of the biomass. From the mean deviation (MD) value, it isalso recognized that the IDWs with p=2 provide only 15% for Labanan(East Kalimantan Province) and 17% for Lamandau, Kota Waringin Barat(Central Kalimantan Province). In general, IDW interpolation method givesbetter results than the Kriging, where the Kriging methods provide about27% and 21% for Lamandau, Kota Waringin and Labanan, Beraurespectively.

Keywords: deterministic, geostatistics, IDW, Kriging, above groundbiomass


TOPIC 6 : FOREST AND FOREST PRODUCT FORGREENER FUTURE

A-0032Effects of Heat-Pressure Treatment on Some Properties ofYoung-Teak Wood

Efrida Basri1), Nurwati Hadjib1), Saefudin2)

1) Center for R&D on Forestry Engineering and Forest Prod. Process. Bogor-Indonesia.E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]) Biology Research Centre, Indonesian Institute of Science. Bogor-IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

Young-age teak woods usually reveal inferior properties, thereby limitingtheir uses. Attempts to improve such inferiorities or low qualities can bedone, among others, through wood densification by implementing thecombined heat-pressure treatment. In relevant, such treatment wasexperimentally implemented on the teak wood samples employingtemperatures in three levels, such that the wood thickness reduced byapproximately 20%. Afterwards, the densified wood samples had theirphysical properties, hardness, and crystallinity degree tested. The testingprocedures for physical properties of teak wood samples referred to thoseof the DIN-2135 standard, while the hardness testing was done inaccordance with the modified ASTM D143-94. Crystallinity degree of thesamples was measured using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) instrument.Results revealed that heat treatment at 170-190oC brought about thedensification of the 15-year old teak wood samples, with improvement inphysical properties and greater hardness.

Keyword: Heat pressure treatment, physical properties, hardness, young-teak wood


A-0056Wood Properties of Nine Unutilized Fast Growing Tree Speciesfrom Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Imam Wahyudi1), Futoshi Ishiguri2) and Tatsuhiro Ohkubo2)

1) Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, INDONESIAE-mail: [email protected]) Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya UniversityUtsunomiya 321-8505, Japan

Wood properties (anatomical structure, physical and mechanical) of nineunutilized fast growing tree species from secondary forest area in CentralKalimantan, Indonesia were studied. Each species was represented by threehealthy trees of three diameter classes (big, medium and small).Measurements were conducted by using standard procedure properly foreach property. It was found that the 9-th of native tree species studiednamely terentang (Campnosperma auriculatum), geronggang (Cratoxylumarborescens), benuang (Octomeles sumatrana), begarung (Macaranga sp.),benuang laki (Duabanga moluccana), kapuak (Artocarpus tamaran), dadak(Artocarpus dadak), pihing (Artocarpus sp.) and mentawa (Artocarpuselasticus) could be promoted as plantation species since their woods arepotential to become wood intake for wood industry in the future. Woods ofbenuang, begarung, kapuak, terentang and benuang laki are suitable forlight construction as well as for pulp and paper, while woods ofgeronggang, dadak and pihing for medium construction and composites.Besides for heavy-light construction, wood of mentawa is good for meubeland furniture. In order to establish the best plantation forest using thesespecies, silvicultural treatment of them should be investigated in advance.

Key words: anatomical structure, physical-mechanical properties, nativefast growing species


A-0085Steam Treated Jati Plus Perhutani (JPP)

Novinci Muharyani1), T.A. Prayitno2) and Ragil Widyorini2)

1) Puslitbang Perhutani, Cepu, Central Java – Indonesia,e-mail: [email protected]) Faculty of Forestry Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta – Indonesiae-mail : [email protected] : [email protected]

Thermal treatment is a well known process to modify wood and appliedmostly in Europe. Different methods used in several country, such asThermowood in Finland, Plato wood in Netherland, Retification in Franceand Oil Heat Treatment in Germany (Rapp and Sailer, 2001). Modifyingtropical wood with thermal base is not common. This research conducted tomodify fast grown teak wood from Perum Perhutani named Jati PlusPerhutani (JPP). This superior teak resulted from a multiyears of teak treeimprovement programme began in almost two decade ago until now. Thefirst two teak clone launched by Perum Perhutani are JPP PHT I and JPPPHT II. Five years old JPP was used as the material to be modified bysteaming at three heating temperature variations (90, 120 and 150 oC) for 2hours effective. Analysis on two factors of this research shows a nonsignificant difference on JPP variety (generally) and a sigificant different onheating temperature variations. Based on its average specivic gravity (0.54),steam treated JPP wood classified to strength class III (kelas kuat III)according to class division by Martawijaya et.al (2005). The moisturecontent at 90;120;150 °C heating temperature are 12.16 ; 10.64 and 8.6 %respectively, shows a decreased value at higher heating temperature. Lesstangential shrinkage gained by heating at 120 oC wich is 4.06 %. SteamingJPP wood also affecting the wood colour to be darker from its original. Thecolour difference (ΔE*) at 90;120;150 °C heating temperature are 12.62 ;25.54 ; 44.85 respectively.

Key words: JPP, heat treatment, wood properties, colour change.


A-0098Anatomical structure and fiber dimensions of jabon(Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) and gerunggang

(Cratoxylon arborescens BI.) from Sumatra

Rima RinandaBalai Penelitian Teknologi Serat Tanaman HutanJl. Raya Bangkinang – Kuok km. 9Bangkinang – Riaue-mail: [email protected]

Hutan tanaman industri (HTI) for pulp production in Sumatra still using rawmaterial from exotic species like as A. mangium, A.crassicarpa andEucalyptus pellita. The development of local spesies be required that havepotential as an alternative for pulp and paper raw material or possible forother uses. This paper presents scientific information about anatomicalstruc`ture and fiber dimensions of two local species from Sumatra. They arejabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) and gerunggang (Cratoxylonarborescens BI.). The wood sample of jabon used different ages, that isfour and five years were brought from Ujung Tanjung, Riau and jabon agedsix years from Pematang Siantar, North Sumatra. While for samples ofgerunggang used different diameter class was around 15 cm, 20 cm, and25 cm, this samples were brought from Bengkalis, Riau. The observation ofanatomical structure is described with standard from InternationalAssociation of Wood Anatomists (IAWA). The results of fiber dimensionsshows that Anthocephalus cadamba on observed age have 1537,25±151,94– 1856,25±160,71 micron fiber length, 36,90±2,42 – 41,59±3,78 micronfiber diameters, 31,47±2,06 – 36,16±3,67 micron lumen diameters, and2,64±0,33 – 2,72±0,43 micron thickness of fiber wall, while Cratoxylonarborescens on observed diameters have 1230,52±85,34 – 1327,29±111,85micron fiber length, 28,09±3,13 – 31,18±2,86 micron fiber diameters,23,88±3,10 – 27,05±2,65 micron lumen diameters, and 2,00±0,46 –2,10±0,34 micron thickness of fiber wall. The fiber quality of jabon andgerunggang belongs to the quality class I, it’s mean very good for pulp andpaper raw materials.

Key words : anatomical structure, fiber dimensions, local species, jabon,gerunggang.


A-0103Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT) Properties of PolypropyleneComposite Reinforced Cellulose Microfibrils of Oil Palm Empty FruitBunch and Frond

Wida B.Kusumaningrum1), Sasa Sofyan Munawar1,2)

1)Research and Development Unit for Biomaterials LIPI, Jl Raya Bogor Km46 Cibinong Bogor2)Center for Innovation LIPI, Jl Raya Bogor Km 47 Cibinong BogorEmail : [email protected]

Polypropylene composites reinforcing with natural fiber is potentially appliedfor automotive particularly on interior part design. Those kind of compositeswere contributed on renewable material, rapid rate biodegradation, and lowcost of production compared to synthetic fiber. Furthermore, the mechanicalproperties including strenghtness, young modulus, and thermal stabilityhave revealed good performance than glass fiber. Fiber which werefibrillated and have high aspect ratio that coresspond to diameter andlenght ratio of the fiber were noticed as enhancement factor for mechanicalproperties. Fiber fibrillation processing into microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)attempts for widening surface area of the fiber that improve polymermatrices compatibility. MFC from empty fruit bunches (EFB) and oil palmfrond (FB) fibers were performed as pulp by mechanically and chemicallytreatments. Chemically treatment was conducted with bleach and unbleachprocedure. Polypropylene with fiber was mixed using kneader, and injectionfor molding process. Manufacturing uses needs appropriate size presition,moderate lead time, and low defect. Heat deflection temperature (HDT)provide information for plastic material on indicating temperature conditioneffect to material deformation during normal loading. Material of origin,additive or filler size, and molding temperature were directly corelated tothe HDT performance. Initial temperature of HDT exhibits different value fordifferent kind of fillers and fiber treatments. PP/EFB composite bymechanical treatment gives high value of HDT compared to the fiberprocessing by chemical treatment both with bleach and unbleach process.Similar result have been performed in PP/FB composites related to initialtemperature. PP/ EFB composite with 30% of fiber loading represent HDT in149.4°C, and for PP/ FB composite with 30% fiber loading gives 150.7°C.By the addition of fiber loading could improve the HDT value of thecomposites.

Keywords: Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Frond, Polypropylene Composite,HDT


TOPIC 7 : FOREST HEALTH IN A CHANGING WORLD

A-0011Decolorization of Azo Dyes and Mineralization of Phenanthrene byTrametes sp. AS03, A White-rot Fungus Isolated from IndonesianMangrove Forest

Asep Hidayat1), Dodi Frianto2) and Sanro Tachibana3)

1) Forest Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Ministry of Forestry –Republic of Indonesia, Manggala Wanabakti Building, Jl. Jend. GatotSubroto, Jakarta – IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]) Research Institute on Fiber Technology of Plantation Forest, Jl. RayaBangkinang Km. 9, Bangkinang, Kampar Riau – Indonesia 284513) Department of Applied Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566 Japan

The textile industry contributes the most disposals of synthetic dyes, andabout 40% of textile dyes has been generating high amount of coloredwastewater. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such asphenanthrene, are a group of organic compounds, structurally comprised oftwo or more benzene rings, which persist in air, water, and soil. The organicpollutants of dyes and PAH have adversely effect to food chain andpotentially toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in the environment. Fungi arepotential to degrade dyes and phenanthrene, but only few studies havebeen done to test white-rot fungi isolated from mangrove forests for theirability to degrade them. In this study, Fungi were collected from amangrove forest in Riau Province – Sumatera – Indonesia. In our previousstudy, Trametes sp. AS03, one of the fungi isolated from mangrove forest inRiau Province, was capable to decolorize Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR).The capability of Trametes sp. AS03 to decolorize four azo dyes, Remazol B.Violet (V5), Levafix Orange E3GA (Or64), Levafix B. Red E-6BA (R159), andSumifix S. Scarlet 2GF (R222), were further evaluated. The result showedthat Trametes sp. AS03 decolorized 91, 60, 48, and 31 of V5, R222, R159,and Or64, respectively. By showing its capability to decolorize some of dyes,Trametes sp. AS03 the used to break down phenanthrene. AS03 degradedmore than 70% of phenanthrene in 15 days. Phenanthrene was mineralizedinto phenanthrene 9,10-dihydodiol, 2,2-diphenic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, benzoic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid duringthe degradation process.

Keyword: Trametes sp. AS03, dyes, phenanthrene, biodegradation


A-0012Preliminary Research: In Vitro Tolerant-plant Selections ofUromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) Extract CompoundsIn Falcataria moluccana (Miq.)

Asri Insiana PutriCenter of Forest Biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 55582, E-mail: [email protected]

Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) is severely attacked by a microcyclic, gall-forming rust, Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.). Plant diseases causediverse problems ranging from total crop loss to loss of product quality. Invitro selection using U. tepperianum extract as selective agents is aneffective method to produce F. moluccana (Miq.) tolerant clones to U.tepperianum infection. . As preliminary research, the objectives of this studywere to (1) qualitative analysis of alkaloid and steroid compound ofinfected, un-infected Falcataria moluccana and U. tepperianum; (2)determine in vitro tolerant of F. moluccana with U. tepperianum extractselection media. Infected and un-infected F. moluccana were collectedfrom highland forest from lowland forest. Steroidal alkaloids qualitatively inGall rust, infected branch and un-infected branch was determined. Gall rustsalso extracted for in vitro media selection. Un-infected F. moluccana seedswill be used for regeneration of plantlets for in vitro selection. Lethalcondition if 50 % or higher of axenic plantlets were decayed after 3 monthsin vitro incubation. Sublethal is UE concentration below lethal condition.Results of the experiment showed that both F. moluccana and U.tepperianum have the same capability to produce steroids, based on tissueextract. In vitro tolerance selection of F. moluccana with gall rust fungus U.tepperianum extract media showed that lethal condition reached at 4 ml/l ofU. tepperianum extract when 68 % of F. moluccana decayed, thereforethe sublethal condition occur in 3 ml/l of U. tepperianum extract.

Keywords : Falcataria moluccana (Miq.), In Vitro selection, Uromycladiumtepperianum (Sacc.) extract, tolerant.


A-0025A Proposed Model Of Technical Framework For Invasive Alien PlantSpecies (IAPS) Management In Indonesian Natural ForestEcosystem

Decky Indrawan JunaediUPT Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Cibodas - LIPIJl. Kebun Raya Cibodas, PO. BOX 19 SDL Sindanglaya, Cipanas Cianjur43253, Cianjur – West Java, Indonesia

Invasive alien species (IAS) including invasive alien plant species (IAPS)already recognized as a significant problem for natural forest biodiversityand forest health in Indonesia. Moreover, CBD protocol (article 8, clause h)stated: “Each contracting party shall, as far as possible and as appropriateto prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate those alien species whichthreaten ecosystems, habitats or species”. Several IAPS mentioned forexample: Passiflora sp. in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Acacia nilotica inBaluran National Park and Merremia peltata in Bukit Barisan SelatanNational Park, are causing significant impact to forest ecosystems. Manyactions as responses to IAPS invasion already conducted. However, most ofthe management actions were not integrated and considered as curativeaction rather than preventive and integrative management actions. Thisarticle will convey and propose a model framework that can be applied as ageneral management approach in forest ecosystem in Indonesia. In general,the framework will consist of several components. Firstly, detection isneeded as a first step to examine existed exotic plant species. Secondly,conducting risk assessment to set priorities of action and to seekopportunities available from the managed IAPS. Thirdly, framing action plan(including monitoring and preventive actions) for short and long term time-frame with exact, definitive and measurable targets also needed. Thisarticle will also demonstrate the application of the framework to a casestudy of IAPS in a sampled area in Halimun-Salak corridor and remnantforest of Cibodas Botanic Gardens.

Keywords: Invasive plant, risk assessment, conservation, forestmanagement, ecology


A-0029Pattern of Disease Spread of Ganodermaphilippii Causing RootRotin Acacia Mangium Plantation

Desy Puspitasari1) and Anto Rimbawanto2)

1) ACIAR Project FST.051/2009 Collaboration with Centre for ForestBiotechnology and Tree Improvement, Jalan Palagan TentaraPelajar KM. 15Purwobinangun Pakem Sleman Yogyakarta 55582;e-mail :[email protected]) Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement,Jalan Palagan Tentara Pelajar KM. 15 Purwobinangun Pakem SlemanYogyakarta 55582;

Ganodermaphilippii is the major pathogen causing red root-rot disease thatcause substantial damage to Acacia mangium plantation in Indonesia.Inoculums of Ganodermaphilippiidetermined the spread of this disease byroot contact or sexual reproduction with basidiocarp.Spread pattern of G.philippii could be revealed by examiningsomatic incompatibility in theinfected areas. Somatic incompatibility group (SIG)found in Riau indicatedthatdisease spreadtook place by root contact, rare it happened by sexualreproduction with basidiocarp, because the spesies still have same genetictype as the compatible result of SIG. Conversely, somatic incompatibilitygroup found in South Sumatera indicated that the diseasewas spread bysexual reproduction with basidiocarp, eventhoughspread by root contactalso happened.This is substantiated by the genetic difference within the SIGas a result of incompatibility

Keywords : disease spread, root contact, basidiocarp, Ganodermaphilippii


A-0030Utilization of Aren (Arenga Pinnata Merr.) Sawmilling Waste forEdible Mushroom Cultivation Media

Djarwanto and Sihati SupraptiResearch and Development Center for Forestry Engineering and ForestProducts Processing, Bogor, Indonesiae-mail: [email protected]

The utilization of unproductive aren (Arenga pinnata) for timber produceswaste i.e. sawdust and core. The waste containing of lignocellulosicmaterials was studied for cultivation medium of edible mushroom. Thesawdust was supplemented with rice bran, CaCO3, gypsum, fertilizers, anddistilled water. This composite medium was then sterilized in an autoclaveon 121 ⁰C, in pressure of 1.5 atmosfir for 30 minutes. After cooling themedium was inoculated with pure culture of four different mushroomsspecies and incubated in a special room. Biological conversion efficiency(BE) was calculated based on the weight of the fresh mushroom yield to theweight of dry substrate and presented in percentage. Other waste in theform of sawn timber core was cut into 10 cm in wide 5 cm in thick and 120cm in length, then directly inoculated with six species of mushroomsthrough drilled holes, then were slanted on bamboo supporter in an angle ofaround 60⁰ in a hut made of bamboo. The mushroom’s was harvested dailyafter the mature fruiting body grown. Results showed that the materialsupplementation on sawdust most likely to improve the mushrooms yield.Found that the BE values are 21.97-89.45 % (for Pleurotus flabellatus),15.36-105.36 % (for P. ostreatus), 63.88-76.86 % (for P. sajor-caju), andup to 62.88% (for Lentinula edodes). The average yield from a piece ofsawn timber core was 210g (for P. ostreatus), 368g (P. flabellatus), 331g(P. sajor-caju), and 48g (Auricularia polytricha), however, P. cystidiosus andL. edodes on aren stem core were fail to grow.

Keywords: Aren core, sawdust, mushroom, medium, biological conversionefficiency


A-0049Diversity of macro-fungi from Halimun-Salak National Park and itsprospect as nutriceutical and medicines

Hesti L. Tata1) and Enny Widyati2)

1) R&D Centre for Conservation and Rehabilitation, Jalan Gunung Batu 5,Bogor. E-mail: [email protected]) R&D Centre for Forest Productivity, Jalan Gunung Batu 5, Bogor.E-mail: [email protected]

Tropical forest biodiversity consisted of various creatures including medicinaland edible fungi. Diversity of macro-fungi on the forest floor of Halimun-Salak National Park at Cikaniki-Citalahab resort has been assessed. Activecompounds of five selected macro-fungi were then analyzed. We found 31saprophyte fungi, consisted of 4 species Ganoderma, 2 species belongs toGomphaceae, 1 species Amanita, 1 species Laccaria and unknown speciesbelongs to Polyporaceae. The most frequent macro-fungi encountered inthe forest was Ganoderma spp. Ganoderma lucidum str. Cikaniki containsbioactive compounds of chavicyl acetate and levoglucosan. The firstcompound is known as antimicrobial, while the second compound is knownas anti-immunodeficiency and anti-coagulant. Its natural resource is limited,therefore G. lucidum str. Cikaniki needs to be cultivated owing to theirpotential as nutriceutical and medinice. Cultivation technique of G. lucidumhas been developed well in other province, e.g. Yogyakarta, and it has beenproduced as herbal products and dietery supplement in the basis of homeindustry. It is a challenge to improve knowledge and skill of communitieswho live in the National Park on cultivation of medicinal and edible fungi, sothat people can have alternative of livelihood.

Key words: Basidiomycetes, Ganoderma lucidum, herbal product


A-0068Root-Rot In Eucalyptus Pellita Plantations and Its PossibleBiocontrols

Luciasih Agustini1), Morag Glen2,3), Heru Indrayadi4), DonoWahyuno5), Fadjar Sagitarianto4), and Bayo Alhusaeri4)

1) R & D Centre for Forest Conservation and Rehabilitation of FORDA ofIndonesian Ministry of ForestryJl. Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor 16610, INDONESIA, e-mail address:[email protected])Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag98, Hobart 7001, AUSTRALIA3) CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Private Bag 12, Hobart 7001, AUSTRALIA4 )PT. Arara Abadi – Sinar Mas Forestry, Jl. Teuku Umar No. 51 Pekanbaru28141, INDONESIA.5)Indonesian Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute of IAARD ofIndonesian Ministry of AgricultureJl.Tentara Pelajar No.3 Bogor, INDONESIA

Eucalyptus pellita that has been identified as a promising alternative speciesto Acacia mangium for industrial pulp wood in Indonesia is susceptible toroot rot. Root disease of E. pellita which was putatively caused by Phellinusspecies was investigated at twelve plantation sites in Central Sumatra. Tenplots were established at four sites for monitoring disease spread. Macro-and micro-scopic observations and DNA analysis were used to identifysporocarps and fungal cultures growing from symptomatic root samples.Red root-rot disease caused by Ganoderma philippii was as prevalent asroot disease caused by Phellinus. At plot establishment, root-rot severitiesranged from 5 to 50.7%. Increase of disease severity ranged from 0 to1.55% per month during eight months of observation. Three and a halfyears later, tree death reached 40-60%. Species of Phlebiopsis sp. andCerrena sp. isolated from E. pellita stumps were tested as potentialbiological controls for root-rot disease. In vitro tests between two possiblebiocontrols and G. philippii showed a mycoparasitic reaction; while the testsof the biocontrols against P. noxius showed an antagonistic reaction.Further experimentation is required to confirm whether Cerrena sp. andPhlebiopsis sp. can be applied successfully in the field. This finding offers anew possibility for managing root-rot pathogens in Indonesia.

Keywords: Cerrena sp., Eucalyptus pellita, Ganoderma philippii, Phellinussp., Phlebiopsis sp. and root-rot


A-0102Invasive plant species on swamps of Wasur National Park,Merauke

Sarah Yuliana1), Krisma Lekitoo1) and Titiek Setyawati2)

1) Forestry Research Institute ManokwariJl. Inamberi Pasir Putih Manokwari, Papua Barat, Indonesia [email protected], [email protected]) Centre of Research and Development on Forest Conservation andRehabilitationJl. Gunung Batu No. 5 Ciomas, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia [email protected]

Wetland in the form of swamp is one of many ecosystem types in WasurNational Park, Merauke, Papua, Indonesia. Recently, swamps in WasurNational Park have to deal with the decreasing of its hydrological functiondue to incursion of invasive plant species. This research was carried out toidentify invasive plant species that were encountered in three swamps inthe Park. The field measurement showed about 50 species of invasive plantspecies from 24 families and 8 forms of habitus from all swamps observed.From those species, 25 species from 13 families and 7 habitus forms werecollected in Rawa Biru swamp, 6 species from 4 families and 4 habitusforms were collected in Donggamit swamp, and 29 species from 16 familiesand 6 habitus forms were from Ukra swamp and its nearby savanna.Some dominant families were grasses (Poaceae), sedges (Cyperaceae), andlegumes (Fabaceae). The habitus observed were varied from grass tosedge, herb, shrub, liana, fern, waterlily and tree. This study also noticedat least 6 species as priority threats for the swamps. Those species wereCarex sp., Hanguana malayana, Thoracostachium sumatranum, Elaeocharisindica, Ludwigia oktovalvis and Stachytarpeta jamaicensis. Mimosa pigra,observed from damp roadsides in the area could also be one future threatfor the wetlands and savannas in Wasur National Park area.

Keywords : invasive plant, swamp, Wasur National Park, Merauke


A-0107Composting Pulp and Paper’s Sludge Using Fungal Isolates

Siti WahyuningsihBalai Penelitian Teknologi Serat Tanaman HutanJl. Raya Bangkinang-Kuok km.9 Bangkinang 28401 Postal code 4/BKN-Riau

Industrial pulp and paper’s sludge is a major environment threat of pulp andpaper’s industry due to effluent load. Composting pulp and paper’s sludgecould be done in minimize effluent load. In the present study, fungalisolated from several substances e.g. soil, decay wood, sludge wereexplored for the potential activator to degradate cellulose and lignin frompulp and paper’s sludge. Fungi with code SP, RH and combination of both(K) were tested as organic degrading activator for pulp and paper’s sludgewhich showed released C/N ratio 21,38; 23,25 dan 20,37,respectively, after4 weeks composted. The P₂O₅ released of pulp and papers slugde’sinoculated with fungi coded SP, RH and combination of both (K) were1,91%, 2,1% dan 2,22%, respectively, after composted for 4 weeks. TheK₂O₅ released of pulp and paper’s sludge inoculated with fungi coded SP,RH and combination of both (K) were 2,91%, 2,97% dan 3,22%,respectively, after 4 weeks composted. pH of pulp and paper’s sludgeinoculated with fungi coded SP, RH and combination of both (K) were 7,26;7,55 dan 7,28, respectively, after 4 weeks composted. The cation exchangecapacity (CEC) of pulp and paper’s slugde inoculated with fungi coded SP,RH and combination of both (K) were 44,2; 46,58 dan 48,95 ( me/100g),respectively, after 4 weeks composted. It can be concluded combination ofboth fungi coded SP and RH (K) has the best ability in degrading organicmaterial of pulp and paper’s sludge.

Keywords: pulp and paper’s sludge, fungal isolates, composting


A-0127Molecular identification of root-rot disease in Acacia mangium andother hardwood plantations in Indonesia

Vivi Yuskianti1), M. Glen2,3), D. Puspitasari1), A. Francis3), L.Agustini4), A. Rimbawanto1) and C. Mohammed2,3)

1) FORDA Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, Jl.Palagan T. Pelajar Km 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Yogyakarta, Indonesia;2) CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Private Bag 12, Hobart, Tasmania 7001,Australia;3) Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag98, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia4) FORDA Centre for Forest Rehabilitation and Conservation, Jl. Gunung BatuNo 5, Bogor 16610, Indonesia

Root-rot has become the most economically damaging disease in Acaciamangium and other hardwood plantations. Ganoderma sp, that isrecognized as the associated pathogen with root-rot, have traditionallybeen defined by the morphological characters of their highly variablesporocarps , however, the morphological plasticity of Ganodermasporocarps has resulted in taxonomic confusion. This paper describesmolecular identification of over 1.000 isolates with root rot symptonscollected from several A. mangium plantations in Indonesia. Two molecularmethods i.e. species-specific PCR and rDNA ITS were used for identificationof the pathogens associated with root rot disease. Two sets of primer for G.philippii (Gphil 2f/6r and Gphil 3f/4r) and G. mastoporum (Gmast 2f/3r and2f/4r), two major causal agents for red root rot, were developed and usedfor the first identification method. More than 60% of the isolates haveidentified using these species-specific tests. The rest of the isolates, eithernegative in one or two primer, or doubt results from specific PCR testcontinued to the second molecular identification using primer ITS 1-F/ITS4of rDNA ITS to confirm the species identity. The two molecular approacheshave provided a high level of confidence in the identification of root-rotpathogens. The information can be used to support the development ofmanagement options for their control in A. mangium and other hardwoodplantations.

Key words: Root-rot, Acacia mangium, Species-specific PCR, rDNA ITS


TOPIC 8 : OTHERS

A-0039Community Based Tourism At Cikampek Forest Area For SpecialPurpose (KHDTK Cikampek)

Eva Rachmawati1), Kartika Edy Kresna Dwipayana2), HarryKushardanto3)

1) Departement of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty ofForestry, Bogor Agricultural University, E-mail: [email protected]) Departement of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism, Faculty ofForestry, Bogor Agricultural University,3) RARE PRIDE

KHDTK Cikampek with the main functions of the research forest has longbeen used as a tourist area by the surrounding community. Communityaround the forest wanting this area to be used as a tourist spot and itsmanagement may involve local community. At present, there have been agroup of people asking for the right to manage tourism in the area.Determination forms of community involvement in tourism management inKHDTK require some considerations such as their motivation and theirreadiness to organize tourism activities. The results showed that thebehavior of groups who ask the tourism right management dominated byeconomic motives, namely to increase revenue and create new jobs.Therefore, for the involvement of the community need to consider aspectsof community prosperity. Community-based tourism can be applied inKHDTK Cikampek as a solution to accommodate the public's willingness tobe involved in tourism management as well as to help improve the welfareof the community. Seen from the readiness for tourism management, itappears that the group not yet have a well-organized institutions and theability to manage tourism. Priority actions to implement CBT concept areenhancing community capabilities and institutions to participate in tourismmanagement. This can be facilitated through assistance and guidance fromgovernment or other competent stakeholder. Public's understanding of CBTmanagement needs to be improved as an understanding of how to activelyparticipate, on how to shape institutions for managing tourism, and theimpact of the tourist activity itself.

Keywords: Community, Tourism, Community based Ecotourism, KHDTK,Cikampek


A-0053Predicting Future Deforestation using Area Production Model andGIS

Hunggul Y.S.H. NugrohoForestry Research Institute of Macassar, IndonesiaE-mail: [email protected]

Increasing demands for agricultural land accompanied with economicdevelopment have triggered escalation of interest competition betweenforest conservation and agricultural expansion. There were approximately13 million hectares of forest in the world were converted into agricultureland each year in the period 2000-2010. Indonesia itself contributesapproximately 0,68 million hectares/year during 2005-2010 (FAO 2011).The trend of continuous deforestation leads to question : when the need foragriculture land increase in the future, how much and which area of forestwill be converted? What action should be taken to minimize deforestationprocess? To answer the above question, the study employing spatialmodeling was conducted by the aim to generate comprehensiveunderstanding about deforestation process, pattern, and trend in the futureand how to manipulate the process. This comprehensive understanding isessential to help spatial planer in designing land use planning to minimizegaps between forest function protection and social-economic development.The chase study was undertaken in Pasir District, the southeastern part ofEast Kalimantan Province to test the functionality of APM (Area ProductionModel), -an open sources GIS-based modeling-, in predicting forest landconversion into agricultural land as a response to growth of humanpopulation, GDP, and agricultural productivity. The results indicated thatAPM is an appropriate model in term of accuracy and modeling simplicity topredict and simulate future deforestation based on several manageablescenarios. Based on the validation process, 70% of future deforestationlocation can be accurately predicted.

Keywords : APM, deforestation, agriculture expansion


A-0074Collaborative Conflict Management on Ecosystem Restoration (ER)Area: Lessons Learnt From Harapan Rainforest (HRF) Jambi

Mangarah Silalahi1) and Desri Erwin2)

1) Head of Ecosystem Restoration Resource Centre - Burung Indonesia,Bogor-Indonesia2) Community Partnership staff of PT REKI, Jambi-South Sumatra-Indonesia

Ecosystem Restoration is an innovative solution for managing natural forestsin Indonesia that integrates forest utilization, environmental services,biodiversity protection and improving the livelihoods of local people. Themain aim of ER is to restore the degraded forest to reach an ecosystemequilibirum. Harapan Rainforest is the first ecosystem restoration concessionin Indonesia and it is a site rich with biodiversity. Implementing ER,however, faces many challenges, and one of the biggest is encroachment.Based on an analysis of a landsat satellite image 7 ETM and Envisat.asatimages, from 2005-2012 the total area cleared due to encroachment was±18,362 ha with an average cleared area as large as 2,623 ha/year. Ifencroachment continues to occur and cannot be reduced or stoppedcompletely, an area totaling 98,555ha is predicted to be lost within the next10 years. This study describes what the roots of the conflicts, the modusoperandi, the connection between encroachers and supporters, and anappropriate resolution strategy. The encroachment problems are complexand involve the local elites, migrants and speculators. The encroachers arenow getting stronger and acquiring legitimacy by gaining support fromvarious mass organizations and government programmes. The decision toimplement an encroachment strategy can not be undertaken in a universallyagreed-upon or repressive way. Encroachment conflict resolution strategiesshould use a collaborative management approach and mechanisms whichare accepted by relevant parties, resolve the problems permanently, avoidhuman rights violations, apply international standards and createharmonious relationships. Collaborative Conflict Management is aparticipatory process involving a number of relevant parties and steps that,if adhered to, can create a new social contract for the management ofnatural resources.

Keywords: Ecosystem restoration, forest and land conflicts, encroachment,and Collaborative Conflict Management.


A-0125The Potential of Remote Sensing for Assessment of LandSusceptibility to Degradation: A Case Study in Tapan MicroCatchment

Tyas Mutiara Basuki and Nining WahyuningrumResearchers at Forestry Research Institute for Watershed ManagementTechnologyE-mail: [email protected]

Assessment of land susceptibility is essensitial for watershed managementplanning. For a regional planning, characterization of land not only collectsbiophysical data but also provides spatial information. In this regards, dataderived from remote sensing is well recognized to provide spatiallydistributed and time series data. The study is attended to explore potentialof open source remotely sensed data to assess land suseptibility todegradation. A case study was carried out in Tapan micro catchment,Karanganyar District, Central Java Province. The possible parameters dataderived from remote sensing are slope, rock outcrop, morphoerosion, landcover, and soil conservation practices. The slope was derived from DEM(Digital Elevation Model) of ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emissionand Reflection Radiometer) imagery, and the other remotely sensed datawere obtained from Google Earth using certain capture method. Theparameters were classified and scored for each land unit to obtain itssusceptibility level of degradation. The result shows that the catchment isdominated by forest area (51%) with steep slope (25 to 45%). Totalaccuracy for slope and land cover classification are 79.5% and 70.3%,respectively. In general, soil conservation techniques, such as benchterraces can be recognized from Google Earth, however detail informationhave to be identified on the ground. The rock outcrop and morphoerosion ofthe study area are less than 10 %. Based on the measurements, thecatchment area is categorized as slightly sucesstible to degradation. Theutility of open sources imageries which provide good accuracy is analternative to renew information of land cover which is dynamic.

Key words: remote sensing, land susceptibility, spatial information


A-0130Indigenous knowledge in harvesting andextractingessential oilfrom the bark of Mangasa (Cinnamomum cullilawangBL.)employedby Irarutu ethnic, at Manggera Village, Kaimana, WestPapua

Zeth Womsiwor and WahyudiFaculty of Forestry, The State University of Papua,Gunung salju, Amban, Manokwari (98314), West Papua.Telp/fax: +62 986211065, 211364.Email: [email protected]

Indigenous knowledge is numerous ways of life of local community to adaptand survive to their surrounding environment. The ways to harvest andextract forest resources to supply the daily need of the forest people areranging from one ethnic to another, and naturally being transferred fromthe old to young generation. These practices are also implied to the forestpeople at Manggera village, Kaimana, West Papua. Mangasa is local namefor one of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP,s), which produces anessential oil, widely acknowledged as Cullilawang or Kulit lawang(Cinnamomum culillawang BL.). Due to limitation of geographical access,and numbers of the forest people who have distillated devices, a short fieldtrip was conducted to survey the natural standing stock of Lawang (C.cullilawang B.L.), and Manggera village was selected for this purpose. Thisfield trip was also to closely examine how bark of Mangesa was selected,harvested, prepared, and transported by the local ethic using theirtraditional knowledge and ways before the distillation processes are takingplaces. One forest people, who expert and has distilled devices, wasselected for demonstrating a traditional distillation method representing theManggera indigenous knowledge. Also, interviews were conducted toinvestigate deeply and enlarge this knowledge for fully understanding therelated issues of this NTFP,s commodity. The results indicated thatcullilawang essential oil’s traditionally used to cure, and treat a dailysymptoms or illness, such as skin care, protection from insect andmosquitoes, massages, and so on. It was found that using their ownexperiences, the cullilawang trees were selected based on a minimum DBHdiameter of 30 cm, and season of March-April, where the young leaves aregerminated, a stage or physiological conditions that a bark is less sticky tothe trunk. The selected cullilawang trees were felled, debarked usingtraditional ways and tools, as well as drying the debarked bark to reducemoisture contents and costs of transportation. The reduced moisture ofbarks was chopped prior to distillation.All chopped barks from whole trunkwere poured into the wooden tank distillator for single distillation time.Local scale and simple constructionof distillation kilnmade from local


material were used to extract the essential oil of cullilawang. The essentialoil collected, then filtered using compacted white cotton with funnel intodark bottles of the recycled bottles and then sealed. This essential oil ismarketed into local market or barter with other daily- consumed products.Harvesting and extracting cullilawang essential oil are purposed to earnextra incomes and alternative works for some forest people in Manggeravillage, particularly when they cannot go for planting, fishing andhunting.Probably, these practices are rational method to manage and utilizetheir own forest resources for as their needs, and probably could behighlighted as indigenous wisdoms leading to what we call as sustainableways.

Keywords: Indigenous knowledge, Mangesa, Irarutu, and cullilawangessential oil


POSTER PRESENTATION


LIST OF ACCEPTED POSTERS


1 P-0001 The Effect of Stock Plant Type And Iba Dosageon The Rooting of Neem (Azadirachta Indica)Shoot Cuttings

Agus Astho Pramonodan KurniawatiPurwaka Putri

2 P-0002 The Clusiaceae of Limestone Forests in Bogor,West Java: Plant Profiles and Values

Annisa Satyanti andRia Cahyaningsih

3 P-0003 Identification of Gaharu-Producing Trees inWest Kalimantan using RAPD Markers

Anthonius YPBCWidyatmoko

4 P-0004 Estimation of C-stored in unit IV KPHP WaeKawa District West Seram

A. Boreel, Th. Silaya,F. F. Tetelay, H. Siruru

5 P-0005 Habitat and Population of Ki Beusi in Eastkalimantan

Kade Sidiyasa, TriAtmoko and BinaSwasta Sitepu

6 P-0007 Why Do Forestry Development in IndonesiaNeed to Enhance Social Capital Developmenton Farmer Forest Groups?

Bugi Kabul Sumirat

7 P-0008 Orchid Diversity on Mount Slamet, CentralJava.

Destri, Rismita Sari,Danang W. Purnomo

8 P-0009 Performance Diagnosis of Forest ManagementUnit for Strategic Planning of SFM: AnInstrument Development and its Application

Dwiko B. Permadi,Rohman, SlametRiyanto

9 P-0010 Garcinia megaphylla Verdc. : The Effect ofStorage Methods on SeedGermination in BogorBotanical Garden

Elly Kristiati Agustin

10 P-0012 Dryobalanops, Potential Tree SpeciesEndangered to Become Almost Extinct

Gusmailina

11 P-0013 Trend of Land Use Change in Sub-watershedMiu Time Period Between 1990-2009

Hasriani Muis, INengah Surati Jaya,M. Buce Saleh, KukuhMurtilaksono

12 P-0014 Portable and simple preservative treatmentplant for small and medium furniture industries

Jasni, Ratih DamaYanti and Jack Norton



13 P-0015 Strategy for Genetic Resources Conservationof Sugar Palm (Arenga pinnata MERR)

Liliek Haryjanto andPrastyono

14 P-0016 Genetic variation, heritability and geneticcorrelation of Ficus variegata Blume seedlingsoriginated from Lombok Island

Liliek Haryjanto andPrastyono

15 P-0017 Exploration and Research of Flora in Mountdempo, South Sumatra

Lily Ismaini

16 P-0018 Stomatal Characteristics Study On SomeReclamation Plants Of The Post Tin-MiningLand In Bangka

Lina Juairiah

17 P-0019 The Politics Behind the Complexity ofCompeting Land Claims For Control StateForest Land

Lucas RumbokoWibowo

18 P-0020 Engineering of Legume Seeds ExtractingApparatus - A Prototype

M. Charomaini Z

19 P-0021 Habitat and Population of Gonystylusmacrophyllus (Miq.) Airy Shaw In YanlapaNature Reserve, West Java. 2Phytochemicaland Prospects of Utilization

M. Wardani and T.Setyawati

20 P-0022 Meranti Kuyung (Shorea ovalis (Korth.) Blume): M. Wardani, T.Setyawati and B. Yafid

21 P-0023 DNA Extraction Methods from Fecal of Banteng(Bos Javanicus D’Althon, 1823)

Maryatul Qiptiyah andAYPBC Widyatmoko

22 P-0024 Tree Improvement Of Pulai (Alstonia scholaris)For Forest Community To Suplay HandicraftRaw Material In Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

Mashudi and BudiLeksono

23 P-0025 Characteristics Of Ganoderma Sp. Causes OfRoot Rot Disease Attacked The FirstGeneration Seedling Seed Orchad Of Acaciamangium At Wonogiri, Central Java

Nur Hidayati dan SitiHusna Nurrohmah

24 P-0026 Spatial Modeling of Deforestation in DeliWatershed, North Sumatra Province

Nurdin Sulistiyono, INengah Surati JayaLilik Budi Prasetyo,Tatang Tiryana

25 P-0027 Occurrence and distribution of introduced birdspecies in West Timor, East Nusa Tenggara

Oki Hidayat



26 P-0028 Gender Role On Climate Change Adaption inthe Mountains Ecosystem at Solok District,West Sumatra

Pebrianti Kurniasih

27 P-0029 Ex-Situ Conservation Efforts ThroughExploration The Flora Diversity In KatinganNatural Forest Area, Central Kalimantan

Popi Aprilianti* & HaryWawangningrum

28 P-0030 Phylogenetic Analysis of Tengkawang (Shoreaspp.) using ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer)Marker (withdrawn)

Purnamila Sulistyawati,M. Agr.Sc

29 P-0031 Study on Clustering Jepara Furniture Industry Rachman Effendi30 P-0032 Rattan Industry In Indonesia: Research and

Development ChallengesRachman Effendi danTati Rostiwati

31 P-0033 Population and Nesting Habitat of Pig NosedTurtle (Carettochelys insculpta) in Papua

Richard Gatot NugrohoTriantoro and YWibisono

32 P-0034 AdaptiveTree Species For The Dry Areas toAnticipate Climate Change

Rina Laksmi Hendrati,Dedi Setiadi, HenrySuprianto, AlinMaryanti, Suwandi

33 P-0035 The Effect of Shorea as TengkawangProducers and Hedging Technique onSprouting ability

Rizki Ary Fambayundan Ari Fiani

34 P-0036 Study For Community Empowerment In ForestSubdistrict (Bkph) Majenang, WestBanyumas(Csc)

Saefudin

35 P-0037 Fragmentation analysis of tropical forestlandscape on Batang Toru Watershed,NorthSumatra

Samsuri, I NengahSurati Jaya, CecepKusmana, KukuhMurtilaksono

36 P-0038 Somatic Incompatibility Of Ganoderma FromFirst-Generation Seedling Seed Orchard OfAcacia mangium At Wonogiri, Central Java

Siti Husna Nurrohmahdan Nur Hidayati

37 P-0039 Plant diversity in a changing AgroforestrySystem: A case study from Kampung AngsanaKec. Leuwiliang, Kab. Bogor, West Java,Indonesia

Sri Rahayu



38 P-0040 The Growth Characteristics of Bamboo UsedHandycraft

Marfu’ah Wardani AndSutiyono

39 P-0041 Development of Deforestation Typology inSumatra

Syamsu Rijal, M. BuceSaleh, I Nengah SuratiJaya, Tatang Tiryana

40 P-0042 Enhancement of kulilawang (Cinnamomumculilawane Bl) seedling growth throughapplication of enriched arbuscular mycorrhizalbiofertilizer

Happy Widiastuti danTati Rostiwati

41 P-0043 Anisoptera costata Korth. and Vatica javanicassp. javanica v. Sloot.: Problematical in Java

Titi Kalima and TitiekSetyawati

42 P-0044 Economic Study on Bamboo Incense SticksIndustry in Malang, East Java

Sutiyono, UjangWawan Darmawan andTati Rostiwati

43 P-0045 Dynamics of Soils Fauna on DecompositionProcesses Under Jelutung Rawa

Wawan Halwany andManaon Ams

44 P-0046 Sap Tapping of Pinus Merkusii In HalimunSalak National Park By Communities AroundForest (Case Study In Purwabakti Village,Bogor Regency, West Java)

Yelin Adalina

45 P-0047 Land Use Under The Pine Stands in LocalCommunities Economic Improvement inHalimun Salak National Park

Yelin Adalina

46 A-0002 Efficacy Of Organic Pesticide Of Neem(Azadirachtaindicaa. Juss) Seed Against Dry-Wood Termite Cryptotermes CynocephalusLight

Agus Ismanto and UjangW. Darmawan

47 A-0003 Water Conservation Concern in Yogyakarta,Indonesia

Agus Suyanto

48 A-0020 Farmer forest groups in Indonesian ForestryDevelopment, where are they? (withdrawn)

Bugi Kabul Sumirat

49 A-0024 Subsidence Rate of Acacia crasicarpa PlantedPeatland at Bukit Batu, Riau over a Two-YearsMeasurement

Darmawan, BasukiSumawinata, and DPTBaskoro

50 A-0028 The Mapping of Mudflat Distributing as MigratoryBird Habitat Pesisir Pantai Timur, Deli SerdangRegency, Sumatera Utara

Desy Yani Harahap



51 A-0034 Mapping Vulnerable Areas to Deforestation in theGunung Mutis Nature Reserve

Eko Pujiono

52 A-0036 Economic Valuation of the Danau SentarumNational Park on West Kalimantan

Emi Roslinda, DudungDarusman, DidikSuharjito, Dodik RidhoNurrochmat

53 A-0040 Formation and Regeneration of Two Types ofTropical Rain Forest in Java, Indonesia

Fahrudin Darmawan,Nesty Pratiwi andIkhwanuddin Rofi’i

54 A-0042 The Diversity of Insects in Mangrove Ecosystem ofJakarta

Fitria Dewi Kusuma,Cecep Kusmana andNoor Farikhah Haneda

55 A-0043 The Mapping of Forest Biomass Classification toSupport Implementation of Climate ChangeProgram

Gun Mardiatmoko

56 A-0050 Application Of Spatial Analysis For PaymentEnvironmental Services In Conserving NorthernBandung Protection Area

Hikmat Ramdan

57 A-0055 Parent identification in a multi location trial seedorchard of Acacia mangium using microsatellitemarkers

ILG. Nurtjahjaningsih

58 A-0057 Growth Quality and Wood Characteristics of 4Year-Old Faster-Grown Teak (Tectona Grandis L.F.)

Imam Wahyudi and DickyKristia Dinata Sinaga

59 A-0058 Study of Community-owned forest local institutionson the forest certification group schemes inIndonesia

Inggita Utami

60 A-0064 Description Of Beetle (Order Coleoptera: Sub OrderPolyphaga, Fam. Anobiidae): New Record ForPotential Seed Pest Of Merbau [Intsia Bijuga(Colebr.) O. Kuntze]

Srihartati Harto, JuliusDwi Nugroho & SusantiTasik

61 A-0065 Estimation analysis of rainfall for peak of dischargeand soil erosion on the catchment area of musihydro-power plant, Bengkulu Province

Khairul Amri, A. Halim,Ngudiantoro, M. FaizBarchia

62 A-0071 Growth Performance Of Shorea Leprosula Miq.Progenies From Nine Mother Trees In The Wild ToBe Utilized As Ex Situ Genetic ConservationMaterial

M. Charomaini Z and NurDariyah



63 A-0073 The Upper Belantikan as the Last Bastion of theHabitat of Borneo Wild Oxs (Bos javanicus lowi)

M. Yunus Ardian Saputraand Eli Akbar

64 A-0075 Sago Conservation Effort in North Maluku: SavingCultural Identity byprotecting the sago sustainability in the future

Mardiyani Sidayat

65 A-0076 The Development Analysis Of Jelutung InAgroforestry System For Rehabilitation Of PeatlandDegradation At Central Kalimantan Province

Marinus Kristiadi Harun,Lailan Syaufina AndNurheni Wijayanto

66 A-0077 Chemical Kinetic Study and CharacterizationCompound Wood Wastes Based Pyrolysis

Mohammad Wijaya ,Erliza Noor, Tun TedjaIrawadi , Gustan Pari

67 A-0078 Climate variability in the Kapuas River basin(Kalimantan): impact on groundwater recharge

Muh. Taufik, DanielMurdiyarso and HennyA.J. van Lanen

68 A-0079 Common Low of Wehea Forest Muhammad As’ad andRudi Cahyo Purnomo

69 A-0094 Gerunggang, Prospective Species for Pulp andMedicine at Peat Swamp Forest and thePropagation Research

Reni SetyoWahyuningtyas

70 A-0096 Study on Anatomy and Leaves Fiber Strengthof Pandanus Tectorius (Park.) For FurnitureSubstitution Material

Retno Widiastuti andIma Rahimatussawaliyah

71 A-0104 Weather, Soil Moisture and Water Table Interactionin a Peat Land Integrated Water Zoning System inKampar Peninsula

Satyanto K. Saptomo,Dian Novarina, Aulia L.P.Aruan, Susilo Sudarman,Budi I. Setiawan, MuhajirUtomo

72 A-0106 Biophysical Study of Cardamom (AmomumCardomomum Willd.) Agroforestry System inCommunity Forest of Menoreh Mountains InKulonrpogo District, Yogyakarta Special Province

Singgih Utomo, Budiadi

73 A-0112 Pollen of Giant Corpse Flower, Viability AndPollination In Bogor Botanical Garden

Sudarmono, D. Latifah,Sri Hartini and H. W.Ningrum



74 A-0114 The growth of Gerhan plantations: A case study ofre-greening projects in Karanganyar Regency,Central Java Province, Indonesia

Susi Abdiyani, JamesMillner, Nunung PujiNugroho

75 A-0128 Role of Embung, ‘A Man Made Water Reservoir’ ToConserve Savanna Ecosystem And Its UtilizationFor People In East Nusa Tenggara Province

Wahyu Widiyono

76 A-0131 The Diversity of Soil and Water Microorganism ofMangrove Forest of Teluk Kelumpang, Selat Lautand Selat Sebuku Natural Reserve

Wawan Halwany danSusy Andriani

77 A-0135 Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume : an Endemic PlantSpecies Of Borneo

I.P. Astuti, Sri Rahayuand Winda Utami Putri

78 A-0139 Callus Induction From Stem Explant Of Ramin(Gonystylus bancanus (Miq) Kurz.)

Yelnititis

79 A-0140 Carbon Storage Potential in Taman Kota 1 BumiSerpong Damai (BSD), Serpong, TangerangSelatan, Banten as United Nations CollaborativeProgramme on Reducing Emissions fromDeforestation and Forest Degradation in DevelopingCountries

Yudhi Nugraha

80 A-0141 The Capacity of Non-Government Organizations toEnhance Peasants' Livelihoods through CommunityForestry in Indonesia

Yustina Ambarini M andDigby Race

81 P-0048 Ecotourism in Indonesian National Parks: An Optionto Improve Forest Dependent CommunitiesLivelihoods

Mei Meilani, Rik Thwaitesand Digby Race

82 P-0049 The assessment of health status of sengon(Paraserianthes falcataria) community forest inPesawaran District Lampung Province using ForestHealth Monitoring technique

Rahmat Safe’i,Hardjanto, Supriyanto,Leti Sundawati

83 P-0050 Sediment Related Disasters Induced by HeavyRainfall under the Influence of Climate Change inMountainous Ranges of Mexico, Japan, andIndonesia

Laura Sanchez-Castillo,Tetsuya Kubota, andHasnawir

84 P-0051 Modeling long term carbon accumulation of tropicalpeat swamp forest ecosystems

Sofyan Kurnianto,Matthew Warren, JulieTalbot, Steve Frolking,Daniel Murdiyarso,Boone Kauffman, RuthVarner


ABSTRACT

P-0001The Effect of Stock Plant Type and Iba Dosage on The Rooting ofNeem (Azadirachta Indica) Shoot Cuttings

Agus Astho Pramono dan Kurniawati Purwaka PutriSeed Technology Research Institute BogorJl. Pakuan, Ciheuleut PO BOX 105 Bogor 16001, Tep/Fax. 0251327768

Neem seed character is recalcitrant meaning that it can be stored only in alimited time. Therefore, vegetative propagation techniques arerecommended to be developed for providing adequate and regular suppliesof planting stocks. The research was aimed to assess the rooting ability ofcuttings collected from different types of stock plants and to find out theoptimum dosage of IBA for inducing the rooting of neem shoot cuttings.The research used Factorial Randomized Completely Bock Design with 2factors. Cuttings were collected from 3 types of stock plants: i) seedling, ii)hedged stock plants, and iii) trees. Cuttings were treated with variousdosages of IBA: i) 0 ppm (control), ii) 100 ppm, iii) 200 ppm, and iv) 300ppm. Each treatment consisted of 12 samples of shoot cuttings that weremaintained in 3 treatment blocks. The results showed that the difference onIBA dosages did not affect the rooting responses of shoot cuttings. Thecuttings derived from seedling had higher life percentage and root qualitythan those of hedged stock plants. All the cuttings derived from 7 years oldtrees were not able to produce new roots and finally dried out. Theestablishment of hedge orchard might be useful for rejuvenation of neemstock plants.

Keywords : Neem, IBA, cuttings, hedged orchard, rejuvenation.


P-0002The Clusiaceae of Limestone Forest in Ciampea, West Java: PlantProfiles and values

Annisa Satyanti and Ria CahyaningsihCenter for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Gardens

Limestone karsts are known as reservoir of biodiversity with high lvel ofendemism. The many karst hills in Bogor have been saved from agriculturalthrests for their rugged terrain, but they are now prone to mining. In ourprevious study, three species of Clusiaceae were identified: Garcinia dulcis,Garcinia lateriflora, and Garcinia parvifolia. Garcinia dulcis is known asJavanese apple and is currently getting rare. G. lateriflora distribution inIndonesia is restricted to Java. Garcinia parvifolia is known as asam kandis,a well known spice for food flavouring. Garcinia is known to have multi-values including its edible arils, spice, and dye or colouring. Most species inGarcinia are known for their gum resin, brownish-yellow from xanthonoids.


P-0003Identification of Gaharu-Producing Trees in West Kalimantan usingRAPD Markers

Anthonius YPBC WidyatmokoCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement ResearchEmail : [email protected]

Agarwood, also known as gaharu, is an important and highly commercialnon-timber forest product. As incense, perfume and medicine, it has beenused for hundreds of years by many cultures throughout the world. Resinimpregnated in the heartwood a number of gaharu-producing species is dueto fungal infection. Gaharu production is also controlled by genetic ofgaharu-producing trees. Identification of individual tree that can producegaharu after inoculation become important point before carried out artificialinoculation activity. In this research, samples were collected from Sanggau,West Kalimantan. Around 8 hectares (± 8000 trees) of Aquilaria microcarpa,A. malaccensis and A. beccariana were established. More than fourthousands individual trees were artificially inoculated using fusarium since2009. Among the inoculated trees, only 2 individual trees have positivelyproducing gaharu. One tree was A. malaccensis, and the other was A.beccariana. The aim of this research is to identify putative RAPD markers ofgaharu-producing trees. Screening of RAPD markers was carried out in 2times. The first screening was used 2 samples of positively producinggaharu and 2 mix samples from 8 samples those non-producing gaharu.Twenty four RAPD primers were screened. Four primers which producedputative loci were identified. The second screening used 12 samples andamplified using the four RAPD primers. Two putative loci were obtainedthose can distinguish positively producing gaharu with not-producinggaharu. The loci were A16-850 and A16-350. These putative loci are veryuseful to identify individual tree that can produce gaharu in seedling level.

Keywords: identification, RAPD markers, putative-loci, gaharu


P-0004Estimation of C-Stored In Unit IV KPHP Wae Kawa District WestSeram

Aryanto Boreel, Th. Silaya, F. F. tetelay, H. Siruru,Lecturer at the Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University ofPattimura AmbonE-mail : [email protected]

Increased CO² emissions have had an impact of greenhouse gases onglobal climate change. The high CO² emissions is due to the forestvegetation in it are no longer able to contribute to the maximum carbonsequestration and storage. The occurrence of forest fires, logging andconversion of forest land were factors in the reduced amount of carbonstore in forest. This Study aims to obtain data and information on theamount of carbon stored in forests especially in primary and secondaryforest strata in Unit IV KPHP Wae Kawa West Seram regency. Data werecollected at each strata where each stratum consists of three sample plot.In each sample plot measurements and estimating carbon stocks byconsidering the level of detail of the data that is biomass on the surface,subsurface, litter, necromass and soil organic matter. The results showedthat the number of C-stored in the primary forest strata ranged from201.2458 tons / ha – 247,6208 tons / ha, with the average of 224.9441tons / ha. Secondary forest C-stored magnitude ranged from 175.1545 tons/ ha – 201.9408 tons / ha, with an average of 185.0125 tons / ha. Numberof C-stored in the primary forest strata higher than the secondary foreststrata because the secondary forest strata in the study site is alreadydisturbed and logged-over areas. Besides factors vegetation density,structure and composition of the stands, tree diameter, tree species andland conditions also affect the amount of C-stored on both levels at thesites.

Keywords : CO² emission, C-stored, vegetation density, forest


P-0005Habitat and Population of Ki Beusi (Pongamia pinnata) in EastKalimantan

Kade Sidiyasa1), Tri Atmoko2) and Bina Swasta Sitepu3)

Institut of Research for Technology of Natural Resource ConservationJl. Soekarno-Hatta Km 38 Samboja Po.Box 578, East Kalimantan1) [email protected];2) [email protected];3) [email protected]

Ki Beusi (Pongamia pinnata) was known for its multipurpose benefits and asa potential source of biodiesel and medicinal plant. Study Habitat andPopulation of Ki Beusi was conducted in March until November 2012. Theobjective of this study was to find out condition of habitat and populationof Ki Beusi in East Kalimantan. Vegetation and soil analysis was conductedin the four district, that is Kutai Kartanegara, Berau, Kutai Timur, and Paserdistrict. The results of this study found 86 tree species in the habitat. KiBeusi was found in the coastal line to in land for about 60 m with. Thecomposition of plant species between location has different. Soil conditiondominated by sand with soil acidity neutral (pH 6,34 - 7,31) in Kutai Timur,Berau and Pasir and acid (pH 5,14) in Berau.

Keywords: Ki Beusi, Pongamia pinnata, Habitat, vegetation analysis,environment


P-0008Orchid Diversity on Mount Slamet, Central Java.

Destri1), Rismita Sari2), Danang W. Purnomo2)

1)UPT Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Cibodas.2) Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden Indonesian –LIPI

Survey on orchid diversity in certain location on Mount Slamet Central Javahad carried out on October 2011. The objectives of this study were to foundout the diversity of orchid and collected them to be conserved in BaturradenBotanic Garden, Purwokerto. From three different locations were found 22genera and 50 species of orchid, seven species of those are terrestrial andthe rest are epiphyte. Some of these orchids have potential for ornamentalplant and some of them are important for their scientific value. All of theseorchids were planted and maintained in orchid house collection ofBaturraden Botanic Garden.


P-0009Performance Diagnosis of Forest Management Unit for StrategicPlanning of SFM: An Instrument Development and its Application

Dwiko B. Permadi 1,2), Rohman1), Slamet Riyanto)1

1Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, UGM, Yogyakarta-Indonesia. E-mail : [email protected]

Improving performance of forest management units are of great importancein nurturing the java forests which is operated by state forest company(Perhutani) for almost 4 decades. To do so, forest planners and managersshould come up with a reliable, powerful and comprehensive instrument todiagnose the effectiveness of their programs or organization within theirforest territorial. The use of current instruments, such as Balanced ScoreCard and Malcolm Baldrige to measure the performance, is beneficial toincrease the quality of the process of management but only appropriate atthe corporate level, while at forest management unit (FMU) level is stillinadequate. This study developed instruments to diagnose the effectivenessof FMU using hybrid approaches that possibly work at operational levelespecially by focusing on outputs and outcomes of the organization as aresultant of complex processes, inside and outside organization boundaries.This covers sorts of criteria and indicators that represent a wide range ofperformances, that is financial sustainability, resource sustainability,production sustainability, and supporting environments. This diagnosticinstrument functions to map where current health position of the FMU andwhere the way forward an FMU can be directed, that is which criteria orindicators can be elaborated more by both forest planners and managers toimprove the quality of forest resources and business in the near future. Theapplication of this instrument in different FMUs is presented and the lessonlearnt of it is drawn.

Keywords: performance diagnosis, FMU, criteria indicators, forestplanning, Perhutani


P-0010Garcinia megaphylla Verdc. : The Effect of Storage Methods onSeed Germination in Bogor Botanical Garden

Elly Kristiati AgustinCenter for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden Indonesian -LIPIEmail : [email protected]

Garcinia megaphylla Verdc.belongs to the family Clusiaceae, which has ahigh economic value as the horticulture commodity. Its seed is one of therecalcitrant type that can not be stored for a long term and the seedviability decreases if the water content is less than 10%. The aim of thisresearch is to find the proper method of seed storage of G. megaphylla, sowater content can be maintained and the seed viability remains high. Theexperiment was conducted with storing (wrapping) the seeds in 4treatments: 1. seeds wrapped in aluminum foil, 2. seeds wrapped withcement paper, 3. Seeds stored in glass bottles,4. Seeds stored in plastic,and no treatment (control). Furthermore, seeds stored at room temperature(38 º C) for 40 days.Then the water level is measured seed and planted insand. The result shows seeds wrapped in alumunium foil provide a highergermination precentage( 76,67 %) while in control only 18,33 %. Theemergence of the fastest germination occurred with plastic storage at 13Weeks After Planting (MST).

Keywords : Seed viability, storage method, Garcinia megaphylla


P-0012Dryobalanops, the Potential Tree Species Endangered to BecomeAlmost Extinct

GusmailinaThe Centre for Research and Development on Forest Engineeringand Forest Products Processing)Jl. Gunung Batu No.5, Bogor 16610, IndonesiaEmail : [email protected]

Dryobalanops spp. typify as tree species that belong to the familyDipterocarpaceae. This species essentially provides timber for merchantitems, construction, and ship-building. In addition, this species also yieldsparticular items categorized as non-wood forest products (NWFP)commodity, such as oil and sap (exudates) which are obtained from its treestems. Formerly, this species was very famous for its high-priced oils andvaluable camphor crystals, which should be obtained from the inner portionof its stems. As a result, this action mainly for such precious crystalsbrought about intensively uncontrolled cutting/felling of this tree species,thereby endangering its extinction to the alarming level. In Indonesia,there are about 7 families of Dryobaranops, but so far only one speciesnamed as aramotica is known to yield such NWFP commodity. This treespecies frequently called as Dryobaranops aramotica nowadays has itshabitats become more and more difficult to find. This tree belongs to oneof the scarce species in Indonesia. Even, the IUCN (International Union forConservation of Nature) Redlist has listed this tree into a status as CriticallyEndangered Species. This status brings this threatened species to suchhigh alert that necessitates urgent action to overcome its possibleextinction. The distribution of D. aramotica in Sumatera (one of theIndonesia’s archipelago) is widespread covering Nangroe Aceh Darussalam(NAD) in Subulussalam town and Aceh Singkil subdistrict, while in NorthSumatera this species grows in Pak Pak Barat and Tapanuli Tengahsubdistricts. Borneol presents one of the main chemical compounds yieldedby the exudates of Dryobalanops sp. which affords high economic value,and is essentially needed for the synthesis of cosmetics as well as drugs.Consequently, the reexport of Dryobalanops species deserves urgentlycarrying out as an attempt to enrich and enhance its added values.

Keywords : Dryobalanops spp, critically endangered and almost extinctspecies, camphor oil and crystal, main chemical compounds, urgent actionand attempts


P-0013Trend of Land Use Change in Sub-watershed Miu Time PeriodBetween 1990-2009

Hasriani Muis1), I Nengah Surati Jaya2), M. Buce Saleh3), KukuhMurtilaksono4)

1) Ph. D student at Forestry Faculty of IPB and Lecturer at Forestry Facultyof Tadulako University,

2) Professor at Forestry Faculty of Bogor Agricultural University3) Lecturer at Forestry Faculty of Bogor Agricultural University2) Professor at Agricultural Faculty of Bogor Agricultural University

This paper describes the rate of land use changes occurred in Miu Sub-watershed. The Miu Sub watershed - which is located within the PaluWatershed has an important role in supplying water to the community ofPalu and its vicinity. From the historical data, it is recognized thatpopulation pressure on land use changes in the region is quite high. Themain causes of the land use changes and land degradation are forestconversion to agricultural land local farmers as well as the limitation of landownership. The study objective is to identify the trend and pattern of landuse changes as well as identifying its driving forces Miu Sub-watershed.The analysis includes muti-temporal image analysis using LANDSATimageries acquired in 1990, 2000, and 2009. Type and pattern of changesbetween two dates are analyzed, particularly for time period of 1990-2000,2000-2009 and 1990-2009. Image classification includes identification ofvarious types of land cover and land use i.e., agricultural land, forestplantation, mixed crop land, bare land, paddy fields, bushes, settlements,and natural forests. Land use changes area mainly triggered by varioustypes of land-based activities such as : encroachment, illegal logging,farming and settlement.

Keywords: Miu Sub-watershed, land use change, driving forces, trend andpattern


P-0015Strategy for Genetic Resources Conservation of Sugar Palm(Arenga pinnata MERR)

Liliek Haryjanto1) and Prastyono2)

1) Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, Jl. PalaganTentara Pelajar KM. 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55582Indonesia, e-mail: [email protected]) Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, Jl. PalaganTentara Pelajar KM. 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55582Indonesia, e-mail: [email protected]

Depletion of fossil fuels and increasing global energy demands lead to theneed to look for renewable energy sources. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnataMerr) is one of bioethanol-producing plants that has advantages comparedwith other ethanol-producing raw materials. There is a great potential ofsugar palm to be developed as a source of bio-ethanol, however theattention to this plant is overlooked. Sugar palm trees in Indonesia generallygrow naturally in the wild, and there is no adequate research into superiorsugar palm tree in term of sap (nira) production and its sucrose content. Toimprove sugar palm plantation productivity, tree breeding program isrequired. High genetic diversity of base populations of sugar palm willensure the tree breeding program to succeed as tree selection will be moreoptimal. Ex situ genetic conservation stands of sugar palm are required tomaintain its genetic diversity and to support future tree breeding activities.Proper strategy for establishing ex situ genetic resources conservation ofsugar palm is therefore needed.

Keywords: ex situ genetic conservation, sugar palm, Arenga pinnataMERR, tree improvement, renewable energy


P-0016Genetic variation, heritability and genetic correlation of Ficusvariegata Blume seedlings originated from Lombok Island

Liliek Haryjanto and PrastyonoCentre for Forest biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar KM. 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582, Tlp. (0274) 895954, 896080; Fax. (0274) 896080;Email: [email protected]

Genetic parameters were estimates for diameter and height characteristicsfor data of Ficus variegata Blume seedling planted in the nursery of Centrefor forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, Yogyakarta at about 8months of age. The trial compared 17 families originated from LombokIsland. The trial was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Designcomprises 17 families, 3 replicates and 10 seedlings. Analysis of variancewas performed on the characteristics and narrow sense heritability andgenetic correlation between the two characteristics were estimated. Therewere significant differences between families in the characteristics assessed.Family heritability for height and diameter characteristic were 0.98 and 0.91respectively, while genetic correlation between the two characteristics was0.7. This information is very important for future tree breeding program ofthe species.

Key words: Ficus variegata Blume, genetic parameter, diameter, height


P-0017Exploration and Research of Flora in Mount dempo, South Sumatra

Lily IsmainiUPT Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Cibodas-LIPICipanas, Cianjur, PO BOX 19 SDL, 43253Email: [email protected]

Exploration and Research of Flora in Mount Dempo, South Sumatra wasconducted in October, 2012. The aims of this study are: to collect livingspecimen, to conduct vegetation analysis, and to collect herbariumspecimen. Survey method was used to collect living specimen andherbarium specimen. The vegetation analysis of tree and ground coverusing transect method. The result showed that around 160 collectionsnumber of living specimen and 35 number of herbarium specimen had beencollected. The vegetation analysis showed that tree phase area wasdominated by Cassia sp. and Camellia sinensis with 83.83% and 77%Important Value Index, and Ground cover was dominated by Strobilantheshamiltoniana and Strophacanthus membranifolium with 12.20 % and 10.46Important Value Index.

Keywords: Exploration, Mount Dempo, Analysis vegetation


P-0018Stomatal Characteristics Study on Some Reclamation Plants of ThePost Tin-Mining Land in Bangka

Lina JuairiahUPT Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan, Kebun Raya Cibodas-LIPIEmail : [email protected]

Study on stomatal characteristics of some reclamation plants in the post tin-mining land in Bangka was conducted based on Wholemount method.According to the classification of stomata density, T.orientalis,C. bartramiaand S. garcinifolium were belong to high density category (> 500/mm2),while stomatal density V. pinnata was in the category of medium density(300-500/mm2). The average length of stomata T. orientalis, V. pinnata,and S. garcinifolium include length size (20-25 µm) criteria, while C.bartramia including long enough size (< 20 µm). Based on characteristicsthat the four types of stomata revegetation plants show V. pinnata grownmore adaptive of post tin -mining land in Bangka compared withT.orientalis,C. bartramia and S. garcinifolium.

Key word: stomatal density,stomatal size, revegetation, tin


P-0020Engineering of Legumes Seed Extracting Equipment – A Prototype

M. Charomaini Z.Centre for Forest biotechnology and Tree ImprovementJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem,Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582. Indonesia.E-mail: [email protected]

Legumes such as Acacia sp., Falcataria moluccana and other Albizia sp.become important multi purpose tree species in Indonesia, profitablecommunity plantation forests in Java. The need of good quality seedsescalates every year. Seed orchard produces genetically good quality seedsand should produce good physical quality and healthy seeds as well. Someof legume seeds remain in the pods via funicles at the ripe pods, thereforeto extract the seeds, workers should put the pods into a big plastic bag,trample down and hammering using wood stick, manually cleaning andseparating the seeds from debris or manually separates the seeds from thepods by using hands or sponge sandals. Such extraction methods are notpractical, takes time and budget. Commercial, imported seed extractingequipment for forest trees, plantation crops is very expensive and the partsare sometimes difficult to find. Therefore we engineered a seed extractingequipment based on appropriate technology which will hopefully becheaper. For the first attempt, we do it ourselves using parts which werelocally easy to find and cheap. The equipment was compiled of four parts ie.pods breaking unit, sieving unit, funicle’s releasing unit and final selectorunit to clean and separate seeds from the debris. The equipment wascompleted and preliminary trial had been conducted for Acaciaauriculiformis seeds. Seeds resulted from the final extracting process wascollected and calculated (by weight) for the proportion of the debris, brokenand clean seeds. The results were, debris: 3.25%, broken seeds: 4.68%and clean seeds: 92.07%. The big proportion of the clean seeds denotedthat the apparatus is applicable. To produce more than 95%, there shouldbe further improvement on every unit by modifications.

Keywords: Acacia sp, appropriate technology, clean seeds, engineering,extracting equipment, legumes.


P-0021

Habitat And Population of Gonystylus Macrophyllus (Miq.) AiryShaw in Yanlapa Nature Reserve, West Java.

M. Wardani and T. SetyawatiConservation and Rehabilitation Research and Development CenterJalan Gunung Batu 5, Bogor 16610, Ph: 62 0251 8633234; Fax: 62 0251863811E-mail: [email protected] ; [email protected] ;[email protected]

Gonystylus macrophyllus (Miq.) Airy Shaw is one of the rare tree species inWest Java. This species has categorized as Vulnerable (VU) under IUCN RedList Data Book. Exploration for obtaining data and scientific information ofG. macrophyllus was carried out during September 2011 in Yanlapa NatureReserve, Jasinga, West Java. Results indicated that the total number oftrees is very small. This finding suggested that there is an urgent action toprotect this species by means of in-situ and ex-situ conservation.

Keywords : endangered tree, habitat, population, conservation


P-0022Meranti Kuyung (Shorea Ovalis (Korth.) Blume): PhytochemicalAnd Prospects of Utilization

M. Wardani, T. Setyawati and B. YafidConservation and Rehabilitation Research and Development CenterJalan Gunung Batu 5, Bogor 16610, Ph: 62 0251 8633234; Fax: 62 02518863811E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ;[email protected]

Meranti kuyung (Shorea ovalis (Korth.) Blume), a species underDipterocarpaceae family, its bark has been to potentially use as a medicine.Exploration for obtaining samples of its bark was carried out duringSeptember and October 2012 in South Lampung forest area and ForestsResearch Cigerendeng, Ciamis. A phytochemical analysis of its bark wasdone to determine the secondary metabolic compounds. Results indicatedthat the bark contains alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids,and glycosides triterfenoid. Based on this finding, the prospect of merantimerkuyung to be utilized as commercial medicine need to be furtherexplored.

Keywords : meranti, bark, phytochemicals, medicine.


P-0023DNA Extraction Methods from Fecal of Banteng (Bos JavanicusD’Althon, 1823)

Maryatul Qiptiyah and AYPBC WidyatmokoBanteng (Bos javanicus D'Althon, 1823) is one of species classified asendangered by the IUCN Red List. The population of Banteng in theirnatural habitat has declined partly due to degradation of habitat, poaching,and inbreeding depression. Therefore, conservation program of the specieshave to be developed. Genetic population study using molecular markers isan important activity to support conservation efforts. DNA form Bantengshould be obtained for this study. Genetic materials from blood and hairfollicle are difficult to be collected because we have to trap the individual ofBanteng. Thus, the only genetic material can be collected is fecal. DNA fromfecal is qualitatively low and rapidly degradated. Therefore, DNA extractionmethod from fecal has to be improved. In this paper, we report DNAextraction method from fecal of Banteng. Fecal samples preserved withabsolute ethanol and were collected from the Alas Purwo and BaluranNational Park. The DNA extraction is carried out using 3 kits, WizardGenome DNA Purification Kit (PROMEGA), QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit(QIAGEN) and UltraClean Fecal DNA Kit (MO BIO). The successful of theextraction method was checked by amplification using 2 mitochondriaprimers, those are D-loop (primer specific for Banteng) and ITS-1 (universalfor flora).The PROMEGA kit did not produce any band for both primers. TheQIAGEN kit only produced band for D-loop primer. However, using MO BIOkit, both primers could be amplified. Using MO BIO kit, not only DNA ofBanteng could be obtained, but also the food of Banteng.

Keywords : Extraction, Fecal, DNA, D-Loop, Banteng


P-0024Tree Improvement of Pulai (Alstonia scholaris) for ForestCommunity to Suplay Handicraft Raw Material in Gunung Kidul,Yogyakarta

Mashudi and Budi LeksonoCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, YogyakartaJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta.E-mail: [email protected]

Wood handicraft industry, especially for mask and puppet purposes havebeen developed in Gunung Kidul, Jogjakarta. They used Pulai (Alstoniasholaris) as raw material to produce these products in the past, because thespecies is one of the native species, good grows and favorable propertiesfor wood handicraft. However, for a long time natural forests have beenexploited, cleared, damage by human activities and their areas havegradually declined, so the raw material of the species was also limited andgone. Present, to supply raw material and maintain production for theindustry, many other species are being used althought the wood quality islower than Pulai. The community in Gunung Kidul really want to use Pulaiagain as raw material to improve the quality of wood handicraft productionthrough community forest development program. For this purpose, thebreeding strategy for Pulai is developed to improve growth and quality ofwood properties. A progeny trial of Pulai was than established in GunungKidul at 2008 using genetic material from 5 islands in Indonesia (Lombok,Papua, Sumatra, Timor and Bali). Selected individuals with best characters(plus trees) will be further used as materials for propagation population.Four years old progeny trial of Pulai showed that mean annual increamentfor height and diameter were 0.93 m and 1.69 cm, respectively. Predictedindividual and family heritability of height and diameter were high (0.70 -0.85). Other result reported that vegetative propagation using shoot cuttingtechnique was also hight for survival percentage (88.69%).

Key word : Forest community, handicraft, pulai (Alstonia scholaris), treeimprovement.


P-0025Characteristics of Ganoderma sp. Causes of Root Rot DiseaseAttacked The First-Generation Seedling Seed Orchad of AcaciaMangium at Wonogiri, Central java

Nur Hidayati dan Siti Husna NurrohmahCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement ResearchJl Palagan Tentara Pelajar km 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta.Telp.: 0274-895954, 896080,E-mail : [email protected]

Ganoderma sp. is a pathogen which causing red root rot disease of Acaciamangium. This disease is a harmful causing the death of the wood thusreducing productivity. To cope with this disease need integrated strategiesthat include host factors, pathogen and environment. In addition to lookingfor host resistance through breeding and organize optimal environmentalconditions for plant growth but is not conducive to the growth of pathogens,are also needed information about pathogens. Therefore, to help control thered root rot disease, Ganoderma sp. should be identified both in the fieldand in the lab correctly. The purposes of this study is to look at thecharacteristics of the Ganoderma sp. which attacks seedling seed orchad ofAcacia mangium the first generation at Wonogiri Central Java. Activitiesundertaken is to identify the signs of the Ganoderma sp. both in the fieldand in the laboratory. Characterization of fungi is conventionally done byobserving the morphology of signs, such as the shape and color of the fruitbody, shape and color of mycelium etc. The survey suggests that there are3 groups morphology of Ganoderma fungus that attacks seedling seedorchad of Acacia mangium the first generation at Wonogiri, Central Java.Morphology of fungal fruit body Ganoderma sp. group 1 showed pilleuswavy, light brown to dark brown, shiny, thick piece context and there is awhite area on the edge pilleus. Morphology of fungal fruit body Ganodermasp. group 2 showed pilleus wavy, light brown to dark brown, not too shiny,part contect thinner than the first group. Morphology of fungal fruit bodyGanoderma sp. group 3 showed pilleus wavy, dark brown, not shiny, andthin sections that context. For area hymenophore all groups have similarcharacteristics, namely white. Isolates were isolated from fruit bodies allgroups showed that white mycelium on the early growth and will form adark yellow area in the middle. On further growth in the region will ocherwidening, turn brown and form crustose. For further identification of theGanoderma fungus species can be done with a verified DNA molecular.

Keywords : root rot disease, Acacia mangium, morphology, Ganodermasp.


P-0026Spatial Modeling of Deforestation in Deli Watershed, NorthSumatra Province

Nurdin Sulistiyono1), I Nengah Surati Jaya2) Lilik Budi Prasetyo3),Tatang Tiryana4)

1) Ph. D student at Forestry Faculty of IPB and Lecturer at ForestryDepartment, Agricultural Faculty of North Sumatra University,2,4) Department of Forest Management, Forestry Faculty of BogorAgricultural University3) Department of Forest Conservation, Forestry Faculty of Bogor AgriculturalUniversity

In carbon trading era, spatial modeling is useful for predicting land use andland cover changes as well as estimating their reference emission level(REL). Besides, the statistical modeling has been widely used to predict therate of deforestation. This paper describes how the statistical models arecombined with Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing to beused to predict the spatial distribution of deforestation in the landscapescale. The objective of the study is to predict spatial distribution ofdeforestation as well as to identify their driving forces in Deli WatershedNorth Sumatra Province. Physically, forest changes were detected withpost classification comparison (supervised classification) derived fromLandsat TM acquired in 1989 and ETM+ acquired in 2002. To developdeforestation model, binary classes, namely forest and non forest weredeveloped. The logistic regression model is then used for modeling andestimating the spatial distribution of deforestation. In the study, six factorsnamely proximity from road, proximity from river and proximity fromsettlement areas, elevation, slope and distance from the forest edge on theforest deforestation are studied. The study results showed that moredeforestations were occurred in the areas close to forest edge. The studyrecognized that simple spatial model could be used to predict the spatialdistribution of deforestation on the basis of significant driving factors.

Keywords : Deforestation modeling, logistic regression, Deli Watershed,driving factors


P-0028Gender Role on Climate Change Adaptation in the MountainsEcosystem at Solok District, West Sumatera

Yanto Rochmayanto1) , Pebriyanti Kurniasih2),

1) Researcher in Center for Climate Change and Policy Research andDevelopmentJl. Gunung Batu No. 5. Bogor.Email: [email protected]) Researcher in Forestry Research Institute of Fiber TechnologyJl. Raya Bangkinang-Kuok KM 9, Bangkinang RiauEmail : [email protected]

Climate change give most impact for women. However, the study of genderin the climate change is limited. This study aims to know about: 1) genderrole change as a respons of climate change, 2) the effect of gender rolechange for women`s vulnerability, and 3) adaptation strategy which genderresponsive. This study was conducted on mountainous ecosystems in SolokDistrict, West Sumatera. Gender role in adaptations of climate change wasanalyzed with a qualitative descriptive method. The results show thatchanges in temperature and rainfall patterns are slowly change productiverole of women. So, women clearly has a responsibility in a large portion ofagricultral production. Change in gender roles lead to gender inequalitysuch as marginalization of women, stereotype of women, subordination ofwomen, and doble burden for women. For reducing gender inequality ,adaptation strategy which gender responsif are needed. Strategies that canbe done such us 1) increased political role of women in leadership,community organization, and disaster management. 2) increased capacity ofwomen in the formal and non formal education. 3) cultural reconstruction toaccommodate a proportional division of roles, such us job creation toempower women.

Key words: climate change, gender roles, inequality of gender, andadaptation strategy wich responsif gender.


P-0029Ex-Situ Conservation Efforts Through Exploration the FloraDiversity In Katingan Natural Forest Area, Central Kalimantan

Popi Aprilianti & Hary WawangningrumPusat Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Bogor-LIPIJl. Ir. H. Juanda No. 13 Bogor, Jawa BaratEmail : [email protected]

Exploration of flora diversity in the natural forest area in the sub-districtSanaman Mantikei, district Katingan, Central Kalimantan conducted toinventory the plants in the region as an effort of ex-situ plant conservationin the Katingan Botanic Gardens. Activities carried out in February-March2013 by exploring logged forest areas and primary forests. Variouscategories of plants collected by fruit, medicinal, ornamental, endemic, andrare and protected plants. Explorative method is used by exploring thewhole area. Observation and identification results show that there are 231plant species included in the 69 tribes and 129 genera. Some plant speciesobtained are endemic to Borneo, including in the IUCN Redlist andprotected plant (Government Regulation No.7 of 1999). Species included inthe IUCN Redlist are Eusyderoxylon zwageri (Vulnerable A1cd +2 cd ver2.3), Durio dulcis (Vulnerable A1c ver 2.3), Dryobalanops lanceolata(Endangered A1cd ver 2.3). Etlingera aurantia, Diospyros borneense, andOsmoxylon borneense are the endemic plants of Borneo. Also, there isNepenthes reinwardtiana which is protected by Government Regulation PPNo.7, 1999.

Keywords : Exploration, Rare, Endemic, Borneo, Flora


P-0031Study on Clustering Jepara Furniture Industry

Rachman EffendiResearch and Development Center for Climate Change and Policy,Jl. Gunung Batu No.5, Bogor, Indonesia,Tel: + 62 0251 8633944,E-mail : [email protected]

Development of wood furniture industry in Jepara with industrial clusterapproach is aimed to to improve competitiveness. Industrial centres ofwood furniture in Jepara District are spread in several subdistrict anddifferentiation is occurred up to village level. The study was conducted atJepara District in 2010 and 2011. The results showed that categories ofexisting companies which conducting export through exporters and agentsof export destination countries dominate the number of furniture industry inJepara. The development of the furniture industry need to transform theindustrial centers into industrial cluster and the furniture industry expectedlywill get collective efficiency. The highest value added distribution is obtainedby big furniture industry is of Rp 4,182,004 (61,66% from the total woodadded value). Cluster of wood furniture industry generally consists of 3components of sub clusters, namely (1) sub-cluster of the core industry(main), (2) sub cluster of supporting industry, and (3) sub cluster ofinfrastructure and supporting institutions. The company having corecompetence will have high competitiveness, where the core competencemust become the competitive superiority, and it must be difficult to beimitated by the competitor and must have a wide application. The linkagebetween the wood furniture industry and the supplier of the raw material,have a strong interactive relationship. Therefore, to increasecompetitiveness of the Jepara furniture product, it is necessary to increasethe quality, the design innovation and punctuality of product delivery.

Keywords : Competitiveness, Jepara wood furniture, cluster industry,agent


P-0032Rattan Industry in Indonesia: Research and DevelopmentChallenges

Rachman Effendi1) and Tati Rostiwati2)

1)Center for Climate Change and Policy Research and Development2)Center for Improved Forest Productivity Research and DevelopmentJl. Gunung Batu No.5, Bogor, Indonesia,Telp : +62 0251 8633944,Email : [email protected]

Rattan is a very important NTFP commodity for livelihood of at least 2million people in Indonesia scattered in Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra andJava, and for foreign exchange earnings. Currently natural rattan productsin Indonesia are 250 to 300 thousand tons per year which is 85% of rattanworld production. Declining in the value of rattan exports and policychanging to ban export of raw rattan indicate the unstable condition ofrattan industry. Under utilization of rattan for industry provides anopportunity for existing business, especially for export purposes. Availablerattan technologies have not been widely implemented; therefore, strongrattan industry should be supported by research and development activities.Besides AFRD, many other institutions carry out R & D activities such asuniversities, NGOs, international agencies and private institutions. Itrequires coordination among those research institutes to optimize theutilization of funds and facilities. Synthesis of research results as 1)guidance and information for the users, 2) basis for an effective andefficient R & D planning, and 3) basic strategy of decision-making, shouldbe continuously encouraged. Research and development direction needs toaddress challenges such as developing rattan resources throughdevelopment of nurseries in rattan production centers, increasing utilizationof rattan species, increasing people's access to resources and markets,increasing competitiveness through improved marketing intelligencecapabilities, and establishing outlets and promotion abroad.

Keywords : rattan, rattan industry, non-timber forest products


P-0034Adaptive Tree Species for the Dry Areas to Anticipate ClimateChange

Rina Laksmi Hendrati, Dedi Setiadi, NurHidayatiResearchers at Centre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement,Yogyakarta, FORDAJl.Palagan T. Pelajar km 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta55582, IndonesiaTelp. 62-274-896080, 895954 Fax: 62-274-896080,Email: [email protected]

Global warming causing climatic changes has driven, living creatures,including plants, to sustain their existence by developing mechanism ofadaptation. Tree species growing under dry marginal areas are expected towithstand more to dry situations due to their previous adaptation forgenerations to their natural habitat. It is expected that they have developedmore strategies to cope with dry conditions in comparison to those thatgrow under favorable sufficient-water environments. Selection of localcommunity favorable plants from various places is needed to test theiradaptation capacity to the dry areas. Tree species collected from dry areasin Indonesia selected based on tree performance, multi-function, populationavailability, seed availability, local community recommendation and easinessto cultivate, were tested under 3 dry field trials and under controlled dryconditions. In the field, a number of 25 plants per accession were grown in3x3m distance with 3-5 replications totaling to 1725-2875 plants/site.Testing under controlled dry conditions was also undertaken for 16 speciesout of 20 species available depending on seedling materials available perspecies. Evaluation after 10 months had shown different survival with sevenspecies indicated high survivals with >70% in all locations. Among plantedspecies there were huge variations of pest and disease attack ranging from0-90.4%. Results of controlled conditions indicated significant variationsshowing different abilities of each species to deal with dry conditions. Thispresents verifications of different defensive abilities among tree species.Only with biodiversity by employing great variety of species, ecosystemdefense might occur especially under unpredicted global climatic change.

Keywords: Climate change, tree species, dry, field trial, controlled test


P-0035The Effect of Shorea spp. (Shorea pinanga, Shorea macrophylla,Shorea gysbertsiana) and Hedging Technique on Shoot Formation

Rizki Ary Fambayun dan Ari FianiCentre for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, Yogyakarta,IndonesiaJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km.15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582E-mail: [email protected]

Shorea spp. (Shorea pinanga, Shorea macrophylla, and Shoreagysbertsiana) as tengkawang producer is potential and has high economicvalue because it produces vegetable oil. Because of its high value, theirexistence become over exploitation. Due to the non optimal condition ofShorea as tengkawang producer regeneration, it is necessary to ensureregeneration efforts both natural and artificial. Vegetative propagationmethod is considered to support regeneration of the plants due to the lackof natural regeneration by seeds. The objective of this research was toinvestigate the effect of plant species (S. pinanga, S. macrophylla, and S.gysbertsiana) and hedging technique of Shorea on its shoot formation. Thisresearch was arranged in Group Randomized Design with 3 Shorea speciesas tengkawang producer e.i. S. macrophylla, S. pinanga, and S.gysbertsiana, and 2 hedging technique e.i. with a branch left and with nobranch left as treatments. Each treatment had 5 seedlings and 3 replicationsfor every hedging technique. The total numbers of units that are observedare 90 plants. The results showed that there was significant differencebetween Shorea as tengkawang producer and hedging technique on theshoot formation. However, there was no significant different for length anddiameters of shoot. Shorea gysbertsiana had high value in shoot formation(7,78 shoots). Hedging technique with high value of shoot formation (4,25shoots) was hedging technique with no branch left. Further research thatcould be done is about the ability of S. gysbertsiana for vegetativepropagated through shoot cuttings because it has good response onshoot formation.

Keywords: Shorea as tengkawang producer, hedging technique, shootformation


P-0036Study for Community Empowerment in Forest Subdistrict (BKPH)Majenang, West Banyumas (CSC)

SaefudinResearch Center for Biology, Jl Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, CSC, Bogor,Indonesia. (021) 8765066Email : [email protected]

Research of Community participation in production forest management inBKPH Majenang purposes to identifying the type of participation thatimproves the management process, planning facilitation combiningrelevance and potential behavior, and giving advice to local governmentsand forest manager. The research method used a qualitative approach,started with the collection of data from the resource persons (head of forestsubdistrict, chiefs of village, forest farmer groups, tappers and communityleaders), followed by data observation, member check and triangulation toensure validity of the data. Field data and visual pictures of thephenomenon of forest management and participatory are analyzeddescriptively, by positioning the researcher as program facilitator. Manygroups of actively participate in forest management, with community ofintegrated farming system developed to move the farm in the village forest.The forms of participation are mostly manpower, from tappers and farmers'group members who put in village institutions forest (LMDH), and othergroups that motivate and facilitate public participation indirectly. Publicparticipation is influenced by resources factors, the extent of arable farmingand tapping sap area, counseling activities, the involvement of village andsubdistrict governments, also depend on benefits for the forest community.Training and skills courses, also awareness efforts to the youngergeneration is needed to increase participation in the management of forestproductions with the community.Keyword : Community empowerment, integrated-farming, participation,forest management.


P-0037Fragmentation analysis of tropical forest landscape on BatangToru Watershed, North Sumatra

Samsuri 1), I Nengah Surati Jaya 2), Cecep Kusmana 2), KukuhMurtilaksono 3)

1) Ph D Student at Forestry Faculty of IPB, Lecturer at Forestry Departmentof Agricultural Faculty Sumatera Utara University2) Profesor at Forestry Faculty of IPB,3) Profesor at Agricultural Faculty of IPBE-mail : [email protected]

Forest management solely oriented on wood is increasingly irrelevant tothe function of forest as broader ecosystem. Landscape-based forestmanagement should be formulated to get more optimal function of forestecosystem. During several past decade, Indonesia forest managementresult many problems, i.e., forest degradation and forest landscapefragmentation. Further more, tropical forest fragmentation is triggeringthe decline of forest ecosystem function including hydro-orological and thebiodiversity conservation functions. Monitoring fragmentation forestlandscape is required to develop strategy on managing the remainingforest landscape. This study objective is to measure the rate of forestlandscape fragmentation in Batang Toru catchment area as well as toidentify the triggering factors of forest landscape fragmentation. Landsatsatellite imageries acquired in 1989, 2001, and 2013 were used to detectland cover and landuse changes between dates. Fragstat was used torecognize a pattern and structure of the forest landscape, while metriclandscape was used to analyze the trend of changes and measure thedegree of fragmentation on forest landscape. This study found that forestarea tend to decline due to the increase of forest fragmentation. Highestfragmentation was found mainly within the downstream , followed on themiddle part of Batang Toru catchment area. The human factor wasidentified to have positive correlation with the degree of fragmentation,where high intensity of fragmentation was occurred within highly populatedarea. Fragmented of forest was separated by plantation, shrub, andsettlement.

Keywords : fragmentation, forest landscape, Fragstat, Batang Toru


P-0038Somatic Incompatibility of Ganoderma From First-GenerationSeedling Seed Orchard of Acacia Mangium at Wonogiri, CentralJava

Siti Husna Nurrohmah dan Nur HidayatiCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement Research,Jl.Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km. 15, Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,YogyakartaTelp.: 0274-895954, 896080Email: [email protected]

Acacia mangium is a fast growing tree species. Acacia was attacked rootrot. For controlling disease, need study host, pathogens, environment andinteraction these factors. Somatic incompatibility carried out to revealdisease spread of ganoderma cause root rot disease. Somatikinkompatibility, has been succesfully used to study structure of thepopulation of many basidiomycetes. Somatic incompatibility can also beused to determine wether fungal isolates are from different genotype or areclones of single genotype. The result of SI test showed incompatiblereaction for all pairing except self pairing. Incompatible reaction waspresent in pairings especially isolat were compared with isolates E, F, G andI. Incompatibilty was observed from formation of demarcation line, sparsezone and pigment formation between colony which compared. The result SItest indicate that isolats Ganoderma from seed orchard A. mangium F1 inWonogiri, Center Java are from different genotype or they are not singlegenotype. That is indicate that the spread of root rot not only occured byroot contact betweern healthy and infected trees but also from spread ofspores.

Keywords : somatic incompatibility, ganoderma, Acacia mangium, root rot


P-0039Plant diversity in a changing Agroforestry System: A case studyfrom Kampung Angsana Kec. Leuwiliang, Kab. Bogor, West Java,Indonesia

Sri RahayuBogor Botanical Gardens-Indonesian Institut of SciencesJl Ir. H. Juanda 13 Bogor

People in Kampung Angsana have been practice agroforestry system fortheir income. They grow divers of fruit trees but recently, the change havebeen made into commercial timber. The fruit trees agroforestry system stillmaintain plant diversity mainly for epiphyte, shrub, climber and little oftrees as source of medicines, vegetable, firewood, forage, etc . But incommercial timber trees system, the diversity was lower. The study hadbeen made to reveal the comparison between the increase of economicincome and biodiversity loss between two systems. The assessment ofplant biodiversity via vegetation analyses was done in quadrat method. Thecomparison between economic income (in rupiah) was collected from theorchard owner.Keywords: agrofortry system, economic income for rural people, plantdiversity


P-0040The Growth Characteristics of Bamboo Used Handycraft

Marfu’ah Wardani 1), Sutiyono 2), Tati Rostiwati 2)

1) Centre for Research and Development of Rehabilitation and Conservation2) Centre for Research and Development of Forest Productivity ImprovementJln Gunung Batu No 5.Email address : [email protected]

Bamboo community as source of handicraft raw materials have typicalcharacteristics caused way taking their culms. Five kind of bamboocommunity namely bambu haur (Bambusa vulgaris v. vitata Schard.),bambu tali (Gigantochloa apus Kurz.), bambu andong (G.pseudoarundinaceae Widjaja), bambu temen (G. verticillata Kurz.) andbambu hitam (G. atroviolaceae Widjaja) has been investigated in Ciamisand Tasikmalaya region. This research purpose to obtain information growthcharacteristics their clump, culm and internodes. For that, done datacollection consists of nine growth parameters namely number ofculm/clump, circumference of clumps, height of culm, diameter of culm,.weight of culm, number of internode, length of internodes, diameter ofinternode and thick culm wall. Data of number of culm and circumferencewill be used computed the density clump. They were calculated by analysisof variance and on the significant difference will be checked by HSD-test.The results showed that almost of all parameters are the significantdifference except for density clumps. In this paper also were completed withfigures the characteristics of culm internodes.Keywords : five kind of bamboo community, raw material of handicraft,


P-0041Development of Deforestation Typology in Sumatra

Syamsu Rijal, M. Buce Saleh, I Nengah Surati Jaya, Tatang TiryanaLaboratorium Perencanaan dan Sistem Informasi KehutananFakultas KehutananUniversitas HasanuddinJl.Perintis Kemerdekaan km 10 Tamalanrea Makassar 90245

The rate of deforestation in Sumatra is the highest among other regions inIndonesia. Spatially, there are wide variations on deforestation rate in theregion. The variation can be classified into some unique typologies thatmainly due to biophysical and socio-economic factors. This paper describeshow the typology of deforestation is developed and how the relationshipbetween the deforestation and its corresponding typology is identified. Theobjective of this study was to identify the rate of deforestation within eachtypology in Sumatra. To facilitate the analysis, this study used Landsatimages recorded in 1990, 2000, and 2010. Biophysical factors such asecosystem type, topographic, soil type, climate type were considered in theanalysis, as well as socio-economic factors such as population, GDP,livelihood, age classes, education level and others. The spatial analysis wasused to identify the level and distribution of deforestation in Sumatra. Thestudy found that the significant factors that form deforestation topologywere biophysic, social and economic factors. This study concluded that thehighest rate of deforestation in Sumatra were found in Riau and Jambi area.It was influenced by the amount of forest conversion activities into othersactivities like plantation, cultivation, and mining.

Keywords : deforestation, typology, spatial analysis


P-0042Enhancement of Kulilawang (Cinnamomum Culilawane, Bl)Seedling Growth Through Application of Enriched ArbuscularMycorrhizal Biofertilizer

Happy Widiastuti 1) dan Tati Rostiwati 2)

1) Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute for Estate Crops2) Centre for Research and Productivity Improvement

The growth of seedling is an important phase in the provision of plantingmaterials and phosphorus is one of the limiting nutrient, especially inmarginal lands. Most of the trees form association with arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi that increase the uptake of P nutrient. Kulilawang is aplant that has the potency as medicines and cosmetics plant that aredeveloped to support the development of non-timber forest crops. Howevernursery techniques still require optimization to get good quality of seedlings.The study was conducted to test the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizalbiofertilizer enriched with N finxing, P solubilizing, and growth promotingbacteria on the growth of kulilawang seedling growth until the age of 7months. The experiment was conducted in nursery Centre for ForestProductivity Research and Development Research and Development. Thetreatments tested were 1) blank (Bl), 2) 100% inorganic fertilizer (K100), 3)50% inorganic fertilizer+10 g arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi basedbiofertilizer, and 4) 20 g arbuscular mycorrhizal based biofertilizer (M20).The results showed that at 2 months after application of mycorrhiza,kulilawang seedling of Bl, K100, and K50M10 showed the same growth, butwith increasing incubation time, K50M10 treatment produced the highestgrowth. This result is in line with a stem diameter although there is nodifferences between K50M10 and Bl. Fresh weight biomass observationindicate that both the fresh weight of roots, leaves, and stems, on K50M10treatment showed the highest weight value and the result is in line with theobservations of dry weight biomass. The growth of Kulilawang treated with50% inorganic fertilizer in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungibiofertilizer compared to those fertilized with 100% inorganic fertilizer was40% and 22% higher respectively in term of fresh and dry weight. Theshoot root ratio observations showed that seedlings fertilized withmycorrhizal provide better root growth resulting in a lower ratio of shootroots compared to those K100 seedlings. In general, this studydemonstrated that the effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizer application can beseen after 7 months of incubation, and the application of this type ofbiofertilizer increase the efficiency of inorganic fertilizer since the dose ofinorganic fertilizer could be reduce 50% .Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biofertilizer, kulilawang, fertilizerefficiency


P-0043Anisoptera costata Korth. and Vatica javanica ssp. javanica v.Sloot.: Problematical in Java

Titi Kalima and Titiek SetyawatiCenter for Conservation and Rehabilitation Research and DevelopmentEmail: [email protected] ; [email protected]

Anisoptera costata Korth. and Vatica javanica ssp. javanica v. Sloot is aspecies of tree native to Indonesia. Anisoptera costata Korth. widespread inJava, Sumatra, and Kalimantan; While the spread of Vatica javanica ssp.javanica v. Sloot only in Java. Exploration and an inventory carried out indifferent areas of natural forest in Java. The wood two species areextensively used for general contruction,inferior finish, ship planking, veneerand plywood. The bark is used as source of resin. The Status of the twospecies is rare and hard to find in its natural habitat, it is necessary tostudy, research and development of rare trees especially are endangered.The in-situ conservation, ex situ and genetic really needed.Keywords : rare, conservation, Dipterocarp, Java


P-0044Economic Study on Bamboo Incense Sticks Industry in Malang,East Java

Sutiyono 1), Ujang W. Darmawan 2), Tati Rostiwati 3)

1 ) Center for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and DevelopmentJl. Gunungbatu No. 5, Po. Box 311 Bogor 16118.Email: [email protected]

2 ) Center for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and DevelopmentJl. Gunungbatu No. 5, Po. Box 311 Bogor 16118.Email: [email protected]

3 ) Center for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and DevelopmentJl. Gunungbatu No. 5, Po. Box 311 Bogor 16118.

The research was conducted to 1), describe the requirements of rawmaterials for bamboo incense stick, 2) describe the process of bambooincense stick production, 3), analyze the feasibility of bamboo incense stickindustries, 4) determine the minimum extent of bamboo plantation toassure of sustainability production. The method was survey on severalbamboo incense stick industries in Malang, East Java. The feasibility wasanalyzed by B/C method whereas other objectives were analyzeddescriptively. The results were; 1) 5-7 years old of betung (Dendrocalamusasper) bamboo were required for raw material with air dried for 5-7 daysbefore processed, 2) production process was bamboo culms were cut, split,planed, moulded and polished, 3) bamboo incense sticks industry wasfeasible with B/C value = 1.4 and 93.6 days of payback period, 4) theextent of bamboo plantation should be provided to support the industry was3.9 ha with the production capacity of industry was 150 kg/day.

Keywords : bamboo, feasibility, incense stick, minimum extent, plantation


P-0046SAP Tapping of Pinus Merkusii in Halimun Salak International Parkby Communities Around Forest : Case Study in Purwabakti village,Bogor regency, West Java

Yelin AdalinaResearchers at the Center for Conservation and RehabilitationJl.Gunung Batu 5, BogorTel. (0251) 863324; 7520067Fax (0251) 8638111E-mail: [email protected]

In 2003 the Halimun National Park area was expanded to most of ProtectedForest and Production Forest that were previously managed by PerumPerhutani from 40,000 hectares to 113,357 hectares to the Halimun SalakNational Park (HSNP). Appointment to HSNP region by the Minister ofForestry No.175/kpts-II/2003. Various problems in the management ofHSNP unresolved until now such as the lack of economies of forestcommunities. Various programs have been implemented by the nationalpark management in order to improve the economics of forest communities,such as the utilization of non-timber forest products in the national parkarea like the use of pine sap. The purpose of this study was to determinethe production and income of tapper farmers in the Halimun Salak NationalPark. Research was conducted in Kampung Cigarehong, Purwabakti village,Bogor Regency, West Java Province. It was held in October 2012. Primarydatas were obtained through in-depth interviews using semi-structuredquestionnaires and direct observation, and secondary datas were obtainedfrom research related institutions. Selection of respondents was by census,in example pine sap tappers respondents from Jembar Bakti ConservationVillage Community groups (GCV) by 20 respondents. Data were analyzeddescriptively. The results showed that the number of trees managed byfarmers ranged between 100-250 trees with an average of 143 trees perperson. Number of trees tapped ranged between 10-50 trees/day/personwith an average of 2 trees/day /person. Distance from villagers house to thetapping location intercepts ranging between 1-2 miles. The time tookapproximately 7 hours per day, so that farmers can find a second job forthe rest of time. The resulting sap production ranged between 32-140kg/month/person with an average production of 56 kg/person/month. Thetapper farmers' income between Rp80,000-Rp150,000/month with anaverage income of Rp 138,750/month,-.Keywords : Tapping, Pinus merkusii, communities around forest


P-0047Land Use Under The Pine Stands in Local Communities EconomicImprovement in Halimun Salak National Park

Yelin AdalinaResearchers at the Center for Conservation and RehabilitationJl.Gunung Batu 5, BogorTel. (0251) 863324; 7520067, Fax (0251) 8638111Email: [email protected]

Halimun Salak National Park (HSNP) existence can not be separated fromthe people residing in and around the area that has a high level ofdependence on the natural resources available in the region. HSNP regionhas led to the appointment of conflict over land ownership and use ofnatural resources. This problem, closely related to subsistence communitieswho live in and around the area HSNP, which the main source of livelihoodfrom agriculture. Until now there hasn’t been much studied how much theland use contributes to the livelihoods of forest communities. This studyaims to determine the types of flora under the pine stands to improve theeconomy of the forest communities. Research conducted in KampungCalobak and Bobojong, Tamansari village in December 2012.Administratively, the study site is located in Bogor regency, Gunung SalakResort I, Management Section of National Park Bogor II Region. Primarydata were obtained through in-depth interviews using questionnaires andsecondary data obtained from research related institutions. Purposiveselection of respondents, ie 30 respondents who have arable land in theregion HSNP. Obtained datas were analyzed descriptively. The resultsshowed that 72.73% of respondents belong to the productive age. Mostrespondents are still very low education levels, amounting to 77.27% ofrespondents with a Elementary school education level (SD). Acreagemanaged under the stands of Pine HSNP region ranged from 500-6000 m2

with an average of 2,476 m2/person land use. Most respondents did nothave land, so that the needs of their household economy is highlydependent on land use in the region HSNP. Respondents net income of landuse in the region HSNP ranged from Rp.80,000 to Rp.915,000,-/month withan average income of Rp 444,000,-/month. Respondents' income levels arevary widely, this depends on the wide and type of plants that’s run. Thereare nine types of plants grown under pine stands. All respondents Pohpohanplant (Pilea melastomoides) under pine stands in support of their domesticlife.

Keywords : Land use, Pinus merkusii, local communities, Halimun SalakNational Park


A-0002Efficacy of Organic Pesticide of Neem (Azadirachta Indica A. Juss)Seed Against Dry-Wood Termite Cryptotermes Cynocephalus Light

Agus Ismanto1) and Ujang W. Darmawan2)

1 ) Forest Products and Forestry Engeneering R and D Center, Bogor2 ) Center for Forest Productivity Improvement Research and Development,Bogor

Green and ecological friendly based development was popular to responsenature sustainability issue. It is therefore natural based ingredient utilizationincluding organic based pesticide is part of environment care. One oforganic based pesticide came from neem (Azadirachta indicia A. Juss) seedextract. This research was aimed at efficacy of neem (A. indica) seedextract based pesticide against dry-wood termite Cryptotermescynocephalus Light. The method was completely randomized design with 5replications. The neem seed extract at various concentration 0% (control),1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% were tested against dry-wood termite using filterpaper as sample test. Observation was conducted to obtain response of dry-wood termite mortality, protection degree and weight loss of sample test.Data was analyzed using Analysis of Varian for dry-wood termite mortalityand weight loss. The analysis was continued with Dunnet test (CI 95%).Non parametric analysis (Kruskal-Wallis) also used for protection degree ofsample test. The dry-wood termite mortality showed no significantlydifferent between treatment and control (0.062>0.05). The similar resultalso was shown by protection degree (0.664>0.05). Otherwise, significantlydifferent was shown by weight loss variable with assymtotic significance0.00<0.05. The research exposed the effect of neem contained compoundon termite.

Keywords : Neem seed extract, dry-wood termite, mortality, weight loss,protection degree.


A-0003Water Conservation Concern in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Agus SuyantoAddresss : Jl. Janti Km 4, Gedongkuning YogykartaSchool of Environmental Engineering, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Email : [email protected]

People’s awareness and consciousness of the natural environment has beensteadily increasing over the past three decades. In accordance with thisoccurrence, there has also been an expansion of studies and research thatexamined people’s attitudes, behavioral intentions and behavior towards thenatural environment including water conservation issues. The objective is toexamine the concern among tourist in Yogyakarta especially in terms ofcountry origin, gender and marital status category towards WaterConservation Concern (WCC). The method research is an exploration studywith quantitative methods using close-ended survey was used in this study.The analysis of data was conducted by using Statistical Package for theSocial Sciences (SPSS). A number of bivariate analysis techniques were usedto examine the relationships between the different study variables.Frequencies analysis to figure out the distribution of WCC opinion items. Anexploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation was conducted on 12WCC items. The result of this research shows that factor analysis which isapplied to the 12 items has constructed those three new variables which arereliable and valid for analysis. It also suggests that there is no difference interms of gender towards water conservation concern. But, in terms countryof origin category and married status, in general there is differencesensitiveness towards water conservation concern. This finding confirmsresults of previous environmental behavior research, that socio-demographics factor had relatively little or no influence on environmentalattitude (J.R. McGuire, 1992).

KeyWords : Conservation, Concern, Socio-Demographic, Water,Yogyakarta.


A-0028The Mapping of Mudflat Distributing as Migratory Bird HabitatPesisir Pantai Timur, Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatera Utara

Desi Yani Harahap1), Pindi Patana2) Rahmawaty 3)

1)Bachelor of Forestry Studies Program Faculty of Agriculture, University ofSumatera Utara. E-mail: [email protected])Lecturers Forestry Program University of Sumatera Utara,e-mail : [email protected])Lecturers Forestry Program University of Sumatera Utara,e-mail : [email protected]

Mudflat ecosystem and mangrove ecosystem each other as the migratorybird habitat. Information and research on migratory shorebirds habitat isless, it is necessary to do research on mapping the distribution of mudflat ashabitat for migratory birds with the application of Geographic InformationSystems (GIS), is expected to give information for the conservation ofmigratory shorebirds. This research was purposed to mapping of mudflatdistributing as migratory shorebirds habitat. This research was conductedfrom May 2012 - November 2012. The method was first performed wasmaking the point coordinates mudflat distribution, and then mapping thedistribution of mudflat using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)especially using Arc View 3.3., with buffers method. The results mappingshowed in Pesisir Pantai Timur Deli Serdang regency there were mudflats asmigratory shorebirds habitat, with a buffer area of 8064.472 ha, thetraverse path length is 26.844 km in the Pesisir Pantai Timur Deli Serdangregency.

Keywords: mudflat, migratojhjhfkahfkanry birds, GIS


A-0034Mapping Vulnerable Areas to Deforestation in the Gunung MutisNature Reserve

Eko PujionoJl. Alfons Nisnoni (Untung Surapati) No. 7 (Belakang) Kupang 85115,IndonesiaE-mail : [email protected]

The objective of this paper is to determine vulnerable area to deforestation.The Gunung Mutis Nature Reserve (GMNR), a conservation forest located inEastern of Indonesia was selected as study area. The combination of MultiCriteria Evaluation (MCE) method and Geographic Information System (GIS)spatial analysis were used to produce map of vulnerability area todeforestation. The main data used were spatial-related data, previousrelated-studies, interview with the GMNR management and informationfrom experts related to area that vulnerable and susceptible todeforestation. Based on those data, three criteria were defined namely,accessibility (distance from settlement and slope), safe from forest ranger(distance from road and view shed) and close to existing agriculture(distance to existing agriculture). GIS spatial analysis operations were thenperformed to prepare criteria map. Scores based on their vulnerability todeforestation were given on each of the criteria. The lowest scorerepresented the area that was not vulnerable to deforestation and thehighest score represented the vulnerable area to deforestation. Afterscoring, weighting process was applied by giving the ranking on eachcriterion based on their importance on deforestation processes. Then,weighting overlay operation was performed to produce map of vulnerabilityarea to deforestation. Results showed that approximately 66% of GMNRareas were not and low vulnerable and 34% remained area werecategorized as moderate and high vulnerable areas to deforestation.Implication of results, the GMNR authority should pay more attention invulnerable areas than non-vulnerable areas. Information about vulnerabilityarea to deforestation could be useful for the forest authority to formulateplans or strategies and to decide what priority should be taken to combatdeforestation.

Keywords: vulnerability, deforestation, multi criteria evaluation, GIS


A-0036Economic valuation of the Danau Sentarum National Park on WestKalimantan

Emi RoslindaFaculty of Forestry Tanjungpura UniversityJalan Imam Bonjol Pontianak - IndonesiaE-mail : [email protected]

The Danau Sentarum ecosystem in West Kalimantan is officially protectedby its status as an Indonesian national park. Nevertheless, it remains undersevere threat of deforestation. Rainforest destruction has already caused adecline in ecosystem functions and services. Besides, it is affectingnumerous econimic activities in and around the Danau Sentarum NationalPark. The objectives of this study to determine the total economic value(TEV) of the Danau Sentarum ecosystem through market price method andsubtitution price method. The direct use value of Danau Sentarum NationalPark is IDR 18,5 billion/year while the indirect use value of Danau SentarumNational Park is IDR 34,2 billion/year. The option value of Danau SentarumNational park is IDR 86,2 billion/year. The total economic value resulted inDanau Sentarum National Park is IDR 139,1 billion/year, equivalent to anaverage of IDR 1,1 million/year for the total park area (132.000 ha). Basedon monetary values of ecosystem services that are provided by this park willcould to assess the mechanisms to finance the park’s conservation andsustainable use. This will help the self-management of national parks.

Keywords : valuation, ecosystem services, total economic value,management, national parks


A-0040Formation and Regeneration of Two Types of Tropical Rain Forestin Java, Indonesia

Fahrudin Darmawan, Nesty Pratiwi and Ikhwanuddin Rofi’iFaculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah MadaJalan Agro, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281IndonesiaEmail : [email protected]

The study area observed two types of natural forest are tropical lowlandevergreen rain forest and tropical lower montane rain forest to determinegeneration of forest (seedling, sapling, pole and tree) and investigated theformation of forest canopy layer include the upper class, middle class andunder class. The factors cause formation and regeneration difference of twoforest types are also known in this observation. The method was used in theecological study by plot. The study area observed forest regeneration andforest formation by five times replicate in both types of tropical rain forest.Regeneration parameter observed number of individual seedlings, saplings,poles and trees by plot subs in it and the forest formation observed of treeheight to determine canopy layer class of tree. The result shows that thetropical lowland evergreen rain forest is found many seedlings (2020),saplings (164) and trees (12). Many poles (43) are found in area of tropicallower montane rain forest. Vertical structure shows many trees individualare found upper layer class (27.93%) and middle layer class (49%) in thetropical lower montane rain forest. While the under layer class (58.5%) arefound a lot in the tropical lowland evergreen rain forest. This observation isimportant for tropical rain forests because in addition to direct observationin natural forests as well to see the shape of the formation and regenerationof the forest in order to reach equilibrium shape. In addition, thisobservation can train skill of junior forester to jump into the field of tropicalforest.Keywords : Forest Regeneration, Forest Formation, tropical lowlandevergreen rain forest, tropical lower montane rain forest


A-0041The Diversity of Insects in Mangrove Ecosystem of Jakarta

Fitria Dewi Kusuma1, Cecep Kusmana2 and Noor Farikhah Haneda3

Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry,Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)

Mangrove is the habitat of various insects which has an important functionfor the ecosystem. However, many insect species and their functions inmangrove ecosystem has not been identified yet. This research aims tomeasure the diversity of insects on different type of mangrove stand. Thisresearch was conducted in three different mangrove stand in MangroveProtection Forest of Angke Kapuk and Sedyatmo highway mangrove area.Both of them are monoculture stand of Avicennia marina, mixed stand of A.marina and Rhizophora mucronata, and mixed stand of Sonneratia alba andR. mucronata. Sampling was done by using line quadrat method. Therewere eight quadrats (10 m × 10 m) suspended at each mangrove stand.Insect was collected using yellow-pan trap method. The result shows thatthe mixed stand of A. marina and R. mucronata has the highest value ofinsects abundance and mixed stand of S. alba and R. mucronata has thehighest value of insect diversity. The dominant insect at each mangrovestand was from the order of Diptera.Keyword : diversity, insect, mangrove


A-0043The Mapping Of Forest Biomass Classification To SupportImplementation Of Climate Change Program

Gun MardiatmokoForestry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura UniversityJl.Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka, Ambon 97233, Indonesiacorresponding author: tel + 62-911-322494, fax +62-911-322498E-mail addres: [email protected]

Contents of biomass in sequestering carbon is very important in relation tosupport CDM or REDD+ project through carbon trade. A research to studybiomass classification by using GIS has been conducted at forest area ofFaculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University, Ambon in year 2010 and itsbuffer zone in year 2011. The aims of this research were to find outcomposition of forest vegetation with their distribution; to determinebiomass potency distribution of vegetation; to make classification of biomasspotency, air temperature and light intensity distribution. This research usedsurvey method. The vegetation was recorded to determine their biomasspotency and was presented in digital map. Vegetation biomass wasmeasured by using allometric equation and weighted scoring method.Weighted scoring was established based on classification some factors. Theestablishment of value of biomass potency distribution used expertadjustment. By using GIS, definite score can be formatted. Based on scorecalculation, biomass potency distribution can be formatted. The resultshowed that composition of forest vegetation can be determined, measuredtheir biomass potency and presented at digital map. The Digital Map ofBiomass Potency, Air Temperatures and Light Intensity Distribution in forestarea of Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University 0.85 ha can be arrangedsuccessfully with 3 classification: low 0.15 ha (17%), moderate 0.31 ha(37%) and high 0.39 ha (46%). Beside that biomass content at the bufferzone of forest area 6.21 ha can be classified at 2 classes i.e. middle biomass0.73 ha (12%) and low biomass 5.48 ha (88%). By using GIS, this biomassclassification has been presented on the map of trees, biomass,temperature and light density distribution. Hence activities regardingmonitoring and evaluation of carbon stock change and permanent plotsampling to estimate carbon stock change can be established i.e location ofcarbon leakage and additionality.

Keywords : biomass classification, allometric equation, GIS


A-0050Application of Spatial Analysis for Payment Environmental Servicesin Conserving Northern Bandung Protection Area

Hikmat RamdanSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyInstitut Teknologi BandungJl. Ganesha No 10 Labtek XI Bandung 40132 IndonesiaEmail : [email protected]

Water is an important environmental services of protected areas. Althoughthe hydrological contribution of protected areas has been a long run, but anappreciation for conservation of water users in the upstream catchment isstill low. Unavailability of spatial information to determine the contributedarea boundaries of water environmental services (WES) origins from thewater catchment is often be a reason for the water users do notimmediately contribute to the conservation of water catchment in theupstream. Determination of WES spatially of the catchment and theimpacted areas can be determined by developing a model HESSA (HydroEnvironmental Services Spatial Assessment). This research aims to establisha design HESSA approach to determine boundaries area of water providerareas and the water users area in the Northern Bandung Area. The result ofresearch show that The Northern Bandung Region consists of the waterprovider area is about 19,587 ha and the water users area is 12,839 ha.There is 52% of the water provider area is critical land, and there are 21%of the water users area is critical land. Because of still the extent ofdegraded land in the water providers area showed that the contribution ofwater users for conservation activities in the area of water supply throughthe PES mechanism must be implemented. Therefore, the effortscontributed by users of water for conservation and rehabilitation of thewater provider area in the Northern Bandung Region through themechanism of PES should be implemented. The HESSA model has animportant impact in encouraging the development of the implementation ofPES as one of environmental economic instruments that must be carried outby the Government and Local Government as mandated by the IndonesiaAct No. 32 of 2009 on the Protection and Environmental Management.

Keywords : Water Environmental Services, Spatial Analysis, HESSA


A-0055Parent identification in a multi location trial seed orchard of Acaciamangium using microsatellite markers

ILG. NurtjahjaningsihCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement ResearchJalan Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km.15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta, INDONESIAEmail : [email protected]

Parent gametes contribution is one of the important factors that affect ondifferences of morphologies/ phenotypic of individual tree in a seed orchard.Morphological variations plus trees observed in an opened pollination seedorchard of A. mangium. Parent trees that produce good performanceoffspring should be identified to increase the efficiency of tree improvementstrategies of this species. Thus, aims in this study were to assess matingsystem and to identify parental trees within a single population firstgeneration SSO that resulted good growth character in a multi location trialof A. mangium. This study was conducted in two types of seed orchard i.e.a single population (SP) F1 and a multi location trial (MLT) plot E of A.mangium at Wonogiri (Central Java). Using ten microsatellite markers for A.mangium, parental analysis was conducted with comparing geneticallybetween plus trees in the SP as a parent trees and thirty two the best rankplus trees in MLT as an offspring and analyzed using program Cervusver.3.03. Results showed that the plus trees in the MLT orchard originatedfrom various parent gametes contribution in the SP seed orchard. Moreover,the best rank plus trees dominantly originated from single pair betweenmaternal and paternal trees. However, another pollination behavior, amaternal tree was pollinated by two paternal trees. Moreover, a paternaltree pollinated several maternal trees. Similar flowering characteristic ofindividual trees that originated from same provenance might be responsibleto the pattern of mating system in the opened pollination seed orchard.From the results, efficiency on seed orchard management might beproposed.

Keywords : gametes contribution, seed orchard, multi location trial,microsatellite


A-0057Growth Quality and Wood Characteristics of 4 Year-Old Faster-Grown Teak (Tectona grandis L. f.)

Imam Wahyudi and Dicky Kristia Dinata SinagaFaculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]

Growth quality and wood characteristics of 4 year-old of faster-grown teak(Tectona grandis) have been evaluated to their proper utilization. Plantationforest of faster-grown teak belonged to one private company in Bogor, WestJava, Indonesia with initial spacing of 3 m by 3 m but without thinning andpruning was used as the sample area. One plot of 15 m by 25 m at thecenter of forest area was established. Stem diameter and tree height weremeasured for all trees within the plot. Core samples 5 mm in diameter frompith to bark were extracted from each stem of selected trees (small,medium and big) at dbh level. From each tree, 2 pieces of increment corewere collected oppositely: one for wood physical assessment (moisturecontent at green condition/green MC, basic density/BD and specificgravity/SG); while the other for fiber morphology measurement (fiber lengthand cell wall thickness). All measurements were conducted using proceduralstandard of Faculty of Forestry IPB. It showed that growth quality of faster-grown teak was varied. Growth rate of diameter and height was faster,around 3.36 cm and 1.73 m per year, respectively. It showed that greenMC, BD, SG, fiber length and cell wall thickness of each tree group werealso varied. Green MC and BD are influenced by diameter, while SG, fiberlength and cell wall thickness are not. Generally, BD, SG and fiber lengthtended to increase from pith to bark. The border between juvenile- andmature wood could not determine yet since BD and fiber length was tendedto increase radially. Therefore, the 5 years of rotation period should bereconsidered since the tree has no mature wood portion yet.

Keywords : Tectona grandis, faster-grown teak, growth quality, woodcharacteristics


A-0058Study of Community-owned forest local institutions on the forestcertification group schemes in Indonesia

Inggita UtamiGraduate Program in Sustainability ScienceThe University of Tokyo, JapanEmail : [email protected]

As an alternative source of timber production, community-owned forestgenerally has not implemented the sustainable forest management. Theproblem that occurs was due to the absence of local institution and also lackof local knowledge about production and harvesting systems. Forestcertification as a market-based tool for helping facilitate sustainable forestmanagement (Stevens et al., 1998) has been implemented in Indonesiasince 2003 through the LEI certification and SVLK mandatory certification in2009. Both systems offer a group scheme for small-scale forest by localinstitutional formation that is believed to play a role as a market and socialcoordinator. This study aimed to analyze the role of local institutions in thegroup certification scheme and analyze important strategies necessary tostrengthen the role and benefits of post-certification for the localinstitutions. Study was carried out by analyzing the literature and interviewswith some officials of local institution in the community-owned forest onJava Island, NGO facilitators, and also local government with SWOTanalyses. Internal and external situation of the local institutional obtainedfrom questions about SWOT combined to produce an important andattractive strategy to be implemented in local institution rules. In generalthis study provide some of the possible strategies, including: theestablishment of community-based forest timber industry, local networkorganization in regional scope to gain market power, improved skills andknowledge of members with comparative studies and the establishment oflearning centers in supporting the process of forest certification.

Keywords : Community-owned forest, local institutions, SWOT analyses.


A-0064Description of Beetle (Order Coleoptera: Sub Order Polyphaga,Fam. Anobiidae): New Record For Potential Seed Pest of Merbau[Intsia Bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze]

Srihartati Harto 1), Julius Dwi Nugroho 2) & Susanti Tasik 3)

1&3 ) Laboratorium Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Papua,Papua Barat Province, Indonesia.Email Address: [email protected] ) Laboratorium Silvikultur, Faculty of Forestry, University of Papua PapuaBarat Province, Indonesia.Email Address: [email protected]

A Small beetle, with the size of female ± 7 mm in length, infested seeds ofmerbau [Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze]. Based on the description, thisbeetle belongs to the order of Coleoptera, Sub Order Polyphaga, FamiliAnobiidae. This beetle is potential seed pest of merbau in storage.Keywords: Seed Pest, Merbau, Intsia bijuga, Polyphaga, Anobiidae


A-0065Estimation Analysis of Rainfall for Peak of Discharge and SoilErosion on The Catchment Area of Musi Hydro-Power Plant,Bengkulu Province

Khairul Amri 1), A. Halim 2), Ngudiantoro 2), M. Faiz Barchia 3)

1 ) Student of Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Sriwijaya University2 ) Lecturer at Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Sriwijaya University3 ) Lecturer at Magister Program of Environmental Science, The University ofBengkuluEmail : [email protected]

This research aims to determine peak of discharge and soil erosionoccurring in catchment area of Musi Hydro-Power Plant, Bengkulu based onanalyzing rainfall characteristics. The research was conducted from Octoberto December, 2012 in the catchment area of 60.357,21 Ha. The area lies on102°22'18.98"-102°38'38.93" Lat., and on 3°16'28.873" -3°33'57.441"Long. Melchior method of rainfall analysis was applied for analyzinghydrological characteristics of peak discharge (Qp) with the specific timereturn. Estimation the peak of discharge by using the maximum daily rainfalldata for 25 years attribute to determine distribution type, test of matchdistribution, rainfall design, and to obtain value of time of concentration(Tc). The exact distribution pattern to the rainfall data was Log NormalDistribution. Potential soil erosion occurring in PLTA Musi Catchment Areawas using USLE method determining by indices of rain erosivity, soilerodibility, length and slope, crop management, and soil management.Sediment Delivery Ratio (SDR), analyzing method of sedimentary ratio, iscalculated to estimate the total amount of sediment based on calculation oftotal erosion occurring in the Catchment Area. Result of the researchrevealed that the peak of discharge for the catchment area of Musi Hydro-Power Plant, Bengkulu Province was 204,131 m3/second, and the time ofconcentration (Tc) was of 12,565 hours in the watershed area of 60.357,21Ha for over 2 years at all the time. In addition, the total amount of erosionthat occurred in the area of Musi Hydro-Power Plant, Bengkulu Provincereached 1.737.884,27 tons/year which is twice over the tolerance value ofsoil erosion that equal to 811.804,475 tons/year. The amount of sedimentreleased to the Musi river within the catchment, further, was of 137.292,857tons/year is double over the tolerance value of sediment that equal to64.132,55 tons/year, unfortunately.

Keywords: Rainfall, Peak of Discharge, Soil Erosion and Sedimentation


A-0071Growth Performance of Shorea Leprosula Miq. Prognies From NineMother Trees in The Wild to be Utilized as ex Situ GeneticConservation Material

M. Charomaini Z. 1) and Nur Dariyah 2)

1 ) Center for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement ResearchJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar Km 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem,Sleman,Yogyakarta 55582. Indonesia. Email : [email protected] ) Former College Student at Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty,Yogyakarta State University. Indonesia

Fruit explorations of Shorea leprosula Miq. were carried out in 2009 - 2010.Recalcitrant fruits of S. leprosula have been collected and followed byplanting in the nurseries in Yogyakarta. Study has been done to evaluatethe growth of the progenies from the nine mother trees in the wild, in thenurseries of CFBTI Yogyakarta. Progenies/ offsprings used were 4 month’sold seedlings from 9 mother trees in the wild (Gunung Bunga population,West Kalimantan Province). Experimental design used was CompletelyRandomized Design utilizing 500 seedlings for each mother trees. Fiftyseedlings were used randomly as replications. Parameters to be analyzedwere survival, height, stem diameter and the number of leaves. Analysis ofVariance were used to calculate the significancy and Duncan’s methode wasapplied if there were significant differences amongst treatments. Theresearch results showed that there were significant difference at 5% on theheight and stem diameter growth, while for the number of leaves, therewere no significant differences. Progenies from mother tree number 8 werethe most superior in height and stem diameter growth. While the progeniesfrom mother tree number 1 were the least superior. Concluded that therewere variation amongst progenies from the 9 mother trees. Mother treenumber 8 was the most superior due to the evidence of superiority of theprogenies on the height and stem diameter growth. In the year 2011, theseedlings from West Kalimantan province had been planted together withother seedlings from Central and East Kalimantan provinces as ex situGenetic Conservation Plot in TAHURA Karanganyar, Central Java andGunung Dahu, Bogor, West Java. In TAHURA (2012), the West Kalimantanpopulations produced progenies with the height about 78.02 cm anddiameter 5.11 mm. While the lowest was 47.67 cm height and 3.18 mmdiameter, populations from Central Kalimantan province.

Keywords: Endangered species, ex situ genetic conservation plot, geneticvariation, growth, mother trees, progenies, Shorea leprosula Miq.


A-0073The Upper Belantikan as the Last Bastion of the Habitat of BorneoWild Oxs (Bos javanicus lowi )

M. Yunus Ardian Saputra 1) , Eli Akbar 2)

1 ) Yayasan Orangutan Indonesia, Jl. Bhayangkara km 01 Pangakalan Bun,Central Kalimantan 74112Email : [email protected]

2 ) Program Studi Biologi Konservasi dan Ilmu Lingkungan, Fakultas Biologi,Universitas Nasional, Jakarta

The researchers estimated that the spread of a wild oxs (Bos javanicus lowi)on the island of Borneo is currently more limited and its information is notknown for sure, but its presence can still be found in one of the area inCentral Kalimantan, in the upper of the river Belantikan in the LamandauDistrict administrative. Formerly, wild oxs in Borneo live along theMahakam river and in West Kalimantan. The lowland tropical forest in theupper Belantikan, is wild oxs’ preferred habitat. The aim of this survey wasconducted in 2005-2009 initially devoted to researching the existence oforangutan populations are located along the Arut river and the Belantikanriver. Discovery wild oxs activities of feet and feces this happened onNovember 20, 2007. In November of 2012 s. d January 2013 held researchin the upper Belantikan. Research on the target location on the distributionof the wild oxs like the salt lick. The results showed that no activity or tracesof a wild oxs on the seven transect but the team have presence the wild oxsphoto from camera trap. The data showed that the threat level is high,Borneo wild oxs are very low concentration, small population and willdirectly encountered difficult. Based on this research result it isrecommended will be a major consideration in designing and implementinga program of conservation in Borneo wild oxs upper Belantikan.

Keywords : wild oxs, the upper Belantikan, Central Borneo


A-0075Sago Conservation Effort in North Maluku: Between CulturalIdentity and threat on the sustainability of sago

Mardiyani SidayatFaculty of Agriculture, Khairun University, Ternate

Sago is normally found in tropical lowland forest, fresh water swamps andthere are some adjacent to major rivers. Culturally, a food made from sagostrach (locally known as pupeda and sagu) have become major staple foodfor the local people in the above areas since centuries. The varieties of sagoin Maluku (it also assumed for North Maluku) as stated by Papilaya, areconsisting of five varieties namely sagu tuni (Metroxylon rumphii Martius),sagu ihur (Metroxylon sylvester Martius), sagu makanaru (Metroxylonlongispinum Martius), sagu duri rotan (Metroxylon micrachantum Martius)dan sagu molat (Metroxylon sagus Rottbol).This case study is conducting inthe West Halmahera District as one of the biggest swamp areas in the NorthMaluku province. Primary data collection involved observations, interviews,life stories and group discussions in the study areas. As the research relieson quantitative and qualitative methods, this study used snowball samplingwhich using ‘the Key Informants (KI)’ data as a guide to help identifyrespondents. The region has applied no conservation management at all,and therefore the recovery design is crucially needed to minimise threatensfactors on sago losses. Such factors like rapidly growing human populationand over exploitation together with lack of political awareness ofconservation issues and practices have contributed to heavily survival ofendemic species like sago


A-0076The Development Analysis of Jelutung In Agroforestry System forRehabilitation of Peatland Degradation at Central KalimantanProvince

Marinus Kristiadi Harun1), Lailan Syaufina2), Nurheni Wijayanto2)

1) Banjarbaru Forestry Research Institute, Jl. Ahmad Yani Km. 28,7 Landasan Ulin,Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. Phone number: 08164565497. E-mail:[email protected]

2) Lecture at Faculty of Forestry at Bogor Agricultural University

The aim of this research was to analyze the development of jelutung in theagroforestry system for the rehabilitation of the degraded peatland fulfillingtechnically applicable, socially acceptable by the local farmers, economically feasibleand environmentally friendly. Primary data of this research were collected viainterviews, observations, field visits and focus group discussion (FGD) involving allparties. The research results show that the development of jelutung in agroforestrysystem was technically applicable, socially acceptable, economically feasible andenvironmentally friendly for the rehabilitation of peatland degradation. There are 5certified jelutung seed sources in Central Kalimantan Province that can produceabout 126,920,000 seeds per years. The local people’s nursery can produce 1 – 3million readily planted jelutung seedlings per years. In thin peatland there are 3agroforestry systems that have already been developed by the local people. In thickpeatland, there are 2 agroforestry systems that have already been developed bythe local people. Jelutung growth performances on a variety of agroforestrysystems show that the annual stem height increment reached 86.55 – 127.94 cmand stem diameter increased 1.56 – 2.15 cm. The analysis results on the socialaspect show that in line with the superior non timber forest product criteria andindicators stated in Permenhut RI No. P.21/Menhut-II/2009 jelutung’s latex iscategorized as a provincial superior NTFP with Superior Total Value (STV) of 72.62.The economic aspect shows that the marketing margin of jelutung latex is stillinefficient as its value is > 50%. The financial analysis results show that jelutungforest is feasible to be developed both in the monocultural and agroforestrypatterns. NPV, BCR and IRR of jelutung with agroforestry pattern were 69,799,338;8.68 and 29% respectively. On the environmental aspect it is known that thediversity of peatland macro-fauna covered with jelutung agroforestry was greaterthan that covered with monoculture and abandoned land with Shannon Wienerindex values of 1.8; 1.,2; 1.69 respectively for PSM method. The chemical analysisof peatland covered by jelutung agroforestry provides the following data: pH=3.94;N total = 0.4%; C organic = 48.58%; C/N = 121.45. The maturity level of peatlandcovered by jelutung agroforestry is sapric-hemic to hemic, that covered bymonoculture is fibrous-hemic to sapric-hemic while the abandoned peatland isdominated by fibrous and fibrous-hemic. The microclimate of peatland covered byjelutung is better than the microclimate of that covered by monoculture orabandoned peatland.

Keywords : jelutung, agroforestry system, rehabilitation, peatland


A-0077Chemical Kinetic Study and Characterization Compound WoodWastes Based Pyrolysis

Mohammad Wijaya 1), Erliza Noor 2), Tun Tedja Irawadi 3), GustanPari 4)

1 ) Department Chemistry Faculty Mathematic and Natural Science MakassarState University 90224. Email : wijasumi @yahoo.co.id.

2 ) Department Industries Agriculture Technology Faculty AgricultureTechnology, Bogor Agriculture University

3 ) Department Chemistry Faculty Mathematic and Natural Science BogorAgriculture University

4 ) Laboratorium Wood and Biomass Energy Research and DevelopmetForestry Ministry Forestry Bogor

The research goal is to produce wood vinegar based pyrolisis process andto get characterization of potential chemical components from woodwastes. Results of this research are expected to give benefits as follows:(1) Wood vinegar produced from wood wastes through pyrolisis process isable to bioformalin products, (2) Pyrolitic kinetic model resulted from thisprocess can be used to find expected compounds in large quantities. Resultsof pyrolisis of teak sawdust that gave the highest wood vinegar as much as17.05% in pyrolitic temperature of 200oC Identification of GC-MS of teaksawdust could provide compounds that mostly derived from acid is group ofdominant volatile compounds. Identification of compound group of phenol,acid, ester, ketone, alcohol, furan and so on, then followed by separationprocess to determine acetic acid compound that potential to be used asbioformalin (preservative). Its difference is Arrhenius model focuseddiscussion on the impact of temperature to the kinetics constant in form ofparticle size without heating rate. Tsamba model focused discussion to theimpact of pyrolisis temperature to the yield, pre exponential factor andreverse to the heating rate. Half- life of acetic acid of teak at Arrheniusand Tsamba models tend to increase to the temperature changes. Changekinetic chemical of wood wastes is exponential pre factor, and activationenergy into pine and tectonis wood. While change activation energy teakby arrhenius model about 12.16 kJ/mol and Tsamba Model about 19.04kJ/mol and pre exponential factor teak by Arrhenius model about 7.64x10-

4/s and pre exponential factor teak by Tsamba model about 7.12x10-4/s.The technology of integrated wood vinegar-charcoal production hencedeserves its dissemination throughout Indonesia, Further study is requiredfor better understanding of the economics, as well as technology, ofbiomass pyrolysis for bio-formalin and Eco friendly product.

Keywords : Wood wastes, Pyrolysis, Kinetic model , and Activation Energy


A-0078Climate variability in the Kapuas River basin (Kalimantan): impacton groundwater recharge

Muh. Taufik1,2), Daniel Murdiyarso2,3) and Henny A.J. van Lanen1)

1) Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, WageningenUniversity, the Netherlands.

2) Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, IPB, Bogor, Indonesia3) Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]

Natural climate variability causes regular lack of rainfall leading to soilmoisture limitation, reduced recharge to deeper layers and low water tables.In tropical peatland areas, this has many implications, among othersincreased fire risk. This study quantifies variability in the groundwaterrecharge in the Kapuas River basin (Kalimantan, Indonesia) due to climatevariability. A soil water balance model was developed to simulate time seriesof daily groundwater recharge. The model was fed with daily weather data(Supadio, Pontianak) for the period 1980-2009. The recharge was simulatedfor a peat soil covered with natural forest. Shallow and deep water tableswere distinguished. Droughts in recharge were identified using the thresholdapproach and associated with El Niño (ENSO). It will be shown thatrecharge is smaller for shallow than deep water tables (-10%) because ofthe higher evapotranspiration. However, variability is larger for shallowwater table conditions as will be illustrated with the difference betweenquantiles of the monthly recharge. Droughts of 3 months and longer in therecharge are recurring. Drought in recharge for shallow water tableconditions has four times larger deficit volumes than for deep water tables.More severe droughts with high deficits are undoubtedly linked to El Niño, inparticular for shallow water table conditions. The association of droughtduration and El Niño is weaker.

Keywords : drought, recharge, climate variability, soil water balancemodel, Kapuas, ENSO


A-0094Gerunggang, Prospective Species for Pulp and Medicine at PeatSwamp Forest and the Propagation Research

Reni Setyo WahyuningtyasResearcher at Banjarbaru Forestry Research Institute,Jl. A. Yani Km 27,8 Landasan Ulin Banjarbaru - South Kalimantan 70721,IndonesiaTelp/fax. (0511) 4707872,website : www.foreibanjarbaru.or.id ,Email : [email protected]

Gerunggang (Cratoxylon arborescens Bl.) is one native species at peatswamp forest which is not among the popular commercial tree species,especially for sawn timber. People at Central Kalimantan have been usedgerunggang for firewood or light carpentry. At recent years, gerunggangknown have good potential as an alternative for pulp production as aresponse of decreased production from Acacia crassicarpa species due todecline of land quality. Otherwise, some research have been reported thisspecies was contain some importance compound for medicine such us:flavonoid and xanthones whereas useful for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatoryand anti-HIV activities. Characteristic of gerunggang regeneration that couldgrow well at open and dry condition with low mortality rate, indicated thisspecies plays an importance role as pioner species. This can be one ofappropriate solution for rehabilitation degraded peat lands, as well assubstitute species for A. crasicarpa as exotic species that less adaptive onpeat lands. Gerunggang easily propagated by seed, but its fruiting seasonwere not simultaneously and not throughout the year. Research in TumbangNusa, Central Kalimantan indicated that gerunggang just once bear fruit ayear, start flowering in October and fruit mature in April. Moreover, theseed can’t be stored longer (medium recalsitrant). Therefore researchpropagation technique gerunggang both generative and vegetative areimportant. As a prospective species for peat swamp forest plantation in thefuture, support of silviculture technique for this species are important. Thispaper will present propagation technique both generative and vegetative forsupport its silviculture techniques.

Keywords : Gerunggang (Cratoxylon arborescens Bl.), propagationtechnique, pulp, medicine, peat swamp forest


A-0104Weather, Soil Moisture and Water Table Interaction in a Peat LandIntegrated Water Zoning System in Kampar Peninsula

Satyanto K. Saptomo 1), Dian Novarina 2), Aulia L.P. Aruan 2), SusiloSudarman 2), Budi I. Setiawan 1), Muhajir Utomo 3 )

1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bogor AgriculturalUniversity (IPB), [email protected]

2 ) PT APRIL Management Indonesia3 ) Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Integrated Water Zoning System (IWZ) and Measurement, Reporting andVerification (MRV) had been an obligation in peatland development andutilization. IWZ is the designation of water zones based on geographicalelevation to control water table and water level, commonly each zone has 1to 1.5 m difference of elevation. The implementation of IWZ aims toprevent flooding, preserve suitable soil moisture for plant growth and toprevent peat and forest fire. IWZ and MRV had been implemented in EstateMeranti, Kampar Peninsula since the beginning of its development. Waterlevel regime in Estate Meranti’s IWZ is preserved between 40 cm and 90 cmbelow the ground surface to maintain water table at about the same depth.The monitoring of the parameters is done using Decagon EM50 data loggerwhich quarter-hourly measures and records rainfall, solar radiation, airtemperature and humidity, soil temperature, soil EC, soil temperature andsoil potential. Water table at the station is measured using hydrostaticpressure type of water level sensor and logged with HIOKI data logger. Therecorded data from year 2011 up to 2013 shows the variation of themeasured parameters and thus their interaction. Due to IWZ water controlregime, soil moisture and water table do not decrease further than thepreserved level. In a prolonged dry period IWZ can avoid soil moisture andwater table from drastically decreasing. In the result, water table was keptwithin the favorable range throughout most of the period, and thus providesufficient moisture for the soil and the plants.

Keywords : Water Management, Peatland, Forest Plantation, MRV,Productivity.


A-0106Biophysical Study of Cardamom (Amomum Cardomomum Willd.)Agroforestry System in Community Forest of Menoreh Mountainsin Kulonrpogo District, Yogyakarta Special Province

Singgih Utomo1), Budiadi2)

1) Forest Management of Vocational School Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta, Indonesia.email : [email protected]

2) Faculty of Forestry Universitas Gadjah Mada

The demand of food, wood and medicine tend to increase inline withpopulation growth vulnerable to land issues. Agroforestry is able to producevarious commodities is an alternative solution to land disputes particularly inJava. One of the combination in forest is agroforestry of AmomumCardamomum under the community forest canopy. The aims of this studywere (1) analyzing management of A. Cardamomum plantations, and (2)analyze the productivity of A. Cardamomum in various biophysics. Surveymethod with purposive sampling used to establish the 26 plots (20 x 20 m).Direct observation and depth interview were used to determinemanagement of A. Cardamomum. Various management intensity, soilcontent, shading intensity were used to analyze the productivity of A.Cardamomum, by regression analysis. The result show that agroforestry ofA. Cardamomum in community forest of Menoreh Mountains was found at400-1000 asl at home garden and dry land by random mixture pattern. Thefarmers motivation to plant A. Cardamomum are (1) market availability, (2)for perquisite (3) optimazing space use and (4) soil conservation. A.Cardamomum cultivation activity consist of vegetative regeneration,maintenance (wilding, mounding and fertilizing), and harvesting every twomonths. The significant factors for A. Cardamomum productivity aremanagement intensity (i) and soil phosphorus content (p). The regressionformula is y = 0,621p + 14,648i - 10,427. Shading intensity have apolynomial relation with A. Cardamomum productivity. The formula is y =89,92 - 0,016x2 + 0,877x. The best shading intensity for A. Cardamomumproductivity was about 30-40%.

Keywords : Agroforestry, A. Cardamomum, Community forest, Productivity


A-0112Pollen of Giant Corpse Flower, Viability and Pollination in BogorBotanical Garden

Sudarmono, Dian Latifah, Sri Hartini, Hary WawangningrumCentre for Plant Conservation-Bogor Botanical Garden, Indonesian Instituteof Sciences (LIPI)Jl.Ir.H.Juanda no.13, Bogor, IndonesiaEmail: [email protected]

Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. (the giant corpse flower) is a plantcollection icon of Bogor Botanical Garden. Flower of A. titanum has alwayspay the attention of people in the world and plant science. Pollination offlower is the interaction between the insects and similar time of maturitybetween male and female organ to be seed. Based on the observations,flowering ranges one individual who quickest is three years. Flowering on A.titanum rarely produce seeds and seedlings by tubers cutting would be easyrot. In this study the pollination of flowers is very important to support theex-situ conservation efforts of this collection in Bogor Botanical Garden aswell as the domestication for using. On this research of pollen were play animportant role. Pollen of flower A. titanum either morphology, colorationtest, and pollination to fertilize the seeds are explained in this paper indetail.

Keywords : Amorphophallus titanum, corpse giant flower, pollen, seed,Bogor Botanical Garden.


A-0114The growth of Gerhan plantations: A case study of re-greeningprojects in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia

Susi Abdiyani 1), James Millner 1), Nunung Puji Nugroho 2)

1) Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, PalmerstonNorth, New Zealand, [email protected] and [email protected]

2) Forestry Research Institute of Solo, Java, Indonesia,Email [email protected]

The Ministry of Forestry (MoF) has established hundreds rehabilitationprojects to improve productivity of degraded land under the NationalMovement of Forest and Land Rehabilitation (GN-RHL/Gerhan) scheme. InKaranganyar Regency, Java, MoF’s two-year assessments have shown highseedling survival rates but there is no subsequent information on treegrowth. This research measured stand density, stem diameter and height oftimber species; teak (Tectona grandis), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla),red cedar (Toona sureni) and secondary fruit species in three sub-districts(10 villages). At each village four 0.04 ha circular plots were established.Species, diameter and height of all trees in each plot were recorded. Meanheight and diameter for the main timber species in each sub-district werecompared with growth model (Orwa et al., 2009; Harbagung, 2010)predictions. Stand density ranged from 575-2,488 stems/ha in differentdistricts, higher than the MoF minimum (400 stems/ha), a result ofsupplementary planting by farmers. Albizia (Paraserianthes falcataria) wasthe most commonly planted supplementary species. Comparison of meanstem diameter and height for each district revealed that stem diameter forteak and mahogany, 11.5–12.7 cm and 9.8-11.3 cm respectively, generallyexceeded the diameters predicted by the growth models, 10.4 cm and 10.0cm respectively. In contrast, heights, 7.8-11.8 m and 6.7-7.8 m for teak andmahogany respectively, were lower than those predicted by the models,13.4 m and 11.4 m respectively while diameter (10.0-11.3 cm) and height(6.9–8.9 m) for suryan were similar to those predicted by the model (11.2cm and 7.2 m respectively).

Keywords: GN-RHL/Gerhan, height, diameter, stand density, teak,mahogany, red cedar


A-0128Role of Embung, “A Man Made Water Reservoir” to ConserveSavanna Ecosystem and ITS Utilization for People in East NusaTenggara Province

Wahyu WidiyonoResearch Centre For Biology, The Indonesian Institute of SciencesCSC Campus, JL. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km. 46 CibinongEmail : [email protected]

A survey of some ‘embungs’, a man made water reservoir ecosystem wasconducted on April 2013, in Kupang area, East Nusa Tenggara Timur (ENTT). Anembung has the catchment area about 6-30 ha, the water volume capacity about8.000-30.000 m3, and the water is used by about 16-170 families. After 30 years ofembungs were developed (NTT embungs were developed since 1985 era), manychanging of savanna ecosystem occurred. Aim of research are want to know thecondition of vegetation and land use in the catchment area, water reservoiravailability, and water utilization for irrigation, cattle feeding and household in thevillage area. A number 12 embungs sample of 76 embungs in Kupang area, or of400 embungs in ENTT were observed. The research is also compared with theinitial research A survey of some ‘embungs’, a man made water reservoir ecosystemwas conducted on April 2013, in Kupang area, East Nusa Tenggara Timur (ENTT).An embung has the catchment area about 6-30 ha, the water volume capacityabout 8.000-30.000 m3, and the water is used by about 16-170 families. After 30years of embungs were developed (NTT embungs were developed since 1985 era),many changing of savanna ecosystem occurred. The research is also comparedwith the initial research which were carried out in Kupang, Belu, Northern Centre ofTimor (TTU), Southern Centre of Timor (TTS) Districts, in 1993 to 2012. Thesurvey showed that embungs have very contributed to the development of savannaecosystem, i.e.: Some species of plants are found and well grew in around embungthat is very valuable to form network and food chain, and ecological services to thesavanna ecosystem; Water availability is not only used for human and cattle, butalso very useful for the maintaining of life cycle and existence of some wildlifespecies; Water utilization for domestic consumption, cattle feeding and irrigation insmall scale have indicated the significance social and economic impact to theembung water used people. Role of NTT embungs need to be optimized toconserve savanna ecosystem, by some activities such as: Develop a nursery ineach embung by using seeds of the trees local species, and replanting them toaccelerate regeneration process of vegetation and rehabilitation of degraded area inaround embung; Utilization of water to irrigate food crops, vegetable, and grass forcattle in integrated farming system; Developing of new embungs with the locationaccording to the survey of eco-hydrology and social economic aspect appropriately.

Key Words: ENTT embungs, contribute, developing, savanna ecosystem.


A-0131The Diversity of soil and water microorganism of mangrove forestof TelukKelumpang, SelatLaut and SelatSebukuNatural Reserve

Wawan Halwany and Susy AndrianiResearcher on Forestry Research Institute of Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan,Indonesia,Email : [email protected] and [email protected]

Mangrove is a unique ecosystem that has a complex of biotic and abioticcomponents. Soil and water microorganism components functioning asdecomposer in mangrove forest ecosystem. This research conducted to findout the diversity of soil and water microorganism, their potention andfunction in ecosystem, and environmental parameters on mangrove area ofTelukkelumpang, SelatLaut and SelatSebuku Natural Reserve. Data of soiland water microorganism was taken by soil and water sampling thenanalyzed in the laboratory. The research results showed that SelatSebukuhas the highest diversity index of benthos (0.890), whileTelukKelumpanghad diversity index of benthos as 0.790 and Selatlaut as 0.693. ButSelatSebuku had the lowest index of diversity of phytoplankton andzooplankton compared to two other locations, as 2.00 for phytoplanktondan 0.00 for zooplankton. On the other hand, TelukKelumpang area hadthe highest diversity index of fungi and bacteria, which was 2.5 x 104 forfungi and 2.7 x 103 for bacteria. Generally, SelatSebuku had the highestenvironmental parameter value, which were on temperature (29.4oC), pH(7.12), DO (6.7) and turbidity (15.8) but the lowest salinity value than thetwo other location as 20.7.

Keywords: diversity, soil and water microorganism, mangrove forest


A-0135Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume : an Endemic Plant Species ofBorneo

I.P. Astuti, Sri Rahayu and Winda Utami PutriCenter For Plant Conservation Bogor Botanical Gardens - IndonesianInstitute of Sciences, Jl. Ir. H. Juanda, No. 13 Bogor.Email : [email protected]

Sarcotheca macrophylla Blume or “Pengo” (Kalimantan/Dayak Kenyah)belongs to the family Oxalidaceae. The plant also known as Borneo endemicplant species. The study in distribution has been made based on theherbarium specimen observation at Herbarium Bogoriense and severalexpeditions in Kalimantan which include West, East, Central and Southprovinces of Kalimantan. The potential uses of this species has been studiedthrough survey of literature and interview with the local people inKalimantan during the expedition. This plant occurred in West, Central andEast of Kalimantan in a minor population and scattered in secondary forest,especially along the riverside. The fruit is edible with sour taste, indicatedthe high content of vitamin C, and eaten by primate such as orang utan,monkey and other mammals. The fruit also used as natural shampoo by thelocals. The root was reported as one of material that can be used in thepractice of contraception. Morphological description and potential uses ofthis species are presented in this paper.

Keywords : endemic species, Sarcotheca macrophylla, potential uses


A-0139Callus Induction From Stem Explant Of Ramin [(Gonystylusbancanus (Miq) Kurz.)]

YelnititisCenter for Forest Biotechnology and Tree Improvement, YogyakartaJl. Palagan Tentara Pelajar KM 15 Purwobinangun, Pakem, Sleman,Yogyakarta - 55582

Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz) is one of the most valuabletimbers in Indonesia and the most over exploited woody species. Thisspecies has also been listed in CITES Appendix III in 2001 and thenAppendix II in 2004. The experiment of embryogenic callus induction fromstem cutting of ramin was conducted. The purpose of this experiment is toobtain the best treatment for friable and embryogenic callus formation.Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium was used as growth medium. Theexperiment was conducted in two stages : callus induction and propagationand embryogenic callus induction. The treatment of 5.0 – 6.0 mg/l 2,4-Dused for callus induction and propagation. The best callus was subculturedto the treatment medium was supplemented with 6.0 mg/l + 1.0 – 3.0 mg/lbiotin. The observation was made on texture and performance of callus.The results showed that callus can be induced on 6.0 mg/l 2,4-D. Thetreatment of 6.0 2,4-D + 2.0 mg/l biotin is the best treatment to friablecallus induction with yellowish on colour. Friable callus that induced wasnon embryogenic yet.

Keywords : Ramin, stem explant, 2,4-D, biotin, friable callus.


A-0140Carbon Storage Potential in Taman Kota 1 Bumi Serpong Damai(BSD), Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten as United NationsCollaborative Programme on Reducing Emissions fromDeforestation and Forest Degradation in Developing Countries

Yudhi NugrahaStudent of Biomedicine Magister Program. Faculty of Medicine. University ofIndonesiaGd. IASTH-UI Lt.8 IHVCB. Jl Salemba Raya No.410430, Jakarta Pusat, IndonesiaEmail : [email protected]

Global warming is one of the main environmental problems of thismillennium. Carbon dioxide emission is considered the main cause for globalwarming. Green open spaces such as urban parks play important role inglobal warming and climate change mitigation by reducing carbon dioxidelevels through sequestration mechanism. This study aimed to estimatecarbon storage potential of standing tree, root and soil in Taman Kota IBumi Serpong Damai (BSD) Tangerang. Carbon data were taken fromeleven 25 m × 25 m plots in which tree biomass, roots biomass and soilwere measured. Carbon organic content in tree and root biomass wasconverted using 48% conversion factor. Carbon organic content in soil wascalculated from bulk density and percentage of organic carbon. Based onvegetation analysis 20 species which consisted of 13 families were foundwith the most dominant tree was Roystonea regia (INP = 75,99%). Thehighest carbon storage potential was found in standing trees (86,28tonC/ha), Followed by root and soil with carbon storage potential of 26,25tonC/ha and 2,58 tonC/ha. The total carbon storage potential in TamanKota 1 BSD with an area of 2,5 ha was 287,8 ton.

Key words : carbon storage, tree biomass, soil organic carbon, TamanKota I BSD


A-0141The capacity of non-government organisations to enhancepeasants’ livelihoods through community forestry in Indonesia

Yustina A Murdiningrum 1), Dr. Digby Race 2)

1) Charles Sturt University, Faculty of Business Albury, NSW, AustraliaEmail : yustinamurdiningrum @yahoo.com

2) The Fenner School of Environment and SocietyThe ANU, Building 48, Canberra, AustraliaEmail : [email protected]

Non-government organisations (NGOs) are important players in shapingIndonesian forest policy and practices, particularly in relation to enhancingthe benefits from forestry for rural communities. However, due to a rangeof complex issues, it is not always clear what is the most effective role theNGOs should play to enhance community forestry, particularly so that itleads to community development. The main concern of this research is howto optimise the contribution of NGOs to achieve community developmentoutcomes from community forestry in Indonesia. The selected NGOs in thisresearch (Trees-4-Trees and PERSEPSI) have sought to improve themanagement of peasants’ forestry enterprises, introduce eco-labelling(forest certification) for the sale of timber, and bring in external actors tosupport the peasants. However, many of the peasants who were involved inthe NGOs’ initiatives did not always share the objectives of the NGOs. Forexample, many peasants did not seek to maximise the financial profits fromtimber production, had alternate livelihood strategies, and wanted to pursueother land-uses – challenging the prevailing paradigm of small-scale forestryheld by the NGOs and donors. Reforming the business approach of NGOs isimportant if small-scale forestry is to be more widely adopted by peasants inIndonesia.

Keywords: NGO’s, peasants, community forestry, community development


P-0048Ecotourism in Indonesian National Parks: an Option to ImproveForest Dependent Communities Livelihoods

Mei Meilani, Rik Thwaites and Digby RaceInstitute for Land, Water and Society Charles Sturt University, AustraliaEmail: [email protected], [email protected]

This project evaluates the impacts of the establishment of SebangauNational Park (SNP) in Indonesia on local people’s livelihoods. It investigatesthe feasibility of ecotourism to reduce environmental degradation and toalleviate poverty. SNP was established in 2004 and covers more than 560thousand hectares peat swamp forest in Central Kalimantan Province. SNPwas a production forest for more than 20 years and almost half of the areahas been degraded. SNP is surrounded by almost 50 thousand peoplewhose livelihoods depend on SNP’s resources. About 6-7% of localcommunity are categorised as poor people. Preliminary findings show thatthe establishment of the park changes the livelihood strategies of localcommunities to survive. People shifted their livelihood sources from forestresource extractions, particularly logging, to agriculture (farming andfishing). We believed that the development of ecotourism can be considereda feasible option in some locations, although, in general, its contribution tohousehold income is insignificant. Ecotourism in this area is in the earlystage of development. Number of visitors remains very low and so doeslocal community’s involvement in ecotourism activities. However, ParkManagement and local community are interested to develop ecotourism inSNP. Ecotourism could be an effective mechanism to promote forestenvironmental services generated from SNP including water, biodiversity,landscape beauty, and carbon conservation. Promoting ecotourism insideand surrounding protected areas needs improved regulations andcoordinated efforts to make it attractive for local communities to participateand for tourists to visit.Keywords : protected areas, national park, livelihoods, ecotourism


P-0049The assessment of health status of sengon (Paraserianthesfalcataria) community forest in Pesawaran District LampungProvince using Forest Health Monitoring technique

Rahmat Safe’i 1), Hardjanto 2), Supriyanto 2), Leti Sundawati 2)

1 ) PhD Student at Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural University, Lecturerat Forestry Department Faculty of Agricultural Lampung University, email:[email protected] and [email protected],

2 ) Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural University

One of the ways to determine the health status community forests is doneby using Forest Health Monitoring (FHM). FHM is a forest health monitoringmethod that is used to monitor the health condition of the forest (status),changes and possible trends using ecological indicators. These informationcondition in health community forest are absolutely required by the landowners or forest managers to obtain the right decisions in managing theforest in sustainable way. The objective of this study was to assess thehealth status of community forest in Pesawaran District Lampung Provinceusing FHM technique. Stages of the study consisted of observation, siteselection for FHM plot establishment in community forest, FHM plotestablishment, community forest health measurement, and communityforest health assessment techniques. Forest Health Monitoring wasconducted on FHM Cluster plots in the area of community forest dominatedby sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) in District Pesawaran LampungProvince. The results showed that the health status of community forest canbe assessed using the weighted values and scoring values for each keyindicator, these are productivity, species diversity, vitality, and site quality.The health status of sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) community forest inPesawaran District Lampung Province is good and perfect conditions.

Keywords : community forest health, forest health monitoring, sengoncommunity forest, Pesawaran district


A-0050Sediment Related Disasters Induced by Heavy Rainfall under theInfluence of Climate Change in Mountainous Ranges of Mexico,Japan, and Indonesia

Laura Sanchez-Castillo 1), Tetsuya Kubota 2), and Hasnawir 3)

1) Graduate School of Bioresources and Bioenviromental Sciences, KyushuUniversity, JapanEmail : [email protected]

2) Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, JapanEmail : [email protected]

3) Forestry Research Institute of Makassar, Ministry of Forestry, IndonesiaEmail : [email protected]

Sediment related disasters are one of the most destructive natural hazardsthat often occur in mountainous countries like Mexico, Japan, andIndonesia. Climate change is known globally to be serious cause ofsediment related disasters like landslide disasters. Several studies havebeen developed to look at the impact of climate change on sediment relateddisasters. New scientific approaches and mitigation technologies, includingland use planning and disaster prevention, should be developed for findingeffective solutions to potential disasters. Therefore there is an urgent needfor research development the sediment related disasters under the influenceof climate change and also develop improved strategies for disasterprevention. This research provides an analysis of long term increasingrainfall, heavy rainfall episodes and their relationship with the occurrence ofsediment related disasters in forest slopes of Nuevo Leon-Mexico, Kyushu-Japan and Ambon-Indonesia. The results shown that in the period of 1971-2010 the hurricane event that show the highest accumulated rainfall wasAlex in 2010 with 862 mm. In Kyushu-Japan, the increase rate of rainfall of20 mm/hr surely has impact on almost landslide slopes in aspects of slopestability, although the influence of the long term rainfall increase on theslopes is relatively small compared with the destabilization of the slopes dueto the reduction of soil strength by seismic shakings. While in Ambon city-Indonesia, the rainfall intensity over 130 mm/day may cause severalsediment related disasters that could cause damage to property, and alsoloss of human lives.

Keywords: Sediment related disaster, climate change, rainfall,mountainous ranges.


P-0051Modeling carbon accumulation of tropical peat swamp forests overmillennia

Sofyan Kurnianto1,2), Matthew Warren 3), Julie Talbot 1,)4, BooneKauffman 5), Ruth Varner 1), Steve Frolking 1), Daniel Murdiyarso 2,6)

1) Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space and Department of EarthSciences, University of New Hampshire, Morse Hall 8, College Road, Durham NH03824, USA

2) Center for International Forestry Research, Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor 16115,Indonesia

3) USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 271 Mast Rd., Durham NH03824, USA

4) Université de Montréal, Department of Geography, C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal Qc H3C 3J7, Canada.

5) Oregon State University, Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife. Nash Hall Rm 104,Corvallis OR 97331, USA

6) Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor,16115, Indonesia

Tropical peatlands play an important role in global carbon cycle by storingabout 50 – 100 Gt C in peat; they cover an area of ~450,000 km2 (~10% ofglobal peatland area). Tropical peatlands are experiencing a high rate ofdeforestation, which is often associated with lowering the water table andpeat burning. These activities release stored carbon in peat to atmosphere.Some ecosystem models have been developed for simulating peataccumulation and carbon dynamics in northern peatlands. However, none ofthese models have been applied to tropical peat swamp forests (PSF). Inthis study, the Holocene Peat Model (HPM), which has been successfullyapplied to northern peatlands, was modified for tropical ecosystems.HPMTrop is a one-dimensional, non-linear, dynamic model with a monthlytime step that simulates mass remaining in annual peat cohorts as abalance between vegetation inputs (litter) and decomposition. Toparameterize the model, we utilized published data on vegetationcharacteristics, including net primary production (NPP); NPP partitioning intoleaves, wood, and roots; and litter decomposition rates. HPMTrop outputsare generally consistent with the field observations from Indonesia. Thesimulated long-term carbon accumulation rate for inland and coastalpeatlands were 0.26 and 0.63 Mg C ha-1 y-1, and the resulting peat carbonstocks at the end of the simulations were 3,270 and 3,150 Mg C ha-1,respectively. The simulated carbon loss for the coastal scenario caused byforest conversion to oil palm plantation with periodic burning was 1,500 MgC ha-1 over 100 years, which is equivalent to ~3,000 years of peataccumulation.Keywords : peat growth, land cover changes, carbon emission

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The 2nd INAFOR ˇS PROGRAMME · The 2nd INAFOR ˇS PROGRAMME Celebrating a 100-year Forestry Research in Indonesia Forestry Research for Sustainable Forest Management and Community