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CopyrightSatoshi Tomita All Right Reserved. HOW TO CREATE RESEARCH INVENTIONS BY THE COMBINATION OF MULTIPLE THEORIES AND CONCEPTS: AN IMPLICATION FROM DEVELOPING A NEW MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CORPORATE ALLIANCES The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and Finance GCBF2018HI081817500 on January 3 rd , 2018 Satoshi Tomita, Ph.D. Professor, Rikkyo University [email protected] 1

The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

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Page 1: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

HOW TO CREATE RESEARCH INVENTIONS BY THE COMBINATION OF MULTIPLE THEORIES AND CONCEPTS:

AN IMPLICATION FROM DEVELOPING A NEW MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CORPORATE ALLIANCES

The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and Finance (GCBF2018)HI081817500 on January 3rd, 2018

Satoshi Tomita, Ph.D.Professor, Rikkyo University

[email protected]

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Page 2: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

Maintopicsandbackground• Thesedays,researchactivitiesincludingthemanagementstudiesarebecoming

progressivelymature,muchmoresegmented,andincreasinglyspecific.• So,it’smoredifficulttocreatenewresearchinventions byusingsingletheory,

concept,ormethodONLY.

• AmathematicalmodeltoexpressthemutualcomplementaryrelationshipbetweentwoinacorporatealliancewasdevelopedbySatoshiTomitaandYoshiyasu Takefuji in2015and2016

• Themodelcombinestheseveraltheoreticalframeworksof(1)ResourceBasedView(RBV)(2)Theconceptofflowinphysics(3)TheconceptofGiveandTakeinpsychologicalscience(4)Themethodologyofcyberinformatics

• Thedevelopmentofthemodelisagoodcasetounderstandthatthecombinationofmultipletheoriesandconceptshasproventobethekeyfactorforcreatingnewinventionsinmanagementstudies.

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Page 3: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

WhatisaCorporateAlliance?

• “Thestateinwhichtwoormorecompaniesareindependent,inordertodevelopnewbusinessorexpandexistingbusinessbytheexchangeofcomplementarymanagementresourcesprovidedtoeachcompanyregardlessofthepresenceorabsenceofabindingcontractorcapitalrelationship,withcontinuedcooperation,tosharetheoutcome.”- TomitaandTakefuji (2015,2016a,2016b,2016c,2016d)andTomita(2017)

• DefinedoriginallyfromYoshinoandRangan (1995)

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Page 4: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

WhatisANewMathematicalModelofMutuallyComplementaryforCorporateAlliances?

• Theconstructionofthemodelshowsthenew waytocreateresearchinventionsbythecombinationofmultipletheoriesandconcepts.

• Thisisagoodcasestudyforit!

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NewResearchInventions

Page 5: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

Exchangeofmanagementresources- strengthsandweaknesses

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• The strengths of company B will complement the weaknesses of company A, and vice versa.

• If the complements from one of the companies or both are large, the mutually complementary strength will also be large. è Flow intensity

• If both companies are committed to complementing the strengths and weaknesses of each other, they will more strongly complement mutually. è Flow balance

CompanyA CompanyB+

Page 6: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

UtilizingaOne-DimensionalMatrixandBipolarVectortoExpresstheStrengthsandWeaknesses

betweenTwoCompanies

• Eachcompanyisscoredon8characteristicsona5gradescale

CompanyAa =(1,5,4,2,2,1,3,5)CompanyBb =(5,1,1,3,4,2,3,2)

• CompanyA– CompanyB

c=a-b=(-4,4,3,-1,-2,-1,0,3)

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Page 7: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

TheRelationshipStrengthExpressedastheDistancefromtheMaximumPoint

• Thestrengthsofthemutuallycomplimentaryaremathematicallyexpressedbymeasuringthedistance fromthelargestmutuallycomplimentarystrengthpoint=”TheMaximumPoint”.

• Thebipolarvectorofthelengthfrom0to4oftheeightcharacteristics,themaximummutuallycomplementaryvaluedeterminedfromtakingtwosetsofhalfthenumberofcharacteristicswithamaximumlengthof4foreach,whichisthelongestpossiblebipolarvectorbilaterally.

• (8characteristics/2)*Maximumlengthof4=(16,-16)

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Page 8: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

Mathematicalexpressionbythedistancefromthemaximumpoint

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MaximumPoint

Page 9: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

Formula:MutuallyComplementaryStrengthandtheRelatedCoefficientasaValue

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• Themutuallycomplementarystrengthderivedandexplainedabovecanbeexpressedbythefollowingformula:

len(c)isthenumberofcharacteristics,plus=Σ(positiveintegers),andminus=Σ(negativeintegers)

• ThemodeloftheformationwasimplementedbyPythonprogrammaticallyandcomputedasavalue.

Page 10: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

ExplanationbyFlowIntensityandFlowBalance

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Page 11: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

WhatisaKeyfortheinventionintheresearch?

• Nobodycancreateamathematicalmodeltoexpressthemutualcomplementaryrelationshipbetweentwocompaniesduringthematchingphaseinacorporatealliancebyusingtheories,methods,andconceptsonmanagementstudiesONLY.

• Thestudyisbasedon(1)ResourceBasedView(RBV),appliedbythemethodologyof(2)cyberinformaticsandalsoimported(3)theconceptofflowfromPhysics&(4)theconceptofflowbalancefrompsychology.

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Page 12: The 2018 Kailua-Kona Global Conference on Business and ... · • The bipolar vector of the length from 0 to 4 of the eight ... applied by the methodology of (2)cyber informatics

CopyrightⒸSatoshiTomita AllRightReserved.

ConcludingComments• Thisinnovativeoutcomeinmanagementstudiescomesfrom

thecombinationofseveraltheoreticalconceptsandimportsmethodologiesfromothersciencefields

• ThemethodofthisresearchwasaccordedtothethinkingwayofSchumpeter (1912):newknowledgeiscreatedbynewcombinationsofalreadyexistingknowledge.

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NewCombinationsareimportanttocreateresearchinventionsinmanagementstudies