Table of Contents

Parenteral Medications

Table of Contents

Preparing Syringes Go Administering Injections Go Intravenous Therapy Go

Parenteral MedicationsTA

BLE

OF

CON

TEN

TS

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Lesson 1-Parenteral Medication

Injected directly into bloodstream

Injection

Intravenous therapy

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Lesson 1-Syringes

Usually disposable

Range of sizes

Parts of a syringe

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Lesson 1-Reading Syringes

Barrel marked with measurement units

Practice reading measurements

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Lesson 1-Needles

Diameter = gauge (G)

Larger the gauge, narrower the needle

Parts of a needle

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Lesson 1-Needle Safety and Disposal

Use safety sheaths

Do not recap used needles!

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Lesson 1-Medication Containers

Ampules

Vials

Cartridge units

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Lesson 2-Patient Anxiety

Be gentle, yet confident

Explain the procedure

Get assistance with young children

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Lesson 2-Preparing for Administration

Consent forms Remove restrictive

clothing Don gloves Cleanse site with

alcohol

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Lesson 2-Documentation

Include:◦ Date and time◦ Physician’s name◦ Drug name◦ Amount given◦ Route of

administration◦ Observations◦ Your name and title

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Lesson 2-Importance of Proper Technique

Sterile equipment

Avoid injury

Allergic reactions

Aspiration

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Lesson 2-Types of Injections

Intradermal

Subcutaneous

Intramuscular

Intravenous

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Lesson 2-Intradermal Injections

Dermal layer of skin

Anterior forearm, back

10 – 15 degree angle

Do not aspirate or massage

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Lesson 2-Subcutaneous Injections

Fatty tissue Deltoids, side of

umbilicus, mid- and lower-back

45-degree angle

Typically aspirate and massage

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Lesson 2-Intramuscular Injections

Muscle tissue

90-degree angle

Aspirate and massage

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Lesson 2-Intramuscular Injection Sites

Deltoid

Gluteus medius

Vastus lateralis

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Lesson 2-Z-Track Method

Tissue is held to side during administration

Shifting tissue block leakage

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Lesson 2-Insulin Injection Sites

Patient education

Use a pattern and rotate injection site

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Lesson 3-Intravenous Administration

Release fluids directly into the bloodstream

Intravenous injections

Intravenous lines

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Lesson 3-Intravenous Injections

Small amount of medication into vein

Assistants prepare syringe and monitor patient

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Lesson 3-Intravenous Line

Large amount of medication over long period of time

Assistants monitor vital signs, infection, irritation

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Lesson 3-IV Equipment

Sterile kit

Drip clamp or electronic device

Watch tube for kinks or loose connection

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Lesson 3-IV Bags

Contain fluid for IV lines

Be able to read bag measurements

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Lesson 3-Drip Rate

Rate medication drips into IV line

Drip set – number of drops equal to 1 mL