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CLINICAL STUDY Patient factors, comorbidities, and surgical characteristics that increase mortality and complication risk after spinal arthrodesis: a prognostic study based on 5,887 patients ..................... 1171 Andrew J. Schoenfeld, MD, Paul A. Carey, MD, Andrew W. Cleveland, III, MD, Julia O. Bader, PhD, Christopher M. Bono, MD COMMENTARY Calculating risks: the power and pitfalls of registry data......................................................................... 1180 Marjorie C. Wang, MD, MPH CLINICAL STUDIES Posterior lumbar interbody fusion for aged patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis: is intentional surgical reduction essential? .............................................................................................. 1183 Xiao‑Feng Lian, MD, Tie‑Sheng Hou, MD, Jian‑Guang Xu, MD, Bing‑Fang Zeng, MD, Jie Zhao, MD, Xiao‑Kang Liu, MD, Cheng Zhao, MD, Hao Li, MD Microscopic anterior foraminal decompression combined with anterior lumbar interbody fusion ........ 1190 Sang‑Ha Shin, MD, Won‑Gyu Choi, MD, PhD, Byeong‑Wook Hwang, MD, PhD, Yi‑Sheng Tsang, MD, Ewy‑Ryong Chung, MD, PhD, Hyeong‑Chang Lee, MD, Sang‑Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Sang‑Ho Lee, MD, PhD A comparison of dynamic views using plain radiographs and thin-section three-dimensional computed tomography in the evaluation of fusion after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery ............................................................................................................................. 1200 Hyeong‑Seok Lee, MD, Jae Hyup Lee, MD, PhD, Ji‑Ho Lee, MD, PhD Comparison of adjacent segment degeneration after successful posterolateral fusion with unilateral or bilateral pedicle screw instrumentation: a minimum 10-year follow-up ........................ 1208 Tae‑Hwan Kim, MD, Byung H. Lee, MD, Seong‑Hwan Moon, MD, Seung‑Hwan Lee, MD, Hwan‑Mo Lee, MD Optimal aspiration volume of vertebral bone marrow for use in spinal fusion ....................................... 1217 Joshua W. Hustedt, BA, Kola A. Jegede, MD, MHS, Raghav Badrinath, BS, Daniel D. Bohl, MPH, Daniel J. Blizzard, MD, MHS, Jonathan N. Grauer, MD Cover illustration from a photograph courtesy of Cory Garfin. THE SPINE JournaL Table of contents Volume 13, Number 10 October 2013

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Page 1: Table of Contents

CLINICAL STUDY

Patient factors, comorbidities, and surgical characteristics that increase mortality and complication risk after spinal arthrodesis: a prognostic study based on 5,887 patients .....................1171

Andrew J. Schoenfeld, MD, Paul A. Carey, MD, Andrew W. Cleveland, III, MD, Julia O. Bader, PhD, Christopher M. Bono, MD

COMMENTARY

Calculating risks: the power and pitfalls of registry data .........................................................................1180Marjorie C. Wang, MD, MPH

CLINICAL STUDIES

Posterior lumbar interbody fusion for aged patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis: is intentional surgical reduction essential? ..............................................................................................1183

Xiao‑Feng Lian, MD, Tie‑Sheng Hou, MD, Jian‑Guang Xu, MD, Bing‑Fang Zeng, MD, Jie Zhao, MD, Xiao‑Kang Liu, MD, Cheng Zhao, MD, Hao Li, MD

Microscopic anterior foraminal decompression combined with anterior lumbar interbody fusion ........1190Sang‑Ha Shin, MD, Won‑Gyu Choi, MD, PhD, Byeong‑Wook Hwang, MD, PhD,

Yi‑Sheng Tsang, MD, Ewy‑Ryong Chung, MD, PhD, Hyeong‑Chang Lee, MD, Sang‑Jin Lee, MD, PhD, Sang‑Ho Lee, MD, PhD

A comparison of dynamic views using plain radiographs and thin-section three-dimensional computed tomography in the evaluation of fusion after posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery ............................................................................................................................. 1200

Hyeong‑Seok Lee, MD, Jae Hyup Lee, MD, PhD, Ji‑Ho Lee, MD, PhD

Comparison of adjacent segment degeneration after successful posterolateral fusion with unilateral or bilateral pedicle screw instrumentation: a minimum 10-year follow-up ........................1208

Tae‑Hwan Kim, MD, Byung H. Lee, MD, Seong‑Hwan Moon, MD, Seung‑Hwan Lee, MD, Hwan‑Mo Lee, MD

Optimal aspiration volume of vertebral bone marrow for use in spinal fusion .......................................1217Joshua W. Hustedt, BA, Kola A. Jegede, MD, MHS, Raghav Badrinath, BS, Daniel D. Bohl, MPH,

Daniel J. Blizzard, MD, MHS, Jonathan N. Grauer, MD

Cover illustration from a photograph courtesy of Cory Garfin.

THE SPINE JournaLTable of contents

Volume 13, Number 10 October 2013

Page 2: Table of Contents

DensiProbe Spine: an intraoperative measurement of bone quality in spinal instrumentation. A clinical feasibility study ........................................................................................1223

Albrecht W. Popp, MD, Ronald Schwyn, Damiano Schiuma, MSc, Marius J. Keel, MD, Kurt Lippuner, MD, Lorin M. Benneker, MD

Reoperation rate after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis without spondylolisthesis: a nationwide cohort study .......................................................................................................................1230

Chi Heon Kim, MD, PhD, Chun Kee Chung, MD, PhD, Choon Seon Park, PhD, Boram Choi, PhD, Seokyung Hahn, PhD, Min Jung Kim, MS, Kun Sei Lee, MD, MPH, PhD, Byung Joo Park, MD, MPH, PhD

Efficacy of electrical stimulation for spinal fusion: a meta-analysis of fusion rate ................................1238Nai F. Tian, MD, Yao S. Wu, MD, Xiao L. Zhang, MD, Fang M. Mao, MD, Hua Z. Xu, MD,

Yong L. Chi, MD

Complications of rhBMP-2 utilization for posterolateral lumbar fusions requiring reoperation: a single practice, retrospective case series report ............................................................1244

Martin F. Hoffmann, MD, Clifford B. Jones, MD, FACS, Debra L. Sietsema, PhD

Does chronic warfarin cause increased blood loss and transfusion during lumbar spinal surgery?........1253Ernest Y. Young, MS, Kasra Ahmadinia, MD, Navkirat Bajwa, BS, Nicholas U. Ahn, MD

Evaluation of hip flexion strength following lateral lumbar interbody fusion ........................................1259Yu‑Po Lee, MD, Gilad J. Regev, MD, Justin Chan, BS, Bing Zhang, BS, MD, William Taylor, MD,

Choll W. Kim, MD, PhD, Steven R. Garfin, MD

BASIC SCIENCE

Effects of noxious stimulation and pain expectations on neuromuscular control of the spine in patients with chronic low back pain .......................................................................................1263

Yves Henchoz, PhD, Charles Tétreau, MSc, Jacques Abboud, MSc (c), Mathieu Piché, DC, PhD, Martin Descarreaux, DC, PhD

BMP-2 induced early bone formation in spine fusion using rat ovariectomy osteoporosis model .........1273Sung Bae Park, MD, Seong Hoon Park, MD, Na‑Hyung Kim, PhD, Chun Kee Chung, MD, PhD

Strain distribution in the lumbar vertebrae under different loading configurations .................................1281Luca Cristofolini, PhD, Nicola Brandolini, MSc, Valentina Danesi, MEng,

Mateusz M. Juszczyk, PhD, Paolo Erani, BEng, Marco Viceconti, PhD

Influence of an auxiliary facet system on intervertebral discs and adjacent facet joints .........................1293Yann Philippe Charles, PhD, Lucas Venancio Pires Carvalho Lima, MSc, Sylvain Persohn, MSc,

Philippe Rouch, PhD, Jean‑Paul Steib, MD, Wafa Skalli, PhD

The biomechanical influence of the facet joint orientation and the facet tropism in the lumbar spine .........1301Ho‑Joong Kim, MD, Heoung‑Jae Chun, PhD, Hwan‑Mo Lee, MD, Kyoung‑Tak Kang, MS,

Choon‑Ki Lee, MD, Bong‑Soon Chang, MD, Jin S. Yeom, MD

Phenotype variations affect genetic association studies of degenerative disc disease: conclusions of analysis of genetic association of 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms with highly specific phenotypes for disc degeneration in 332 subjects ..............................................1309

S. Rajasekaran, MS, MCh, FRCS(Ed), FRCS(London), FACS, PhD, Rishi Mugesh Kanna, MS Ortho, MRCS (UK), FNB Spine, Natesan Senthil, PhD, Muthuraja Raveendran, PhD, Kenneth M.C. Cheung, PhD, Danny Chan, PhD, Sakthikanal Subramaniam, MS, DNB, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, MS, DNB

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Ligamentous influence in pelvic load distribution ...................................................................................1321Niels Hammer, MD, Hanno Steinke, PhD, Uwe Lingslebe, MSc, Ingo Bechmann, MD,

Christoph Josten, MD, Volker Slowik, PhD, Jörg Böhme, MD

Biomechanics of lateral plate and pedicle screw constructs in lumbar spines instrumented at two levels with laterally placed interbody cages .............................................................................1331

Aniruddh N. Nayak, MS, Sergio Gutierrez, PhD, James B. Billys, MD, Brandon G. Santoni, PhD, Antonio E. Castellvi, MD

REVIEW ARTICLES

Adjacent segment disease in the lumbar spine following different treatment interventions ...................1339Kristen E. Radcliff, MD, Christopher K. Kepler, MD, Andre Jakoi, MD,

Gursukhman S. Sidhu, MBBS, Jeffrey Rihn, MD, Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD, PhD, Todd J. Albert, MD, Alan S. Hilibrand, MD

Rods in spinal surgery: a review of the literature ....................................................................................1350Hiroyuki Yoshihara, MD, PhD

Pharmacophysiology of bone and spinal fusion .......................................................................................1359Samuel Kalb, MD, Mark A. Mahan, MD, Ali M. Elhadi, MD, Alexander Dru, BA, Justin Eales, BS,

Marcelo Lemos, MD, Nicholas Theodore, MD

Evidence-based analysis of adjacent segment degeneration and disease after ACDF: a systematic review ..............................................................................................................................1370

Charles S. Carrier, BA, Christopher M. Bono, MD, Darren R. Lebl, MD

Multiple primary intramedullary ependymomas: a case report and review of the literature ...................1379Mohamad Bydon, MD, Dimitrios Mathios, MD, Javier J. Aguayo‑Alvarez, BA,

Cherry Ho, MD, PhD, Ziya L. Gokaslan, MD, Ali Bydon, MD

An evidence-based clinical guideline for antibiotic prophylaxis in spine surgery ..................................1387William O. Shaffer, MD, Jamie L. Baisden, MD, Robert Fernand, MD, Paul G. Matz, MD

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for spinal wounds: a systematic review ..............................1393Karen J. Ousey, PhD, Ross A. Atkinson, PhD, J. Bradley Williamson, MBChB, FRCS,

Steve Lui, MSc

IMAGES OF SPINE CARE

Severe Charcot spinal arthropathy ............................................................................................................1406Aurelien Dinh, MD, Alexis Descatha, MD, PhD, Robert Y. Carlier, MD, PhD

Large completely calcified spinal meningioma ........................................................................................1408Nai F. Tian, MD, Hua Z. Xu, MD, Xiang Y. Wang, MD, PhD, Yao S. Wu, MD, Fang M. Mao, MD

Suspected lumbar compartment syndrome: a rare cause of low back pain after strenuous exercise ......1409Jose M. Chavez, DO, Peter G. Gonzalez, MD

Symptomatic heterotopic bone formation after rhBMP-2 utilization in lateral lumbar interbody fusion ...................................................................................................................................1411

Alexander Aichmair, MD, Federico P. Girardi, MD, Alexander P. Hughes, MD, Andrew A. Sama, MD, Darren R. Lebl, MD, Frank P. Cammisa, MD

Vertebral arteriovenous fistula following C2 pedicle screw fixation .......................................................1413In‑Hoo Ra, MD, Woo‑Kie Min, MD, PhD

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JOURNAL REPORTS

Journal Reports .........................................................................................................................................1415

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

End-plate measurements as early markers of disc degeneration and herniation .....................................1418Emily Jane Woo, MD, MPH

Fouladi responds .......................................................................................................................................1418Rohollah F. Fouladi, MD

Meetings Calendar ....................................................................................................................................1420

AVAILABLE ONLINE: CASE REPORTS

Primary cervical amyloidoma: a case report and review of the literature ................................................... e1Brian C. Werner, MD, Francis H. Shen, MD, Adam L. Shimer, MD

Triparesis caused by gas-containing extensive epidural abscess secondary to Aeromonas hydrophila infection of a thoracic vertebroplasty: a case report ............................................................. e9

Jun‑Seok Lee, MD, Su‑Mi Choi, MD, Ki‑Won Kim, MD

Acute epidural lipedema: a novel entity and potential complication of bone morphogenetic protein use in lumbar spine fusion ......................................................................................................... e15

Michael T. Merrick, MD, Kendall D. Hamilton, MD, Scott S. Russo, MD

Intramedullary arachnoid cyst in association with cervical spondylosis: case report ............................... e21Abolfazl Rahimizadeh, MD, Housain Soufiani, MD

Primary amyloidoma in epidural and paravertebral space of the lumbar spine ......................................... e27Hiroyuki Aono, MD, PhD, Shigeki Kakunaga, MD, PhD, Shuji Koide, MD,

Hidekazu Tobimatsu, MD, Masayuki Kuroda, MD, Ikuo Kudawara, MD, PhD, Kiyoshi Mori, MD, PhD, Eiichi Konishi, MD, PhD, Takafumi Ueda, MD, PhD

Intratumoral hemorrhage because of primary spinal mixed germ cell tumor presenting with atypical radiological features in an adult ....................................................................................... e31

Junkoh Yamamoto, MD, PhD, Mayu Takahashi, MD, PhD, Yoshiteru Nakano, MD, PhD, Takeshi Saito, MD, PhD, Takehiro Kitagawa, MD, Kunihiro Ueta, MD, Ryo Miyaoka, MD, Eiichiro Nakamura, MD, PhD, Shigeru Nishizawa, MD, PhD

An unexpected complication of occipitocervical stabilization surgery: retropharyngeal hematoma ........ e39Kadir Kotil, MD, Neslihan Sütpideler Koksal, MD, Emine Ozyuvaci, MD, Ozgur Yigit, MD,

Kaya Kilic, MD

Postoperative spinal cord herniation with pseudomeningocele in the cervical spine: a case report ......... e43Tokuhide Moriyama, MD, Toshiya Tachibana, MD, Keishi Maruo, MD, Shinichi Inoue, MD,

Fumiaki Okada, MD, Shinichi Yoshiya, MD

Craniocervical hyperpneumatization with concurrent pneumorrhachis, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema in a weightlifter ................................................. e47

Jessica C. Germino, MD, Jonathan R. Medverd, MD, Vicky T. Nguyen, MD, Jennifer L. Favinger, MD, Carrie P. Marder, MD, PhD

Long-term follow-up of a case of aneurysmal bone cyst in the lumbar spine ........................................... e55Takahiro Kitamura, MD, Ko Ikuta, MD, Hideyuki Senba, MD, Norihiro Komiya, MD,

Satoshi Shidahara, MD

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Acute spinal subdural hematoma with hemiplegia after acupuncture: a case report and review of the literature ........................................................................................................................... e59

JunBum Park, MD, Ryeok Ahn, MD, DaiSik Son, MD, BeongSeong Kang, MD, DongSeok Yang, MD, PhD

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