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LakewoodAirport
Silver Bay
Kettle Cr
Cotte
rals
Brook
M
uddy Ford Brook
S aw
mi l
l Cr
Stab
Br
N Br Metedeconk River
N Br Dicks Brook
Kettle Cr
Cabinfield Br
S Br Kettle Cr
Long Causeway Br
Gra
ss H
ollo
wBr
Waterin g Place Brook
Haystack Brook
Dicks Brook
S Br Metedeconk River
Quail Cr
Tunes Br
Cabinfield Br
Gre
en B
r
Cedar Bridge Br
Toms R
iver
Kettle Creek
ver
Sout h Branch Metedeconk River
Metedeconk River
LakeWadill
LakeRiviera
PineLake
LakeShenandoah
Pine Lake
LakeManetta
ForgePond
MO
NM
OU
TH C
O
MO
NM
OU
TH
CO
OCEA
N C
O
OCEA
N C
O
OC
EA
N C
O
NE W CENTRA L AVE
EDGEMER E DR
GLE
N A
VE
S
BRO
WN
RD
PRIVATE W
AYE
VA
TSE
ROF
HICKORY ST
11TH ST
VER
MO
NT
AV
E
MA
RC
DR
PARK
AVE
WHITTY RD
E EN
D A
VE
TOWERS ST
TS YERFFEJ
PORTSMOUT H DR
GEFEN DR
OA
K G
LEN R
D
VIENNA RD
BAY HILL RD
ASHWOOD D
R
COURTSHIRE DR
WIST
ERI A
DR
FLINTO
FT AV
E
NEIL AVE
BURNT TAVERN RD
SUNS
ET D
R
WIL
SON
DR
BRIC
K B
LVD
RD
AIG
ROE
G
AM
HER
S TDR
QUEEN ANN RD
CEN
TR
AL
AVE
DRUM POINT RD
K
PORT RD
CIRCLE DR
SCHLEY AVE
FOR
ES TCIR
10TH AVE
9TH AVE
CO RD 527
MCPHER
SON S
T
N LAK E DR
CEDAR ST
MO
RNI N
GD
ALE
BLV
D
CARASALJO DR
CEN
TRA
LST
W CO LINE RD
FORD RD
MA
SSA
CH
USE
TT
S AV
EC
ASE
RD
CLAYTON AVE
FINCHLEY BLVD
ESTELLE LN
N MAPLE AVE
VIN
E AV
E
MA
XIM SO
UTH
AR
D RD
PINE ST
EVA
NILR
AM
TWIN
OAK
S DR
NEW
HAM
PSH
IRE
AVE
SPR
ING
MEA
DOW
DR
MOUNT HOOD LN
PINEHURS T DR
FISCHER BLVD
ARIZONA DR
WATERS EDG
EVERG
REEN
DR
CHAMBERSBRIDGE RD
LAR
C HD
R
MO
LL Y
LNT
EXA
S D
R
TUNES BROOK DR
IRIS
ADO
DR
EVA
NOS
KC
AJA
LMON
D DR
ST
LAKEWOO D RD
N HO
PE C
HAPE
L RD
HOLLY ST
RIVERWOO D DR
POW
DERH
ORN
DR
AU
TU
MN
RD
WESTON DR
9T H ST
E SPRUCE ST
5TH ST
COURTNEY RD
LOCUST ST
SILVER
TON R
DAG
INCO
UR T
RD
AVE OF THE STATES
SOM
ERSET
AVE
SWARTHMORE AVE
MOUN T IDENBURG LN
H G
EOR
GE
BUC
KWA
LD D
R
CHURCH RD
RUTG
ERS
BLVD
CO LINE RD E
OLD CHURCH RD
EMER
AL D
DR
SPRUCEW
OOD DR
SPR
UC
E D
R
RIVA BLVD
S SHORE DR
CORN
ELL
DR
MO
UN
TLN
GREEN GROVE RD
BURRSVILLE RD
S L OO
P RD
NEW
TON
S CO
RNER RD
DEB
ORAH LN
CHERIE DR
BARKER ST
BYRON RD
JOHN ST
WH
ITM
AN
S T
SEA
BR
EEZE
RD
EVER
ESD
R S
CA
ROLI
NA
AVE
LAUR
EL A
VE
11T H AVE
GUD Z
RD
6TH AVE
5TH AVE
MA
CK
ENZ
IE RD
CEDA
R RO
WC
OLU
MBU
S AV
E S
VILLAG E RD
14TH ST
KEN
T RD
FLINTLOCK DR
STEVEN S RD
7TH ST
CLIFTO
N AV
E
CARE Y ST
E KENNEDY BLVD
E 7T H ST
BELTAN
E RD
SALEM ST
CO R
D 54
7
SWEE
TBA Y
DR
N BA
YAV
E
OCEAN
CO PA
RK
AROS A HILL
OBERLIN AVE S
SILVERTON RD
CEDAR BRIDGE AVE
OBE
RLIN
AVE
N
LEH
IGH
AVE
DUM
BART
ON
DR
LONG BEACH A
VE
HOVSONS BLVD
DEL MAR RD
HUXLEY DR
RAM
TOW
N-G
REEN
VILL
E RD
BEAVERSON BLVD
LAFA
YETT
E D
R
CEDAR BRIDGE AVE
SCHO
ONER DR
PRINCESS AVE
N LO
OP
RD
PINYO
N ST
PINEWOOD RD
KETTLE CREEK RD
CH
ERRY LN
WESTWOOD DR
JACK MARTIN BLVD
MANTOLOKING RD
VAN ZILE RD
TIL
LAK
E RD
AM
IN S
T
COMMONWEALTH BLVD
GRA
ND E
RIVE
R BL
VD
WIN
DIN
G R
IVER
MEADOW
LAKE DR
HEA
RTH
STO
NE
DR
SUNSE T AVE
3RD ST
2ND ST
LEXING
TON
AVE
CHURCH RDD
INO
BLVD
SAC
HS
AVE
EVA
NOT
GNI
HSA
W
AR
LIN
GTO
N A
VE
CLO
VER
ST
LARRABEE BLVD
RIDGE AVE
RONALD RD
LAN
ES PON
D R
D
TOD
D R
DTS
REW
OH
NESIE
ERICA RD
DORC
HES
TER
DR
VASS
ER A
VE
INVERNESS CT
CROWN CIR
NEWPORT DR
LIONS H
EAD BLVD S
LAKELAND DR
MAPLEWOOD DR
STEPHAN RD
HER
BO
RN
AV
E
ROBERTA DR
SQU
RNKU
M RD
LANE
S M
ILL
RD
EVA
AILO
NG
AM
S ILV
ERT O
N R
D
LYNNWOOD AVE
BLAKE CIR
MUIR DR
DR
DN
ARB
SYCAMORE DR
ROBB
INS
ST
SEVENTH AVE
BEAC
ON
ST
CEDARVIEW DR
W CROSS ST
RO
LLIN G
RIDG E LN
PROSPECT ST
CROSS ST
LAK
EWO
OD
AVE
8TH ST
4TH ST
RD
GNI
K RE
HT
UL NI
TRA
M
VIN
E ST
BRY AVE
CO
RA
L AV
E
KE
NSIN
GTO
N CIR
GO
LDSP
IRE RD
TOW
BIN
AVE
STA
RK
ST
PORTER RD
AIRP
ORT
RD
SUM
MERW
IND
S DR
ARGYLL CIR
JOE PARKER RD
VERMONT DR
SLOPING HILL TER
DOG
WO
OD
DR
WES
TER
N D
R
HO
OPE
R AV
E
YORKTOWNE BLVD
YORKWOOD DR
VIRGINIA DR
AURO
R A
PL
RD
MOSS
OLB
GLOUCESTER AVE
TH
E B
OU
LEVA
RD
LITTLE
LEAF L
N
EVEREST DR S
COLUMBUS DR
SALL
Y IKE R
D
SEVENTH AVE
OAK KNOLL DR
FARA
DA Y
AVE
BR
OO
KW
OO
D P
KW
Y
ROSE
WOO D
DR
JAMES ST
HEA
RT H
CT
ASHFOR DRD
HONEY LOCUST DR
CENTRAL AVE
6TH ST
10TH ST
TS NIL
HG
UO
CC
YP R
ESS
AVE
PRIN
CET
ON
AVE
CHESTNUT ST
NEW
HA
MPSH
IRE AV
E
ENGLEBER G TER
BROOK
RD
BRO
KA W
BLV
D
ARNOLD BLVD
COLLEG
ED
R
OL D
TOM
S R I
VER
RD
TS
KC
OR
RO
HS
LAUREN LN S
ELMWOOD DR
STO
NE
HED
G E
DR
DELAW
AR
E DR
N L
AK E
SH
ORE
DR
ALAN TER
DAVIDSON AVE
S S
MY
RTLE
AV
E
TILFORD BLVD
CENTRAL BLVD
CLAY CIR
GRE
ENBR
IAR
BLVD
STERLING AVE
OAK FOREST DR
LEXINGTO
N DR
DR
AK
E R
D
COUNTR Y CLU B DR
8TH AVE
MIL
L ER
RD
MOBIL E LN
725 D
R O
C
COX CRO RD
ROBERT S RD
ALEXANDER AVE
MO
NM
OU
TH
AVE
13T H ST
E CO LINE RD
VER
MO
NT
AV
E
OAK ST
ALBE
RT A
VE
LUCY RD
RD
NOT
GNI
TN
UH
MA
RSH
ALL
ST
MOUN T EVERES T LN
SUMMERFIELD DR
FO
UR SEASONS DR
ALLENWOOD LAKEWOOD RD
MEADO
WBRO
OK RD
WINDING WAY
LAG
UN
A L
N
BIRCH BARK DR
ORANGEWOOD DR
GR
EEN
WO
OD
RD
ESSEX DR
HO
LLYWOOD DR
SILVER BA Y RD
LAK
E SH
OR
E D
R
HER
ITAG
E DR
DUQUESNE BLVD
PINE
AVE
OAK HILL DR
BA YHARBOR BLVD
BRIC
K BL
VD
MA
RKH
AM
RD
BARK ST
SEAVIEW AVE
BEACON AVE
FORGE POND RD
SAN
DC
REE
KLN
BAY STREAM DR
NAUTILUS DR
MANOR DR
HOOPER
AVE
EMERSO
N
SEACLU
CH
ERRY
QU
AY R
D
BRICK BLVD
OCEAN AVE
LAK
EWO
OD
RD
RIV
ER A
VE
MA
DIS
ON
AV
E
LAKEW
OO
D R
DGARDEN ST
ATE PKWY
GA
RDEN
STA
TE P
KWY
GAR
DEN
STAT
E PK
WY
LAK
EWO
OD
RD
LAKEWOOD
TOMSRIVER
PINE LAKE
PINE LAKEPARK
RAMTOWN
LeisureVillage
Leisure Village East
Spruce Gardens
LakeRiviera
Silverton
Larrabees
OakHill
Silver Bay
Riviera onthe Bay
LocustManor
CedarwoodPark
CedarBridge
SevenStars
CoventrySquare
EvergreenShores
PineTerrace
Greenville
Cedar BridgeManor
SouthLakewood
PleasantPlains
HolidayCity
Anchorage
Laurelton
StonyHill
Mallard Point
Tch
Tch
Tch
Tch
Tch
Tch
Tkw
Tkw
Tkw
C'
A
B
C
B'
A'
29-41799
29-16728
29-55065
29-30822
Tch
29-23518
E201502105Fig. 3 & 4
D
D’
29-05496
E201610867
Tkw
TkwTkw
Tch
29-9259
29-5110
29-05799
29-3525
Figure 1
Figure 2
Tch
Tch
9
9
9
9
70
70
70
88
88
88
88
Tch
Tch
Tch
Tch
(ADELPHIA) (ASBURY PARK)
(KESW
ICK G
ROVE) (SEASIDE PARK)
(FARMINGDALE)
(TOMS RIVER)
(LA
KE
HU
RS
T)
(PO
INT
PLE
AS
AN
T)
40o07’30”74o15’ 74o07’30”
40o07’30”
40o00’74o15’ 74o07’30”
40o00’
MA
GN
ETIC N
ORTH
APPROXIMATE MEANDECLINATION, 2006
TRUE N
ORTH
13°
Bedrock Geologic Map of the Lakewood Quadrangle Monmouth and Ocean Counties, New Jersey
byPeter J. Sugarman, Alexandra Carone, Nicole L. Malerba, and Scott Lyons
2018
Base map produced by the United States Geological SurveyNorth American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84). Projection and 1,000-meter grid: Universal Trasverse Mercator, Zone 18T 10,000-foot ticks: New Jersey Coordinate System of 1983.
This map is not a legal document. Boundaries may be generalized for this map scale. Private lands within government reservations may not be shown. Obtain permission before entering private lands.
Roads................................................U.S. Census Bureau, 2015-2016.Names................................................................................GNIS, 2016.Hydrography................................National Hydrography Dataset, 2015.Contours...........................................National Elevation Dataset, 2012.Boundaries..................Multiple sources; see metadata file 1972-2014.
Bedrock geology mapped by P.J. Sugarman and S. Lyons, 2016-2017.Digital cartography by N.L. Malerba.
Subsurface geology by P.J. Sugarman and A. Carone, 2017.Mineralogy by F. L. Müller, 2017.
This geologic map was funded in part by theU. S. Geological Survey, National Cooperative Geologic
Mapping Program, under Statemap award number G15AC00222. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of
the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representingthe official policies,either expressed or implied of the U. S. Government.
LOCATION IN NEW JERSEY
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FT
7000 FEET1000 0 2000 3000 4000
.5 1 KILOMETER1 0
SCALE 1:24,0001/ 21 0 1 MILE
1000 5000 6000
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTNEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY
BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LAKEWOOD QUADRANGLEMONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY
OPEN FILE MAP OFM #121PLATE 1 OF 2
Prepared in cooperation with theU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM
Contact – Approximately located.
Well with geophysical log – Location accurate to within 500 feet. Information for wells given on Table 1.
Approximate photograph location
EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS
Figure 1
New Jersey Permit Latitude (ddmmss) Longitude (ddmmss) Elevation (feet) Total Depth (feet) County Municipality Section29-05496 400614 741137 64 823 Ocean Lakewood A-A'
E201502105 400501 741326 70 1601 Ocean Lakewood D-D'29-30822 400437 740833 31 1870 Ocean Brick A-A'29-16728 400606 740911 15 697 Monmouth Howell C-C'29-41799 400227 741436 78 2206 Ocean Toms River B-B'; C-C'29-23518 400120 741220 86 705 Ocean Toms River B-B'; D-D'29-55065 400623 741349 70 665 Ocean Lakewood A-A'; D-D'
E201610867 400550 741048 100 100 Ocean Lakewood A-A'33-25051* 395941 741211 74 362 Ocean Toms River Projected onto B-B'29-5110 400312 741123 45 767 Ocean Lakewood29-9259 400438 741107 70 1692 Ocean Lakewood29-3525 400739 740820 12 795 Ocean Brick
29-05799 400358 740812 8 711 Ocean LakewoodTable 1. New Jersey permit number, location, elevation, total depth, county, and municipality of wells used in cross-sections and for mapping.* 0.4 miles south of map area. Shown on cross-section only.njgeology.org
Figure 2. Cohansey Formation: coarse to very-coarse quartz sand granules with opaque heavy minerals (dark grains). Magnification 25x. Photograph by J. Dooley.
Figure 3. Kirkwood Formation: silty, very fine to fine quartz sand with opaque heavy minerals (dark grains) and lignite (larger black fragment). Magnification 26x. Photograph by J. Dooley from well number E201502105 from 80-90 feet.
Figure 4. Shark River Formation: clayey fine to medium glauconitic quartz sand with shell fragments. Glauconite grains are green and black, quartz grains are clear and white, shell fragments are angular and pinkish-white. Magnification 15x. Photograph by J. Dooley from well number E201502105 from130-140 feet.
Potomac Formation, Unit 3
Magothy Formation
Merchantville-Woodbury Formations(Undivided)
Lower Englishtown Formation
Marshalltown-Wenonah Formations(Undivided)
Mount Laurel Formation
Navesink-Red Bank Formations (Undivided)
Hornerstown Formmation
Vincentown Formation
CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS
Pale
ocen
e
Low
erC
reta
ceou
sU
pper
Cre
tace
ous
Raritan Formation Farrington Sand Member
Raritan FormationWoodbridge Clay Member
Shown in subsurface only
Manasquan Formation
Shark River Formation
Kirkwood Formation
Cohansey Formation
Eoce
neM
ioce
ne
Upper Englishtown Formation
Potomac Formation, Unit 2
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
Tch
Tkw
Tsr
Tmq
Tvt
Tht
Knsrb
Kml
Kmtw
Ketu
Ketl
Kmvwb
Kmg
Krw
Krf
Kp3
Kp2
UNCONFORMITY
Figure 1. Planar tabular cross beds in the Cohansey Formation. Location of outcrop shown on inset of quadrangle. Photograph by P. J. Sugarman.
1835
NEW
JER
SEY
GEOLOGICAL AND W
ATER SURVEY
Map Area
Map Area
Map Area
Map Area
REFERENCES
Andrews, G.W., 1987, Miocene marine diatoms from the Kirkwood Formation, Atlantic County, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1769, 14 p.
Browning, J.V., Sugarman, P.J., Miller, K.G., Aubry, M.-P., Abdul, N.A., Edwards, L.E., Bukry, D., Esmeray, S., Feigenson, M.D., Graff, W., Harris, A.D., Martin, P.J., McLaughlin, P.P., Mizintseva, S.F., Monteverde, D.H., Montone, L.M., Olsson, R.K., Uptegrove, J., Wahyudi, H., Wang, H., and Zulfitriadi, 2011: Double Trouble site, in Miller, Sugarman, Browning, et al., Proc. ODP, 174AX (Suppl.), College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), p. 1–63. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.174AXS.110.2011.
Carter, C.H., 1978, A regressive barrier and barrier-protected deposit – Depositional environments and geographic setting of the later Tertiary Cohansey Sand: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 48, no. 3, p. 933-950.
Christopher, R.A., 1979, Normapolles and triporate pollen assemblages from the Raritan and Magothy Formations (Upper Cretaceous) of New Jersey: Palynology, v. 3, p. 73-121.
Cobban, W.A., and Kennedy, W.J., 1990, Upper Cenomanian ammonites from the Woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation in New Jersey: Journal of Paleontology, v. 64, p. 845-846.
Doyle, J.A., and Robbins, E.I., 1977, Angiosperm pollen zonation of the continental Cretaceous of the Atlantic Coastal Plain and its application to deep wells in the Salisbury Embayment: Palynology, v. 1, p. 43–78.
Greller, A.M., and Rachele, L.D., 1983, Climatic limits of exotic genera in the Legler palynoflora, Miocene, New Jersey, U.S.A.: Review of Paleobotany and Palynology, v. 40, no. 3, p. 149-163.
Markewicz, F.J., 1969, Ilmenite deposits of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, Field Trip 6, in Subitzky, Seymour, ed., Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions: New Brunswick, N.J., Rutgers University Press, p. 363-382.
Miller, K.G., Sugarman, P.J., Browning, J.V., Aubry, Marie-Pierre, Brenner, G.J., Cobbs, Gene III, de Romero, Linda, Feigenson, M.D., Harris, Ashley, Katz, M.E., Kulpecz, Andrew, McLaughlin, P.P. Jr., Mizintseva, Svetlana, Monteverde, D.H., Olsson, R.K., Patrick, Lesley, Pekar, S.J., and Uptegrove, Jane, 2006, Sea Girt Site. In Miller, Sugarman, Browning, et al., Proc. ODP, 174AX (Suppl.), College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), p. 1-104. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.174axs.107.2006.
Miller, K.G., Rufolo, S., Sugarman, P.J., Pekar, S.F., Browning, J.V., and Gwynn, D.W., 1997, Early to middle Miocene sequences, systems tracts, and benthic foraminiferal biofacies, New Jersey coastal plain in Miller, K.G., and Snyder, S.W., eds, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, Volume 150X: College Station, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program, p. 169-186. doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.150x.313.1997.
Minard, J.P., 1969, Geology of the Sandy Hook quadrangle in Monmouth County, New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1276, 43 p.
Newell, W.L., Powars, D.S., Owens, J.P., Stanford, S.D., and Stone, B.D., 2000, Surficial geologic map of central and southern New Jersey: U. S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-2540-D, scale 1:100,000.
Nichols, W.D., 1977, Digital computer simulation model of the Englishtown aquifer in the northern Coastal Plain of New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 77-73, 101 p.
Olsson, R.K., 1964, Late Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera from New Jersey and Delaware: Micropaleontology, v. 10, p. 157-188.
Owens, J.P., Sugarman, P.J., Sohl, N.F., Parker, R.A., Houghton, H.F., Volkert, R.A., Drake, Jr., A.A., and Orndorff, R.C., 1998, Bedrock geologic map of central and southern New Jersey: Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I-2540-B, scale 1:100,000, 4 sheets.
Owens, J.P., Bybell, L.M., Paulachok, Gary, Ager, T.A., Gonzalez, V.M., and Sugarman, P.J., 1988, Stratigraphy of the Tertiary sediments in a 945-foot-deep corehole near Mays Landing in the southeastern New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1484, 39 p.
Owens, J.P., and Sohl, N.F., 1969, Shelf and deltaic paleoenvironments in the Cretaceous-Tertiary formations of the New Jersey Coastal Plain, Field Trip 2, in Subitzky, Seymour, ed., Geology of selected areas in New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania and guidebook of excursions: New Brunswick, N.J., Rutgers University Press, p. 235-278.
Ries, Heinrich, Kummel, H.B., and Knapp, G.N., 1904, The clays and clay industry of New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Final Report of the State Geologist, v. 6, 548 p.
Rachele, L.D., 1976, Palynology of the Legler lignite: a deposit in the Tertiary Cohansey formation of New Jersey, U.S.A.: Review of Paleobotany and Palynology, v. 22, p. 225-252.
Stanford, S.D., Pristas, R.S., and Witte, R.W., 2007, Surficial geology of New Jersey (scale 1:100,000): N. J. Geological Survey Digital Geodata Series 07-2.
Sugarman, P.J., 1994, Geologic map of the Asbury Park quadrangle, Monmouth and Ocean Counties, New Jersey: New Jersey Geological Survey Geologic Map Series 94-2, scale 1:24,000.
Sugarman, P.J., Miller, K.G., Owens, J.P., and Feigenson, M.D., 1993, Strontium-isotope and sequence stratigraphy of the Miocene Kirkwood Formation, southern New Jersey: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 105, p. 423-436.
Sugarman, P.J., Owens, J.P., and Bybell, L.M., 1991, Geologic Map of the Adelphia and Farmingdale Quadrangles, Monmouth and Ocean Counties, New Jersey; New Jersey Geological Survey Geologic Map Series 91-1, scale 1:24,000.
Wolfe, J.A., 1976, Stratigraphic distribution of some pollen types from the Campanian and lower Maestrichtian rocks (Upper Cretaceous) of the Middle Atlantic States: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 977, 18 p., 4 pls.
Zapecza, O.S., 1989. Hydrogeologic framework of the New Jersey Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1404-B, 49 p, 24 pls.
INTRODUCTION
Bedrock of the Lakewood quadrangle consists of unconsolidated sand, silt, clay, and glauconite sand, deposited in fluvial, coastal, nearshore-marine, and continental-shelf settings between approximately 110 and 12 million years ago. The sediments are classified into 17 units, but only 2 formations - the Cohansey and Kirkwood - crop out in the quadrangle. The other 15 units are mapped in the subsurface and shown on cross-section only. Lithology and age of the formations are provided in the Description of Map Units. Cross sections AA’, BB’, CC’, and DD’ show the subsurface geometry of the formations along the lines of section.
In most of the Lakewood quadrangle, the Kirkwood and Cohansey Formations are covered by surficial deposits. These deposits include alluvial and wetland sediments of Holocene age laid down in modern floodplains and areas of groundwater seepage; estuarine and tidal-marsh sediments of Holocene age laid down along Barnegat Bay on the eastern edge of the map; fluvial and colluvial sand and gravel of Pleistocene age forming terraces in valleys; marginal-marine sand and gravel of Pleistocene age forming marine terraces below an altitude of 50 feet on the eastern edge of the map area; and fluvial and colluvial sand and gravel of late Miocene to early Pleistocene age capping hilltops and divides between valleys. They are generally less than 20 feet thick. Their approximate extent is shown on Newell and others (2000) and Stanford and others (2007).
DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS
Cohansey Formation - Sand, quartz, light brown to dark-yellowish-orange and yellowish-gray to light-gray, medium- to very coarse-grained, with pebbles. Commonly cross-bedded (trough and planar-tabular; fig. 1). Contains rare to abundant Ophiomorpha borrows as much as 1 inch in diameter. Typically the weathered sand is dominantly an orthoquartzite with traces of feldspar (fig. 2). Areas in the quadrangle contain greater than 3% heavy minerals (Markewicz, 1969), commonly concentrated along bedding planes. In these concentrations, ilmenite dominates the opaque minerals; to a lesser extent zircon and sillimanite dominate the non-opaque minerals. Kaolinite dominates the clay-sized minerals. Cohansey sediments were deposited in barrier island and back-barrier tidal flat environments (Carter, 1978).
Exposures are poor except in excavations because of the loose, sandy nature of the formation. Maximum thickness 160 feet.
The basal contact of the formation is placed at the unconformity between cross-bedded, medium- to-coarse sand of the Cohansey and massive, fine-grained micaceous sand of the Kirkwood Formation. The contact is not exposed in the quadrangle. A thin veneer of gravel commonly caps the Cohansey and is interpreted to be a lag gravel (partly colluvial) derived from the erosion and reworking of the formation.
No datable material has been recovered from the Cohansey in this quadrangle. Cores taken near Mays Landing, New Jersey (Owens and others, 1988) show Cohansey and Kirkwood palynomorphs very similar to those reported by Rachele (1976) and Greller and Rachele (1983) from the Legler lignite found in the Cohansey Formation in the Lakehurst quadrangle, and indicate that the two formations are close in age. As the upper part of the Kirkwood is middle Miocene, the Cohansey is also middle Miocene.
Kirkwood Formation - Sand, typically orange, yellow, or gray, overlying dark-gray or brown clay-silt. Sand is cross-bedded, laminated, or massive, very fine- to fine-grained quartz (fig. 3), micaceous, with occasional gravel and heavy minerals concentrated on bedding planes. Sand consists mostly of quartz, with small amounts of feldspar and mica (mostly muscovite). Detrital heavy minerals are dominated by the opaques, especially ilmenite, with lesser amounts of non-opaques including zircon, staurolite, garnet, rutile, monazite and tourmaline. Ore-grade ilmenite deposits have been identified in the Kirkwood as well as the Cohansey. Ilmenite concentrations in the ore-grade Kirkwood range from 3 to 10 percent (Markewicz, 1969). The clay-silt facies, that dominates the lower half of the formation in the quadrangle, is known as the Asbury Clay where it crops out in Monmouth County, north of the quadrangle (Ries and others, 1904). It is dark, peaty, and laminated with lenses of massive to locally cross-bedded fine sand. Finely dispersed clay minerals include kaolinite, illite, and illite/smectite. Pyrite is common in the lower dark, clayey, organic-rich beds. A reworked section typically 2 to 3 feet thick at the base of the Kirkwood consists of coarse glauconite-quartz sand with granules and occasional shark teeth. The re-worked material rests unconformably upon the Shark River Formation.
The Kirkwood was revised by Owens and others (1998) to include, in ascending order, an unnamed lower member (equivalent to the Brigantine Member (Miller and others, 1997)), the Shiloh Marl Member, the Wildwood Member, and the Belleplain Member. Both the unnamed lower member and the Shiloh Marl Member are clayey at the base and sandy at the top, a pattern that is also reflected on gamma-ray geophysical logs (in general, clays show higher gamma activity and lower resistivity than sandy units). The unnamed lower Member and Shiloh Marl Member are approximately 21-19 million years old, the Wildwood Member 18-15 million years old, and the Belleplain Member 13 million years old (Miller and others, 1997). Previous mapping of these members illustrates that the older unnamed lower and Shiloh Marl members are present in the northern New Jersey coastal plain to the north and northeast of Lakehurst (Sugarman and others, 1991; Sugarman, 1994). The Wildwood and Belleplain Members are not present in Lakewood quadrangle, but only to the south of this region (Sugarman and others, 1993). Due to a lack of age control for outcropping or subsurface material in the Lakewood quadrangle, members were not assigned to the Kirkwood Formation in this quadrangle. Maximum thickness of the Kirkwood Formation is 110 feet in the Lakewood quadrangle.
While no datable material has been recovered from the Kirkwood Formation in the Lakewood quadrangle, the formation is known to be early Miocene to early middle Miocene in age (Andrews, 1987; Sugarman and others, 1993).
Units Below Are Present in the Subsurface Only
Shark River Formation - Clay-silt, calcareous, grayish-olive-green to olive-gray, pale-olive, and moderate-olive-brown; massive to thick-bedded and extensively burrowed. Grades upward into slightly glauconitic quartz sand (informally termed the Upper Shark River Formation; Browning and others, 2011). In the Double Trouble corehole, 14 miles south of Lakewood, the sand was poorly sorted ranging from very fine to coarse sand with granules (Browning and others, 2011). Calcareous microfossils are abundant in lower half of the formation; small, broken mollusk shells are present in upper half (fig. 4). Glauconite, botryoidal, fine to medium, as much as 10 percent in some intervals, is disseminated in a dominantly clay-silt matrix. Glauconite can become the dominant sand component in the lower 10 feet. Clay minerals include illite, illite/smectite, kaolinite, and minor amounts of clinoptilolite.
The Shark River Formation crops out along the Manasquan River valley (approximately 3 miles north of the quadrangle) unconformably below the Kirkwood Formation, but does not crop out in the Lakewood quadrangle. The contact with the underlying Manasquan Formation is unconformable and is placed at the boundary between the lower glauconite sand and pale-olive clay-silt of the Manasquan. It is marked by a sharp positive gamma-ray response on geophysical logs. Maximum thickness 160 feet.
Calcareous nannofossils in core samples from the New Jersey Geological Survey Allaire State Park corehole (Sugarman and others, 1991) 5 miles northeast of Lakewood, and the Double Trouble corehole (Browning and others, 2011) indicate the Shark River is middle Eocene (nannozones NP 14-16).
Manasquan Formation - Clay-silt, dusky-yellow-green to pale-olive and grayish-green, extensively burrowed, massive to thick-bedded, calcareous, grading upward into very fine quartz sand. Cross-bedded laminae of very fine sand occasionally present. Fine glauconite sand is commonly dispersed throughout the dominantly clayey matrix. Clay minerals include illite, illite/smectite, and minor clinoptilolite. At the Double Trouble corehole, porcellanite zones up to 10 feet thick were common (Browning and others, 2011).
The contact with the underlying Vincentown Formation is marked by a sharp positive response of the gamma-ray log. Otherwise the formation, in general, has a neutral response on the gamma-ray log, not reflecting the dominant clay-silt lithology. Maximum thickness 110 feet.
Calcareous nannofossils from the NJGS Allaire State Park corehole indicate that the Manasquan is early Eocene (nannozones NP 10-13; Sugarman and others, 1991).
Vincentown Formation - Clay-silt, massive, slightly micaceous, finely laminated when not burrowed, grayish-olive-green, with thin beds of very fine quartz and glauconite sand. The basal 20 feet of the formation is a massive, slightly quartzose glauconite sand. Maximum thickness 80 feet.
Calcareous nannofossils from wells and borings in the adjacent Farmingdale quadrangle indicate zones NP 5, 6, and 8 (late Paleocene age) in the Vincentown (Sugarman and others, 1991). In the Double Trouble corehole, NP 9 and 10a were also present (Browning and others, 2011).
Hornerstown Formation - Sand, glauconite, clayey, massive-bedded, dusky-yellowish-green to dusky-green and greenish-black where unweathered. Glauconite grains are mainly medium to coarse in size and botryoidal. Contains 1 to 2 percent fine- to very coarse-grained quartz sand, phosphate fragments, pyrite, and lignite. Matrix contains minor glauconite clay. Locally cemented by iron oxides and siderite. Good exposures occur in the Manasquan River valley and its northern tributaries in the Adelphia quadrangle to the northwest of the Lakewood quadrangle.
Calcareous nannofossils from the Allaire State Park “C” well indicate that the Hornerstown falls within zones NP 3 and NP 4, of early Paleocene (early Danian) age (Sugarman and others, 1991), and is a maximum 25 feet thick. Navesink and Red Bank Formations, Undivided - Sand, glauconite, slightly quartzose, clayey, greenish-black. Unconformably overlies the Mount Laurel Formation and underlies the Hornerstown Formation. These contacts are easily distinguished in the subsurface by a sharp positive gamma-ray response.
The Navesink Formation and the Red Bank Formation form an unconformity-bounded, coarsening-upward sedimentary sequence consisting of a basal glauconite sand (Navesink Formation), a middle silt, and an upper quartz sand (Red Bank Formation). In the subsurface the sand pinches out and the silt changes facies to a glauconite sand. Maximum thickness 80 feet.
The nannofossils Nephrolithus frequens and Lithraphidites quadratus indicate the Navesink-Red Bank is Upper Cretaceous in age.
Mount Laurel Formation - Sand, quartz, fine- to coarse-grained, glauconitic (2 to 5 percent), extensively burrowed, slightly micaceous and feldspathic, often interbedded with thin layers of dark clay and silt. Olive-gray to dark-greenish-gray where unweathered. The transition from the underlying Marshalltown-Wenonah to the Mount Laurel is generally marked by an increase in grain size, a decrease in mica (Owens and Sohl, 1969), and the appearance of alternating thin beds of clay and sand in the Mount Laurel (Minard, 1969). Maximum thickness of 70 feet in the quadrangle.
The Mount Laurel is Upper Cretaceous (late Campanian) based on calcareous nannofossils and Sr-isotope age estimates (Miller and others, 2006).
Marshalltown and Wenonah Formations, Undivided - Glauconite sand, greenish-black, extensively burrowed, with fine-grained quartz sand and silt (Marshalltown), grading upward into a thick, very silty, micaceous sand (Wenonah). The Marshalltown-Wenonah is recognized in the subsurface by a small to large gamma spike at the base of the Marshalltown passing into a relatively flat, high-intensity pattern above. Undivided due to the thinness of the Marshalltown Formation (approximately 10 ft) and its lithologic similarity to the lower Wenonah Formation. The lower contact is extensively burrowed; wood and locally coarse sand from the Englishtown are reworked into the basal Marshalltown. Maximum thickness 85 ft.
The Marshalltown has been assigned to the Globotruncana calcarata zone of late Campanian age on the basis of its foraminifera (Olsson, 1964).
Englishtown Formation, Upper - Clay-silt to very fine quartz sand, glauconitic, dark-greenish-gray, micaceous, and lignitic, grading upward into a fine- to coarse-grained sand interbedded with thin, dark-gray, micaceous, woody, clay-silt. The sand is dominantly quartz; less than 10 percent consists of feldspar, rock fragments, and glauconite. Defined on the gamma-ray log by a thick (e.g. 60 feet in well 29-41799, Section B-B’, C-C’), high-intensity clayey unit at its base and a thick (e.g., 60 feet in well 29-41799), low-intensity sand at its top. Equivalent to the Kc2 cycle of Owens and others (1998).
The Upper Englishtown Formation is middle-late Campanian based on nannofossils from a corehole at Sea Girt, 10 miles east of Lakewood (Miller and others, 2006).
Englishtown Formation, Lower - Quartz sand, feldspathic, micaceous and lignitic, fine- to medium-grained, typically cross-bedded, medium-to dark-gray. Recognized on gamma logs as a thin sand layer (40 feet maximum). In southeastern Monmouth and northeastern Ocean counties, the Englishtown Formation has been subdivided into an upper and lower sand facies divided by a clay silt facies (Nichols, 1977; Zapecza, 1989). The clay-silt facies and upper sand facies are shown here as the Upper Englishtown Formation. Contact with the underlying Merchantville-Woodbury Formation is gradational.
Wolfe (1976) assigned an early Campanian age to the Englishtown on the basis of a distinctive assemblage of palynomorphs.
Merchantville-Woodbury Formation, Undivided - Clay-silt, dark grey to olive black, massive to finely laminated with alternating layers of very fine sand and clay-silt (Woodbury Formation). Grades downward into an intercalated, thick-bedded sequence of glauconite sand and silt and micaceous clayey silt (Merchantville Formation). Quartz and glauconite are the major sand components; feldspar, mica (colorless and green), and pyrite are minor constituents. Siderite-cemented layers are common. The formation contains zones of broken calcareous mollusks. Recognized on gamma logs (e.g. 29-41799) as predominantly clay-silt. It also contains very fine sand with mica, and occasional lenses of finely disseminated pyrite, lignite, and siderite.
The Merchantville-Woodbury ranges in age from Santonian to mid-Campanian based on nannofossils (Miller and others, 2006). Maximum thickness 220 feet in the quadrangle.
Magothy Formation - Intercalated quartz sand and clay, thin- to thick-bedded. Sand is light- to medium-gray or brownish-gray; clay is olive-black to grayish-black. Bedding is horizontal (laminated) and cross-stratified. The sand is fine to very coarse, well sorted within each bed, predominantly quartz, and includes minor feldspar and mica. Pyrite-cemented and pyrite-coated sand concretions are common. Carbonaceous material is abundant in beds as much as 0.5 feet thick. An excellent section of the Magothy was cored and described at Sea Girt (Miller and others, 2006). Recognized on gamma logs as a series of thick sands and interbedded clay-silts (e.g. wells 29-30822 and 29-41799).
The Magothy is Upper Cretaceous (Turonian-Santonian age) based on Zone V pollen in the Sea Girt corehole (Miller and others, 2006). Maximum thickness 200 feet in quadrangle.
Raritan Formation - Subdivided into two members: the upper Woodbridge Clay Member and the lower Farrington Sand Member. The Raritan is assigned an age of upper Cenomanian-early Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) based on pollen Zone IV - the Complexiopollis-Atlantopollis zone (Christopher, 1979), and the occurrence of the ammonite Metoicoceras bergquisti (Cobban and Kennedy, 1990).
Raritan Formation, Woodbridge Clay Member - Clay and silt, dark gray, massive, with mica, pyrite, lignite, and siderite. Siderite forms layers 0.25 to 0.50 inch thick. Maximum thickness 160 feet in quadrangle.
Raritan Formation, Farrington Sand Member - Fine- to medium-grained quartz sand (Owens and others, 1998), white, yellow, red, light gray, commonly interbedded with thin gravel beds and thin to thick, dark gray silt beds. Maximum thickness 50 feet in quadrangle.
Potomac Formation, Unit 3 - Clay, thin-to thick-bedded overlying interbedded fine-to- coarse sand and silty clay (e.g. well 29-41799 on cross sections BB’ and CC’). The Potomac Formation, Unit 3 is lowermost Upper Cretaceous (lower Cenomanian; Doyle and Robbins, 1977). Maximum thickness 400 feet in quadrangle.
Potomac Formation, Unit 2 - Interbedded fine-to-coarse sand with sparse gravel, and white or variegated clay (Owens and others, 1998). In the subsurface the Potomac is recognized on gamma logs as thick interbeds of sand and clay (e.g. well 29-41799 on cross-sections BB’ and CC’). Distinguished from Potomac Formation, Unit 3, by older assemblages (uppermost Lower Cretaceous) of angiosperm pollen assigned to Zone II (Doyle and Robbins, 1977). Maximum thickness is greater than 400 feet in quadrangle.
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DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTNEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL AND WATER SURVEY
Prepared in cooperation with theU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
NATIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM
BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LAKEWOOD QUADRANGLEMONMOUTH AND OCEAN COUNTIES, NEW JERSEY
OPEN FILE MAP OFM #121PLATE 2 OF 2
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VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 10X. Note: Well # 33-25051 was projected onto the cross-section from Toms River quadrangle.
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Bedrock Geologic Map of the Lakewood Quadrangle
Monmouth and Ocean Counties, New Jersey
GEOPHYSICAL LOG EXPLANATION
Location ofborehole
NaturalGamma
Log
ResistivityLog
NJ Well Permit Number 29-23518
NJ Well Permit Number 29-05496
Increasing gamma activity to right
Increasing resistivity to right
Potomac Formation, Unit 3
Magothy Formation
Merchantville-Woodbury Formations(Undivided)
Lower Englishtown Formation
Marshalltown-Wenonah Formations(Undivided)
Mount Laurel Formation
Navesink-Red Bank Formations (Undivided)
Hornerstown Formmation
Vincentown Formation
CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS
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Raritan Formation Farrington Sand Member
Raritan FormationWoodbridge Clay Member
Shown in subsurface only
Manasquan Formation
Shark River Formation
Kirkwood Formation
Cohansey Formation
Eoce
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Upper Englishtown Formation
Potomac Formation, Unit 2
UNCONFORMITY
UNCONFORMITY
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UNCONFORMITY
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njgeology.org
by Peter J. Sugarman, Alexandra Carone, Nicole L. Malerba, and Scott Lyons
2018
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NEW
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GEOLOGICAL AND W
ATER SURVEY
