ASIA AND PACIFIC COMMISSION ON AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS

TWENTY-SIXTH SESSIONThimphu, Bhutan, 15-19 February 2016

Agenda Item 6.3System of Integrated Livestock Survey for Data Collection in India

Contributed by: Alekh Kumar SahuLivestock Consultant, FAOakasahu65@gmail.com

APCAS/16/6.3.6

SystemofIntegratedLivestockSurveyforDataCollectioninIndia

Outline� ImportanceofLivestockinIndia

� Scopeandcoverageoflivestock� ClassificationoflivestockaccordingtoFAOguidelines� MajoractivitiesrelatedtoLivestockandPoultryproduction

� MajorStatisticalOperations� LivestockCensus� IntegratedSampleSurvey(ISS)forLivestockProduction.� SurveyonEstimationofFeedandFodder.

� Conclusion

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WhyLivestockRearingisimportantinIndia?

� ProvidessupplementaryincometofamiliesdependantonAgriculture.

� Providesnutritioninformofmilk,eggs,meattohumanpopulation.

� QualityorganicmanureforAgriculturalpurposes(dung&urine)� Helpsinexigencieslikedroughtandothernaturalcalamities.� Sinceownershipoflivestockisdistributedpredominatelyamongtheruralarea,developmentinthissectordirectlylinkedtobalanceddevelopmentofruraleconomy

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Scope&CoverageofLivestockinIndia

� Livestocksectorcontributesabout6.8%toIndia’sGDPandemploys8%ofthetotalworkforce.

� LivestockStatisticsplaysavitalroleindeterminingthefollowing� EnhancementofproductionofLivestockProducts&profitabilityfromthem

� Controlofanimaldiseases� CreatingnetworksforProcessingandMarketingfacilities� Formulationpoliciesfordevelopmentofthissector

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ClassificationofLivestockinIndiaasperFAOguidelines

MainCategories Sub-Category

Cattle A.Calvesandyoungstockunder 1yearofageB.Young stock,1yearofageandunder 2yearsC.Cattle,2yearsofageandover

a)Femalesi)Cows - mainlyformilkproductionii)Heifers(including incalf)

b)Males- mainlyformeatproduction (including spent) and forWorkandBreeding, separately

Buffalo A.Buffaloes under 3yearsofageB.Buffaloes, 3yearsof ageandoverBuffalo cows - mainlyformilkproduction

Sheep A.Lambs under 1yearofageB.Sheep, 1yearofageandoverFemales- intended for breeding- intendedfor slaughter

MaleGoats A.Goatsunder1yearofageB.Goats, 1yearofageandover- Females

Pigs(individually forCrossbred/Exotic&Indigenous)

A.Youngpigs,lessthan 50kgB.Pigsfor breeding,50 kgandover- Gilts- giltsinpig- Sows- sowsinpigC.Pigsfor fattening,50kgandovera)50kgandlessthan80b) 80kgandover

Horses A.Horsesfor agriculturalproduction oruseB.Other horses

Chickens A.Chickens forbreeding andeggproduction - Layinghensand pulletsB.Chickens formeatproduction (slaughter) - Broilers- Other(capons, etc.)C.Other chickens (multi-purpose mixed stock) - Layinghens andpullets

Others Ducks, Turkeys,Geese,GuineaFowl,Rabbits,Beehive, Camels,Mules,Asses

CompileandclassifythedatacollectedinLivestockCensusalmostasperFAOguidelinewiththecountrysituationsuitablyintegratedtherein.

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ActivitiesassociatedwithLivestock&PoultryProduction

Activity Components PRODUCTS

Main By-products Subsidiary Processed

Dairying Cow LiquidMilk Dung&Urine Calf Curd,Ghee,Paneer,etc.Buffalo LiquidMilk Dung&Urine Calf Curd, Ghee,Khoya,etc.

Crop+DairyAnimal

Wheat/Rice/Both Grain Straw --Cow/Buffalo LiquidMilk Dung&Urine Calf Curd, Ghee,Khoya,Paneer

Mutton&Wool

Sheep FattenedLamb&Wool

Dropping&Urine Lamb Woolen Products

Dairying+Meat

Goat FattenedCastrate&Milk

Droppings&Urine Goatformeat (Mostlymarketed asintactanimal&LiquidMilk)

Poultry(Backyard)

Chicken Eggs Droppings -- (Eggsaremarketed)Chicken&Broiler Eggs&Chicken

MeatDroppings&feathers

(Dressedbroiler-ready tocook,processedfeathersforcottageindustry)

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MajorStatisticalOperations� MinistryofAgricultureandFarmersWelfare,conductstwomajorStatisticalOperationsrelatedtoLivestockStatisticsinIndia.

� Forthesesurveys,supportisprovidedbytheMinistry,whileimplementationiscarriedbyStateinFederalstructure.� LivestockCensus

� Conductedonaquinquennialbasissince1919� Latestcensusisthe19th CensusconductedinOct.2012

� IntegratedSampleSurvey*� IntroducedtoaugmentLivestockcensusasafull-fledgedschemesince1976� WorkedoutonSeasonalbasisandreportedAnnually

� OtherSurveys:� SurveyforEstimationoffodderproduction

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LivestockCensus:Background� Coverage

� Livestockcensuscoverstheentirenationinalmost648districtsandnearly660thousandvillagesand64thousandurbanwardsacrossthecountry

� CensusconductedwiththefollowingschedulesSchedule Description

1– House-listofhouseholds,enterprises&institutions Recoding listofhouseholds,etc.underenumeration.

2- Village/Wardprofiles Basedonschedule1&schedule 3

3– Household,Enterprise &Institutionschedule Furtherdividedintothreeparts1. Livestock2. Poultry3. NumberofEquipmentUsed

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LivestockCensus2012:Objectives andtargets� To provide information on livestock population, categorywise along with age, sex-composition etc. up to village levelin rural areas and town level in urban areas.

� Animals and Poultry birds owned by the households,household enterprises, non-household enterprises andinstitutions were counted at their site.

� 100% scrutiny of the schedules.

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DADF

StateNodalOfficers

DistrictNodalOfficers

Supervisors

Enumerators

NICforLC

19thLivestockCensus:Implementation

• 100%Centralassistance toStates/UTs• About171housand enumeratorsand28472supervisorswere

engaged forLC.• ForBreedSurveyPara-vets/Veterinaryservices practitionerswere

engagedforEnumeration• StateNodalOfficers- Nodalofficerwasdesignated astheLivestock

CensusAuthority,whowastheoverallin-chargeofsupervisingtheconductoftheCensusandBreedSurvey,itsscrutinyandvalidation.

• NIC: forsoftwaredevelopment, Dataentryandreportgeneration.

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IntegratedSampleSurvey(ISS):Overview

� Livestockproductsdataisestimatedthrough“IntegratedSampleSurvey”

� ISShelpsStateAnimalHusbandryDepartmentstoassesstheimpactofthegovt.effortstowards� Increaseproduction.� Geneticupgradation.� DiseaseControl� Feed&foddermanagement

� ISShelpsinpredictingGDPfromthissector

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ISS :ParametersEstimated/AncillarydataCollected� Population (number) of livestock in terms of breed, sex, agecomposition.

� Yield rates of milk, eggs, wool and meat in 3 Seasons.� Anciliary data

� Conversionofmilkintomilkproducts� Utilizationofdungconverted intodungcakes,manure,andotherpurposes

� Causesofincrease/decline ofanimalpopulation� Feedingpracticesofthecattle/buffalo.

� Howtheyarefed?Stall-fedorgrazedetc.� Whattypeoffodder/feed?Green/Dry/concentratesetc.

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MethodologyofIntegratedSampleSurvey(ISS):Coverage� ISScoversentireRuralandurbanareas

� Conductedinsamplevillages/urbanwards.� UndertakenfromMarchtoFebruary,dividedinto3seasons

� Givesprogressiveestimateswhiletakingcareofseason-variability� Eachseasonisfurtherdividedinto4rounds(ormonths).

Season Period Duration

Summer March1– June30 122daysRainy July1– October31 123daysWinter November 1– February28(29) 120(121)days

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MethodologyofIntegratedSampleSurvey(ISS):Design� Stratified3stagedesignwithdistrictasstratum

Village/WardFirstStageUnits

SecondStageUnitsHousehold

Animals Third StageUnits

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ISS:SampleSelectionofFirstStageUnits

DistrictstakenasStratum

15%villages(5%ineachseason)selected

Villages areallocatedto

differentstratabasedonpopulation

2samplesof5villages(4villages+1urbanward)areselectedfordistrictYIELDESTIMATION

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ISS:SampleSelectionforSecondStageUnits

• 1clusterfortwohouseholdeachfor

• Cattles• Exotic• Cross-bred• Indigenous• Non-descript

• Buffaloes• Indigenous• Non-descript• (12Household)

Milk2clustersof

5householdseachround

Eggs8

householdsfixedfor

everyroundWool

• Allhouseholds• Allbutcher shops• Allcommercialpoultryfarms

• Allslaughterhouses

Meat

Note:Therecordingofwoolyieldwillbedoneintheshearingseasonintheselectedvillagesfromthesampleof5/8householdshavingsheep.

• SampleSelectionforSecondunitsaredonewithequalprobabilityandwithoutreplacementforestimationofYield rate.

1st – 4th Round

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ISS:SampleSelectionfortheThirdStageUnits

TwoAnimalsinmilkfromeachhhd.Exotic,

Crossbred,indigenous,Nondescript .Cattle andindigenous&nondescriptBuffaloes,24

animal intotal

Allthelayingbirdsfrom10households

Tworams/twowhether,twoewes,

twolambs

Allanimalsslaughteredineachhousehold/shop.Administrativereturnsforall

commercialpoultryfarms,recognizedSlaughterhouses.

MILK EGGS WOOL MEAT

Animals:

Product:

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ISSResultsovertheyears

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

PerC

apitaAvailability(gms/day)

Prod

uction

(Milliontonn

es)

Year

MilkProduction

Production (MillionTonnes) PerCapitaAvailibilty(gms/day)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

PerC

apitaAvailability(nos/ann

um)

Prod

uction

(inMillions)

Year

EggProduction

EggsProduction (million nos.) PerCapitaAvailability(nos/annum)

SurveyforEstimationoffodderproduction

� PilotattemptmadebyGOIusingthefollowingstatisticaloperations.� ExistingAreaestimationschemeisusedtoestimateofcropresiduewhichisusedasfodder

� GeneralCropEstimationSurvey� Providesestimationofcropresidueorfodderinthefollowingcategories

� GreenFodder� DryFodder

� EstimateofCropresidueusingcropcuttingexperimentsinin5x5msquare/equilateraltriangle/circleconvertedintoQty./perhector.

� QuantityofFoddergreenanddryproducedaretheproductoftheabovetwoestimates.

� Concentratesandotheranimalfeedhastobecollectedfromfactoriesoutlettherebygivingtotalavailabilityfeedandfodderonannualbasis.

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Conclusion� ContributionofLivestocksectorinhumanfoodchainbothdirectandindirectissignificant:� directintermofprovidingprotectiveproteinslikeMilk,Egg,Meatanditsbyproducts

� indirectcontributionintermsofsupplyofdraughtpowerforvariousagriculturaloperations&fornutritionalenrichmentandconditioningofarableland.

� Itisquiteessentialtomaintainupdatedinformationonlivestock,livestockproducts,growthpattern,nationaldemand&supply,import/exportdataforframingsuitablepolicyfortheoveralldevelopmentofthissector.

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References

� http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/Manual%20on%20Animal%20Husbandry%20Statistics.pdf

� InstructionManualforIntegratedSampleSurvey,providedbyAHSDivision,DADF,MinistryofAgriculture,GOI

� http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/resources/en/publications/sector_briefs/lsb_IND.pdf

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THANKYOU

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BACKUP

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ISSEstimationExampleEstimationforNumberofMilkAnimal

ColumnNumber

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