Syllabus - Critical Question 4

Big Heading: Critical Question 4: What actions are needed to address Australia's Health Priorities?

- WHO, 2010

Heading: Health Promotion based on the Ottawa Charter

1. Developing personal skills2. Create supportive environment3. Strengthen community action4. Reorient health services5. Build healthy public policy

Acronyms: Dead Cats Smell Really Bad or DR BCS (Order does not matter)

Sub: Developing Personal SkillsEnabling or empowering people to develop life skills that will assist them in preventing or treating diseases.

Examples• Health education in schools• Media campaigns encouraging healthy life choices• Physical Activity and nutrition guidelines• English speaking courses for new immigrants• Anti-smoking programs• Developing Health literacy skills

Sub: Creating Supportive EnvironmentsAll about creating surroundings that make it easier to make healthy choices.

Examples• Child care centres in workplaces• Needle exchange programs• Gradual elimination of lead from petrol• Setting targets for reducing carbon dioxide levels (Carbon tax)• On the road - Speed humps, speed limits, school zones etc• At school - healthy canteens, student welfare programs• On the sporting field - modified rules, protective equipment, • In your home - smoke alarms, electricity cut off switches

Sub: Strengthening Community ActionGetting communities together and involved. Communities then feel more ownership and control over their own endeavours and destinies. Examples:• Self help groups - Alcoholyics Anonymous• Lions club driver reviver stations• Community Events - 'City to Surf' or 'Bay to Bay'• Clean up Australia Day• Drop in centres for young people• Lobbying groups - changing speed limits, adding walking paths etc

Sub: Reorienting Health ServicesChanging the direction of our health services. Focus more on prevention than cures. They need to specific to the needs of the population.

Examples:• Increased government funding for health promotion• Cholesterol and Blood pressure checks in shopping centres• Courtesy buses for pubs/clubs• Doctors working with child care centres to promote immunisations• Police working in schools to address drink driving and crime

Sub: Building Healthy Public PolicyLegislation, laws, regulations, etc to prevent unhealthy behaviour

Examples:• Restrictions to advertising cigarettes• Smoke free workplaces and public buildings• Age restrictions for drinking alcohol• Compulsory Swimming pool fencing• Earlier closing times for pubs and clubs

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Sub: Levels of Responsibility

The function of health promotion is to empower individuals to take control of their health; clearly, therefore, an element of responsibility lies with Individuals as they make decisions about their behaviours.

However, it is widely acknowledged that there are many determinants that can have a significant impact on health, and on health-related decisions, so Communities, NGO's and Governments also have a role to play in creating an environment where good health is supported.

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Sub: The benefits of partnerships in health promotionThe chance of successful health promotion is greatly increased when all levels of Govt, NGO's, Communities and Individuals work together. There are also further benefits:• Sharing of resources, knowledge and expertise• More sustainable and less duplication• Addressing issues for a number of directions means that

multiple contributing factors are more likely addressed• Individuals and Communities gain a sense of control

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Sub: How health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter promotes Social Justice

The principles of social justice are equity, diversityand supportive environments, and are at the coreof effective health promotion.

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Sub: The Ottawa Charter in Action Health action based on the Ottawa Charter is likely to bring about positive health outcomes because it addresses health issues from a variety of angles, and includes all levels of government and society.

The Health Promotions we are studying are:1. National Tobacco Strategy2. Close the Gap3. Road Safety Strategy

Sub: Closing the Gap

Sub: National Tobacco Strategy

Sub: Road Safety

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