Suzanne Barron 3/11/14. Chronic kidney failure, also known as chronic renal failure, chronic renal disease, or chronic kidney disease, is a slow progressive
Chronic kidney failure, also known as chronic renal failure,
chronic renal disease, or chronic kidney disease, is a slow
progressive loss of kidney function over a period of several years.
Eventually the patient has permanent kidney failure. Chronic kidney
failure is much more common than people realize, and often goes
undetected and undiagnosed until the disease is well advanced and
kidney failure is fairly imminent. It is not unusual for people to
realize they have chronic kidney failure only when their kidney
function is down to 25% of normal.
Slide 4
As kidney failure advances and the organ's function is
seriously impaired, dangerous levels of waste and fluid can rapidly
build up in the body. Treatment is aimed at stopping or slowing
down the progression of the disease - this is usually done by
controlling its underlying cause. If chronic kidney failure
progresses to end-stage kidney disease, the patient will not
survive without dialysis (artificial filtering) or a kidney
transplant.
Slide 5
Slide 6
Too much protein can cause nausea, vomiting, and more damage to
the kidneys. Usually, protein is limited with renal failure. A
low-protein diet reduces the end products of protein metabolism
that the kidneys can no longer get rid of. However, protein may be
increased once you start hemodialysis. Your doctor will tell you
how many grams of protein you can have each day. (80 grams is a
common daily limit for people on hemodialysis.) The protein should
come from foods that contain all of the essential amino acids to
prevent the breakdown of body protein (muscle). These foods include
eggs, milk, poultry and meat. A high calorie diet will also help
prevent the breakdown of body protein.
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1 ounce cooked meat, fish, poultry = 7 g 1 large egg= 7 g 1/2
cup cooked dried beans, peas, lentils= 8 g 1/2 cup tofu= 7 g 2
tablespoons peanut butter= 7 g 1 cup milk, soy milk, or yogurt= 8 g
1/2 cup pudding or custard= 4 g 1 slice or 1 inch cubed cheese= 7 g
1/2 cup cottage cheese or ricotta cheese= 7 g 2 tablespoons
Parmesan cheese= 7 g Vegetables, grains, meats, fish, poultry, and
legumes (beans and peas) have protein. Most of the protein you eat
should come from meats, fish, poultry (chicken) and legumes (beans
and peas).
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Sodium makes us thirsty and want to drink more. As we drink
more fluids, we retain fluid and our blood pressure goes up which
puts a strain on our kidneys and heart. Avoiding foods high in salt
and sodium helps control fluid. You may eat 2000 mg (2 grams) of
sodium per day. 1 TEASPOON OF SALT EQUALS 2 G OF SODIUM WHICH IS
EQUAL TO YOUR SODIUM ALLOWANCE FOR THE DAY. Salt substitute: does
not contain sodium but is usually made from potassium; talk with
your doctor before using a salt substitute.
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Processed meats Pork products (ham, bacon, sausage) Salty
snacks (chips, pretzels, nuts) Pickled foods Butter, garlic salt,
seasoned salt Barbecue sauce, soy sauce, ketchup, mustard Processed
cheeses Limit sodium to 2000 mg each day
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ApricotsHoneydew MelonYogurtTofu Avocado MilkPrunesTomato Juice
Banana MolassesPumpkinsSalmon Bran Cereal Potatoes/Sweet
PotatoesRaisinsTomatoes Buttermilk FigsSalt SubstitutesVegetable
Juice Chard OrangesSpinachWatermelon Dried
Beans/PeasPapayaSunflower SeedsWinter Squash Potassium helps
muscles including the heart muscles to contract and relax. Too much
potassium in your blood can cause hyperkalemia and emergency
treatment should be started. Unless your doctor tells you
otherwise, limit potassium to 2000 mg each day.
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Most foods have phosphorus in them. Too much phosphorus can
cause calcium to come out of bones, making bones brittle and easier
to fracture or break. Most people with kidney failure should limit
phosphorus to 800-900 mg a day. Baking powderCheese (except cottage
cheese) Dried peasOrgan meats (brain and liver)
BeerChocolateEggsNuts, peanuts, and peanut butter Gran cerealsDark
cola beveragesFishPoultry Dreads raised with baking powder Caramel
Dried beansMilk and milk products Whole grains, whole wheat
bread
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Breakfast DAY 1DAY 2 PROTEIN EggCanadian bacon STARCH
BagelCinnamon toast, jelly FRUIT StrawberriesFruit Cocktail FAT
Cream cheeseMargarine DRINK/FAT Coffee w/nondairy creamer
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Lunch DAY 1DAY 2 PROTEIN Tuna Salad made with EggsBeef patty
STARCH BreadHamburger bun VEGETABLE CeleryLettuce, onions FRUIT
PearPineapple FAT Mayonnaise SWEET CookiesApple Pie DRINK
TeaLemonade
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Dinner DAY 1DAY 2 PROTEIN Fried chickenGrilled Fish STARCH
CornbreadYeast Roll VEGETABLE Squash (yellow), Green Beans Grilled
Asparagus and Corn on the Cob FRUIT StrawberriesBlueberries FAT
Margarine SWEET Pound cakeCheesecake DRINK Tea
Slide 15
References Roth, R. (2011). Nutrition & diet therapy. (10th
ed.). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar. Schmidler, C. (2012). Renal diet
for people with kidney failure or disease. Retrieved from
http://www.healthpages.org/self-
care/renal-diet/http://www.healthpages.org/self-
