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Michael O’Keefe Big Ladder Software [email protected] Sustainable Communities: Modeling Energy, Water, and Waste at Scale Sustainability Session Friday, April 28, 2017 2:30 PM – 3:25 PM 2017 Rocky Mountain Chapter ASHRAE Technical Conference 1

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Michael O’KeefeBig Ladder Software

[email protected]

Sustainable Communities: Modeling Energy, Water, and

Waste at Scale

Sustainability Session

Friday, April 28, 20172:30 PM – 3:25 PM

2017 Rocky Mountain Chapter ASHRAE Technical Conference

1

Key Points

Modeling highlights better pathways you would otherwise never knew existed

2

Community-scale planning requires modeling

Community-Scale

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BACKGROUND

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Context for this talk:

Long term planning for a single organization that owns and operates multiple buildings over a significant time horizon.

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6

Construction nears completion on Grafenwoehr barrackssource: US Army Corps of Engineers, Europe District

• EPAct 2005

– 30% site energy vs. ASHRAE 90.1-2004

• EISA 2007

– By 2010: 55% source energy

– By 2020: 80% source energy

– By 2030: net zero!

Federal Energy Requirements

7

source: https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-energy-policy-actsource: https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-energy-independence-and-security-act

• US Army Corps of Engineers

• 2011 –

• Army bases and installations

– 10,000 – 50,000 residents

– Sparse building density

– Standardized building designs

Army Needs Net Zero Planner

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Where We Come In...

• Part of Net Zero Planner (NZP) development team

• Created parameterized energy models for NZP

• CRADA Partner to commercialize NZP

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Why?simulate community-scale system?

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Why?simulate community-scale system?

“Cost” of getting things “wrong” is high.

Focus: informing decisions

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• Overview of the tool/workflow for NZP

• Highlight: decision making

Talk Outline

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Tool / Workflow

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1. EstablishPlanning Goals

2. Establish Baseline, Base Case, and

Other Alternatives

3. Optimize Supply and Distribution

System Mix

iterate over building measures, optimize energy efficiency

4. ProduceMulti-Year

Plan

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1. EstablishPlanning Goals

2. Establish Baseline,Base Case, and Other

Alternatives

3. Optimize Supply and Distribution

System Mix

4. ProduceMulti-Year

Plan

iterate over building measures, optimize energy efficiency

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Baseline: Snapshot of current energy use situation

Base Case: Future reference point for “business as usual”

Better Case, Best Case, Better Case + Co-Generation, etc.

Alternatives

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Ne

t P

rese

nt

Co

st

Fossil Fuel Reduction, %

0% 100%

1

2

3

4

5

reduce the loads (+EEMs)

add generation

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Ne

t P

rese

nt

Co

st

Fossil Fuel Reduction, %

0% 100%

1

2

3

4

5

reduce the loads (+EEMs)

add generation

base case

better case

best case

best case + solar,etc.

19

Ne

t P

rese

nt

Co

st

Fossil Fuel Reduction, %

0% 100%

1

2

3

4

5

add generation

Where you target dependson where you want to go

(i.e. Goals)

reduce the loads (+EEMs)

ExampleArmy Base

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Prototype Models

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Prototype Models: Commercial

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Prototype Models: Army

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Prototype Models: Residential

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Building SimulationProcess

actual buildings

building types& groups

EEM1 EEM2 EEM3 EEMN...combinations ofenergy efficiencymeasures (EEMS)

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Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

Support

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Summary

• Good planning at community scale challenging

• Modeling is critical

Philosophy: bring data to clients, not opinions

Purpose: help make planning decisions

Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the generous support and collaboration of:

• Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, US Army Corps of Engineers

– Michael Case

– Richard Liesen

– Alexander Zhivov

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Bibliography

• Ellis, Peter. “A Parametric Tool for Community-Scale Modeling.” ASHRAE and IBPSA-USA SimBuild 2016: Building Performance Modeling Conference, August 10-12. Salt Lake City, UT.

• Case, Michael, Richard Liesen, Alexander Zhivov, Matthew Swanson, and James Stinson. 2014. “NY-14-011 – A Computational Framework for Low Energy Community Analysis and Optimization.” ASHRAE Transactions 120 (1).

• Liesen, Richard, Peter Ellis, Alexander Zhivov, and Dale Herron. 2012. “CH-12-008 – Extremely Low Energy Design for Army Buildings: Barracks.” ASHRAE Transactions 118 (1).

• Marston, Annie, Peter Garforth, Gerd Fleichammer, and Oliver Baumann. 2014. “Urban Scale Modelling – How Generalised Models Can Help Communities Halve Their Energy Use in 30 Years.” Proceedings of the 2014 ASHRAE/IBPSA-USA Building Simulation Conference, Atlanta, GA, September 10-12, 2014.

• Reinhart, C., and C. Davila. 2016. “Urban Building Energy Modeling – A Review of a Nascent Field.” Building and Environment 97.

• Reinhart, C., T. Dogan, J. Jakubiec, T. Rakha, and A. Sang. 2013. “UMI – An Urban Simulation Environment for Building Energy Use, Daylighting and Walkability.” Proceedings of Building Simulation 2013: Chambery, France.

• Robinson, D., F. Haldi, J. Kämpf, P. Leroux, D. Perez, A. Rasheed, and U. Wilke. 2009. “CITYSIM: Comprehensive Micro-Simulation of Resource Flows for Sustainable Urban Planning.” 11th International IBPSA Conference, Glasgow, Scot- land, July 27-28, 2009.

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Michael O’Keefe

[email protected]

Questions?

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