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Summing Up/Looking Ahead. Exam Foci. Theories Models Actors/relationships Issues/debates/tensions Trajectories. Looking Back Pre-Midterm. Forces of globalization Types of globalization Rel’ts. between globalization, media and development: WST, ECT, Rostow’s economic growth model - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Summing Up/Looking Ahead
Exam Foci Theories Models Actors/relationships Issues/debates/tensions Trajectories
Looking Back Pre-Midterm Forces of globalization Types of globalization Rel’ts. between globalization, media
and development: WST, ECT, Rostow’s economic growth model
International actors (IGOs, NGOs, MNCs & TNMCs, etc.)
NWICO
Forces of Globalization Cultural Social Technological Religious
Economic Environmental Political Physical
Types of globalizationType 1 Thick GlobalizationHi extensity, hi intensity, hi velocity, hi impact.Type 2 Diffused GlobalizationHi extensity, hi intensity, hi velocity, low
impactType 3 Expansive GlobalizationHi extensity, low intensity, low velocity, hi
impact.Type 4 Thin GlobalizationHi extensity, low intensity, low velocity, low
impact
Looking Back (Pre-Midterm cont.) Globalization & ICT/Media
industries Int’l news production Broadcast & Satellite TV industry Cable TV industry Music industry Advertising & Public relations industry
In view of all you’ve learned in this course… Which type of globalization best
characterizes the ICT/media industry worldwide today? Why?
How would you represent the causal relationships between the 8 factors of globalization today? Why?
Summing Up Post-Midterm Characteristics of global economics
Global communication governance/policy Key actors Policy issues Policy agendas/perspectives
Core zone vs. other zones Neoliberal vs. humanitarian
Summing Up Post-Midterm (cont.)ICTs in developing countries
Challenges in ICT diffusion (ICTD) Challenges in studying ICTD Tenets of the SRS framework Contributions of the strategic
restructuring framework Dimensions of the global digital divide Key findings: Similarities and differences
between ICTD in developing countries Characteristics & significance of WSIS
Recent Trends Increasing integration of computer-based
media into traditional media sectors Increasing intra- and inter-media sector
mergers vertical integration Increasing global reach of core-based
ICT/media industries Increasing liberalization of media policies
around the world
Looking Ahead
Core zone: ~23 nations Semi-peripheral: ~50Peripheral: ~150 “economic losers in the info revolution” -Gher
Future Trends
ICT/Media industries increasingly foundational in core zone and across zones
Impacts & interactions of ICT/Media industries with other factors/forces of globalization and on other spheres of human life (Castells)
ICT/Media Industries Across Zones Media/ICT industries will continue to be a
concern for policymakers In view of 9/11/01, US govt will continue to
be more involved in international comm policymaking
Successful media industries (domestically & internationally) will continue to be vital to int’l trade
Some current core nations may slip into semi-peripheral zone if they can’t maintain their media/ICT industries (eg. CA, AU, NZ)
ICT/Media Industries Across Zones (cont.) Core-based media firms will continue
to seek opportunities in semi-peripheral nations
Semi-peripheral nations will be increasingly pressured to adopt Western/core media practices & norms
Further deregulation & privatization in semi-peripheral & peripheral zones
ICT/Media Industries Across Zones (cont.) Globalized ICT/Media industries
have become dispersed throughout core-zone nations and some semi-peripheral nations
A generational culture gap will continue to grow– fed by music, film, ads & Web
Impacts of ICT/Media trends on other spheres Diminishing national sovereignty &
autonomy “post-sovereignty era” Increasing challenge to make and
enforce international ICT/media policies Increasing importance and authority for:
Intergovernmental organizations (eg. UN) Multi-actor int’l organizations (e.g. ITU) Transnational regional organizations (e.g.
NAFTA, ASEAN)
Impacts of ICT/Media trends on other spheres (cont.) Resurgence of nationalism and
localism
Search for mechanisms for protecting & reinforcing indigenous cultures/groups
Looking Ahead: ICTs in Core-zone Nations Accelerating rate of innovation &
change; unanticipated consequences
Computer-based technologies reshaping but not replacing media industries
“Massification” of advanced information services
Looking Ahead: ICTs in Core-zone Nations (cont.) Development of an advanced
electronic information network
Expansion of personal electronic media as the new mass media
Looking Ahead: ICTs in Core-zone Nations (cont.)Media transformations are altering
core-zone societies: How we see ourselves individually &
collectively What we consider important Where we get info for daily decisions
& activities Social cohesion
3 Critical Questions (Gher)1. Is humanity better off as a result of
the international changes in the ICT/media industries and global communication?
2. Who are the winners & losers?3. What are the urgent concerns that
governments/NGOs/ICT industry leaders should address immediately?
Wilson’s Conclusion“The sequential ICT innovations of contending elites
around the world that create the information revolution can be best accelerated through national and international support to build up the emerging ICT networks and “netstitutions” that link government, private, and nonprofit institutions.” (p. 404)
“People everywhere understand there are trade-offs to be made and want to know enough about ICTs to make those judgments for themselves… (They) can truly widen their choices– if they are able to mobilize the vision, political will, and human capacities necessary to achieve greater freedom and the good life in our globalizing world.” (p. 405)
Castells’ Conclusion“There is nothing that cannot be changed by
conscious, purposive social action, provided with information, and supported by legitimacy.
If people are informed, active, and communicate throughout the world; (…)
If business assumes its social responsibility; If political actors react against cynicism, and
restore belief in democracy; If culture is reconstructed from experience; (…) If all this is made possible by our informed,
conscious, shared decision, while there is still time, maybe then, we may, at last, be able to live and let live, love and be loved.” (p. 360)