SUMMARY FINDINGS - DOSM · SUMMARY FINDINGS PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012 3. Employment In 2011, the petroleum and natural gas mining

13

SUMMARY FINDINGS

PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS

2012

Variables 2010 2011 Annual growth rate

%

Gross output (RM billion) 98.1 109.2 11.3

Intermediate input (RM billion) 11.1 16.1 45.1

Value added (RM billion) 87.0 93.1 7.0

Total persons engaged (number) 12,919 13,304 3.0

Salaries & wages (RM billion) 2.5 2.8 11.9

Value of fixed assets (RM billion) 141.2 146.5 3.8

Table 1 : Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2010 and 2011

1. Introduction

This publication presents data on the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for reference year

2011, based on the Annual Census of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Mining Industry conducted in

2012. Secondary data obtained from Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) are also presented in

this publication.

2. Overall performance

The share of the petroleum and natural gas mining industry to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in

2011, was 8.7 per cent (at constant 2005 prices), while the comparative figure in 2010 was

9.7 per cent. The performance of the petroleum and natural gas mining industry in Malaysia for

reference year 2011 as compared to 2010 which was obtained from the Census is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 showed the total value of gross output in 2011 was RM109.2 billion, an increase of

RM11.1 billion or 11.3 per cent from RM98.1 billion in 2010. The value of gross output is valued at

ex-well unit price. The value of intermediate input also recorded an increase of 45.1 per cent in

2011. Thus, value added, which is the difference between value of gross output and intermediate

input, increased by RM6.1 billion or 7.0 per cent. Total employment registered an increase of

385 employees or 3.0 per cent to record 13,304 as compared to 12,919 employees in 2010.

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

3. Employment

In 2011, the petroleum and natural gas mining industry recorded a total of 13,304 employees. The

distribution of full-time employees by category of workers and salaries & wages paid is shown in

Table 2. The largest category of workers is managerial and professional accounted for 57.8 per cent

(7,696 persons) of all employees in the reference year. They received the highest salaries & wages

at RM2.2 billion, or 77.4 per cent from the total salaries & wages paid. Meanwhile, 24.7 per cent or

3,282 were employed as technical and supervisory workers and 7.2 per cent or 958 were

clerical and related occupations.

Table 2 : Number of employees by category of workers, 2011

Category of workers

Employees Salaries & wages Average

annual salary

received per

employee

(RM) Number % (RM ’000) %

a. Managerial and professional

b. Technical and supervisory

c. Clerical and related occupations

d. General workers

e. Production/ operative workers directly employed

f. Production/ operative workers employed

through labour contractors

7,696

3,282

958

327

621

420

57.8

24.7

7.2

2.5

4.7

3.2

2,177,155

383,171

59,026

16,055

142,454

33,756

77.4

13.6

2.1

0.6

5.1

1.2

282,889

116,749

61,614

49,098

229,394

80,371

Total 13,304 100.0 2,811,577 100.0 211,333

The managerial and professional category also recorded the highest average annual salary of

RM282,889 followed by production/ operative workers directly employed (RM229,394), technical and

supervisory (RM116,749), and production/ operative workers employed through labour contractors

(RM80,371), as shown in Table 2.

The value of fixed assets owned in 2011 rose to RM146.5 billion, an increase of 3.8 per cent

compared to RM141.2 billion reported in the previous year. The largest capital expenditure incurred

was machinery and equipment, representing 46.6 per cent of total capital expenditure in the reference

year.

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

Nu

mb

er

of

pe

rso

ns

(%

)

Gender Post-graduate

University degree/

equivalent

Diploma / equivalent

STPM / equivalent

SPM / equivalent Total

Below SPM/SPMV

Male 682 4,734 1,608 1,335 1,515 10,046 172

Female 197 1,842 588 227 379 3,258 25

An analysis of employment by academic qualification as shown in Chart 1 indicates that the largest

group of employees were a university degree holders or equivalent with 49.4 per cent, followed by

diploma or equivalent, 16.5 per cent and SPM or equivalent, 14.2 percent. In terms of employment by

gender, male employees were significantly dominant constituting 75.5 per cent (10,046 persons) of

total employment while the remaining 24.5 per cent (3,258 employees) were females. Males

employees also dominated the industry at every level of qualifications (Chart 1) .

As shown above, male employees with university degree or equivalent were the highest, accounted

for 72.0 per cent (4,734 persons) as compared with 28.0 per cent (1,842 persons) of female

employees.

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

Barr

el (m

illio

n)

Source : PETRONAS

MMSCF: Million Standard Cubic Feet

Year

Product

2009

2010

2011

Annual percentage change

Crude oil (million barrel) 240 233 207 (3.1) (10.7)

Natural gas (MMSCF) 2,119 2,159

2,165 1.9 0.3

2010 2011

MM

SC

F

4. Production of crude oil, condensate and natural gas

The performance of production of crude oil and natural gas for the period 2001 to 2011 is shown in

Chart 2. Production of crude oil peaked to 279 million barrels in 2004 and dropped to

257 (-8.0 per cent) and 243 (-5.2 per cent) million barrels in 2005 and 2006 respectively. However,

in 2007 and 2008, production of crude oil increased by 2.4 and 1.1 per cent respectively. In 2009, it

decreased by 4.5 per cent from 252 million barrels in 2008. In 2010 and 2011, it continued to

decline by 3.1 per cent and 10.7 per cent respectively as compared to the previous year. On the

other hand, production of natural gas shows a positive upward trend since 2001 and peaked in

2008. However, in 2009 it decreased by 1.7 per cent and subsequently rose by 1.9 per cent in 2010

to record a production of 2,159 million standard cubic feet (MMSCF). In 2011, it continued to

increase by 0.3 per cent to record 2,165 MMSCF.

Notes: Total production of crude oil refers to the production of crude oil and condensate, while the total production of natural gas includes associated natural gas and non-associated natural gas.

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

The largest import commodity in 2011 was petroleum products with a value of RM32.7 billion

(57.7 per cent) followed by imports of crude petroleum, RM24.0 billion (42.3 per cent).

Australia, India, Thailand and Japan were the major buyers of crude petroleum from Malaysia in

2011. Australia was the biggest importer of crude petroleum from Malaysia with a share of

31.4 per cent. This was followed by India (18.8 per cent), Thailand (16.6 per cent) and Japan

(7.5 per cent), as shown in Chart 3.

Australia

Thailand

India

Other countries

Japan

Total : RM32.5 billion

China

Chart 3 : Malaysia’s exports of crude petroleum by country, 2011

5. Exports and imports of petroleum-based products

As shown in Table 3, exports of petroleum-based products (including re-export) in 2011 amounted to

RM117.5 billion or 16.8 per cent of total exports in Malaysia. Liquefied natural gas was the largest

export commodity accounted for RM52.0 billion (44.3 per cent) in 2011. Meanwhile, the exports of

petroleum products registered a value of RM33.0 billion (28.1 per cent) and crude petroleum was

RM32.5 billion (27.6 per cent).

Table 3 : Exports and imports of petroleum-based products, 2011

Product Exports (RM billion) Imports (RM billion) % %

a. Crude petroleum

b. Petroleum products

c. Liquefied natural gas

32.5

33.0

52.0

24.0

32.7

-

27.6

28.1

44.3

42.3

57.7

-

Total 117.5 56.7 100.0 100.0

Source : External Trade Statistics, Department of Statistics, Malaysia

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2012

6. Exports of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

In 2011, Japan remained as the largest importer of liquefied natural gas from Malaysia registered

68.3 per cent of the total exports of this commodity as shown in Chart 5. This was followed by

Taiwan and Republic of Korea which registered 15.5 per cent and 11.6 per cent respectively.

As shown in Chart 4, Saudi Arabia and Qatar were the two primary exporter countries of crude

petroleum to Malaysia, accounting for 38.4 per cent, followed by Vietnam (15.1 per cent) and Gabon

(12.1 per cent).

Chart 4 : Malaysia’s imports of crude petroleum by country, 2011

Gabon

Saudi Arabia

Vietnam

Other countries


Iran

Qatar

Australia

United Arab Emirates

Chart 5 : Malaysia’s exports of liquified natural gas by country, 2011

Japan 68.3%

Republic of Korea 11.6%

Taiwan 15.5%


Other countries

4.6 %

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

7. Monthly average price of crude oil, 2011

Chart 6 illustrates the monthly average price and cumulative average price of crude oil recorded in

2011. Throughout the year the monthly average price per barrel of crude oil shows a volatile trend.

The lowest average price of crude oil was USD94.13 per barrel recorded in January 2011. The

average price of crude oil reached its peak in April 2011 with the value of USD124.07 per barrel.

8. Usage of ICT

The usage of ICT in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry is crucial because it involves the

use of high technology systems in performing the extraction of crude oil and natural gas. This is

consistent with the information reported in the Census with a 100 per cent usage of computers,

internet and web presence for the establishments engaged in extraction of crude oil and natural

gas in 2011 (Chart 7).

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Chart 6 : Monthly average price and cumulative average price of crude oil, 2011

Cumulative average price

Source : PETRONAS Month

US

D p

er

ba

rrel

USD124.07

USD94.13

Monthly average price

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

As shown in Chart 8, 100 per cent of the establishments in the crude oil and natural gas mining

industry used intranet network, local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN), while only

50 per cent of establishments used extranet network. An extranet network refers to a closed network

that uses internet protocol to securely share an enterprise’s information with suppliers, vendors,

customers or other businesses partners.

In 2011, 94.0 per cent of employees in this industry reported using computers and 68.2 per cent of

employees reported using the internet. Based on Table 4, the group of establishments with less than

1,000 employees recorded the largest proportion of computer use (95.2 per cent). Meanwhile, the

groups of establishments with 1,000 employees and above registered the highest usage of internet,

accounting at 69.9 per cent .

Chart 7 : Usage of computer, internet and web presence, 2011

Chart 8 : Type of computer network used in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011

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SUMMARY FINDINGS


2012

In 2011, the type of internet access mainly used in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry was

fixed broadband which recorded 93.8 per cent, followed by mobile broadband (37.5 per cent) and

narrowband (25.0 per cent) (Chart 9).

Table 5 shows the proportion of establishments involved in purchases and sales for goods and

services via the internet in 2010 and 2011. As shown in the Table, 37.5 per cent of establishments

used the internet to make purchase for 2010 and 2011.

Meanwhile 18.8 per cent received an order for goods or services via the internet in 2011, a decrease

of 6.2 per cent compared to 2010. Out of the total revenue received which was RM28.5 billion in

2011, RM3.7 billion was obtained from sales via the internet.

Table 4 : Proportion of employees using computer and internet in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011

Chart 9 : Types of internet access used in crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011

Table 5 : Purchases and sales for goods or services in crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2010 and 2011

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SUMMARY FINDINGS - DOSM · SUMMARY FINDINGS PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012 3. Employment In 2011, the petroleum and natural gas mining