A PRESENTATION ON SUMMER TRAINING AT HALTAD, KANPUR

SUMIT KRISHNAN A.E-4BBDNITM LUCKNOW

HISTORY OF HAL

HAL was established as Hindustan Aircraft in Bangalore in 1940 by Walchand Hirachand to produce military aircraft for the Royal Indian Air Force.

The initiative was actively encouraged by the Kingdom of Mysore, especially by the Diwan, Sir Mirza Ismail and it also had financial help from the Indian Government.

The Indian Government bought a one-third stake in the company by April 1941.

By 1942, this company was nationalized and now the management is under the control of government.

In 1943 the Bangalore factory was handed over to the United States Army Air Force but still using Hindustan Aircraft management. The factories expanded rapidly and became the centre for major overhaul and repair of American aircraft and was known as the 84th Air Depot. The first aircraft to be overhauled was a PBY Catalina.

After India gained independence in 1947, the management of the company was passed over to the Government of India and was renamed as Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) on 1 October 1964 when Hindustan Aircraft Limited was merged with the Aircraft manufacturing Depot, Kanpur.

ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

HAL currently has twenty divisions and ten research centres. The twenty divisions are further divided in four complexes and in R&D Centre given below:

Bangalore ComplexHelicopter ComplexAccessories ComplexMig ComplexResearch and Design Centre

DIVISIONS COMES UNDER BANGALORE COMPLEX : Aircraft Division Bangalore Engine Division Bangalore Foundry and Forge Division Aerospace Division Overhaul Division Industrial and Marine gas turbine Division Airport service Centre Facility Management Division  DIVISION COMES UNDER HELICOPTER COMPLEX: Helicopter Manufacturing Division Bangalore Helicopter MRO Division Bangalore Overhaul Division Barrakpur Composite Manufacturing Division Bangalore  DIVISIONS COMES UNDER ACCESSORIES COMPLEX: Accessories Division Lucknow Avionics Division Korwa Avionics Division Hyderabad Transport Aircraft Division Kanpur

  DIVISIONS COMES UNDER MIG COMPLEX:Aircraft Manufacturing Division NasikAircraft Overhaul Division NasikEngine division KoraputSukhoi Engine Division Koraput  RESEARCH AND DESIGN CENTRE:Aircraft R&D Centre Bangalore Rotary Wing R&D Centre Bangalore Engine and Test bed R&D Centre BangaloreStrategic electronic R&D Centre HyderabadTransport aircraft R&D Centre KanpurAircraft upgrade R&D Centre NasikAerospace system and equipment R&D Centre LucknowGas turbine R&D Centre Koraput Central Material and process R&D Centre Bangalore Mission and combat system R&D Centre Bangalore

HAL PRODUCTS  Aircraft designed and developed by HAL :  HT-2 - Piston-engine trainer Pushpak -Light aircraft for flying clubs Krishak - Air observation post Marut(HF-24) - Ground Attack Jet Fighter Marut Trainer - Operational Trainer Kiran MK-I & IA & II - Basic Jet Trainer Basant - Agricultural aircraft Ajeet - Light Fighter HPT-32 - Piston-Engine Trainer HTT-34 - Turboprop variant  Aircraft Produced under license at HAL :  Percival prentice - Trainer Vampair - Fighter-Bomber Gnat - Interceptor MIG-21c FL - Interceptor MIG-21 bis - Ground Attack Jaguar - Multi-role Fighter

MIG-27 - Ground Attack Avro (HS-748) - Medium Transport Dornier-228 - Light Transport Chetak - Utility Helicopter Cheetah - Light logistic helicopter  AIRCRAFT TO BE PRODUCED IN FUTURE :  LCA - Light Combat Aircraft Saras - Medium Transport ALH Helicopter - Multi role Advance Sukhoi-30 - Fighter IJT-34 - Trainer

Manufacturing department: This is the very important department of this organization

which takes care of manufacturing of material, tools, parts etc. There are several shops under this department under which all the manufacturing takes place. These

department/shop is given below :D.P.M ShopMachine ShopNC/CNC ShopComposite ShopPlastics ShopTool development Shop (TDS)General Manufacturing Shop (GMS)

PRODUCT’S OF HALTAD, KANPUR

HPT-32

DORNIER-228

AVRO HS-748

DORNIER-228 AIRCRAFT

DESCRIPTIONThe TPE 331-5-252D is a lightweight fixed-shaft type turboprop

engine. The major engine components from front to rear are:Reduction gearbox with accessory drives.Two-stage centrifugal compressor.Reverse-flow annular combustion section.Three-stage axial turbine section.Exhaust section. BASIC DESIGN Inlet air is drawn into the first stage centrifugal Compressor.The compressor section consists of two stages of radial impellers of

forged titanium.After passing through interconnecting ducting, the compressed air

enters the combustor where fuel is added and the mixture is burned.The hot gases are then expanded through a three-stage turbine,

which converts the energy in the gases to shaft power.This shaft power is used to drive the compressor and through the

gearbox, engine accessories and the propeller.The gases are exhausted rearward via the straight-through-design

tailpipe providing additional thrust.

LEADING PARTICULARS

Engine Type -Single-shaft turboprop engine with integralgearbox

Compressor -Two-stage centrifugalTurbine -Three-stage axialCombustion Chamber -Single annularEngine Dry Weight 160 daN (360 lbs)Engine Length (nominal) 1.10 m (43.3 in.)Engine Width (nominal) 0.47 m (18.6 in.)Engine Height (nominal) 0.69 m (27.1 in.)Propeller Shaft Speed at Turbine 1591 RPMSpeed of engine shaft 41,730 RPM (100%)Reduction Gear Ratio 1 : 26Propeller Rotation (looking forward) CCWMax. Continuous Engine Power(MCP) Flat rated to 715 SHP

at 41,730 RPMPropeller Diameter 2.69 m (106 in.)

HS -748 (AVRO)

This aircraft was manufactured under the license of U.K COMPANY named “HAWKER SIDDELEY”.

The common name of aircraft is AVRO on the name of A.V.REO and company.

HAL TAD Kanpur has manufactured 89 HS-748 during the period 1960-1983 for Indian Airforce, Indian Airlines and Civil customers.

WORK TASK IN HS -748Basically three task take place for HS-748Overhauling.Servicing.CAT ‘B’ Servicing.

AIRCRAFT’s DESIGN & SPECIFICATIONS : Engine dry weight 1583 LBS Jet Thrust 485 LBS Shaft H.P. 1835(DRY) 1910/2040(WET) Propeller dia. 12’ FUSELAGE: Fuselage Length 67 Fuselage dia. 8’9” Height above gnd Level radder 24’10” WING: Span 98’6” Incidence angle 3’ Dihedral angle 7’ UNDER CARRIAGE: Track 24’9” Wheel base 20’1” Performance & Capacity: Max. take off wt. 4350LBS Landing wt. 41500LBS Max. zero fuel wt. 36360LBS Max. payload 12652LBS Max. crusing speed 245knots Crusing height 20,000M Take off distance to 35ft. 3570’ Engine oil capacity 2*2605Dints Fuel capacity 2*570Imp.Gals

COMBUSTOR

A combustor is a component or area of a gas turbine engine where combustion takes place. It is also known as a combustion chamber.

The combustor heats the highly compressed air at constant pressure.

After heating, air passes from the combustor through the nozzle guide vanes to the turbine.

Today three main configurations exist: can, annular and cannular.

Components of combustor-

CaseDiffuserLinerSnoutDome / swirlerFuel injectorIgniter

Air flow paths

Types of combustion chambersCan type:Can combustors are self contained cylindrical

combustion chambers. Each "can" has its own fuel injector, igniter, liner, and casing.

Can type combustors are easy to maintain, as only a single can needs to be removed, rather than the whole combustion section.

Annular type:Annular combustors do away with the separate

combustion zones and simply have a continuous liner and casing in a ring (the annulus).

There are many advantages to annular combustors,

uniform combustion, shorter size (therefore lighter), less surface area.Cannular type:Like the can type combustor, can annular

combustors have discrete combustion zones contained in separate liners with their own fuel injectors. All the combustion zones share a common ring (annulus) casing.

It also eliminates the need for each chamber to have its own igniter.

Engine Of AVRO HS-748

The Rolls-Royce RB.53 Dart is a long-lived British turboprop engine designed, built and manufactured by Rolls-Royce Limited.

ComponentsCompressor: 2-stage centrifugalCombustors: 7 combustion chambersTurbine: 3-stageFuel type: Kerosene-JETA, JETA1, JP4, JP5

Thanks & All The Best to everyone for their near Future!

submitted to my dear sir

Nageshwar Rao