Subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce a subordinating clause.

Even though she loves to dance, she does not like to watch other people dance.

The subordinator even though is introducing the rest of the clause which is dependent (subordinate) to the next part of the sentence, which can stand alone without the subordinating clause.

Although Though Even though

While Whereas

Although I do not like that genre of music, I really enjoy some of artists.

CDs can be expensive though I do not mind buying them if I really like the music.

Even though I do not like it when other people listen to loud music while they are driving, I sometimes find myself doing the same thing.

While the cat did not eat her food this morning, she did drink some milk this afternoon. (be careful, the word while has two different meanings!)

She turns in assignments whenever they are due whereas he is always giving his instructors lame excuses and asking for extensions.

If the subordinating clause is at the beginning of the sentence, we must use a comma to separate it from the independent clause. (just like in this sentence!)

Because Since

Last night I had to take my daughter to the emergency room because she fell down the stairs and sprained her wrist.

Since I was not able to make it to last night’s meeting, I have to write a letter to my boss explaining my absence.

If Unless

If I wash my car and finish running all my errands today, I will have time to do my homework and my laundry this weekend.

I will not have time to run any of my errands unless the mechanic is done changing the oil in my car by noon.

Before After When

Whenever Until As soon as

Before she had turned 12, she had already been to three states.

Whenever she wanted to, she was able to pick up the phone and call her mom.

After he drove away, he realized he had forgotten his cell phone.

Before After When

Whenever Until As soon as

She decided to not pop the bag of popcorn until the next commercial break.

She will apologize to her friend when her friend apologizes first.

As soon as they are done eating, the manager will close the restaurant for the night.

1.I had to buy new shoes because my old ones were too old and worn out to wear anymore.

result condition2. I do not like to buy used books unless they

are in really good condition.concession condition

3. It is best to fill up your gas tank before it’s on empty.

time cause

1.I had to buy new shoes because my old ones were too old and worn out to wear anymore.

result condition2. I do not like to buy used books unless they

are in really good condition.concession condition

3. It is best to fill up your gas tank before it’s on empty.

time cause

4. Whenever she asks me for a ride I usually say no because she never gives me any gas money.

time result5. She really enjoyed the concert whereas her

boyfriend enjoyed the fair.contrast time

6. Frank said he does not want to go on the road trip with us unless he gets to drive.

result condition

4. Whenever she asks me for a ride I usually say no because she never gives me any gas money.

time result5. She really enjoyed the concert whereas her

boyfriend enjoyed the fair.contrast time

6. Frank said he does not want to go on the road trip with us unless he gets to drive.

result condition

1. Roses need water frequently. Cacti only need water every so often.

2. Freddy is afraid to ride his new bike. He saw his brother fall off a bike yesterday and get hurt.

3. My grades got a lot better. I began turning in all my assignments on time.

1. Roses need water frequently whereas cacti only need water every so often.

2. Freddy is afraid to ride his new bike because he saw his brother fall off a bike yesterday and get hurt.

3. My grades got a lot better after I began turning in all my assignments on time.

4. I need to learn how to delegate more. I will have more time to finish this project I am working on.

5. He loaned his car to his brother this weekend. He promised his sister last week that she could borrow his car this weekend.

6. I have a lot to do this weekend. I am still going to have dinner with you on Sunday night.

7. I never realized what it felt like to be a mother. I had my first child at the age of twenty-four.

4. As soon as I learn how to delegate more, I will have more time to finish this project I am working on.

5. He loaned his car to his brother this weekend even though He promised his sister last week that she could borrow his car this weekend.

6. I have a lot to do this weekend if I am still going to have dinner with you on Sunday night.

7. Until I had my first child at the age of twenty-four, I never realized what it felt like to be a mother.

Although Though Even though

While Whereas

Because Since If Unless Before

After When Whenever Until As soon as

http://grammar.uoregon.edu/conjunctions/subordinating.html Effective Writing by H.J Tichy

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