Study the assigned polyatomic ions! - Amazon S3 · 9.1 Naming Ions >Monatomic Ions. Slide 9of 39 • Ions of most transition metals + Pb & Sn – charge may vary – some metal cations

Slide 1 of 39

• Study the assigned polyatomic ions!

Slide 2 of 39

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide 3 of 39

Naming Ions

A rose is rosa in Spanish, warda in Arabic, and julab in Hindi. To truly understand another culture, you must first learn the language used in that culture. Similarly, to understand chemistry, you must learn its language. For this you need to know how to name ions.

9.1

Slide 4 of 39

2. Identify the charges on monatomic ions by using the periodic table, and name the ions.

3. Identify common metal ions with more than one charge.

4. Define polyatomic ions and write the names and formulas of the most common polyatomic ions (phosphate, carbonate, sulfate, nitrate, chlorate, acetate, ammonium, and hydroxide).

5. Identify the two most common endings for the names of most polyatomic ions.

Slide 5 of 39

• Monatomic ions– consist of a single atom with a positive or negative charge

– Cations: group 1A, 2A, 3A• form cations with positive charge = to their group #

• do not change their names when they form ions

Slide 6 of 39


Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions

These elements have ionic charges that can be obtained from their group numbers.

9.1

Slide 7 of 39

– Anions: group 5A, 6A, 7A • form negative ions• subtract 8 from group number to determine the charge

• all non‐metallic anions change their name to end in “‐ide”

• examples: oxygen becomes oxide, nitrogen → nitride, fluorine → fluoride

Slide 8 of 39


Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions9.1

Slide 9 of 39

• Ions of most transition metals + Pb & Sn– charge may vary– some metal cations with more than one charge: Table 9.2

• Copper: Cu+, Cu2+

• Iron: Fe2+, Fe3+

• Lead: Pb2+, Pb4+

• Tin: Sn2+, Sn4+

• Mn: Mn2+, Mn3+

Slide 10 of 39



These colorful solutions contain the transition metal ions Co3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Ni2+, and Mn2+.

9.1

Slide 11 of 39



Many transition metal compounds are colored and can be used as pigments.

9.1

Slide 12 of 39

• Naming transition metal ions– Stock Name:

• roman numeral corresponds to ionic charge• example: copper I =Cu+, copper II = Cu2+

– Classical Name• suffix “‐ous” has the lower ionic charge, “‐ic” has the higher

• uses the Latin name• example cuprous = Cu+, cupric = Cu2+

Slide 13 of 39

• Cu1+ = Copper (I) = Cuprous • Cu2+ = Copper (II) = Cupric• Fe2+ = Iron (II) = Ferrous • Fe3+ = Iron (III) = Ferric• Pb2+ = lead (II) = Plumbous• Pb4+ = lead (IV) = Plumbic

Slide 14 of 39


Naming Ions > Monatomic Ions9.1


Slide 15 of 39

What is the correct formula for a copper (II) ion?

A. Cu1+

B. Cu2+

C. Cu2

Slide 16 of 39

– Major disadvantage of classical naming system: It doesn’t tell you the charge on the cation: only if it has the smaller (‐ous) or larger (‐ic) charge

Slide 17 of 39

– Transition metals with only one ionic charge do not need a Roman numeral when named (memorize these)• Ag+ = silver, NOT silver (I)

– Silver always forms a 1+ ion• Cd2+ and Zn2+ = cadmium and zinc

– Cd and Zn always form 2+ ions

Slide 18 of 39

• Naming Polyatomic Ions– covalently bonded groups of atoms that behave like an ion

– most end in –ite or –ate– exceptions:

1. hydroxide2. ammonium

Slide 19 of 39


Naming Ions > Polyatomic Ions

These models show the structures of four common polyatomic ions.

9.1

Slide 20 of 39

– polyatomic ion “‐ite/‐ate” pairs

• have the same charge

• “‐ite” ions have one less oxygen atom

• example: sulfate = SO42‐,

sulfite = SO32‐

• what is the formula for nitrate

NO3‐

• what is the formula for nitrate

NO2‐

Slide 21 of 39

– Polyatomic ions beginning with “hydrogen”• add a H+ ion to the polyatomic ion and adjust the charge

• phosphate → hydrogen phosphate

Slide 22 of 39



Sodium hydrogen carbonate can relieve an upset stomach.

9.1

Slide 23 of 39



HCO3–, HPO4

2–, and H2PO4– ions in your blood

are critical for your health.

9.1

Slide 24 of 39



Fertilizers contain HPO42– and H2PO4– ions.

9.1

Slide 25 of 39

• Common vs. Systematic Names– common names may describe the chemical: – laughing gas, baking soda, lye

• Systematic names are important– give more information about the compound


Slide 26 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

If the name of an ion ends in ‐ite or ‐ate, the ion is a

A. polyatomic cation.

B. polyatomic anion.

C. transition metal cation.

D. monatomic anion.


Slide 27 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the ion of sulfur?

A. 2+

B. 1‐

C. 2‐

D. 0


Slide 28 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the ion of zinc?

A. 2+

B. 1‐

C. 2‐

D. 0


Slide 29 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the Copper (I) ion?

A. 2+

B. 1+

C. 2‐

D. 0


Slide 30 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the tin (IV) ion?

A. 4+

B. 2+

C. 4‐

D. 0


Slide 31 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

Which of the following are positively charged polyatomic ions?

(I) ammonium ion(II) perchlorate ion(III) ferric ion

A. I only

B. II only

C. III only

D. I and III


Slide 32 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

If the name of an ion ends in ‐ite or ‐ate, the ion is a

A. polyatomic cation.

B. polyatomic anion.

C. transition metal cation.

D. monatomic anion.


Slide 33 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the silver ion?

A. 4+

B. 2+

C. 1+

D. 0


Slide 34 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the iron (III) ion?

A. 3+

B. 2+

C. 3‐

D. 0


Slide 35 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

Which of the following is NOT a cation?

A. iron(III) ion

B. calcium ion

C. sulfate

D. mercurous ion


Slide 36 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

An ‐ate or ‐ite at the end of a compound name usually indicates that the compound contains ____.

A. fewer electrons than protons

B. only two elements

C. neutral molecules

D. a polyatomic anion


Slide 37 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the ion of Argon?

A. 2+

B. 1‐

C. 2‐

D. Trick question: Argon doesn’t usually form ions


Slide 38 of 39

9.1 Section Quiz

What is the charge of the bromine ion?

A. 2+

B. 1‐

C. 2‐

D. 0

Slide 39 of 39

• Read 260‐266• Memorize polyatomic ions• Q’s 9.1 on worksheet. (Answer on a separate sheet of paper!)

Documents

Study the assigned polyatomic ions! - Amazon S3 · 9.1 Naming Ions >Monatomic Ions. Slide 9of 39 • Ions of most transition metals + Pb & Sn – charge may vary – some metal cations