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KELOMPOK 4Alan Permana Anggi Rizky Ws
Aulia Utami
Gita Dessia Miranda
Tria Marisa
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STRUKTUR DAN
FUNGSI
SEL
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SEL HEWAN
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SEL TUMBUHAN
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1. Pengertian SelSel aala! "nit ter#e$il ari %a#!l"# !i"&
'ang
%a(i! a&at %en)alan#an *"ng(in'a. Sel i(e+"t(e+agai "nit
ter#e$il #arena tia# a&at i+agi,+agilagi %en)ai +agian 'ang
le+i! #e$il 'ang +eriri(eniri. Se$ara (tr"#t"ral- t"+"! %a#!l"#
!i"&ter("("n ata( (el,(el. Se$ara *"ng(inal- t"+"!%a#!l"#
!i"& a&at %en'elenggara#an #e!i"&an
)i#a (el,(el &en'"("n it" +er*"ng(i. Sel
%engan"ng %ateri geneti#- 'ait" %ateri &enent"(i*at,(i*at
%a#!l"# !i"&. Dengan aan'a %aterigeneti#- (i*at %a#!l"#
!i"& a&at i /ari(#an#e&aa #et"r"nan.
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2. Sejarah Penemuan
Sela0 R+ert H#ePaa ta!"n 12- %enga%ati (a'atan ga+"( ari
+atang
3"er$"( ("+er %engg"na#an %i#r(#&. Ia %ene%"#an
aan'a r"ang,r"ang #(ng 'ang i+ata(i ining te+al ala%
&enga%atann'a. R+ert H#e %en'e+"t r"ang r"ang #(ng
ter(e+"t engan i(tila! $ell"lae artin'a (el. Sel 'ang
ite%"#an
R+ert H#e %er"&a#an (el,(el ga+"( 'ang tela! %ati.
+0 Antnie an Lee"/en!e#Meran$ang (e+"a! %i#r(#& #e$il
+erlen(a t"nggal.
Mi#r(#& it" ig"na#an "nt"# %enga%ati air rena%an
)era%i. Ia %ene%"#an rgani(%e 'ang +ergera#,gera# i
ala% air- 'ang #e%"ian i(e+"t +a#teri. Antnie an
Lee"/en!e# %er"&a#an rang &erta%a 'ang %ene%"#an (el
!i"&.
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3. Komponen Kimiawi
Sela0 Kar+!irat•)Kar+!irat (ering#ali i(e+"t (a#aria-#arena
teriri ari rantai %le#"l gl"#(a
'ang i(e+"t monosakarida.
•)D"a %le#"l %n(a#aria (aling+er#aitan i(e+"t disakarida.
•)Be+ara&a +"a! i(a#aria an tri(a#aria
%e%+ent"# polisakarida.Pli(a#aria%er"&a#an "ntaian %n(a#aria
'ang(angat &an)ang. Untaian ini a&at l"r"(%a"&"n
+er$a+ang,$a+ang
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3. Komponen Kimiawi
Sel+0 Prtein• Prtein ter("("n ata( "n("r 5 6 7 #ar+n 0- H7
!irgen 0 an O 7 #(igen 0 an N7 nitrgen 0 . Prtein%er"&a#an
&li&e&tia ata" +i&li%er 'ang ter("("nata( a(a%
a%in. Aa (e#itar 9: %a$a% a(a% a%in
(e+agai "nit a(ar &en'"("n &rtein . A(a% a%in(i*atn'a
lar"t ala% air - a&at i#ri(tal#an -%e%&"n'ai titi# ii! 'ang
tinggi an a&at +er(i*ata(a% ata" +a(a
• Prtein +er*"ng(i (e+agai &en'"("n (tr"#t"ral
(el-&en'i%&anan- tran(&rta(i- &engiri%an
(ignal-&ergera#an- &rte#(i (erta a&at &"la
+er*"ng(i(e+agai #atali(atr "nt"# %e%&er$e&at
ter)ain'area#(i i ala% (el.
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3. Komponen Kimiawi
Sel$0 Le%a# 7li&i0• Mer"&a#an (en'a/a 'ang ter("("n ata(
"n("r 6
7 #ar+n 0- H 7 !irgen 0 an O 7 #(igen 0. Le%a#
ter("("n ata( (en'a/a gli(erl an a(a% le%a# 'ang%er"&a#an
"nit a(ar &en'"("n le%a#.
• (i*at le%a# iantaran'a tia# lar"t ala% air- en(ita(ata"
#era&atanna le+i! rena! ari air - %e%ili#ii(#(ita( ata"
#e#entalan 'ang tinggi.
• 6nt! le%a# aala! trigli(eria- *(*li&i- (teri• F"ng(i le%a#
antara lain &en'"("n %e%+ran (el
+er(a%a,(a%a engan &rtein- &en'"("n !r%n#ela%in &ria
(e&erti te(t(tern
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3. Komponen Kimiawi
Sel0 A(a% N"#leat• A(a% n"#leat %er"&a#an ("at"
&li%er 'ang ter("("nata( %n%er,%n%er 'ang i(e+"t engan
n"#letia.
• F"ng(i "ta%a n"#letia aala! &en'i%&an
in*r%a(i
7DNA0- (inte(i(n &rtein 7RNA0- an tran(*er energi 7ATPan
NAD0.
•N"#letia %engan"ng g"la- +a(a nitrgen- an *(*at.G"la +er"&a
ri+(e ata" e#(i ri+(e.
• Tera&at li%a %a$a% +a(a nitrgen. P"rin 7Aenin an
G"anin0 %e%ili#i (tr"#t"r $in$in gana- (eang#an&iri%iin
7(it(ine- Ti%in an Ura(il0 %er"&a#an $in$int"nggal.
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4. Stuktur dan Fungsi
Sela0 Me%+ran SelMe%+ran Sel Ter("("n ata( la&i(an
li&&rtein ga+"ngan le%a#an &rtein &er+aningan
2:52:. Li&i 'ang %en'"("n %e%+ranaala! &(&li&i 'ang
+er(i*at !ir;li# an (terl 'ang +er(i*at
!ir*+i#. Prtein 'ang tera&at &aa &er%"#aan l"ar an
ala%%e%+ran (el i(e+"t &rtein e#(trin(i# 'ang +er(i*at
!ir*+i#.Seang#an &rtein 'ang aa an %ene%+"( #e"a la&i(
li&ii(e+"t &rtein intrin(i# 'ang +er(i*at !ir*+i#. Me%+ran
(el+er(i*at (e%i &er%ia+el. Beri#"t ini (i*at (i*at %e%+ran
(el5
•Pe%+ata( antara i(i (el engan +agian l"ar (el
•Se+agai &elin"ng (el
•Se+agai te%&at &ert"#aran
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4. Stuktur dan Fungsi
Sel
Str"#t"r %e%+ran (el
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4. Stuktur dan Fungsi
Sel+0 Sit&la(%aSit&la(%a artin'a &la(%a (el- 'a#ni
$airan 'ang+eraa i ala% (el (elain n"#le&la(%a
7&la(%ainti0. Sit&la(%a ter("("n ata( $airan an
&aatan.6airan (it&la(%a i(e+"t (it(l. Paatan
(it&la(%aaala! rganel,rganel. Sit(l ter("("n ata(
air-&rtein- a(a% a%in-ita%in- n"#letia- a(a%le%a#- g"la- an
in,in. Sit(l i(e+"t &"la %atri#(
(it&la(%a.
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4. Stuktur dan Fungsi
Sel$0 N"#le"( 7inti (el0• Organel ter+e(ar 'ang +eraa i
ala% (el
• Di ala%n'a tera&at51.N"#lel"(7ana# inti0 5%en'inte(i(
+er+agai
%a$a% %le#"l RNA 'ang ig"na#an ala%&era#itan ri+(%.
9.N"#le"&la(%a7$airan inti0 5
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel
• Retikulum Endoplasma1. F"ng(i 5
Se+agai &ena%&"ng (inte(i( &rtein- "nt"#
i(al"r#an#e #%&le#( glgi an a#!irn'a i#el"ar#an ari (el.
Men(inte(i( le%a# an #le(terl
Mena/ar ra$"n 7et#(i;#a(i0
>alan tran(&r ala% %e%ina!#an %le#"l,%le#"l
ari +agian (el 'ang (at" #e+agian 'ang lain.9. Ter+agi %en)ai
5
RE #a(ar 5 i te%&eli ri+(% 7 Unt"#
%en'inte(i(&rtein0
RE !al"( 5 tia# ite%&eli ri+(% 7"nt"#
%en'inte(i(le%a#0
0 Baan Mi#rDi(e+"t +aan %i#r #arena "#"rann'a #e$il-
!an'a+ergari( tenga! :-=,1-2"%. Baan %i#r teriri ari 5
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel•
Badan golgi1. A&arat"( glgi teriri ata( #"%&"lan e(i#el
&i&i!'ang +er+ent"# #antng +er#el#,#el# 7(i(ternae0.
9. Di ala% a&arat"( glgi +an'a# en
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• Ribosom
1. Ber*"ng(i "nt"# %en(inte(i( &rtein
9. Ri+(% 'ang %ene%&el &aa %e%+ran RE+er*"ng(i
%en(inte(i( &rtein "nt"# i+a/a #el"ar(el %elal"i RE an
#%&le#( glgi.
=. Ri+(% 'ang Mela'ang,la'ang i ala% (it&la(%a+er*"ng(i
%en(inte(i( &rtein "nt"# #e&erl"an iala% (el
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• isosom
Li((% i!a(il#an le! a&arat"( glgi 'ang &en"!
engan &rtein. Li((% %eng!a(il#an en
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• Peroksisom
Ber*"ng(i "nt"# 5
1.%eng!a(il#an en
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• !ikrotubulus
Ber*"ng(i "nt"# %e%+ent"#(ilia- (entril an +enang,+enang
(&inel.
• !ikro"lamenMi#r;la%en aala!
&enangg"ng )a/a+ (el"r"!
gera#an i ala% (el
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• !itokondria
1.%it#nria ter("("n ata( 9 (i(te% %e%+ran 'ait"%e%+ran ala% an
%e%+ran l"ar. Me%+ran ala%%e%+ent"# tn)lan,tn)lan #e ara!
ala%7%e%+ran #ri(ta0 "nt"# %e%&erl"a( +iang&en'era&an
#(igen an %e%&"n'ai (i*at &la(ti(
9.Ber*"ng(i (e+agai te%&at +erlang("ng re(&ira(i"nt"#
%eng!a(il#an energi 7ATP0.
=.Matri# Mit#nria %engan"ng &rtein- le%a#-en
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• Kloroplas
1. Klr&la( %er"&a#an &la(tia 'ang
%engan"ng&ig%en !i)a" 'ang i(e+"t #lr;l.
9. Han'a tera&at &aa (el t"%+"!an
=. Ma$a% &la(tia 5
. #r%&la( 5 %engan"ng &ig%en
#arten. #lr&la( 5 %engan"ng &ig%en #lr;l
. Le"#&la( 5 +er/arna &"ti! an +er*"ng(i
"nt"#%en'i%&an a%il"%
7a%il&la(0-%in'a#7elai&la(0-&rtein7ale"r&la(0.
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• #akuola
1. Beri(i 5 a(a% rgani#- a(a% a%in- gl"#(a- ga(-gara%,gara%
#ri(tal- al#ali.
9. F"ng(i 5
. Te%&at $aangan %a#anan
. Men'i%&an &ig%en. Men'i%&an %in'a#
at(iri
. Men'i%&an (i(a %eta+li(%e
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel• Sentrosom
Sentr(% !an'a a&ati)"%&ai
&aa (el !e/an. Sentr(%&aa
(aat re&r"#(i (el a#an%e%+ela!
%en)ai (entril.
• Sentriolter("("n ata( +enang,+enang t"+"lin
Sentril %e%+ent"# +enang,+enang(&inel 'ang a&at
%enggera##an #r%(%
&aa (aat &e%+ela!an %it(i(
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4. Stuktur dan FungsiSel
• SitoskeletonSit(#eletn +er"&a )aringan &rtein an le%a#
'ang+er*"ng(i Se+agai &e%+eri +ent"# (el
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Perbedaan StrukturSel $ewan dan Sel
%umbuhan&o. Bagian sel sel tumbuhan sel hewan1 a. %e%+ran
&la(%a aa aa
+. ining (el aa Tia# aa
9 rganel (el
a. N"#le"( aa aa
+. reti#"l"% en&la(%a aa aa
$. ri+(% aa aa
. &er#(i(% aa aa
e. #%&le#( glgi aa aa
*. %it#nria aa aa
g. li((% tia# aa aa
!. (entril tia# aa aa
i. &la(tia aa tia# aa
= a#"la aa tia# aa
