Standing Rock Reservation - US Department of Energy€¦ · Standing Rock Reservation OVERVIEW STANDING ROCK RESERVATION Standing Rock Sioux Tribe TRIBAL HEADQUARTERS: Fort Yates,

STANDING ROCK RESERVATION ?List of Topics

BACKGROUND � Reservation Overview�

� Regional Geologic Overview

GEOLOGIC OVERVIEW�

� Summary of Play Types � Regional Production Overview

CONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPES � Play 1 - Cretaceous Muddy/Dakota/Lakota Play � Play 2 - Mississippian Shoreline Play � Play 3 - Ordovician Red River Play

CONVENTIONAL/UNCONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPES � Play 4 - Cretaceous Pierre/Niobrara Biogenic Gas Plays � Play 5 - Cretaceous Pierre/Greenhorn Limestone Play � Play 6 - Pennsylvanian Leo Play � Play 7 - Cretaceous Carlile Shale/Turner Sandstone Play � Play 8 - Cretaceous Shannon/Sussex Sands Play

REFERENCES

Standing Rock Reservation

OVERVIEW

STANDING ROCK RESERVATION Standing Rock Sioux Tribe

TRIBAL HEADQUARTERS: � Fort Yates, South Dakota GEOLOGIC SETTING: � � Williston Basin

Land Status � by Congress. It was established on March 2, 1889.

The

minor portions in Dewey and Ziebach Counties, S.D.

percent. and allotted lands number 542,700.66 (23.39 percent). surface and minerals is 143,751.50 acres minerals, but not the surface is 49.566.88 acres ownership of surface and minerals acres (3.09 percent).

tribal and allotted lands located off the Reservation. � tribal lands, and other lands. the establishment of the Standing Rock Reservation.

land to be sold. come under the management of the Tribal Council.

Affairs agencies, town sites, and cemeteries. � severed. The categories of mineral ownership include:

a.� � � including government agencies) b.� � � Tribe c.� d.�

� Persons desiring to secure oil and gas or other

Culture, Geography, and Physiography

names for the geographical areas they represent. Cannonball, Kenel, Porcupine, Fort Yates, Districts. Each district has a representative. for the McLaughlin subdistrict of the Little Eagle District. There are 15 members in the Tribal Council and 9 members constitute a quorum.

The Tribal Chairman is elected at large for a two year term.

�

without regard to residence in the districts.

� the first Wednesday of each month.

Various

and these meetings may often lst for several days.

in America today. �

Reservation.

boundary, along the 102nd meridian. � also the county seat of Sioux County. County, in South Dakota. (1970 census). Total Tribal membership is 8,052. �

Commercial jet

and towns. and north-to-south directions. to most of the Reservation. �

the North Dakota portion of the Reservation.

Reservation. They are

types crop out.

�

The

hundred feet above the general upland surface.

down cutting.

CONTACT:

� Mr. Miles L. McAllister, Natural Resources Specialist � Department of Water & Natural Resources � Standing Rock Sioux Tribe � P.O. Box 729 � Fort Yates, North Dakota 58538

� TEL: (701) 854-7410

73

8

15

83

83

12

212

212

Mott

Faith

Selby

Linton

Gettysburg

Mobridge

Hettinger

Shadehill

Perkins

Hettinger

Grant

Stark Morton

Adams

Emmons Logan

McIntosh

Edmunds

McPherson

Potter Faulk

Walworth

Campbell

Dewey

Ziebach

Sioux

12

12

STANDING ROCK

CHEYENNE RIVER

NORTH DAKOTA SOUTH DAKOTA

RESERVATION OVERVIEW North and South Dakota

index map topicsPAGE 1 of 15

The Standing Rock Reservation is one of seven created for the Sioux Indians It covers 3,625 square miles

in North Dakota and South Dakota, with a total area of 2,320,274.67 acres. reservation is located in Sioux County, N.D. and Corson County, S.D., with

Surface ownership of 1,482,733.6 acres is in State, Federal, and non-Indian lands, comprising 63.90

Of this amount, tribal land consists of 294,840.41 acres (12.71 percent), Tribal ownership of

(6.20 percent) ; tribal ownership of the (2.14 percent) ; non-tribal

(including allotted lands) is 2,055,144.04 (88.57 percent) and the status is uncertain on 71,812.25 acres

Tribal trust acreage administered by the Aberdeen, S.D. Area office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (B.I.A.) amounts to 849,989 acres, which includes

There are three types of land ownership on the Reservation; allotted lands, Allotted land tracts were allotted to the Indians after

These are subject to trust restrictions by the United States Government, but the restrictions can be ended by the Secretary of the Interior if the individual can manage or sell his land without assistance, or if it is in the best interest of the individual and his family for the

Tribal lands are owned by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe and Other lands consist of fee

patent lands, which are acquired through homesteading or by the ending or trust restrictions on allotted lands; also included in this category is Bureau of Indian

On the Standing Rock Reservation, mineral and surface ownership have been

Surface and mineral ownership reside with allottees (or non-Indians, �

Surface and mineral ownership reside with the Standing Rock Sioux �

Tribal ownership of the mineral estate, but not the surface Lands where the tribe may own the minerals but the status is uncertain

mineral leases should direct their inquiries to the Director of Natural Resources Development for the Tribe.

The Standing Rock Reservation is divided into seven principal political districts These consist of the

Bullhead, Little Eagle, and Wakpala In addition there is a representative

Seven councilmen are elected at large annually for two year terms.

The Vice-Chairman, Secretary and/or Treasurer is elected for a one year term from within the council membership.

Of the fourteen Councilmen to be elected at large, four must be residents of the North Dakota portion of the reservation without regard to residence in the districts and two must be residents of South Dakota portion of the reservation

Each of the remaining eight councilmen must be a resident of the district from which he is elected at large by the electors of the entire Reservation, except that two councilmen must be residents of the South Dakota portion of the Little Eagle District.

The Tribal Council is the governing body and it has a regular meeting held Special meetings are held upon the written

request of 7 council members to the Chairman or the Secretary. committees of the tribe can be found in session every week, usually on Thursdays

The Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Government is probably one of the most democratic political institutions

Many other Indian tribes have a similar organization. The Standing Rock Reservation is bounded on the north by Cedar Creek and

the Cannonball River and on the south by the Cheyenne River Indian Lake Oahe and the waters of the Missouri River form the boundary

on the east and the county lines of Adams and Perkins counties form the west

The headquarters for the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe is at Fort Yates, which is McIntosh is the county seat of Corson

The total population of these two counties is 8,626 An estimated 4,700 Indians live on or near the Reservation.

Bismarck, the State Capital of North Dakota is 64 road miles north of Fort Yates and 24 miles from the north boundary of the Reservation. and other types of air transportation can be obtained at the Bismarck Airport. Several landing strips are located on the Reservation near some of the small cities

Hard-surfaced roads cross the Reservation in east-to-west There are several dirt and graveled roads, which allow access

Bus and train transportation meet other requirements. The topography ranges from badlands type, particularly in the northern and

central part of the Reservation, to smooth rounded hills and shallow flat-floored valleys of the Pierre Hills part of the Reservation in South Dakota and in part of

Scattered boulders, which generally are igneous or metamorphic rock types are present in the eastern half or the

They are not indigenous to the Reservation and constitute evidence that glaciers have moved across the land toward the south and west. believed to have been transported from far north in Canada where these rock

Streams adjoining the Reservation that flow throughout the year, in addition to the Missouri River, consist of Cedar Creek and the Cannonball River along the northern boundary and the Grand River in the southern part of the Reservation, which also flows easterly to meet the Missouri River in the Oahe Reservoir. streams have meandered back and forth across their valley floors and by erosion have created steep valley walls; in many places the valley floors range from less than a mile across to as much as 1,000 feet above the valley floors with a few buttes in the eastern and other parts of the Reservation rising an additional several

Benches are prominent along the valleys of the larger streams and represent terraces left by the streams during their

Regional GeologyStanding Rock Reservation

42

41

BF

BK FP

BR

SR

Weldon-Brockton Fault

Cedar C

reek

Anticline

Miles CityArch

Cat Creek Fault

Syncline

Sumatra Syncline

Blood Creek

Willow CreekFault

Lake Basin FaultNye-BowlerFault

Bull Mountains

Basin

WheatlandSyncline

CrazyMountains

Basin

Sw

eetgrass A

rch

Bowdoin

Dom

e Fault

Porcupine Dome

Poplar Fault

Poplar Dome

Nes

son

Ant

iclin

e

BASIN

Wind

River

BASIN

BIGHORN

WIND RIVER

Mtns

Bighorn M

tns

AbsarokaM

tns Owl

Creek Mtns

BeartoothMtns

Pryor Mtns

Little Belt

Mtns

Judith Mtns Big

Snowy Mtns

OVERTHRUST

BELT

Little Rocky Mtns

Bearpaw Uplift

Sweetwater

Uplift

Casper Mtn Fau

lt

Har

tville

Upl

ift

Casper

Arch

RED DESERT BASIN

HANNA BASIN

ALLIANCE BASIN

GREEN RIVER BASIN

WASHAKE BASIN

Rock Springs Uplift

POWDER RIVER

BASIN

Black Hills Uplift

Laramie Mtns

Medicine

Bow

Mtns

Sierra

Madre Mtns

Chadron

Arch

WILLISTON

BASIN

Uinta Mtns

Hogeland Basin

Alberta Shel f 114

112 110 108 106 104 102 100 98 49

48

47

46

45

44

43

105 103 101 99 97

113 111 109 107

NORTH DAKOTA

NEBRASKA

MONTANA

IDAHO WYOMING

UTAH

COLORADO

CANADA

UNITED STATES

EXPLANATION

Precambrian Basement Uplifts

Other Uplifts or Basins

Anticline

Syncline

FaultsCenezoic Volcanic Fields

Reservations X-sectionA A'

BASIN LARAMIE

SOUTH DAKOTA

SR - Standing Rock BR - Fort Berthold FP - Fort Peck

BK - Fort Belknap BF - Blackfeet

Hinsdale

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

-1000

-2000

-3000

-4000

-8000

-7000

-6000

-5000

104 103-30 103 102-30 102 101-30 101 100-30 100 99-30 99 98-30 98

WEST EAST B'B

Standing Rock

Longitude Values (Degrees)

Cambrian

Precambrian

Tertiary

Upper Cretaceous

Niobrara / Greenhorn

Cambrian

Ele

vatio

n (

Fe

et)

SilurianDevonian

Glacial

Muddy / Newcastle Dakota

Lakota

Jurassic Triassic

Permian

Mississippian

Dawson Bay

Ordovician

Lower Cretacous Muddy / Mowry

Tertiary

Upper Cretaceous


Pennsylvanian

Figure SR-1.1. Present day structural features of the northern Rocky Mountain region. Includes major fault zones, uplifts, basins, and reservation areas (modified after Peterson and MacCary, 1987).

North and South Dakota

Producing Horizon Legend (after Geomap Executive Reference Map, 1983)

= Source Rock

PRODUCING HORIZON LEGEND

Judith River

Niobrara

Greenhorn

Dakota Group

Nesson

Spearfish

Minnekahta

Opeche

Minnelusa

Amsden

Heath

Kibbey

Lodgepole

Bakken Three Forks Nisku Duperow Souris River

Winnipegosis

Red River

Winnipeg

Mowry

Muddy

Fall River

Sundance

Canyon Springs

Gypsum

Chugwater

Spearfish

Goose Egg

Minnelusa

Madison

Lance Fox Hills Mesaverde Cody Shannon

Frontier

Mowry Muddy Bear River

Cloverly

Ankareh Thaynes Woodside

Dinwoody

Park City

Weber

Amsden Darwin

Darby

Madison

Lodgepole

Gallatin

Flathead

Blackleaf Bow Island

Cat Creek Moulton

Cut Bank

Amsden

Heath

Kibbey

Sun River

Lodgepole

Three Forks

Nisku Duperow

Souris River

Red River

Flathead

WESTERN WYOMING

SOUTHERN MONTANA

WESTERN NORTHERN MONTANA

WILLISTON BASIN

POWDER RIVER BASIN

SE

RIE

S

SY

ST

EM

ER

A

TE

RT

IAR

Y

CE

NO

ZO

IC

CR

ETA

CE

OU

S

UP

PE

RLO

WE

R

JU

RA

SS

ICT

RIA

SS

ICP

ER

MIA

NP

EN

NS

YLV

AN

IAN

MIS

SIS

SIP

PIA

ND

EV

ON

IAN

S

ILU

RIA

NO

RD

OV

ICIA

NC

AM

BR

IAN

M E

S

O

Z

O

I

CP

A

L

E

O

Z

O

I

C

B

I O

G

E

N

I

C

Sundance

Stump-Preuss

Twin Creek

Ellis Group

Reirdon Sawtooth

WasatchWasatch

Lance

Parkman Sussex Shannon Niobrara

Hell Creek Judith River

Eagle

Niobrara Greenhorn

Winnipeg

Tensleep

Swift Swift

Fort Union Fort Union

Teckla

Teapot

Telegraph Creek

Figure SR-1.4. Producing horizon legend (from Seventh International Williston Basin Symposium Guidebook, 1995).

S

S

S

S

S

S

Fort UnionFort Union

�Morrison

Ellis Group

Reirdon Piper

Morrison Gannet

Morrison Morrison

Nugget Chugwater

Phosphoria

Tyler Tyler

Big Snowy Group

Otter

Madison Group Charles Mission Canyon

Englewood

Mission Canyon

Big Snowy Group

Otter

Madison Group

Charles Mission Canyon

Dawson Bay

Jefferson Jefferson

Interlake Interlake

Stonewall

Stony Mountain Big Horn Big Horn

Deadwood Deadwood Gros Ventre

Emerson

White River Green River Wind River

Fox Hills

Eagle

Mesaverde

Frontier

Niobrara Frontier

Clagget

Dakota

Lakota

Dakota

Kootenai

Sunburst

GEOLOGY OVERVIEW

Figure SR-1.2. Regional North-South cross-section - present day structure - cross-section oriented along 101 degrees longitude with points every half-degree latitude.

A

A'

B B'

North

Regional Geology � The Standing Rock Indian Reservation is located on the southern flank of the Williston Basin, a major intercratonic basin (see Tectonic Map and North-South Cross-Section A-A'). The Reservation is northeast of the Black Hills Uplift and is located in the Missouri River Badlands. It is north of the Sioux Arch. The geologic section is represented by Precambrian metamorphics, Paleozoic carbonates and Jurassic and Cretaceous sandstones. The Paleozoic rocks are mainly dolomites and limestones deposited within the Williston Basin depocenter. Jurassic and Cretaceous Rocks vary from continental to marine sands and shales. Most of the surface units on the Reservation are Cretaceous marine shales and some Tertiary fluvial and swamp deposits. The area has been heavily dissected by erosion in classic "badlands topography" by the Missouri River and its tributaries, the Grand River and the Cannonball River.

Structural Geology � The Standing Rock Indian Reservation is characterized by gently dipping Tertiary and upper Cretaceous units which dip to the northwest at about 10 feet/mile. Due to the lack of well control, only regional dip of units can be implied. A shallow map on the Muddy/Newcastle sandstone shows a structural flexure on the North Dakota state line. Regional geology (see north-south Cross-Section A-A') shows a regional "hinge-line" centered on the Standing Rock / Cheyenne River Reservation boundary. This "flexure" separates the Sioux Arch province from the deep Williston depocenter. The east-west Cross-Section (B-B') shows a high structural ridge at Standing Rock which separates the deeper Williston and Cedar Creek Anticline from the thin, eastern flank of the basin. � A structural high is present east of the Reservation and may correspond to the "Pierre Gas Field". The play summary diagram shows a generalized west to east cross-section through the Reservation, and generalized trap types and lithologies that should be present. The rollover of Cretaceous rocks is based on generalized isopach thicknesses and present day structure.

Geologic History � Two generalized structural cross-sections (see north-south Cross-Section A-A' and east-west Cross-Section B-B') have been constructed to summarize present day structure and older paleostructure. The cross-section uses rock thickness values from each of the geologic periods. The north-south section runs along the 46 degree latitude line and values were selected at intervals of one-half degree longitude. Section B runs along the 101 degree longitude line, with selected values at intervals of 30 minute latitude. The western end of section B-B', near the Montana State Line, is about 3000 feet in elevation. This area is the southern end of the Williston Basin near the Canadian Border and is near the deepest part of the Williston (greater than 10,000 feet). Bakken Shale and Prairie evaporite which are present in the deepest part of the basin, are absent at Standing Rock. To better illustrate the geologic history of the region, which has been influenced by all of these tectonic provinces, a series of paleo cross-sections are shown. Each section summarizes a particular time interval; Cambrian and older rocks, Mississippian to Precambrian, and Upper Cretaceous to Precambrian. A paleo cross-section attempts to show what the subsurface geology may have looked like within that time interval. The rock units above the interval have not yet been deposited; the top of the section is the datum. The datum is flat, representing the paleo ground surface.

Figure SR-1.3. Present Day Structure - Structural cross-section B-B' -cross-section along the 46 Degree latitude line with selected points every half degree of longitude.

Regional North-South Cross-Section Present Day Structure

-6000

-5000

-4000

-3000

-2000

-1000

0

+1000

+2000

+3000

+4000

South Latitude Values (Degrees) Standing RockCheyenne RiverPine Ridge

Rosebud

A' A

TertiaryNiobrara

Greenhorn

Lower Cretaceous

Lakota

Jurassic

Triassic

Pennsylvanian

Mississippian

Devonian

Bakken Shale

Ordovician

Cambrian

Precambrian

Muddy / Newcastle

Permian

Dakota

Silurian Dawson Bay Prairie

Salt

Ele

vatio

n (F

eet)

43 44 45 46 47 48 4943.5 44.5 45.5 46.5 47.5 48.5


Most Likely Hydrocarbon Zones

Rock Reservation are:

1)� Cretaceous Muddy / Dakota: numerous gas and east of the Reservation. Pierre Gas Field. sand bodies; thermal maturity of the area.

2)� Mississippian Shorelines: numerous gas "hinge-line" where shoreline cycles could develop. Bakken source rock boundary.

3)� Ordovician Red River: numerous gas shows Red River production south of Reservation. Stratigraphic traps within Red

position of Reservation.

biogenic gas.

5) � Greenhorn Limestone: biogenic gas.

gas shows "Minnelusa / Leo" equivalent rocks. Probably a long shot.

7) � Turner sandstone: biogenic gas.

biogenic gas.

Dep

th (

Fee

t)

9898.59999.5100100.5101101.5102102.5103103.5104

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

WEST B

EAST B'

Mississippian

Cambrian

Precambrian

Devonian

800

1200 1400

800

Montana

Mississippian

1000

1800

16001400

1200

1000

800

600

400

North Dakota

South Dakota20

040

0

600

1000

800

120014

00

1600

1800

2000

2200

Cambrian and Older � Reservation. units in counties east and south of the Reservation. � eastern Idaho (see map of the Cambrian). from west to east across eastern Montana and the Dakotas.

shales and limestones to the west. (about 200 feet) within Reservation boundaries.

Cambrian to Mississippian � Paleozoic Era.

shales, and evaporites. extended across the Williston and to the west.

Ordovician Red

Harding County, South Dakota. the south and east of the Reservation. 200 feet thick or less. � Within the

southward and eastward.

Englewood. The Sioux Arch,

major faulting. � north and west of the Reservation.

southward. shoreline cycles and porosity development. developed at this time. led to widespread erosion and karstification. to 1500 feet thick.

104 103-30 103 102-30

B WEST

102 101-30

1000

2000

Dep

th (

Fee

t) 101 100-30 100 99-30 99 98-30 98

B'

EAST

Figure SR-2.2.1981, 1984b).

Figure SR-2.1.

Figure SR-2.3.

200

Based on current gas shows and regional hydrocarbon production, regional cross-sections and depositional maps, the most likely plays to develop on the Standing

shows in water wells south Stratigraphic nature of

and oil shows north of the Near the

in adjacent countries.

River, likely, due to regional

4) � Upper Cretaceous Niobrara Chalk:

6) � Pennsylvanian Leo sands: adjacent to Reservation from

8) � Shannon (Eagle) sandstone:

Longitude Values (Degrees) Standing Rock

Silurian

Ordovician

Wyoming

Nebraska

or older rocks exposed at land surface

Thickness in feet of Madison Limestone

Dolomite facies

Primarily limestone and shaly limestone facies

Limit of Charles salt of informal subsurface usage Limit of anhydrite in middle part of Madison Limestone

Approximate limit of the Madison Limestone

Standing Rock

No Cambrian or Precambrian rocks are exposed on the Standing Rock Indian Several wells have penetrated granite and other "Precambrian"

During Cambrian time, a major seaway existed in western Montana and This seaway gradually transgressed

The major source of coarse-grained clastics was to the east (from the Sioux Arch) and graded into

Cambrian rocks are of uniform thickness

The Williston Basin was a stable, shallow marine shelf through most of the (Figure SR-2.3) Ordovician and Silurian Rocks were deposited in

a tidal flat environment with alternating cycles of limestone / dolomite, marine At the end of Silurian time, a regional unconformity

Present thickness of the Ordovician units on the Reservation are from 600 to 800 feet. River porosity cycles formed large stratigraphic traps west of the Reservation in

The Silurian is present but thins rapidly both to Silurian rocks are estimated to be about

Devonian deposition was similar to that during Ordovician time.

Reservation boundaries, these rocks are about 200 to 400 feet thick and thin Bakken Shale (Madison Source Rock) apparently is not

present, although well logs show a thick shale and silt unit known as the The Bakken Shale exists north of the Reservation.

south of the Cheyenne River Reservation, became active during this time, with

By Mississippian time, thick carbonate and evaporite units were deposited A "hinge line" formed possibly related to the

Sioux Arch, and separated the deeper Williston from the shallower area This change of gradient in Mississippian time may have influenced

Waulsortian mounds may have A major unconformity at the end of Mississippian time

Mississippian rocks are about 600

Cambrian

Longitude Values (Degrees)

Standing Rock

Precambrian

Thickness in feet and generalized rock facies of the Madison Group (Mississippian) and equivalent rocks (modified after Peterson,

Paleo Cross-Section B-B' - Cambrian to Basement - Cross-section along the 46 degree latitude line with selected points every half degree of longitude.

Paleo Cross-Section B-B' - Precambrian to Mississippian - Cross-section along the 46 degree latitude line with selected points every half degree of longitude.

Standing Rock Reservation GEOLOGY OVERVIEW index topicsmapGeologic History PAGE 3 of 16North and South Dakota

Geologic History Standing Rock Reservation North and South Dakota

Mississippian to Upper Cretaceous � continuing to rise. Sioux Arch is unknown. Units west of Standing Rock thicken. Pennsylvanian

time. Units are thin to nonexistent.

mature and oil migration begin. � marine carbonate / evaporite sediments. to be about 300 to 400 feet. Arch. � Rock "hinge line". are fluvial deposits from highlands in South Dakota.

migration had begun. �

rocks and deposition of very thick sand units. The

lenticular "offshore sand bars". The � � Dakota consists of numerous "tongues" of sandstone.

� Greenhorn and

and Colorado.

Montana. thermal maturity by this time and oil migration had begun . Tertiary and Younger � were present in the southern Williston. removed by erosion, and the area was uplifted. "hinge line" were activated.

the Badlands.

B B'

Upper Cretaceous

Mississippian

104 103.5 103 102.5 102 101.5 101 100.5 100 99.5 99 98.5 98

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

Ele

vatio

n (F

eet)

Dakota

Lower Cretacous

Jurassic

Triassic

Permian

Devonian

Silurian Figure SR-3.1. Paleo cross-section B-B' containing the Precambrian to Upper Cretaceous section. Cross-section is located along the 46 degree latitude line with selected points every half degree of longitude.

3 34 4

30

4 5

2

0

1

3

3

4

5 43

2 1

0

00

5 6

5

5

6.5

6 54

321

0

0 1 2

3

4

3

4.5

3 2 1 0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0 0

5

6

32

Figure SR-3.2. Thickness of Cretaceous rocks in thousands of feet, showing areas where Tertiary rocks are present. Gas fields producing from Cretaceous sandstones are outlined (modified after McGookey et al. 1972).

GEOLOGY OVERVIEW index map topicsPAGE 4 of 16

By Pennsylvanian time, the Sioux Arch south and east of the Reservation was Whether Pennsylvanian units were deposited on the ancestral

production from eolian deposits exist in Fall River County, South Dakota. Pennsylvanian rocks are about 450 feet thick and thin eastward rapidly. Continued uplifting of the Sioux Arch occurred during Precambrian and Triassic

Depth of burial in the central Williston Basin was sufficient for Ordovician Red River and Silurian Interlake source rocks to

In Jurassic time, the Williston was still the major depocenter for clastic and Thickness of Jurassic rocks is estimated

Jurassic units thin south and east across the Sioux

The early Cretaceous saw reactivation of the Sioux Arch and the Standing Most of the Lakota in the Williston and areas south and west

By this time, Devonian age rocks had probably reached thermal maturity in the center of the basin, and oil

During Skull Creek-Mowry time (Lower Cretaceous), the area east of the Reservation was characterized by continued erosion of exposed Precambrian

This "Dakota" sandstone thins westward and northward toward the Williston and the Black Hills. shoreline, continental sands of the "Dakota" gradually become more marine and

The sands are encased in marine shales. The lowermost "tongue"

surrounded by marine shales, and above the "Dakota" is called the "Muddy", and gas is produced from the "Pierre Gas Field", south and east of the Reservation.

By the Early Cretaceous, the Cretaceous Seaway had established itself, and areas west and south of the Reservation were rapidly subsiding. Niobrara chalks were deposited in the eastern and southern Dakotas, Nebraska,

Eagle and Judith River sands (and the equivalent, Shannon / Sussex sandstones) were deposited in western South Dakota, Wyoming, and

Mississippian and Pennsylvanian rocks in the Williston had reached

In early Tertiary time (Paleocene / Eocene), fluvial and swamp environments These rocks were deposited and later

The Sioux arch and adjacent During the Quaternary, the area was glaciated just to

the northeast of the Reservation and the ancestral Missouri River began eroding

EAST Longitude Values (Degrees) WEST


Muddy / Newcastle

Lakota

Dawson Bay

Ordovician Cambrian

Precambrian

Standing Rock

EXPLANATION

Pre-Cretaceous rocks exposed at land surface

Tertiary rocks present

Standing Rock

Gas field (Cretaceous reservoir)

Reservation:Geologic Province:Province Area:Reservation Area:

Standing RockSouthern Williston BasinWilliston Basin (143,000 sq. miles)3852 sq. miles (2,465,280 acres)

Total Production ( by province-1995)� Oil:� Gas:� NGL:

Williston Basin1435 MMBO1680 BCFG186 MBNGL

Undiscovered resources and numbers of fields arefor Province-wide plays. No attempt has been madeto estimate number of undiscovered fields within theStanding Rock Reservation

Play Type USGS Designation

Unfavorable factorsFavorable factorsDrilling depthsPlay Probability(chance of success)

Undiscovered Resource (MMBOE)Field Size (> 1 MMBOE) min, median, meanKnown AccumulationsOil or GasDescription of Play

Muddy / DakotaDakota / Lakota

1

330733063305

sand bar traps, sands drapedacross anticlinal structures

not estimatedNew play for this area.No previous production;Pierre Gas Field discovered1889; Numerous shows from water wells.

2000 - 4000 ft 1) confirmed play; gas produced outside of reservation2) thermally mature source rocks3) source rocks and reservoir present4) shallow drilling

1) lack of well control2) rough topography3) porosity and facies may be highly variable4) may be all gas and no oil

Both

Madison shoreline/truncation play

2

3101b Cyclic evaporite/ carbonatesequence, structure/stratigraphicupdip pinchout, multiple shorelinecycles

1not

estimated

878 MMBO916.5 BCFG77.9 MMBNGL(numbers include 1, 2,& 3)

4800 - 5900 ft 1) shows in well on reservation2) thermally mature source rocks3) source rocks and reservoir present4) mostly shallow drilling depths

1) lack of well control2) rough topography3) porosity and facies may be highly variable4) seismic may not be able to delineate shoreline trends

Both

3

Niobrara Biogenic GasPlay

4

3113a Niobrara Limestone self-source;Porosity decreased with increasingdepth; Large volume accumulationspossible; May be fractured

10.5

no Niobrara productionin Williston Basin;however, many showsobserved

not estimated180 MMCFG/160 acres (median)256 MMCFG/160 acres (mean)Area of play = 55,000 sq. miles

20,000 sq. miles untested (median)29,958 sq. untested (mean)

500 - 2500 ft 1) large volume play2) shallow drilling depths3) accumulations in stuctural traps4) seismic useful in locating structures

1) lack of well control2) rough topography3) small exploration targets4) lack of reservoir

BiogenicGas

Ordovician Red RiverPlay 1

notestimated

3102 Cyclic evaporite/ carbonatesequence, structure/stratigraphicupdip pinchouts; multiple shorelinecycles

188.3 MMBO555.7 BCFG70.5 MMBNGL

4000 - 6700 ft 1) shows in well on reservation2) thermally mature source rocks3) source rocks and reservoir present4) seismic useful in locating structures

1) lack of well control2) rough topography3) possible small exploration targets

Both

Play Types: Explanation1. Cretaceous Muddy / Dakota (3307) Cretaceous Dakota / Lakota (3306/3305)2. Mississippian Mission Canyon Shoreline Play (3101b)3. Ordovician Red River Play (3102)

4. Cretaceous Pierre / Niobrara-Biogenic Gas Play (3113a)

5. Cretaceous Greenhorn (3113b)

6. Pennsylvanian Leo Sands (3303)7. Cretaceous Carlile Shale / Turner Sandstone (3310)

8. Cretaceous Shannon / Sussex (3312)

Sandstone

Sandstone, siltstone, shale

Shale

Limestone

Dolomite

Igneous / Metamorphic

Gas

Oil

Unconformity

Sandstone Lens

Tertiary

Niobrara

Greenhorn Upper Cretaceous

Jurassic

Mission Canyon

Mississippian

Lodgepole Metamorphosed sedimentary and igneous rocks

No Scale: Cross Section is approximate width of Reservation

Red River

DakotaMuddy

Tertiary4

57

16

7

8

4

5

16

2

2

3

3

West East

TriassicPermian

Pennsylvanian

Devonian

Silurian

OrdovicianCambrian

Figure SR-4.1. Schematic Diagram of Play Types - Standing Rock Reservation.


Table SR-1. Summary of Play Types for the Standing Rock Reservation

North and South Dakota Summary of Play Types

�New Play; no estimate made of Gasreserves; few records kept. PierreGas Field covers several counties.

Median: 600 MMBO (30 fields @ 20MMBO)

Field Size (>1MMBOE)2 MMBO(min) 20 MMBO(max) 5.3 MMBO(mean)

No. of undiscovered fields (> 1 MMBOE)9 (min) 30 (median) 60 (max) 31.9 (mean)numbers include plays 1, 2, & 3

Median: 250 MMBO (25 fields @ 10 MMBO)

Field Size (>1 MMBOE)2 MMBO/10 BCFG(min) 10 MMBO/35 BCFG(max) 2.1 MMBO/11.7 BCFG(mean)No. of undiscovered fields (> 1 MMBOE)5 (min) 25 (median) 50 (max) 26 (mean)

indexmap topicsPAGE 5 of 16

Reservation: Geologic Province: Province Area: Reservation Area:

Standing Rock Southern Williston Basin Williston Basin (143,000 sq. miles) 3852 sq. miles (2,465,280 acres)

Total Production ( by province-1996) � Oil: � Gas: � :

Williston Basin 1435 MMBO 1680 BCFG 186 MBNGL

Undiscovered resources and numbers of fields are for Province-wide plays. No attempt has been made to estimate number of undiscovered fields within the Standing Rock Reservation

Play Type USGS Designation

Unfavorable factorsFavorable factorsDrilling depthsPlay Probability (chance of success)

Undiscovered Resource (MMBOE) Field Size (> 1 MMBOE) min, median, mean

Known AccumulationsOil or GasDescription of Play

Greenhorn Biogenic Gas Play

5

3113b Greenhorn Limestone and other shallow reservoirs self-source; porosity decreases with increasing depth; large volume accumulations possible; may be fractured

1 0.5

No production in Williston Basin; however shows have been observed; log response may be similar to Niobrara

1500 - 2500 ft 1) large volume play 2) shallow drilling depths 3) accumulations in structural traps 4) seismic delineation is useful

1) lack of well control 2) rough topography 3) lack of reservoir 4) small reserves 5) detailed log analysis

Biogenic Gas

Pennsylvanian Leo Sands Play

6

3303 Eolian (sand dune) deposits with evaporite seals; may have structural component

not estimated

No production in Williston Basin; nearest production in Fall River County, South Dakota

3000 - 5000 ft 1) source and reservoir 2) thermally mature source rocks 3) shallow drilling depths 4) Minnelusa / Leo shows in adjacent

counties

1) lack of well control 2) rough topography 3) no production on Reservation

Gas

Carlile / Turner Play

7

3310 Tight marine sandstone bars; equivalent to 1st Frontier in Wyoming; thickness from 5 to 35 feet; stratigraphic trap

1 0.5

No production in Willistion Basin; nearest production in Wyoming; shows in wells south of Reservation

1500 - 2500 ft 1) shows south of Reservation 2) multiple targets; serendipity factor 3) shallow drilling depths

1) lack of good reservoir 2) rough topography 3) lack of well control 4) small targets

Biogenic Gas

Shannon / Sussex Play

8

3312 Shannon is a marine sandstone; longshore bar; thickness 10-30 feet, width from 0.5 to 3 miles, length from 5 to 20 miles

1 0.5

No production in Williston Basin, except Eagle sand equivalent on Cedar Creek Anticline; Shannon produces at Cady Creek and West Short Pine Hills in Harding County, South Dakota

500 - 2000 ft 1) shows in adjacent counties 2) shallow drilling 3) apparent "sandbar" on logs

1) lack of well control 2) rough topography 3) lack of reservoir 4) small targets

Biogenic Gas

not estimated 180 MMCFG/160 acres (median) 256 MMCFG/160 acres (mean) Area of play = 55,000 sq. miles

20,000 sq. miles untested (median) 29,958 sq. mi untested (mean)








Table SR-5.1. Summary of Play Types (continued).

Conventional play type

Unconventional/Hypothetical play type

Summary of Play TypesNorth and South Dakota index map topicsPAGE 6 of 16

4800

4900

5000

5100

5200

5300

5400

5500

5600

5700

5800Duperow

Nisku

Englewood

Lodgepole

Mission Canyon

Resistivity

Scale Change

SP

SP Resistivity

Stony Mtn.

RedRiver

6300

6400

6600

6700

Core"B"

"C"

"D"

DST 1

DST 2

Rec'd 3510 sl. gassyswtr.

Rec'd 450 MC swtr.6500

129

130T

N

23

22

21

T

N

T

N

T

N

T

N

20T

N

19T

N

18T

N

T131

N

T132

N

T133

N

T134

N

R 80 W R 79 WR 82 W R 81 WR 84 WR 85 W R 83 WR 87 WR 88 W R 86 WR 90 W R 89 W

R 18 E R 19 E R 20 E R 21 E R 22 E R 23 E R 24 E R 25 E R 26 E R 27 E R 28 E R 29 E R 30 E

Sioux County North Dakota

Corson County South Dakota

STRUCTURE AND SHOWS

Reservation BoundaryStructure Contour (Dakota-Newcastle-Muddy)

Contour Interval = 100 feet

Shows

Niobrara MississippianGreenhorn Red RiverMuddy / Dakota

Cedar Creek

Canno

nball

River

GrandRiver

LAKE OAHE

-120

0

-110

0

-100

0 -900

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

Figure SR-6.5. Type log for Red River hydocarbon show. From well within reservation boundary (after Howells, 1982).

Figure SR-6.4. Type log of Devonian-Mississippian section in central Williston Basin (after Howells, 1982).

Figure SR-6.3. Structure contour map (top Dakota-Newcastle-Muddy) across reservation. Hydrocarbon shows indicated by formation (after Howells, 1982).

Induction LogSPCurve

I. J. Wilhite, State No. 1SE, SW 36T22N, R21EKB 2226

Niobrara

Greenhorn

BelleFouche

Mowry

Muddy

SkullCreek

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2600

2700

2800

2900

3000

3100

3200

Standing Rock ReservationNorth and South Dakota

INTRODUCTION

Figure SR-6.1. Regional Production and Shows for Standing Rock Reservation. The regional map shows areas of oil and gas production or areas where hydrocarbon shows were encountered in the vicinity of Standing Rock Reservation (red outline). The colors correspond to the stratigraphic formation or interval in which the production or show is associated (after United States Geological Survey, 1996).

Standing Rock ReservationGeneral Production Information

U.S.G.S. Geological Province: � � Williston Basin (031)

Tectonic Province: � � � Southern Edge Williston Basin

Overall Production from U.S.G.S.Play Production Province:� � See Individual Play Descriptions

Fields outside reservation boundaries: (1995 Cumulative Production)

(1954) Buffalo Field: 19.8 MMBO, 47.2 MMCF, 93 wells (Red River-Harding � �� County)(1971) Lantry: 135 MBO, 1 well (Red River-Dewey County)(1975) Jones Creek: 517 MBO, 3.6 MMCF, 3 wells (Red River-Harding County)(1959) Barker Dome: 217 MBO, 4 wells (Leo sands-Fall River County)(1981) Alum Creek: 2.1 MMBO, 3.3 MMCF, 5 wells (Leo sands-Fall River � � County)(1977) West Short Pine Hills: 15.2 MMCF, 43 wells (Shannon-Harding County)(1979) Cady Creek: 2.1 MMCF, 10 wells (Shannon-Harding County)(1989) Pierre Gas Field: unknown; supplied gas to the city of Pierre until the � � mid-1960's; volume produced is unknown (Dakota / Muddy-Hughes, � � Stanley Counties)

Shows encountered within reservation boundaries: Red River, Mission Canyon,Greenhorn, Dakota / Muddy, Minnelusa (?), Niobrara

Figure SR-6.2. Type log of Lower Cretaceous section in South Dakota (after Howells, 1982).

T

T

T

T

T

Regional Production and Shows

SLOPE

BOWMAN

HETTINGERGRANT

MORTON

EMMONS

SIOUX

CORSON

CAMPBELL

WALWORTH

STANLEYHAAKON

ZIEBACH

DEWEY

PERKINSHARDING

ADAMS

BUTTE

MEADE

PENNINGTON

STANDING ROCK RESERVATION

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Pierre/Shannon

GreenhornT

Muddy/Dakota

Dakota/LakotaMinnelusa/Leo

Mississippian

ReservationBoundary

L

L L L

Turner

Red River

Niobrara

Structural Elements

Standing Rock reservation area is underexplored with numerous exploration possibilities in biogenic gas and stratigraphic pinchout horizons. Further drilling and seismic analysis should delineate exploration targets within this area.

Regional Production Overviewindexmap topicsPAGE 7 of 16

SLOPE HETTINGER

GRANT EMMONS

CORSON

CAMPBELL

DEWEY

PERKINS HARDING

MEADE

Pierre Gas Field

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Figure SR-7.2. Contour interval is 20 feet. Note location of cross-section A-A' (after Bolyard, 1969).

A

Wilhite

-500

2500

3000

3500

3000

2500

2500

3000

3500

A'

Greenhorn Limestone

Belle Fourche Shale

Mowry Shale

Muddy Fm.

Skull Creek Shale

Fall River Fm.

Lakota Fm.

Figure SR-7.4. Type log of Muddy Formation within reservation (after Bolyard, 1969).

Figure SR-7.1.hydrocarbon shows.

80 40

80 40

80 60 40

Channel Sands

Outcrop Belt (x=ss)x

x

x

x

B

20

80 400

0

204020

200

0 40 B'

0

20200

20

0

20

20

0

SiouxUplift

0 40

0

20 40

A

A'

Lim

it

of

Mow

ry

Shale

Sandstone

Dakot

a

Und

iffer

entia

ted

Bar Sands

Reservation Boundary

PLAY TYPE 1 Cretaceous Muddy / Dakota Play / Lakota Play General Characteristics- Normally considered a Powder River Basin Play, the

The

Pierre since 1889.

structure. � The

the Powder River Basin.

sand lenses. � Gas analysis of

Some of Shows on the

SIOUX

Figure SR-7.3.across Muddy Formation facies within reservation. relationship of the sandstone and shale in this interval


Pierre Field Parameters

Formation:� Cretaceous Dakota / Muddy / Lakota

Lithology: � sandstone

Average Depth:� 1000 to 1500 feet

Porosity:� unknown

Permeability:� unknown; but probably very high

Oil / Gas Column:� unknown

Average Net Pay Thickness:� variable

Other Information: gas was produced from 1889 to mid-1960s; poor records

content 3 to 5%

Bell Creek Field Parameters Field parameters from other Muddy Formation production.

This field located in Powder River Basin.

Formation:� Cretaceous Muddy

Lithology: � white, very fine-grained sandstone

Average Depth: � 4500 feet

Porosity: � 27%

Permeability: � 1700 md

Oil / Gas Column: � two separate gas reservoirs

Average Net Pay Thickness: � 24 feet

Other Shows: � none reported

Other Information: oil gravity 34 API; discovered 1967; cumulative

Muddy

Section

se, sw section 36 T22N, R21E KB 2226

Induction LogSP

2900

3000

3100

3200

Muddy

Skull Creek I. J. Wilhite, State No. 1

Muddy/Dakota

Structural Elements

Muddy / Dakota

Production and Shows

BOWMAN

MORTON

WALWORTH

STANLEY HAAKON

ZIEBACH

ADAMS

BUTTE

PENNINGTON


Distribution of facies and isopach thickness of Muddy Formation. Note the position of channel sands within the reservation boundary.

Kilroy Youngblood

Standing Rock

General location map of reservation indicating position of Muddy/Dakota

Marine Shale

Oil Show

Gas Show Muddy Formation Isopach (Net Porous Sandstone)

Dakota / Newcastle / Muddy has potential in this part of the Williston Basin. Pierre Gas Field, located in Hughes and Stanley Counties, supplied gas to the city of

The Dakota sandstone is a continental to nearshore fluvial deposit. (see figure SR-7.2) The Dakota is an aquifer near Pierre and to the north and east, however gas has been produced from dozens of water wells, possibly trapped by local

West of Pierre, the Dakota splits into nearshore and marine sandstone lenses. lowermost, commonly called the Newcastle / Muddy, is equivalent to the Muddy of

South of Pierre, the Dakota may have "Lakota" present, which would be Lower Cretaceous and is more continental than the marine Muddy

Source rock would be the Skull Creek and Mowry marine shales. the Pierre gas is mainly methane with small amounts of ethane and propane. the gas contains significant volumes of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. reservation include gas-cut salt water and flammable gas on DST's.

Cross-section A-A' (see figure SR-7.2. for location of cross-section) Shows the stratigraphic pinch out

(after Bolyard, 1969).

Nearest Muddy Formation hydrocarbon production to reservation

were kept; but numerous wells drilled had flow rates between 25,000 cfpd to 85,000 cfpd; gas is methane with traces of ethane and propane; nitrogen

production (1995) estimated at 100 MMBO; pure stratigraphic trap

Type

Curve

Mowry

Standing Rock Reservation CONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPE 1 index topicsmapNorth and South Dakota Cretaceous Muddy/Dakota/Lakota Play PAGE 8 of 16

�

�

Canada

U.S.A.

Carnduff

Elmore

Mouse River Park

Lake

Darling

Lone Tree

Wabek

Plaza

Lucky Mound

Centennial

Sherwood Shoreline

Burke

North Dakota

Renville

Bottineou

Mountrail

Ward McHenry

McLean

North Dakota

shown Area

Figure SR-8.3. Sherwood Shoreline trend and position of major oil fields (after Sperr, et al, 1993).

R 87 WR 88 W

Plaza Field

(Bluell Production)

Wabek Field

(Sherwood Prod.)

T 153 N

T 152 N

-5200

-5300

-5400

-5500

Figure SR-8.4. Sherwood structure map containing Plaza and Wabek fields (after Sperr, et al, 1993).

General Characteristics - This play is an extension of the northeast shelf play which produces from Sherwood and Bluell porosity cycles.

� � �

The updip seal can either be an evaporite or a shale. shales within the evaporite sequence. center of the basin and immature on the flanks. migration is thought to have occurred in Late Cretaceous.

Mississippian time. just outside the reservation boundaries.

Analog Fields (outside Reservation)

Plaza:� � 2.6 MMBO, 1.7 MMCF, from 20 wells, 3-4 MMBO � � � � ultimate (Bluell)

Wabek: 5.1 MMBO, 3.6 MMCF, from 18 wells, 6-7 MMBO � � � � ultimate (Sherwood)

Figure SR-8.2. General location map of reservation indicating position of

Figure SR-6.1. Thickness in feet and generalized rock facies of the Madison Group (Mississippian) and equivalent rocks (modified (after Peterson, 1981, 1984b).

800

1200 1400

800

Montana

1000

1800

16001400

1200

1000

800

600

400

North Dakota

South Dakota20

040

0

600

1000

800

120014

00

1600

1800

2000

2200

Mississippian or older rocks exposed at land surface

Primarily limestone and shaly limestone facies

subsurface usage

of Madison Limestone

Wabek Field Parameters

Formation:� Mississippian Mission Canyon, Sherwood � subinterval

Lithology:� light brown to brown, peloidal, oolitic, pisolitic, � � � intraclastic and composite grain wackestone � � to grainstone


Porosity:� intergranular, vugular, and interparticle, 6-26%; � � � average of 10%

Permeability:� unknown

Oil / Gas Column:� 100 feet

Average Net Pay Thickness:� 26 feet

Other Shows:� information not available

Other Information:

Plaza Field Parameters

Formation:� Mississippian Mission Canyon, Bluell subinterval

Lithology:� light brown to brown, peloidal, oolitic, pisolitic, � � � intraclastic and composite grain wackestone� � to grainstone


Porosity:� intergranular, vugular, and intraparticle, 6-16%


Oil / Gas Column: � at least 120 feet, oil / water contact is currently � unknown� � �


Other Shows:� information not available

SLOPE HETTINGER

GRANT EMMONS

CORSON

CAMPBELL

PERKINS HARDING

MEADE

DEWEY

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Mississippian

Structural Elements


SIOUX

Mississippian

PLAY TYPE 2

Mississippian Shoreline Play

The Mississippian subcrops (truncated by Triassic Spearfish), in descending order eastward: Midale, Bluell, Sherwood, Mohall, Glenburn, Landa, Wayne, and finally Lodgepole.

Several of the lower cycles should be present on the reservation. Reservoirs are dolomitized carbonates of either algal, oolitic, or bioherm banks in one or more of the above mentioned intervals.

Source rock could be the Bakken Shale or one of the marine Source rocks are thermally mature in the

Onset of oil generation and Time regional cross-

sections indicate the presence of a paleoridge and shelf area during Devonian and Bakken Shale is apparently on the north side of this ridge,

Shows in the Mississippian include oil staining in core, oil flecks, gas and mud emulsion, and free gas recovery on DST.

� �

Mississippian hydrocarbon shows (after Peterson and MacCary, 1987).

Wyoming

Nebraska

Thickness in feet of Madison Limestone

Dolomite facies

Approximate limit of the Madison Limestone

Standing Rock

Limit of Charles salt of informal

Limit of anhydrite in middle part

due to the shoreline sequences, lower cycles may exist at Standing Rock as opposed to the Sherwood / Bluell cycles; detailed log correlation from the center of the basin would be required to determine which cycles are present

BOWMAN

MORTON

WALWORTH

STANLEY HAAKON

ZIEBACH

ADAMS

BUTTE

PENNINGTON



Standing Rock Reservation CONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPE 2 index topicsmapNorth and South Dakota Mississippian Shoreline Play PAGE 9 of 16

0

-2600

Montana

110 105 100

48

46

44

42

300

100 300

300

500

300

700 500

500

300

100

North Dakota

SLOPE HETTINGER

GRANT EMMONS

CORSON

CAMPBELL

DEWEY

PERKINS HARDING

MEADE

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Figure SR-9.1.equivalent rocks (after Peterson; 1981, 1984b).

Figure SR-9.2. General location map of reservation indicating position of Red River hydrocarbon shows.

5/932: BOPD / BWPD

Oil Gas Mud

Core w/ oil stain

Ziebach County

45/130

25 / 650 65 bopd

24 / 62 10 / 75

240 / 960

4 / 7

5 / 932

R 21 E R 22 E

2 N

T 1 3 N

T 1

-2800

-2700

-2600

-2600

-2700

-2800

-2600

-2800

Lantry Field

Figure SR-9.3. Structure contour map and production of Red River Fm, Lantry Field.


PLAY TYPE 3

Ordovician Red River Play

General Characteristics - The Red River Formation is the second most productive formation in the Williston Basin.

source, and seal. � Creek Anticline.

County are thought to be primarily stratigraphic traps. � pinches out on the basin flanks. River Formation are thought to be the primary source rock. Hydrocarbon

�

in core, and gas and oil cut mud and water on DST's.

Lantry Field Parameters

Formation: � Ordovician Red River

Lithology: � limestone / dolomite


Porosity: � 10%

Permeability: � unknown

Oil / Gas Column: � unknown


Other Formations with Shows:� Mission Canyon, � Stony Mountain, and Red River

Other Information: initial IP 24 BOPD; gravity 22 API; 62 BWPD; cumulative

water.

SIOUX

Buffalo Field Parameters (an example of Cedar Creek Anticline production)

Formation: � Ordovician Red River

Lithology: � limestone / dolomite


Porosity: � 20%


Oil / Gas Column: � unknown


Other Formations with Shows:� Charles and Red River

Other Information:

stratigraphic trap

CONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPE 3 Ordovician Red River PlayNorth and South Dakota

200

Explanation


Structural Elements


Wyoming

Nebraska

South Dakota

Approximate limit of the Red River Fm. Ordovician or older

rocks exposed at land surface Thickness in feet of Red River Formation

Dolomite facies

Limestone and Dolomite facies

Oilfield, Red River reservoir

BOWMAN

MORTON

WALWORTH

STANLEY HAAKON

ZIEBACH

ADAMS

BUTTE

PENNINGTON


Thickness in feet and generalized rock facies of the Red River (Ordovician) and

Dewey County, South Dakota Red River Production,

and Structure

Water

C.I.: 25 feet

Dewey County

Lantry

Reservoirs are dolomites and dolomitic limestones formed from bioclastic mounds and tidal flat deposits. Cyclic episodes of carbonate, evaporite, and organic rich shale provide reservoir,

Major accumulations are found on structural noses such as Nesson and Cedar Smaller fields are found in fold structures draped over

basement fault blocks, or small, carbonate mounds. Accumulations in Harding

Source rock is thermally mature to overmature at the basin center, and Winnipeg shale and marine shale of the Red

generation and migration is estimated to have begun in Late Paleozoic time. The nearest Red River production is thirty miles south of the reservation in

Dewey County. Shows are present within the reservation and include oil staining

production (1995) 135 MBO, 5.2 MMBW, 1 well; Dewey County; primarily a structural / stratigraphic trap; also produces large volumes of 140 degree formation

initial IP 80 BOPD; gravity 30 API; 200 BWPD; cumulative � production (1995) 19.8 MMBO, 47.2 MMCF, 93 wells; Harding County; primarily a

Red River Production and Shows

Red River

Induction LogSP

1800

1900

2000

2100

Niobrara Type SectionI.J. Wilhite State No. 1SE SW 36T 22 N, R 21 EKB 2226

Niobrara

Gamma Ray Porosity (LS) Porosity (LS)

Neutron Porosity

Crossoverin Gas Zone

Slight Crossoverin Gas Zone

Neutron PorosityDensity Porosity

Run One - soon afterdrilling gas zone

Run Two - 17 days afterdrilling gas zone

0 200 60 45 30 15 60 45 30 15

PIE

RR

EN

IOB

RA

RA

Sm

oky

Hill

Mem

ber

Sha

ron

Spr

ings

25002600

25002600

2800 2800

2600

2500

25002400

2300

2200

2200

Cheyenne Co.Sherman Co.

Wheeler

BenkelmanLow

2100

CherryCreek, East

St. Francis

2100

2000

2000

Armel

BeecherIsland

Vernon

2000

Low

Low

Col

orad

o

Kan

sas

R44W 43 42 41 40 39 38 R37W

T1S

2

3

4

5

Figure SR-10.6. Structure map on top of the Niobrara Formation, northwestern Kansas showing a Niobrara gas field (in red). Contour interval is 100 feet. Hypothetical or unconventional play analog for Ft. Berthold reservation (after Lockridge and Pollastro, 1988).

Formations

Ser

ies

Sys

tem

Tert

iary

Pale

oce

ne

Fort Union Formation

Hell Creek Formation

Fox Hills Sandstone

Bearpaw Shale

Judith River Formation

Claggett Shale PierreShale

EagleSandstone Gammon

Shale

Niobrara Formation

Carlile Shale

Greenhorn Formation

Up

per

Cre

tace

ou

s

Lo

wer

Belle Fourche Shale

Mowry Shale

Muddy Sandstone

Skull Creek Shale

Fall River Sandstone

Kootenai Formation

Sunburst SS Mbr.

Cut Bank SS Mbr.unconformity

Morrison Formation

Jura

ssic

Up

pe

r

unconformity

nonmarine rocks

coastalsandstones

calcareous rocks

marine siltstonesand shales

Figure SR-10.3. General correlation chart of Cretaceous rocks in Rice and Shurr's study area (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-10.4. Niobrara type section (after Lockridge and Pollastro, 1988).

Figure SR-10.5. Example of effect of driling time and invasion on density and neutron porosity logs (FDC and CNL). J-W Operating No. 2 Kitzmiller, NW NW Sec. 4, 4-T3N-R45W, Yuma County, Colorado(after Lockridge and Pollastro, 1988).

burial > 3000'Ø could be<35%

burial between3000-4000'Ø could be30-35%

Lim

it

ofoccurre

nceof

Nio

brar

a F

m.

Area

ofburial

below4000'

3000'

NorthDakota

SouthDakota

Nebraska

Kansas

OklahomaNewMexico

Colorado

Wyoming

Montana

Figure SR-10.1. Regional map indicating burial depth of Niobrara and possible porosity in the area (after Lockridge and Pollastro, 1988).

Figure SR-10.2. General location map of reservation indicating position of Niobrara hydrocarbon shows (after United States Geological Survey, 1996).


PLAY TYPE 4Cretaceous Pierre / Niobrara Biogenic Gas Play

General Characteristics- Upper Cretaceous Niobrara is a chalk and calcareous shale that covers most of the western interior from Kansas and Eastern Colorado into the Dakotas. It is assumed that a Niobrara gas play similar to the eastern Denver Basin (Beecher Island Field, Goodland Field) exists in the southern Williston Basin. Niobrara production in the Denver Basin is considered a self-sourced, continuous extent gas field.� Estimated thickness of the Niobrara would be greater that 100 feet, and depth of burial is less than 1000 feet. Area of subcrop or outcrop might affect gas generation. Areal extent of production might be as small as 25 square miles.� Shows on the Reservation include gas encountered in the Niobrara section, and bleeding gas from fractures in Niobrara core. Shows are present outside of the Reservation in Dewey County (high background gas in the Niobrara), Perkins County (high background gas in Niobrara) and in Stanley and Haakon Counties (free gas has been encountered, which is mainly methane with trace amounts of ethane and propane, and gas flares).

Unconventional/Hypothetical Play Type 4

NiobraraProduction and Shows

SLOPE

BOWMAN

HETTINGERGRANT

MORTON

EMMONS

SIOUX

CORSON

CAMPBELL

WALWORTH

STANLEYHAAKON

ZIEBACH

DEWEY

PERKINSHARDING

ADAMS

BUTTE

MEADE

PENNINGTON

STANDING ROCKRESERVATION

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Structural Elements


Niobrara

Cretaceous Pierre / Niobrara Biogenic Gas Play indexmap topicsPAGE 11 of 16

CretaceousEpeiric Seaway

United States

Mexico Cuba

Canada

Alaska Greenland



0

Figure SR-11.3. Paleogeographic map of North America during Late Cretaceous time, showing the extent of the Cretaceous seaway (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-11.4. Greenhorn type section (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

112 110 108 106 104 102

48

47

46

45

44

49United States

LimestoneShaly LimestoneShaleSandstoneShaly Sandstone

Explanation

No

rth

Dak

ota

So

uth

Dak

ota

Formations

Ser

ies

Sys

tem

Te

rtia

ry

Pa

leo

cen

eFort Union Formation

Hell Creek Formation

Fox Hills Sandstone

Bearpaw Shale

Judith River Formation

Claggett Shale PierreShale

EagleSandstone Gammon

Shale

Niobrara Formation

Carlile Shale

Greenhorn Formation

Up

per

Cre

tace

ou

s

Lo

wer

Belle Fourche Shale

Mowry Shale

Muddy Sandstone

Skull Creek Shale

Fall River Sandstone

Kootenai Formation

Sunburst SS Mbr.

Cut Bank SS Mbr.unconformity

Morrison Formation

Jura

ssic

Up

pe

r

unconformity

nonmarine rocks

coastalsandstones

calcareous rocks

marine siltstonesand shales

Figure SR-11.5. Facies map for interval 2 (Belle Fourche, Greenhorn, and equivalents) (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-11.1. General correlation chart of Cretaceous rocks in Rice and Shurr's study area - Montana, Wyoming, North and South Dakota (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).


SP Induction Log

2500

2600

2700

Greenhorn

Belle Fouche

GreenhornType

Section

I.J. Wilhite State No. 1

SE SW 36

T 22 N, R 21 E

KB 2226

PLAY TYPE 5

Cretaceous Pierre / Greenhorn Limestone Play

General Characteristics - The Greenhorn limestone is located below the Niobrara chalk member, and is a regional, transgressive limestone and chalk that covers most of the Williston and parts of the Denver basin and Eeast Flank of the Balck Hills. Although not normally considered a hydrocarbon producer, regional studies (Rice and Shurr, 1980) suggest the Greenhorn may have biogenic gas potential.� Greenhorn and Peirre shows have been encountered within reservation boundaries (bleeding gas from Greenhorn samples), and south of the reservation in Haakon County (flares of gas, and gas cut mud of DST).

Figure SR-11.2. General location map of reservation indicating position of Greenhorn hydrocarbon shows (after United States Geological Survey,1996).

Unconventional/Hypothetical Play Type 5

SLOPE

BOWMAN

HETTINGERGRANT

MORTON

EMMONS

SIOUX

CORSON

CAMPBELL

WALWORTH

STANLEYHAAKON

ZIEBACH

DEWEY

PERKINSHARDING

ADAMS

BUTTE

MEADE

PENNINGTON


BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WHITEW

OO

D ANTICLINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Structural Elements


Greenhorn

GreenhornProduction and Shows

Cretaceous Pierre / Greenhorn Limestone Play

Montana

Wyoming

Canada

indexmap topicsPAGE 12 of 16

Alum Creek

Edgemont

NE Indian Creek

Indian Creek

Red Bird

Mule Creek

32N

35N

12S

3S

9E1E

29N

Cotto

nwoo

d Cr

eek

Chi

lson

Cas

cade

Wyo

min

g

Muddy

Sundance

Spearfish

Goose Egg

Minnekahta

Minnelusa

"Leo"

Atokan

Bell Madison

Scale

0 100 200

500

Minnelusa / Leo

SLOPE HETTINGER

GRANT EMMONS

CORSON

CAMPBELL

DEWEY

PERKINS HARDING

MEADE

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Figure SR-12.1.hydrocarbon shows.


Figure SR-12.2. Generalized stratigraphic section of the Upper Pennsylvanian interval (after Cardinal and Sherer, 1984).

Figure SR-12.3. Index map of Pennsylvanian Leo producing fields (after Cardinal and Sherer, 1984).

PLAY TYPE 6 Pennsylvanian Leo Play

General Characteristics - Usually a Powder River Basin Play, the Leo Sand

pinchouts are more common. about 18 feet thick at Alum Creek Field reservoir. sandwiched between layers of dolomite and anhydrite. � Source rock for the Leo is organic rich marine shale.

�

Perkins County. methane through butane being recorded. County.

Datum

A Placid Oil Placid Oil A'

East

KB 4034' KB 3981' KB 3978' KB 4063'

Sandstone porosity > 10%

Sandstone porosity < 10%

Explanation

Per

mia

n P

enns

ylva

nian

V

irgil

Des

Moi

nes

Mis

sour

i A

toka

Le

o 1

Leo

2Le

o 3

Leo

4Le

o 5

3300

3400

3500

3600

3300

3400

3500

3300

3400

3500

3300

3400

32

00

3200

31

00

3300

3400

3500

3600

3700

Figure SR-12.5.

R 1 E

T 1 0 S

T 1 1 s

9 10

234

33 34 35

A'

A

B

B'

Gas-Oil contact

Alum Creek Uni

map on top of porosity 10 20 30

Zone of Oil Production

Zone of Gas Production

600

600

700

Alum Creek Field

SIOUX

Minnelusa

Structural Elements


Figure SR-12.4. Structure contour map indicating areas of production found in the Alum Creek Field (after Cardinal and Sherer, 1984).

Alum Creek Field Parameters Formation:� Pennsylvanian Leo

Lithology:� fine to medium grained, � sub-angular to rounded, quartz-rich � sandstone

Average Depth:� 3400 feet

Porosity:� 17%

Permeability:� 2 to 493 md, average 68 md

Oil / Gas Column:� oil 76 feet � gas 29 feet


Other Shows:� Upper Minnelusa, 4th Leo Sand

Other Information:

wells.

UNCONVENTIONAL / HYPOTHETICAL PLAY TYPE 6Pennsylvanian Leo Play


North and South Dakota

Barker Dome

Cow Gulch

Dewey Plum Canyon

Nebraska

ALUM CREEK

61W

49W 61W

57W

Niobrara

Carlile

Greenhorn

Dakota (Fall River)

Morrison

Red Shale Marker

Pennsylvanian

Feet


BOWMAN

MORTON

WALWORTH

STANLEY HAAKON

ZIEBACH

ADAMS

BUTTE

PENNINGTON


General location map of reservation indicating position of Minnelusa/Leo

and carbonate units produce on the north flank of the Black Hills at Alum Creek and Barker Dome Fields. (Nebraska) Structural traps are rare, while stratigraphic

The Leo is described as an eolian deposit, which is Sandstone units are

In the Powder River Basin, thermal maturity and migration coincide with Laramide uplift.

A "Minnelusa Age" gas show was encountered at Standing Rock (background gas increase), and shows have been encountered west of the Reservation in

Typical shows are gas increases above background with Shows have been recorded in Haakon

Structural

West

Apache Corp. Fed. Alum Creek 4-1 Sec. 4, T11S-R1E

Apache Corp. 3-1 Alum Creek Fed. Sec. 3, T11S-R1E

Apache Corp. 3-4 Alum Creek Fed. Sec. 3, T11S-R1E

Fed. 3-9 Sec. 3, T11S-R1E

Fed. 2-12 Sec. 2, T11S-R1E

Cross-section A-A' west to east, Alum Creek field, illustrating the stratigraphic relationship of the 2nd Leo porous interval highlighted (after Cardinal and Sherer, 1984).

Discovery Well

Oil-Water contact determined by structure

Zone of Water Production

Fall River County, South Dakota

Datum - Top Missouri - "2nd Leo" C.I. : 25 feet

Isopach - "2nd Leo" Porosity > 10% I.I. : 10 feet

stratigraphic-structural; initial discovery 1642 MCFGPD, oil gravity is 33 API; cumulative production is 2.1 MMBO and 3.3 MMCF gas from 5

Shaly Limestone Shale Sandstone

Explanation

11 11 108 106 104 102 49

48

47

46

45

44

Canada

United States

Montana

Wyoming

North Dakota

South Dakota

Montana

Hill Creek

Eastend Fm.

Battle Fm.

Oldman Fm.

Claggett Shale

Eagle SS Gammon Shale

Medicine Hat SS

First Whit

Fish Scale SS

Muddy SS

Shale

Shale

Col

orad

o G

roup

B

elle

Edm

on-

ton

Gp.

Gre

en

horn

Fm

.

T

T

T

T

T

SLOPE HETTINGER

GRANT EMMONS

SIOUX

CORSON

CAMPBELL

DEWEY

PERKINS HARDING

MEADE

T

BLACK HILLS

UPLIFT

WHITEW

OO

D ANTICLINE

CEDARCREEKANTICLINE

Cretaceous Epeiric Seaway

United States

Mexico Cuba

Canada

Alaska Greenland



0

BEARPAW MTNS

DOWDOIN DOME

FOX HILLS SS

BEARPAW SHALE

ST MARY RIVER FM

JUDITH RIVER FM

ARDMORE BENTONITE BED

PIERRE SHALE

WEST FLANK WILLISTON BASIN

HELL CREEK FM.

CLAGGETT SHALE

EAGLE SS

VIRGELLE SS

MARIAS RIVER SHALE

TELEGRAPH CREEK FM.

GAMMON SHALE

NIOBRARA FM

MOWRY SHALE

CARLILE SHALEBELLE FOURCHE SH

BLACKLEAF FM

VAUGHN MBR

MUDDY SS

SKULLCREEK SHALE

Upper CretaceousLower Cretaceous

GREENHORN FM

TW

O M

ED

ICIN

E F

OR

MA

TIO

N

BEARPAW SHALE HORSETHIEF SANDSTONE FOX

HILLS SS

WILLOW CREEK FM (PART)

NONMARINE ROCKS

COASTAL SANDSTONE

CALCAREOUS SHALE CHALK & LIMESTONE

MARINE SHALE & SILTSTONE

90 Mi 150 Mi180 Mi

GLACIER NAT'L PARK

A A'

Figure SR-13.2.shows (after United States Geological Survey, 1996).

Figure SR-13.3. Paleographic map of North America during Late Cretaceous time, showing the extent of the Cretaceous seaway (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-13.1. Regional north- south cross-section (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-13.5.Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-13.4. Correlation chart of selected Cretaceous rocks in

Turner

Structural Elements


Cretaceous Carlile Shale / Turner Sandstone Play

General Characteristics - Usually considered a Powder River Basin Play, has potential in this part of the Williston Basin. is on the shallow eastern flank of the Powder River Basin. The Turner is marine

containing chert, interstitial clay and lithic fragments.

�

gas kicks).

Series Southeastern

Alberta North Central

Frenchman Fm.

Fox Hills SS Whitemud Fm.

Bearpaw Shale Bearpaw Shale

Judith River Fm. Foremost Fm.

Pakowki Fm.

Telegraph Creek Fm. Milk River Equiv.

Specks

Second White Specks

Second White Specks SS

Bow Island Fm.

Mowry Shale

Belle Fourche

Mosby SS Mbr.

Carlile Shale

Niobrara Fm.

Nonmarine Rocks

Marine

Marine Siltstone &

Presently Producing Gas Interval Interval with potential for gas production from low-permeability reservoirs

Riv

erG

roup

Turner Shows

BOWMAN

MORTON

WALWORTH

STANLEY HAAKON

ZIEBACH

ADAMS

BUTTE

PENNINGTON


General location map of reservation indicating Turner hydrocarbon facies map for interval 3 (Carlile and equivalents). (after

north-central Montana and southeastern Alberta showing currently productive intervals and those with potential for gas production from low-permiability reservoirs (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

PLAY TYPE 7

The Turner Sandstone in Wyoming

sandstone, from 5 to 35 feet thick, and is generally a tight reservoir rock, It is approximately

equivalent to the 1st Frontier sands on the west flank of the Powder River Basin. Although no shows in the Turner have been encountered within the

Reservation, many shows have been evaluated in Haakon County (gas increase,

Standing Rock Reservation UNCONVENTIONAL/HYPOTHETICAL PLAY TYPE 7 index topicsmapNorth and South Dakota Cretaceous Charlie Shale / Turner Sandstone Play PAGE 14 of 16

1 4

Calcareous Shale

Chalk

Sandstone

Shale

Explanation NW

SE

Eagle Sandstone

of Pierre ShaleShannon Sandstone Member

Gammon Shale

Montana NW SE

1 2 3 4

0

0 0

0 0

10

10

10 0

20 0

20

10 0

0

10

20

10 0

0

0 10

0

0

103104105106

46

45 Montana

Wyoming

North Dakota

South Dakota

30

A

B C

D Montana

Williston Basin

Hills Basin

44

45

46

106 104

Coastal Plain

Uplands

Shelf

Pierre / Shannon Production and Shows

SLOPE

BOWMAN

HETTINGER GRANT

MORTON

EMMONS

SIOUX

CORSON

CAMPBELL

WALWORTH

STANLEYHAAKON

ZIEBACH

DEWEY

PERKINS HARDING

ADAMS

BUTTE

MEADE

PENNINGTON


WH

ITEWO

OD

ANTIC

LINE

�

CEDAR�CREEK�

ANTICLINE

�

CONVENTIONAL PLAY TYPE 8 Cretaceous Shannon / Sussex Sands Play

Standing Rock Reservation North and South Dakota

Cretaceous Shannon / Sussex Sands Play

General Characteristics- Normally a Powder River Basin Play, the Shannon / The

the Eagle Sandstone at Cedar Creek Anticline.

Fields, in Harding County. �

5 to 30 miles long. � Source rock is the Niobrara Formation and Carlile Shales. In this area,

�

may be in Shannon equivalent rocks.

Figure SR-14.5. spontaneous potential (SP) logs. deflection from a shale baseline.

Figure SR-14.2.seaway during the Campanian.

Shurr et al, 1988).

Montana

Hill Creek

Eastend Fm.

Battle Fm.

Oldman Fm.

Claggett Shale

Eagle SS Gammon Shale

Medicine Hat SS

First Whit

Fish Scale SS

Muddy SS

Shale

Shale

Col

orad

o G

roup

B

elle

Riv

erG

roup

Edm

on-

ton

Gp.

Gre

en

horn

Fm

.

Figure SR-14.2. Correlation chart of selected Cretaceous rocks in north-central Montana and southeastern Alberta showing currently productive intervals and those with potential for gas production from lowpermiability reservoirs (after Rice and Shurr, 1980).

Figure SR-14.1.shows (after United States Geological Survey, 1996).

Figure SR-14.4. Montana and South Dakota (after Shurr et al , 1988)

Structural Elements


Pierre/Shannon fields and shows

BLACK H

ILLS

UPLIFT


Generalized Time Lines

Position of shelf-slope breaks

Telegraph Creek Formation

Niobrara Formation

Niobrara Formation

Gammon Ferruginous Member Approximate position of

South Dakota

Wyoming

South Dakota North Dakota

Black Powder River

Seaway

PLAY TYPE 8

Sussex sandstone may be productive in this part of the Williston Basin. Shannon sandstone is Eagle equivalent in Western Montana and produces out of

Production from the Shannon Sandstone is west of the Reservation at West Short Pine Hills and Cady Creek

The Shannon occurs above the Niobrara Chalk, within the Pierre Shale and is a fine-grained, well-sorted, marine sandstone. In Wyoming, the Shannon, produces from reservoirs 10 to 30 feet thick in belts 0.5 to 3 miles wide and from

maturation and migration are unknown, as is reservoir quality. Shows are not recorded on the Reservation, however, due to the lenticular

nature of the sand bodies, the lack of well control, and the thick Peirre Shale section, some of the recorded Pierre gas shows present in other plays described,

Generalized map of sandstone thickness in the Shannon interpreted from Gross sandstone thickness is based on a 10 or more millivolt Contour interval is 10 feet (after Shurr et al, 1988).

Regional paleogeography of the western magin of the Western Interior Shallow gas fields associated with the Shannon include:

(A) Liscom Creek, (B) Pumpkin Creek, (C) West Short Pine HIlls, and (D) Cady Creek (after

Series Southeastern

Alberta North Central

Frenchman Fm.

Fox Hills SS Whitemud Fm.

Bearpaw Shale Bearpaw Shale

Judith River Fm. Foremost Fm.

Pakowki Fm.

Telegraph Creek Fm. Milk River Equiv.

Specks

Second White Specks

Second White Specks SS

Bow Island Fm.

Mowry Shale

Belle Fourche

Mosby SS Mbr.

Carlile Shale

Niobrara Fm.

Nonmarine Rocks

Marine

Marine Siltstone &

General location map of reservation indicating Pierre/Shannon hydrocarbon

Regional cross-section summarizing the stratigraphic setting of the Shannon in

Interval with potential for gas production from low-permeability reservoirs

Presently Producing Gas Interval


General References Cardinal, D. F. and Sherer, M., 1984, "Alum Creek Field, Fall River County,

South Dakota", Thirty-fifth Annual Field Conference, Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook, p. 169-182.

Shurr, George W., Nelson, C.L. and Jenkins, J.T. Jr., 1988, "Prediction of Sandstone Geometry in the Upper Cretaceous Shannon Sandstone in the Northern Powder River Basin", Thirty-ninth Field Conference, Wyoming

Anderson, Robert C., 1995, The Oil and Gas Opportunity on Indian Lands-Exploration Policies and Procedures, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of Energy and Mineral Resources, General Publication G-95-3, 158 p.

Dolson, John, Mueller, D., Evetts, M.J. and Stein, J.A., March 1991, "Regional Paleotopographic Trends and Production, Muddy Sandstone (Lower Cretaceous), Central and Northern Rocky Mountains", American

Geological Association Guidebook, p. 217-228.

Sperr, J.T., et al., 1993, "Wabek and Plaza Fields: Carbonate Shoreline Traps in the Williston Basin of North Dakota"; North Dakota Geologic Survey Field

Beeman, William R., et al., 1996, Digital Map Data, Text and Graphical Images Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Volume 75/3, p. 409-35. Study, No. 1.

in Support of the 1995 Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, United States Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-35, CD ROM.

Dolten, Gordon L. and Fox, James E., 1996, "Powder River Basin Province (033)", Tabular Data, Text, and Graphical Images in Support of the 1995

Weimer, R. J., et al., October 1982, "Tectonic Influence on Sedimentation, Early Cretaceous, East Flank Powder River Basin, Wyoming and South Dakota",

Charpenteir, Ronald R., et al., 1996, Tubular Data, Text, and Graphical Images in Support of the 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, United States Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-36, CD ROM.

National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, United States Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-36, CD ROM.

Editors, Petroleum Information, 1984, "Buffalo Field Red River Pool - Harding County, South Dakota",Williston Basin Field Summaries, Petroleum

Colorado School of Mines Quarterly, Volume 77, No. 4.

Wing, Monta E., 1938 (1952), "A Structural Survey of the Pierre Gas Field, South Dakota"; Report of Investigation No. 29, South Dakota State Geological Survey, 21 p.

Gautier, Donald L., et al., 1996, 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources - Results, Methodology, and Supporting Data, United States Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS-30 Release 2.

Information.

________, 1984, "Jones Creek Field Red River Pool - Harding County, South Dakota", Williston Basin Field Summaries, Petroleum Information.

Wulf, George R., 1968, "Lower Cretaceous Muddy Sandstone in the Northern Rockies", Black Hills Area, South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Wyoming Geological Association, 20th Field Conference Guidebook, p. 29-34

_______________., et al., 1995, 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, Overview of the 1995 National Assessment of Potential Additions to Technically Recoverable Resources of Oil and Gas - Onshore and State Waters of the United States, United States Geological Survey Circular 1118, 20 p.

________, 1984, "Lantry Field Red River Pool - Dewey County, South Dakota", Williston Basin Field Summaries, Petroleum Information.

Howells, Lewis, 1982, "Geohydrology of the Standing Rock Indian Reservation North and South Dakota", Hydrologic Investigations Atlas, United States

Standing Rock - Map References

Executive Reference Map 334, 1985 edition, Extended Area, Northern Rocky Mountains, Geomap Company.

Mallory, William Wyman, et al., 1972, Geologic Atlas of the Rocky Mountain Region, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists ,331 p.

Geological Survey, G3701, svar U5, HA-644.

LeFeur, Richard D, and McCloskey, Jerry G., 1995, "Depositional History of the

Executive Reference Map 321, 1983 edition, Southern Williston Basin, Geomap Company.

Peterson, James A. and MacCary, Lawrence M., 1987, "Regional Stratigraphy and General Petroleum Geology of the U.S. Portion of the Williston Basin and Adjacent Areas", Williston Basin: Anatomy of a Cratonic Oil Province, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 9-43.

Newcastle Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Williston Basin, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Eastern Montana", Seventh International Williston Basin Symposium, Montana Geological Society, Billings, Montana, p. 411-416.

Lockridge, John P. and Pollastro, Richard M., 1988, "Shallow Upper Cretaceous

Indian Land Areas, 1992, United States Department of the Interior - Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Clayton, Lee, et al., 1980, Geological Map of North Dakota, North Dakota Geological Survey.

Rice, Dudley D. and Shurr, George W., July 1980, "Shallow, Low-Permeability Reservoirs of the Northern Great Plains - Assessment of their Natural Gas Resources", American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Volume 64/7, p. 969-987.

Niobrara Gas Fields in the Eastern Denver Basin", Carbonate Symposium, Rocky Mountain Association of Geologists, p. 63-74.

Nixon, R. P., January 1973, "Oil Source Beds in Cretaceous Mowry Shale of Northwestern Interior United States", American Association of Petroleum

Darton, N. H., et al., 1951, Geological Map of South Dakota, United States Geological Survey.

Ross, Clyde p., et al., 1958, Geological Map of Montana, Montana Bureau of

Willette, Donna C., et al., 1996, "Oil and Gas Atlas on Indian Lands", Indian Geologists Bulletin, v. 57/1, p. 136-161. Mines.

Resources Building Partnerships, Sixth Annual Energy and Minerals Conference, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of Energy and Mineral Resources, 10 p.

Petersen, James A., 1996, "Williston Basin Province (031)", Tabular Data, Text, and Graphical Images in Support of the 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, United States Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-36, CD ROM.

Standing Rock - Fields and Articles _________________, 1996, "Sioux Province (032)", Tabular Data, Text, and

Anderson, Sydney B., 1967, "Where North Dakota's Best Newcastle Sand Trends are Located", Report of Investigations Number 46, North Dakota Geological Survey, 5 p.

Graphical Images in Support of the 1995 National Assessment of United States Oil and Gas Resources, Unied States Geological Survey, Digital Data Series DDS-36, CD ROM.

Bolyard, Dudley W., 1969, "Muddy Sand Oil Potential in South Dakota", Montana Geological Society, Eastern Montana Symposium, p. 85-94.

Reishus, Mark, 1968, "The Newcastle Formation in the Williston Basin of North Dakota", Report of Investigation 47, North Dakota Geological Survey, p. 26.

Bretz, Richard, 1981, "List of Natural Gas Occurrences in South Dakota by County", Open-File Report No. 2-BAS, South Dakota State Geological Survey, 147 p.

Schoon, Robert A., 1971, "Geology and Hydrology of the Dakota Formation in South Dakota", Report of Investigation 104, South Dakota Geological Survey, p. 38.

Standing Rock Reservation North and South Dakota

REFERENCES PAGE 16 of 16 index map topics

Documents

Standing Rock Reservation - US Department of Energy€¦ · Standing Rock Reservation OVERVIEW STANDING ROCK RESERVATION Standing Rock Sioux Tribe TRIBAL HEADQUARTERS: Fort Yates,