STANDARD 3f

STANDARD 3f

• Students know how to use the periodic table to identify elements in simple compounds

USING THE PERIODIC TABLE• Shows all known elements organized by atomic number• Elements grouped in columns share similar properties

– Melting point, density, thermal and electrical conductivity, reactivity with other elements

• There are 117 known elements, 92 of which are natural

BLUE-metals PINK-metalloids GREENYELLOW-nonmetals

USING THE PERIODIC TABLE• Elements on the Periodic Table are listed one to a box• The basic information shown is the ELEMENT SYMBOL,

ATOMIC NUMBER and ATOMIC MASS

• Element Symbol-an abbreviation of the element name• Atomic Number-number of protons in the nucleus• Atomic Mass-the number of protons and neutrons.

• Isotopes: atoms with different numbers of neutrons. The average of these is the average atomic mass

Atomic Number

Element Name

Element SymbolAverage Atomic Mass

USING THE PERIODIC TABLE36. What is the atomic

mass of krypton?

A 36 amu

B 16 amu

C 83.6 amu

D 83.80 amu

ANSWER: D

USING THE PERIODIC TABLE

37. How many protons are in the nucleus of a calcium atom?

A 10

B 20

C 40

D 40.08

ANSWER: B


38. Which elements combine to form the compound represented by the formula KCl?

A potassium, carbon, and iodine

B potassium and calcium

C potassium and chlorine

D krypton and chlorine

ANSWER: C


40. Which group in the periodic table does the element calcium belong to?

A Group 1

B Group 2

C Group 14

D Group 17

ANSWER: B


41. What is the atomic number of copper?

A 24

B 27

C 29

D 63.55

ANSWER: C


42. The element shown has a mass number of 40. How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in the element?A 18 protons, 40 electrons, 18 neutronsB 40 protons, 40 electrons, 22 neutronsC 18 protons, 18 electrons, 22 neutronsD 18 protons, 18 electrons, 18 neutrons

ANSWER: C

STANDARD 7a

• Students know how to identify regions corresponding to metals, nonmetals, and inert gases

Periodic Table Organization• Metals are found to the left of the zig-zag line• Nonmetals are found to the right of the zig-

zag line• Metalloids are found along the zig-zag line• Elements in the same column (groups) have

similar properties

Periodic Table Organization

• Inert (noble) gases are the elements in Group 18 located on the far right side of the periodic table

• Inert (noble) gases tend to be unreactive because they do not usually gain, share, or lose valence electrons


43. Most of the elements in the periodic table are

A metals

B nonmetals

C semimetals

D inert gases

ANSWER: A


44. Where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table?

A to the left of the zigzag line

B to the right of the zigzag line

C in rows 3 and 4

D in Groups 1 through 4

ANSWER: B

STANDARD 7b

• Students know each element has a specific number of protons in the nucleus (the atomic number) and each isotope of the element has a different but specific number of neutrons in the nucleus

Elements, Atomic Numbers, and Isotopes

47. The atomic number of hydrogen is 1. The nucleus of the isotope hydrogen-2 contains

A 1 proton and 1 neutron

B 1 proton and 0 neutrons

C 2 protons and 0 neutrons

D 1 proton and 2 neutrons

ANSWER: A


48. Isotopes of the same element differ from each other by their

A atomic number

B reactivity

C number of neutrons

D number of protons

ANSWER: C


49. Two atoms with different atomic numbers are

A the same isotope of the same element

B different isotopes of the same element

C atoms of different elements

D atoms that react the same way chemically

ANSWER: C

STANDARD 7c

• Students know substances can be classified by their properties, including their melting temperature, density, hardness, and thermal and electrical conductivity

CLASSIFYING SUBSTANCES

• Properties of Metals– Conduct electricity and heat

– Shiny

– Malleable

– High melting points

– High density


• Properties of Nonmetals– Poor conductors of electricity and heat

– Dull in appearance

– Brittle

– Low melting points

– Low density


• Properties of Semimetals (Metalloids)–Have properties of both metals and

nonmetals


• The periodic table is arranged horizontally (across) in order of increasing atomic number and vertically (up and down) in columns of elements with similar chemical properties

• Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons


50. Which two elements identified in the periodic table most likely share similar properties?

A Elements A and B

B Elements D and E

C Elements C and D

D Elements A and E

ANSWER: D


51. Which of the following are good conductors of electric current

A semimetalsB metalsC inert gasesD nonmetals

ANSWER: B


52. Which of the following properties is NOT a property of metals?

A high thermal conductivity

B brittleness

C hardness

D high electrical conductivity

ANSWER: B

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STANDARD 3f