SPINTRONICS

Presented By : Ram Kumar Gupta B.Tech. 3rd year (E.C.)

Anand Engineering College Agra

What is Spintronics?

Principle

Why Spintronics?

Fabrication & Working of spin devices

Electronics Vs. Spintronics

Applications

Conclusion

Outlines

2

What is spintronics?

Spintronics is a blend of electronics with spin.

Also known as magnetoelectronics.

A neologism meaning "spin transport electronics“.

It is an emerging technology that exploits both the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment, in addition to its fundamental electronic charge, in solid-state devices.

3

Contd…..

It refers to the study of the role played by the electron spin in solid state physics and possible devices that specifically exploits spin properties of electrons instead of it’s charge.

It promises new logic devices which enhances functionality, high speed and reduced power consumption.

4

Principle

Spintronics is based on the spin of electrons rather than its charge.

Every electron exist in one of the two states- spin-up and spin-down, with spins either positive half or negative half.

In other words, electrons can rotate either clock wise or anti-clockwise around its own axis with constant frequency.

5

Principle contd….

The two possible spin states represent ‘0’ and ‘1’ in logical operations.

Spin is a characteristic that makes an electron a tiny magnet with north and south poles.

Ferro-magnetic materials like iron, cobalt and nickel is needed for designing of spin electronic devices.

6

Why spintronics?

Spintronics-Information is carried not by

electron charge but by it’s spin.

Complex Chip Design & Power Loss

7

Fabrication

Spintronics devices involves two different approaches for designing & manufacturing.

Perfecting the existing giant magneto resistance, GMR based technology by developing new materials with larger spin polarization.

Finding the novel ways of both generation and utilization of spin polarized current.

The later one is a effective method.

8

Working of spin devices

All spintronic devices acts according to the simple scheme: The information is stored (written) into spins as a particular spin orientation (up or down).

The spins, being attached to mobile electrons, carry information along a wire and the information is read at a terminal.

9

Working contd….

Spin orientation of conduction electrons survives for relatively long time (nanoseconds, compared to tens of femtoseconds during which electron moment decays) which makes spintronic device useful for memory storage and magnetic sensor applications.

10

Hard drives up to 1.2

petabytes

11

Electronics Vs. Spintronics

One of the main advantage of spintronics over electronics is the magnets tend to stay magnetize which is sparking in the industry an interest for replacing computer’s semiconductor based components with magnetic ones, starting with the RAM.

12

Electronics Vs. Spintronics

With an all-magnetic RAM, it is now possible to have a computer that retains all the information put into it. Most importantly, there will be no ‘boot-up’ waiting period when power is turned on.

13

Electronics Vs. Spintronics

Another promising feature of spintronics is that it doesn’t require the use of unique and specialized semiconductor, there by allowing it to work with common metals like Cu, Al, Ag.

Spintronics will use less power than conventional electronics, because the energy needed to change spin is a minute fraction of what is needed to push charge around.

14

Electronics Vs. Spintronics

Another advantage includes Non-volatility: Spins don’t change when power is turned off.

The peculiar nature of spin and quantum theory describes it point to other wonderful possibility like various logic gates whose function can be changed billion times per second.

15

Spintronics products

iPod nano

Cell phones

Laptop hard drives

16

Future Outlook

High capacity hard drives

Magnetic RAM chips

Spin FET using quantum tunneling

and…………..

17

The Quantum Computer

18

Application

The Magnetic version of RAM used in computer is nonvolatile.

Other advantages of MRAM’s include small size, lower cost, faster speed and less power consumption, robust in extreme condition such as high temperature, high level radiation and interference.

19

Conclusion

With lack of dissipation, spintronics may be the best mechanism for creating ever-smaller devices. The potential market is enormous, In maybe a 10-year timeframe, spintronics will be on par with electronics. That's why there's a huge race going on around the world In exploring Spintronics.

20

Thank you all

The Future Belongs To