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Name Designation Affiliation Signature & Date Compiled by: J.J. Kotzé SPF PM EMSS Antennas Approved by: I.P. Theron SPF Lead Engineer EMSS Antennas T. Küsel SKADC SE SKA-SA SPF BAND 2 FEED PACKAGE DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATION Document number ........................................................................SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083 Revision ........................................................................................................................... 1 Author..................................................................................................... Jean Kotzé, et al. Date ................................................................................................................ 2016-11-30 Status .................................................................................................................. Released Jean J. Kotzé (Dec 8, 2016) Jean J. Kotzé Isak Theron (Dec 8, 2016) Isak Theron Thomas Kusel (Dec 13, 2016)

SPF BAND 2 FEED PACKAGE DEVELOPMENT … · Verification of content: I.P. Theron 1.2 Intended Use of This Document The intended audience for this document is: a. SKA dish consortium

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Name Designation Affiliation Signature & Date

Compiled by:

J.J. Kotzé SPF PM EMSS

Antennas

Approved by:

I.P. Theron SPF Lead Engineer

EMSS Antennas

T. Küsel SKADC SE SKA-SA

SPF BAND 2 FEED PACKAGE

DEVELOPMENT SPECIFICATION

Document number ........................................................................ SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083 Revision ........................................................................................................................... 1 Author ..................................................................................................... Jean Kotzé, et al. Date ................................................................................................................ 2016-11-30 Status .................................................................................................................. Released

Jean J. Kotzé (Dec 8, 2016)Jean J. Kotzé

Isak Theron (Dec 8, 2016)Isak Theron

Thomas Kusel (Dec 13, 2016)

Document No.: Revision: Date:

SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083 1 2016-11-30

Author: Jean Kotzé, et al. Page 2 of 35

DOCUMENT HISTORY Revision Date of Issue Engineering Change

Number

Comments

A 2016-09-30 - First draft release for internal review

1 2016-11-30 - Released with DDR feedback

DOCUMENT SOFTWARE Package Version Filename

Word processor MS Word Word 2013 SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083_Rev1_SPFB2DevelopmentSpecification

Block diagrams

Other

ORGANISATION DETAILS Name SKA Organisation

Registered Address Jodrell Bank Observatory

Lower Withington

Macclesfield

Cheshire

SK11 9DL

United Kingdom

Registered in England & Wales

Company Number: 07881918

Fax. +44 (0)161 306 9600

Website www.skatelescope.org

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Author: Jean Kotzé, et al. Page 3 of 35

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................. 6

1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................ 7

1.1 Identification ........................................................................................................................... 7

1.2 Intended Use of This Document ............................................................................................. 7

1.3 System Description ................................................................................................................. 7

1.3.1 System Overview ............................................................................................................. 7

1.3.2 System Components ....................................................................................................... 7

1.3.3 Context and Product Breakdown Structure .................................................................... 8

2 DOCUMENTS.............................................................................................. 10

2.1 Applicable Documents .......................................................................................................... 10

2.2 Reference Documents ........................................................................................................... 11

3 REQUIREMENTS .......................................................................................... 12

3.1 Functional and Performance Requirements ......................................................................... 12

3.1.1 Capability Requirements ............................................................................................... 12

3.1.1.1 Illuminate Optics ....................................................................................................... 12

3.1.1.2 Convert EM to RF ...................................................................................................... 13

3.1.1.3 Amplify RF Signals ..................................................................................................... 13

3.1.1.4 Add Calibration Signal ............................................................................................... 14

3.1.1.5 Configure ................................................................................................................... 14

3.2 Interface Requirements ........................................................................................................ 14

3.2.1 SPF band 2 External Interfaces Identification ............................................................... 14

3.2.2 SPF Band 2 External Interface Requirements ............................................................... 16

3.2.2.1 SPF Band 2 EM Interface ........................................................................................... 16

3.2.2.2 [I.M.DS.SPF.02] Dish Structure – SPF Band 2 Power Interface ................................. 16

3.2.2.3 [I.M.DS.SPF.08] Dish Structure – SPF Band 2 Mechanical Interface ......................... 16

3.2.2.4 [I.M.RX.SPF.02] SPF Receivers MID – SPF Band 2 RF Interface ................................. 16

3.2.2.5 [I.M.RX.SPF.05] SPF Receivers MID – SPF Band 2 Noise diode control Interface ..... 16

3.2.2.6 [I.M.DI.SPF.03] Dish Fibre Network – SPF Band 2 Fibre Connector Interface .......... 16

3.2.2.7 [SPF.IIF.02] SPF Controller – SPF Band 2 Control and data Interface ....................... 16

3.2.2.8 [SPF.IIF.10] SPF Helium – SPF Band 2 Helium Interface ............................................ 16

3.2.2.9 [SPF.IIF.07] SPF Vacuum– SPF Band 2 Vacuum Interface ......................................... 16

3.3 Environmental ....................................................................................................................... 17

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3.3.1 Operational ................................................................................................................... 17

3.3.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility ...................................................................................... 17

3.3.3 Radio Frequency Interference ...................................................................................... 18

3.3.4 Transportation .............................................................................................................. 19

3.3.5 Storage .......................................................................................................................... 19

3.4 Human Factors ...................................................................................................................... 19

3.5 Integrated Logistics Support ................................................................................................. 19

3.5.1 Reliability, Availability and Maintainability ................................................................... 19

3.5.2 Repair and Replacement ............................................................................................... 20

3.5.3 Product Marking ........................................................................................................... 20

3.5.4 ILS Publication ............................................................................................................... 21

3.5.4.1 Manufacturing Data Packs ........................................................................................ 21

3.5.4.2 Support Publications ................................................................................................. 21

3.5.5 Training ......................................................................................................................... 21

3.5.6 Supply Support .............................................................................................................. 22

3.5.7 Packaging Handling and Transportation ....................................................................... 22

3.5.8 Equipment ..................................................................................................................... 22

3.5.9 Facilities ......................................................................................................................... 23

3.6 Product Assurance ................................................................................................................ 23

3.6.1 Standardisation ............................................................................................................. 23

3.6.2 Workmanship ................................................................................................................ 23

3.6.3 Safety and Security........................................................................................................ 23

3.6.4 Design Methods ............................................................................................................ 23

3.7 Design Constraints ................................................................................................................ 23

3.8 Precedence and Criticality of Requirements ........................................................................ 24

4 VERIFICATION ............................................................................................ 25

4.1 Verification Definitions ......................................................................................................... 25

4.2 Requirements Verification Matrix ........................................................................................ 26

5 PACKAGING ............................................................................................... 35

6 NOTES ..................................................................................................... 35

6.1 Explanatory Notes ................................................................................................................. 35

6.2 List of Unresolved Issues ....................................................................................................... 35

7 REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX ............................................................ 35

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: SPF band 2 feed package in SPF product breakdown structure. ............................................. 8

Figure 2: SPF band 2 feed package context diagram. ............................................................................. 9

Figure 3: SPF band 2 feed package external interface diagram. ........................................................... 15

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: External interface identification .............................................................................................. 15

Table 2: Verification methods applicable to the system ...................................................................... 25

Table 3: Test classes applicable to the system ..................................................................................... 25

Table 4: Verification cross reference matrix ......................................................................................... 26

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

COTS Commercial off-the-shelf

DS Dish structure

EM Electromagnetic

EMC Electromagnetic compatibility

EMI Electromagnetic interference

ESD Electrostatic discharge

FPC Feed package controller

FPGA Field programmable gate array

ILM Intermediate level maintenance

ILS Integrated logistic support

IXR Intrinsic cross polarisation

LMC Local monitoring and control

LNA Low noise amplifier

LPZ Lightning protection zone

LRU Line replaceable unit

LSA Logistic support analysis

MMDT Mean maintenance down-time

MTBM Mean time between maintenance

OLM Organisational level maintenance

OMT Orthogonal mode transducer

RBW Resolution bandwidth

RF Radio frequency

RFI Radio frequency interference

RMS Root mean square

SKA Square kilometre array

SPF Single pixel feed

SPFC Single pixel feed controller

SRU Shop replaceable unit

TBC To be confirmed

TBD To be determined

For items written in Bold Italic, see the Glossary in [AD1].

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1 SCOPE

1.1 Identification

This specification establishes the performance, design, development and test requirements for the single pixel feed band 2 feed package, item number 317-020000 that forms part of the SPF sub-element of the SKA MID dishes.

It refines the relevant higher level requirements from [AD1], as allocated in [AD2].

This document has been prepared as follows:

Template and requirements formatting: T. Steyn

Requirements refinement: L. Marais

Verification of content: I.P. Theron

1.2 Intended Use of This Document

The intended audience for this document is:

a. SKA dish consortium system engineering personnel involved with the establishment and approval of this development specification.

b. Engineering personnel involved in the development of the SPF band 2 feed package.

1.3 System Description

1.3.1 System Overview

The single pixel feed (SPF) band 2 feed package collects both orthogonal components of the electromagnetic (EM) radiation concentrated at the focus of the reflector system and transforms them into electrical signals. The band 2 feed package covers the 0.95 GHz to 1.76 GHz frequency band. It includes cooling / thermal stabilisation as required to achieve the specified low noise amplifier (LNA) noise performance and stability of the injected calibration noise. The feed package is covered by a protective enclosure and mounted to the indexer via a mounting frame.

A Gifford McMahon cryogenic-cooler is employed that requires a high pressure helium supply and return to function. The helium will be supplied by the SPF helium service. The cryogenic components inside the cryostat are thermally insulated by high vacuum. A vacuum pump will be installed on each dish to provide the SPF vacuum service.

The feed package will be controlled by the feed package controller (FPC) which will communicate with the SPF controller (SPFC) using a slow serial communication over fibre connection.

1.3.2 System Components

The SPF band 2 has four major components that are deliverable and line replaceable units (LRU) as follows:

Mounting mechanics This component facilitates the accurate mounting of the horn assembly of the feed to the dish indexer.

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Horn assembly The feed horn is responsible to illuminate the optics – it receives the signal and propagates it in waveguide to the cryostat and control assembly. The feed horn is attached to the mounting mechanics and the cryostat and control assembly attaches to the feed horn.

Cryostat and control assembly The cryostat part of this assembly houses the cooled parts of the signal chain. It converts the waveguide input signal to amplified signal in coaxial cables that connect in two polarizations to the receiver. The control part contains the power supply module and is responsible for all the control and monitoring interaction with the SPFC.

Environment shield The environment shield protects the cryostat and control assembly from direct sunlight and rain. It is not designed to provide total shielding from the environment.

For design purposes documents are grouped according to the following major functions and utilises the applicable SPF band 2 major components in order to meet this function:

Signal path functional group (mounting, horn assembly and cryostat and control assembly)

Cryogenic functional group (cryostat and control assembly)

Control functional group (cryostat and Control assembly)

Allocations of the SPF band 2 requirements to the appropriate functional group is done in the SPF band 2 design document. By implication the requirements are allocated to the components that forms part of each of the four LRUs. Noteworthy is that a function such as the signal path extends through multiple major components i.e. horn assembly and OMT waveguide assembly converts the EM signals to an electrical RF signal.

1.3.3 Context and Product Breakdown Structure

The physical hierarchy diagram of the next higher level assembly of the SPF band 2 feed package is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: SPF band 2 feed package in SPF product breakdown structure.

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The functional context diagram of the next higher level assembly of the SPF band 2 feed package is given in Figure 2 below.

Figure 2: SPF band 2 feed package context diagram.

SKA SPF Sub-element

(SPF)

SPF

Band 2 Feed Package

(SPF2)

Dish Structure

Sub-element

(DS)

EM

Sig

na

ls

RF Signals (H&V)

En

viro

nm

en

t

Dish Infrastructure

Sub-element (DI)

Fibre Network

(connection to SPFC and

SPF Receiver for Noise control)

Fib

re C

on

ne

ctio

ns

SPF

Controller

(SPFC)

Control and

Monitoring Messages

SPF

Vacuum Service

(SPFVac)SPF

Helium Service

(SPFHe)

He

lium

Su

pp

ly

an

d R

etu

rn

Power Mechanical

SPF Receivers

Sub-element

Noise Control

Vacu

um

Dish Local Monitoring and

Control Sub-element

(LMC)

Co

ntr

ol a

nd

Mo

nito

rin

g M

essa

ge

s

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2 DOCUMENTS

2.1 Applicable Documents

The following documents are applicable to the extent stated herein. In the event of conflict between the contents of the applicable documents and this document, the applicable documents shall take precedence.

[AD1] A. Peens-Hough, et. al., “Single Pixel Feed (SPF) Requirements Specification”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000012, Rev. 4, 2016-11-15.

[AD2] J. Kotzé, el al., “Single Pixel Feed (SPF) Sub-element Design Document”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000020, Rev. 4, 2016-11-25.

[AD3] H. Niehaus, Rev 1, “SKA1 Dishes Element Power Management”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000041.

SPF External ICDs:

[AD4] H. Niehaus, “Physical Interface Control Document between the SPF Band 1 Package and the Dish Structure Document”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000058, Rev. 1, 2016-02-18.

[AD5] S. McCallion, “SPF Band 1 Physical Interface Drawing, 301-000000-001, Rev. 1, 2015-06-02.

[AD6] H. Niehaus, “Physical Interface Control Document between the SPF Band 2 Package and the Dish Structure”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000059, Rev. 1, 2016-02-18.

[AD7] J. Conradie, “SPF Band 2 Physical Interface Drawing”, 301-000000-002, Rev. 1, 2015-12-01.

[AD8] H. Niehaus, “Physical Interface Control Document between the SPF Controller and Dish Structure”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000063, Rev. 1, 2016-02-18.

[AD9] J. Conradie, “SPF Controller Physical Interface Drawing, 301-000000-005, Rev. 1, 2015-12-01.

[AD10] H. Niehaus, “Physical Interface Control Document between the SPF Helium System and the Dish Structure”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000062, Rev. 1, 2016-02-18.

[AD11] J. Conradie, “SPF Helium System Physical Interface Drawing”, 301-000000-003, Rev. 1, 2015-12-01.

[AD12] H. Niehaus, “Physical Interface Control Document between the SPF Vacuum System and the Dish Structure”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000061, Rev. 1, 2016-02-18.

[AD13] J. Conradie, “SPF Vacuum System Physical Interface DS Drawing”, 301-000000-004, Rev. 1, 2015-12-01.

[AD14] G. Smit et al., “Data Exchange Interface between the Dish LMC and SPF Controller”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000055, Rev. 1, 2016-02-26.

[AD15] G. Smit, “RF and Noise Diode Control Signal Interface between the Single Pixel Feed Receiver and the Single Pixel Feeds”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000065, Rev. 1, 2015-09-30.

[AD16] G. Smit, “Physical Interface Control Document between the Dish Fibre Network and the Single Pixel Feeds”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000066, Rev. 2, 2016-11-22.

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SPF band 2 External ICDs

[AD17] T.J. Steyn, “SPF Controller to SPF band 2 Data Exchange ICD”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000094, Rev. 1, 2016-11-30.

[AD18] T.J. Steyn, “SPF Controller to SPF Vacuum ICD”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000096, Rev. 1, 2016-11-30.

[AD19] A. Krebs, “SPF band 2 to SPF Helium Service Interface Control Document”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000102, Rev. 1, 2016-11-30.

Qualification

[AD20] J. Kotzé, et al., “SPF Sub-element Qualification Plan”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000117, Rev. 1, 2016-11-30.

2.2 Reference Documents

The following documents are referenced in this document. In the event of conflict between the contents of the referenced documents and this document, this document shall take precedence.

[RD1] J. Kotzé, el al., “Single Pixel Feed (SPF) band 2 Design Document”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000084, Rev. 1, 2016-11-30.

[RD2] I. P. Theron, “SKA Dish Optics Selection”, SKA-TEL-DSH-0000018, Rev. 2, 2015-11-05.

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3 REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Functional and Performance Requirements

In this section, all the functional and performance requirements of the SPF band 2 are specified.

3.1.1 Capability Requirements

The following primary functions shall be implemented by the SPF band 2:

Intercepting the EM fields focussed by the reflector system to achieve the specified beam performance.

Converting the electromagnetic signal to an RF signal and amplify it to the level required by the receiver while adding as little noise as possible.

Adding a switched calibration signal.

Reporting the SPF band 2 monitoring data to the SPFC.

Providing the control and monitoring interface between the feed package and the SPFC.

Providing the functional capabilities to enable remote support of the SPF band 2 system.

3.1.1.1 Illuminate Optics

[SPF2-0005] The SPF band 2 shall have an IXR larger than 15dB within the -3dB contour of the main beam, when illuminating ideal SKA optics, over the whole observing bandwidth (Refines: R.SPF.P.24).

[SPF2-0006] The SPF band 2 shall achieve feed sensitivity of at least 7.1 m2/K average over the specified frequency range, and over the elevation range from zenith down to 30° above the horizon, under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.1.2).

[SPF2-0007] The SPF band 2 shall achieve feed sensitivity of no less than 80% compared to that which is specified in [SPF2-0006] over the specified frequency range, and over elevation ranges from zenith down to 15° above the horizon, under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.2.2).

[SPF2-0008] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the on-diagonal Mueller matrix patterns shall not vary by more than 3% relative to the peak gain for any rotation around boresight of up to 5°, down to the -20 dB contour, assuming perfect reflectors but including the pattern-deforming effect of feed mount tolerances over the full elevation range and under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.7).

[SPF2-0009] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the total solid angle of sidelobes exceeding 0 dBi and further than either the eighth null or 10° from boresight, whichever is the greatest, assuming ideal reflectors, shall be less than 0.05 sr in any polarisation, at any frequency over the entire frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.11).

[SPF2-0010] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the peak level of sidelobes beyond either the eighth null or 10° from boresight, whichever is the greatest, assuming ideal reflectors, shall not exceed 6 dBi in any polarisation, at any frequency over the entire frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.12).

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[SPF2-0011] Under wind loads associated with degraded operating conditions and with a maximum temperature gradient of 8°C across any dimension, the position of the feed’s phase reference point, relative to the feed indexer, shall be maintained so that the contribution to the pointing error that cannot be corrected with a static pointing model is less than 1.75 arcsec (Refines: R.SPF.P.13).

[SPF2-0115] Under wind loads associated with standard operating conditions and with a maximum temperature gradient of 8°C across any dimension, the position of the feed’s phase reference point, relative to the feed indexer, shall be maintained so that the contribution to the pointing error that cannot be corrected with a static pointing model is less than 0.9 arcsec (Refines: R.SPF.P.21).

3.1.1.2 Convert EM to RF

[SPF2-0013] The SPF band 2 feed shall meet all requirements over a frequency range from 0.95 GHz to 1.76 GHz for both polarisations simultaneously (Refines: R.SPF.P.20.2).

[SPF2-0014] The SPF band 2 shall limit moisture collection in the signal path (Refines: R.SPF.P.23) through the following design practices:

Use of hydrophobic radome material, where applicable.

Elimination of traps or crevices susceptible to moisture collection.

3.1.1.3 Amplify RF Signals

[SPF2-0015] The SPF band 2 shall have a variance of output spectrum magnitude smaller than or equal to 4 dBp-p across the specified frequency range, measured at the feed package output ports, with the feed on the dish at a given elevation angle and terminated in cold sky conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.3).

[SPF2-0016] Each of the SPF band 2 output ports shall have a reflection coefficient less than -16 dB, based on a 50 Ohm characteristic impedance, across the specified frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.4).

[SPF2-0017] The SPF band 2 shall amplify a signal with a nominally flat power spectral density at the LNA input of -188 dBm/Hz, with a nominally (band averaged) gain of 56 ± 3 dB (Refines: R.SPF.P.5).

[SPF2-0018] The SPF band 2 shall have a 3rd order intercept point, referred to the input, of greater than or equal to -43 dBm (Refines: R.SPF.P.6).

[SPF2-0019] The SPF band 2 shall have a wide band gain stability over 5 s of smaller than or equal to 0.08% RMS, when averaged over the central 500 MHz of the band and sampled with 20 ms intervals, under operational conditions, measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.8).

[SPF2-0020] The SPF band 2 shall have a phase stability of 1° or less peak to peak over 5 minutes when sampled with 5 s intervals, under operational conditions (including orientation changes), measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.9).

[SPF2-0021] The SPF band 2 shall have a phase stability of 0.5° or less RMS over 5 minutes, after subtracting a linear fit through the data points of the 5 minutes when sampled with 5 s intervals, under operational conditions (including orientation changes), measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.10 ).

[SPF2-0022] The SPF band 2 feed package shall survive a continuous input power signal of -2 dBm with no permanent degradation of performance (Refines: R.SPF.P.19.2).

[SPF2-0023] The SPF band 2 shall have a saturated output of less than or equal to 14 dBm (Refines: R.SPF.P.22).

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3.1.1.4 Add Calibration Signal

[SPF2-0024] The SPF band 2 shall inject a switchable, wideband calibration signal into both polarisation channels (i.e. one signal into both channels), at the earliest possible point preceding the LNAs (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.4).

[SPF2-0025] The SPF band 2 shall couple the calibration signal into the signal path, with a phase unbalance of smaller than 1.5° (TBC) between the coupling points (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.1).

[SPF2-0026] The SPF band 2 shall couple the calibration signal into the signal path, such that the phase difference with which the calibration noise signal is injected into the two RF signal paths remains stable to smaller than 0.3° RMS over the specified frequency range, under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.17).

[SPF2-0027] The SPF band 2 shall switch the noise signal at a rate that the sum of the switch ON and switch OFF times (measured from the edge of the applied switching signal until the calibration signal reaches 50% of its final value) is smaller than or equal to 30 µs, with jitter smaller than or equal to 70 ns RMS (Refines: R.SPF.P.18).

[SPF2-0028] The SPF band 2 shall couple a calibration signal into the signal path with a power spectral density that is equivalent to 5 - 13% of Tsys (range inclusive), averaged over any 1 MHz bandwidth across the specified frequency range and with Tsys computed for cold sky at the lowest specified elevation angle (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.3).

[SPF2-0029] The SPF band 2 shall couple a calibration signal into the signal path, with a standard deviation of the calibration signal power referenced to the input of the LNA smaller than or equal to 0.04%, with samples integrated over 500 MHz and 500 ms over 30 minute intervals, under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.16).

[SPF2-0030] The SPF band 2 shall receive noise diode control signal from the SPF receiver with the logical characteristics as defined in [AD15]. (Refines: R.SPF.I.6).

3.1.1.5 Configure

[SPF2-0031] The SPF band 2 shall require no more than TBD minutes to return to full performance, after it has previously operated at full performance followed by being completely “off” for up to 10 minutes (Refines: R.SPF.P.14).

[SPF2-0032] The SPF band 2 shall utilise a cold head with helium consumption equivalent to the SHI 204 or CoolStar 2/9 (Refines: R.SPF.P.15).

3.2 Interface Requirements

3.2.1 SPF band 2 External Interfaces Identification

The interfaces between the SPF band 2 feed package and other dish element sub-elements are identified in [AD1] and the interfaces with other SPF sub-element major components can be determined from the context given in Figure 2 above. The identified external interfaces of the SPF band 2 to dish sub-elements, and other are show in Figure 3 below and listed in Table 1.

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Figure 3: SPF band 2 feed package external interface diagram.

Table 1: External interface identification

Interface Number

External To

Interface Type Component

A Component

B Ref

I.M.RX_SPF.02 SPF RF cable SPF2 SPF receiver [AD15]

I.M.RX_SPF.05 SPF Fibre, noise control. SPF receiver SPF2 [AD15]

I.M.DS_SPF.02 SPF Power SPF2 Dish structure [AD6]

I.M.DS_SPF.08 SPF Mechanical SPF2 Dish structure [AD6], [AD7]

I.M.DI_SPF.03 SPF Fibre SPF Dish infrastructure [AD16]

SPF IIF02 SPF2 Fibre Asynchronous serial

SPF2 SPFC [AD16], [AD17]

SPF IIF07 SPF2 Vacuum SPF2 SPFVac [AD18]

SPF IIF10 SPF2 Helium SPF2 SPFHe [AD19]

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3.2.2 SPF Band 2 External Interface Requirements

3.2.2.1 SPF Band 2 EM Interface

[SPF2-0040] The SPF band 2 shall have an EM interface to the dish structure with reflectors defined in [RD2] (EM interface).

3.2.2.2 [I.M.DS.SPF.02] Dish Structure – SPF Band 2 Power Interface

[SPF2-0041] The SPF band 2 shall have a power interface to the dish structure, as defined in [AD6] (Refines: R.SPF.I.3).

[SPF2-0042] The SPF band 2 shall perform according to its requirements as defined in this document, when supplied with electrical power with the characteristics as defined in [AD6] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.2).

3.2.2.3 [I.M.DS.SPF.08] Dish Structure – SPF Band 2 Mechanical Interface

[SPF2-0043] The SPF band 2 shall have a mechanical interface to the dish structure, as defined in [AD6] and [AD7] (Refines: R.SPF.I.2).

3.2.2.4 [I.M.RX.SPF.02] SPF Receivers MID – SPF Band 2 RF Interface

[SPF2-0044] The SPF band 2 shall have an RF interface to the SPF receiver, as defined in [AD15] (Refines: R.SPF.I.5).

3.2.2.5 [I.M.RX.SPF.05] SPF Receivers MID – SPF Band 2 Noise diode control Interface

[SPF2-0045] The SPF band 2 shall have a noise diode control interface to the SPF receiver, as defined in [AD15] (Refines: R.SPF.I.4 and R.SPF.I.6).

3.2.2.6 [I.M.DI.SPF.03] Dish Fibre Network – SPF Band 2 Fibre Connector Interface

[SPF2-0046] The SPF band 2 shall have a fibre connector interface to the dish fibre network, as defined in [AD16] (Refines: R.SPF.I.1).

3.2.2.7 [SPF.IIF.02] SPF Controller – SPF Band 2 Control and data Interface

[SPF2-0047] The SPF band 2 shall have a control and data interface to the SPF Controller, as described in [AD17] (Derived requirement).

3.2.2.8 [SPF.IIF.10] SPF Helium – SPF Band 2 Helium Interface

[SPF2-0048] The SPF band 2 shall have a helium interface to the SPF Helium, as defined in [AD19] (Derived requirement).

3.2.2.9 [SPF.IIF.07] SPF Vacuum– SPF Band 2 Vacuum Interface

[SPF2-0049] The SPF band 2 shall have a vacuum interface to the SPF Vacuum, as defined in [AD18] (Derived requirement).

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3.3 Environmental

Aspects specifically relating to environmental conditions are specified in this section. These shall include environmental conditions for all operational phases of the item: storage, transportation and operation.

[SPF2-0050] The SPF band 2 shall be compliant with all local, state and national environmental protection legislation and regulations, to the full extent stated in R.SPF.EL.1 in [AD1] (Refines: R.SPF.EL.1).

3.3.1 Operational

[SPF2-0051] The SPF band 2 electronic equipment shall be safe and withstand, without damage or degradation or additional maintenance tasks, the presence of condensation. Degraded functionality and performance will be allowed directly after start-up until such time that the condensation has evaporated (Refines: R.SPF.ED.1).

[SPF2-0052] The SPF band 2 shall survive, without any residual damage or performance degradation, when operated under the deployed conditions throughout the deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.2).

Note: Beyond operational conditions the system may turn itself off for protection.

[SPF2-0053] The SPF band 2 shall sustain continuous operation, with performance according to that required for the conditions, under the operational conditions throughout the required deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.3).

[SPF2-0054] The SPF band 2 shall be fully functional when operated under the operational and extreme operating conditions throughout the required deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.4).

[SPF2-0055] The SPF band 2 shall survive and perform according to the requirements as stated in this specification after being subjected to the survival conditions throughout the deployed lifetime. (Refines: R.SPF.ED.5). Note: The system may turn itself off for protection.

[SPF2-0056] The SPF band 2 shall not induce vibration and shock that exceed the levels as defined in [AD6] section “Mechanical” (Refines: R.SPF.ED.6).

[SPF2-0057] The SPF band 2 shall perform according to its requirements as defined in this document, when subjected to the vibration and shock levels as defined in section [AD6] “Mechanical” (Refines: R.SPF.ED.7).

3.3.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility

[SPF2-0059] The SPF band 2 custom made components shall comply with IEC 61000-6-4 (electromagnetic emissions) and IEC 61000-6-2 (electromagnetic susceptibility / immunity); and the SPF band 2 COTS components shall comply with the applicable harmonised standards in the European Commission EMC Directive 2004/108/EC, or the SABS equivalents thereof (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.8).

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3.3.3 Radio Frequency Interference

[SPF2-0060] The SPF band 2 components mounted on the indexer shall not, over the specified frequency band from 50 MHz to 20 GHz, radiate EMI (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.1) above:

The spectral line threshold level depicted below and measured in a RBW of 256 Hz, and

The continuum threshold level depicted below and measured in a RBW of 1% of centre frequency.

[SPF2-0061] The SPF band 2 components mounted on the indexer shall not radiate pulsed EMI (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.4) within any continuous period of 600 seconds above the pulsed threshold level depicted below and with RBW defined as:

50 MHz to 1 GHz measured in a RBW of 120 kHz using peak envelope detection, and

1 GHz to 20 GHz measured in a RBW of 1 MHz using peak envelope detection.

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[SPF2-0062] The SPF band 2 shall not, over the specified frequency band from 300 MHz to 20 GHz, add RF power other than calibration noise to the signal chain (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.7) that, referenced at the input to the LNA, exceeds:

The spectral line threshold level depicted below and measured in a RBW of 256 Hz, and

The continuum threshold level depicted below and measured in a RBW of 1% of centre frequency.

3.3.4 Transportation

[SPF2-0063] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be packaged for transportation conditions to prevent incurring any residual damage (Refines: R.SPF.ET.1).

3.3.5 Storage

[SPF2-0064] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be packaged for storage conditions, without incurring any damage, for a period of 2 years (Refines: R.SPF.ES.1).

3.4 Human Factors

[SPF2-0066] The SPF band 2 shall be compliant with ergonomic design guidelines in MIL-STD-1472G (Refines: R.SPF.HF.1).

3.5 Integrated Logistics Support

3.5.1 Reliability, Availability and Maintainability

[SPF2-0067] The SPF band 2 shall have a minimum deployed lifetime of 10 years (Refines: R.SPF.LRA.1).

[SPF2-0068] The SPF band 2 shall have a mean maintenance down-time of less than 2.5 hours (TBC) (Refines: R. SPF.LRA.2). MMDT refers to the time spent at the antenna structure only.

[SPF2-0069] The SPF band 2 feed package shall have a mean time between maintenance of more than 4800 hours (TBC) (Refines: R. SPF.LRA.3).

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3.5.2 Repair and Replacement

[SPF2-0070] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall use standard tools for accessing, removing and replacing the items, and access to equipment and components that require specialised tools shall be minimised (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.1).

[SPF2-0071] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be designed that removal of any single item will not require the removal of other items (component stacking to be avoided where possible) (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.3).

[SPF2-0072] The SPF band 2 sub-elements identified as ILM spare items, shall require a minimum of tuning, calibration, aligning or other actions. Where alignment, calibration or tuning is required, a deterministic procedure for such actions shall be contained in the support publications (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.4).

[SPF2-0074] The SPF band 2 shall include maintenance provisions such as test points, accessibility, and plug-in components, for repairable items (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.5).

[SPF2-0075] The SPF band 2 shall be modular, to enable easy removal and replacement of faulty line replaceable units (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.6).

[SPF2-0076] The SPF band 2 shall provide mounting guides and location pins to facilitate module mounting (Refines: R.SPF. LRR.7).

[SPF2-0077] The SPF band 2 shall provide provision for the preclusion of mounting the wrong module (key coding of connectors etc.) (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.8).

[SPF2-0078] The SPF band 2 items identified as OLM spare items shall be interchangeable with items of the same part number and version with no calibration, tuning or special alignment (Refines: R.SPF. LRR.9).

[SPF2-0079] The SPF band 2 modules shall be securely mounted with the minimum number of fasteners (in compliance with the shock and vibration requirements) (Refines: R. SPF. LRR.10).

[SPF2-0080] The SPF band 2 shall have stand-offs and handles to protect system components from damage during shop maintenance (Refines: R. SPF. LRR.11).

3.5.3 Product Marking

[SPF2-0081] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all cables/harnesses and their connectors are labelled in the English language, to allow identification while the cables/harnesses are installed (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.1).

[SPF2-0082] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all component mounted connectors are labelled in the English language, to allow identification during installation and maintenance of the equipment (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.2).

[SPF2-0083] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all switches and controls used by operators or technical personnel have their functions clearly marked in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.3).

[SPF2-0084] The SPF band 2 design should ensure that disposable line replaceable units are labelled as such (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.4).

[SPF2-0085] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that in cases where special handling is required to prevent damage to Items (e.g. electrostatic discharge), such items are clearly marked with warning labels in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.5).

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[SPF2-0086] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that equipment which, when improperly operated or handled, may jeopardise the safety of personnel or result in a hazardous situation, are clearly marked to such effect (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.6).

[SPF2-0087] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRUs and SRUs are labelled in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.7) with the information listed below:

Product supplier name

Product name

Product part number

Product version

Product serial number

Electronically readable code (bar code), containing all the above information

[SPF2-0088] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that product markings are waterproof, able to withstand all environments and conditions to which the item will be subjected, and not detach or become unreadable with repeated handling (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.8).

[SPF2-0089] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRU product markings are clearly visible when the Item is installed (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.9).

3.5.4 ILS Publication

3.5.4.1 Manufacturing Data Packs

[SPF2-0090] The SPF band 2 shall provide as-built data as part of the manufacturing data pack (Refines: R.SPF.LDM.1). As-built data is considered to be (as applicable):

Item identification

Item data sheets

Item supplier data

Assembly drawings

Parts lists

Manufacturing drawings

[SPF2-0091] The SPF band 2 shall provide design data as part of the manufacturing data pack (Refines: R.SPF.LDM.2). Design data is considered to be (as applicable):

Requirement specifications

Architecture description documents

Interface control documents

Qualification test procedures and results

Acceptance test procedures and results

3.5.4.2 Support Publications

Not specified.

3.5.5 Training

Not specified.

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3.5.6 Supply Support

Not specified.

3.5.7 Packaging Handling and Transportation

[SPF2-0092] Packaged LRUs and SRUs with a mass of more than 15 kg and less than 40 kg shall have carrying handles (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.1).

[SPF2-0093] Packaged LRUs and SRUs with a mass of more than 40 kg shall have an integral lifting arrangement (e.g. eye-bolts) (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.2).

[SPF2-0094] The SPF band 2 LRU packaging shall be labelled in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.3) with the information listed below:

Item name

Item part number and version

Item serial number

LRU/SRU supplier part number (where applicable)

LRU/SRU supplier identification (where applicable)

Electronically scannable label (bar code)

Packaged weight

Container stackability (where applicable)

Preservation date (where applicable)

Shelf life (where applicable)

[SPF2-0095] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall have markings securely attached on the outside of the packaging container (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.4) containing:

Mode of transport "careful transportation"

"This side up" label

"Fork lift here" label, where applicable

Centre of gravity marking, where applicable

Packaged Item Identification plate, with identification data completed

Where applicable, tamper proof labels for "wrong way up" and "excessive acceleration"

ESD warnings where applicable

[SPF2-0097] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall consider standard vehicle transportation as well as entry constraints imposed by doors and corridors (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.8).

[SPF2-0098] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall be provided by the supplier of the LRUs and SRUs (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.9).

3.5.8 Equipment

[SPF2-0100] The SPF band 2 test and support equipment shall not require re-calibration in periods shorter than 12 months (Refines: R.SPF.LSE.4).

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3.5.9 Facilities

[SPF2-0101] The SPF band 2 requirements for maintenance and storage facilities at all levels of repair shall be identified through an LSA process using modelling / simulation (Refines: R.SPF.LSF.1).

3.6 Product Assurance

3.6.1 Standardisation

[SPF2-0102] The SPF band 2 design shall use fasteners of standard metric size and screw thread for LRU installation (Refines: R.SPF.PD.2).

3.6.2 Workmanship

Not specified.

3.6.3 Safety and Security

[SPF2-0103] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure galvanic connection in accordance to IEC62305 LPL III and with resistance of less than 10 milliohm between the equipment chassis and the lightning protection earth interface provided by the dish structure (Refines: R.SPF.LPS.1).

[SPF2-0104] The SPF band 2 shall establish a LPZ 2, to protect equipment internal to SPF band 2 against residual damage from direct and indirect lightning flashes to the structure and external services, in accordance to IEC62305 LPL III (Refines: R.SPF.LPS.3).

[SPF2-0105] The SPF band 2 shall be locally fail-safe and not be dependent on any external inputs for safety (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.1).

[SPF2-0106] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRUs with electrostatic sensitive components shall be fitted with ESD warning labels (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.2).

[SPF2-0107] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that, if sharp metal edges at access openings and corners cannot be eliminated by design, such edges shall be protected with covers or coatings (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.3).

[SPF2-0108] The SPF band 2 design shall provide protection against electrical shock in accordance to the applicable sections of SANS 60950-1 (for guidance refer to 301-000000-018) (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.4).

3.6.4 Design Methods

[SPF2-0109] The SPF band 2 design process shall include a risk assessment conducted for each item of machinery in accordance with BS EN ISO 12100 (Refines: R.SPF.PR.6).

3.7 Design Constraints

[SPF2-0110] The SPF band 2 feed package shall have a power consumption that does not exceed 50 VA with a power factor larger than 0.75, except for a 0.5 s period at start-up when the power consumption may not exceed 270 VA when operating at full performance under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.PW.1).

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[SPF2-0111] The SPF band 2 feed package shall not induce total harmonic distortion (current) onto the electrical supply that exceed the levels defined in [AD3] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.3).

[SPF2-0112] If using 3-phase power, the SPF band 2 feed package shall not induce phase imbalance (current) onto the electrical supply that exceed the levels defined in [AD3] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.4).

3.8 Precedence and Criticality of Requirements

[SPF2-0114] The SPF band 2 shall prioritise requirements in trade-off decisions for improving SPF band 2 capabilities beyond the minimum that’s been specified (Refines: S.SPF.PR.9) in the following order of preference:

Maximise feed sensitivity

Minimise variation in feed sensitivity

Minimise far-out sidelobe peak

Minimise far-out sidelobe extent

Minimise sidelobes within 10° from boresight.

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4 VERIFICATION

4.1 Verification Definitions

The requirements of section 3 of this document shall be verified by one of the test categories detailed in Table 2.

Table 2: Verification methods applicable to the system

Term Abbreviation Description

Formal Test FT The measurement of either mechanical or electrical characteristic using standard measuring equipment. If the measurement technique or equipment needed for the measurement is non-standard, it is described under the appropriate test paragraph number.

Inspection I The inspection of a characteristic either visually or by simple measurement and compared against a drawing, standard or data sheet. Verification by inspection implies that the measurement technique is elementary enough to obviate a formal test procedure.

Demonstration D Verifying a functional characteristic by means of actual demonstration using the hardware itself.

Analysis A Verification of a characteristic by means of analysis using appropriate theoretical models.

The applicable test classes are given in Table 3. Note that which tests to include for acceptance testing will be determined during qualification.

Table 3: Test classes applicable to the system

Abbreviation Description

N/A Not applicable

DT Tested/verified during the development phase (first prototypes)

QT Tested/verified during qualification

AT Acceptance test during integration and manufacturing

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4.2 Requirements Verification Matrix

The traceability between the requirements specified in Section 3 and the verification methods specified in Section 4 are shown in Table 4. The test events are defined in [AD20].

Table 4: Verification cross reference matrix

Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0005] The SPF band 2 shall have an IXR larger than 15dB within the -3dB contour of the main beam, when illuminating ideal SKA optics, over the whole observing bandwidth (Refines: R.SPF.P.24).

X SPF.V1 SPF network analyser test (using SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis)

[SPF2-0006] The SPF band 2 shall achieve feed sensitivity of at least 7.1 m2/K average over the specified frequency range, and over the elevation range from zenith down to 30° above the horizon, under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.1.2).

X X SPF.V2 Noise test (using SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis)

[SPF2-0007] The SPF band 2 shall achieve feed sensitivity of no less than 80% compared to that which is specified in [SPF2-0006] over the specified frequency range, and over elevation ranges from zenith down to 15° above the horizon, under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.2.2).

X X SPF.V2 Noise test (using SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis)

[SPF2-0008] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the on-diagonal Mueller matrix patterns shall not vary by more than 3% relative to the peak gain for any rotation around boresight of up to 5°, down to the -20 dB contour, assuming perfect reflectors but including the pattern-deforming effect of feed mount tolerances over the full elevation range and under precision and standard operating conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.7).

X SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis

[SPF2-0009] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the total solid angle of sidelobes exceeding 0 dBi and further than either the eighth null or 10° from boresight, whichever is the greatest, assuming ideal reflectors, shall be less than 0.05 sr in any polarisation, at any frequency over the entire frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.11).

X SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis

[SPF2-0010] The SPF band 2 shall illuminate the optics such that the peak level of sidelobes beyond either the eighth null or 10° from boresight, whichever is the greatest, assuming ideal reflectors, shall not exceed 6 dBi in any polarisation, at any frequency over the entire frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.12).

X SPF.AV1 EM beam analysis

[SPF2-0011] Under wind loads associated with degraded operating conditions and with a maximum temperature gradient of 8°C across any dimension, the position of the feed’s phase reference point, relative to the feed indexer, shall be maintained so that the contribution to the pointing error that cannot be corrected with a static pointing model is less than 1.75 arcsec (Refines: R.SPF.P.13).

X SPF.AV2: Pointing Error Analysis

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0013] The SPF band 2 feed shall meet all requirements over a frequency range from 0.95 GHz to 1.76 GHz for both polarisations simultaneously (Refines: R.SPF.P.20.2).

Implied as all performance requirements are verified over the full band

[SPF2-0014] The SPF band 2 shall limit moisture collection in the signal path (Refines: R.SPF.P.23)

X Inspection of qualification model and data packs

[SPF2-0015] The SPF band 2 shall have a variance of output spectrum magnitude smaller than or equal to 4 dBp-p across the specified frequency range, measured at the feed package output ports, with the feed on the dish at a given elevation angle and terminated in cold sky conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.3).

X SPF.V1 SPF network analyser test

[SPF2-0016] Each of the SPF band 2 output ports shall have a reflection coefficient less than -16 dB, based on a 50 Ohm characteristic impedance, across the specified frequency range (Refines: R.SPF.P.4).

X SPF.V1 SPF network analyser test

[SPF2-0017] The SPF band 2 shall amplify a signal with a nominally flat power spectral density at the LNA input of -188 dBm/Hz, with a nominally (band averaged) gain of 56 ± 3 dB (Refines: R.SPF.P.5).

X SPF.V1 SPF network analyser test

[SPF2-0018] The SPF band 2 shall have a 3rd order intercept point, referred to the input, of greater than or equal to -43 dBm (Refines: R.SPF.P.6).

X X SPF.V3 Linearity Test

[SPF2-0019] The SPF band 2 shall have a wide band gain stability over 5 s of smaller than or equal to 0.08% RMS, when averaged over the central 500 MHz of the band and sampled with 20 ms intervals, under operational conditions, measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.8).

X SPF.V4 Gain stability test

[SPF2-0020] The SPF band 2 shall have a phase stability of 1° or less peak to peak over 5 minutes when sampled with 5 s intervals, under operational conditions (including orientation changes), measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.9).

X SPF.V4 Gain stability test SPF.V10 Environmental test

[SPF2-0021] The SPF band 2 shall have a phase stability of 0.5° or less RMS over 5 minutes, after subtracting a linear fit through the data points of the 5 minutes when sampled with 5 s intervals, under operational conditions (including orientation changes), measured between the feed package input and output ports (Refines: R.SPF.P.10 ).

X SPF.V4 Gain stability test SPF.V10 Environmental test

[SPF2-0022] The SPF band 2 feed package shall survive a continuous input power signal of -2 dBm with no permanent degradation of performance (Refines: R.SPF.P.19.2).

X X SPF.V6 Survival Levels Test

[SPF2-0023] The SPF band 2 shall have a saturated output of less than or equal to 14 dBm (Refines: R.SPF.P.22).

X SPF.V6 Survival Levels Test

[SPF2-0024] The SPF band 2 shall inject a switchable, wideband calibration signal into both polarisation channels (i.e. one signal into both channels), at the earliest possible point preceding the LNAs (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.4).

X Inspection

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0025] The SPF band 2 shall couple the calibration signal into the signal path, with a phase unbalance of smaller than 1.5° (TBC) between the coupling points (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.1).

X SPF.AV3 Coupler tolerance analysis

[SPF2-0026] The SPF band 2 shall couple the calibration signal into the signal path, such that the phase difference with which the calibration noise signal is injected into the two RF signal paths remains stable to smaller than 0.3° RMS over the specified frequency range, under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.17).

X SPF.AV3 Coupler tolerance analysis

[SPF2-0027] The SPF band 2 shall switch the noise signal at a rate that the sum of the switch ON and switch OFF times (measured from the edge of the applied switching signal until the calibration signal reaches 50% of its final value) is smaller than or equal to 30 µs, with jitter smaller than or equal to 70 ns RMS (Refines: R.SPF.P.18).

X SPF.V8 Calibration noise switching test

[SPF2-0028] The SPF band 2 shall couple a calibration signal into the signal path with a power spectral density that is equivalent to 5 - 13% of Tsys (range inclusive), averaged over any 1 MHz bandwidth across the specified frequency range and with Tsys computed for cold sky at the lowest specified elevation angle (Refines: R.SPF.CIC.3).

X SPF.V2 Noise test

[SPF2-0029] The SPF band 2 shall couple a calibration signal into the signal path, with a standard deviation of the calibration signal power referenced to the input of the LNA smaller than or equal to 0.04%, with samples integrated over 500 MHz and 500 ms over 30 minute intervals, under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.P.16).

X SPF.V7 Calibration noise stability test

[SPF2-0030] The SPF band 2 shall receive noise diode control signal from the SPF receiver with the logical characteristics as defined in [AD15]. (Refines: R.SPF.I.6).

X Inspection of the data pack

[SPF2-0031] The SPF band 2 shall require no more than TBD minutes to return to full performance, after it has previously operated at full performance followed by being completely “off” for up to 10 minutes (Refines: R.SPF.P.14).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0032] The SPF band 2 shall utilise a cold head with helium consumption equivalent to the SHI 204 or CoolStar 2/9 (Refines: R.SPF.P.15).

X Inspection of the selected cold head

[SPF2-0040] The SPF band 2 shall have an EM interface to the dish structure with reflectors defined in [RD2] (EM interface).

Used in all EM analysis

[SPF2-0041] The SPF band 2 shall have a power interface to the dish structure, as defined in [AD6] (Refines: R.SPF.I.3).

X Inspection

[SPF2-0042] The SPF band 2 shall perform according to its requirements as defined in this document, when supplied with electrical power with the characteristics as defined in [AD6] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.2).

X Inspection of the data pack

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0043] The SPF band 2 shall have a mechanical interface to the dish structure, as defined in [AD6] and [AD7] (Refines: R.SPF.I.2).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0044] The SPF band 2 shall have an RF interface to the SPF receiver, as defined in [AD15] (Refines: R.SPF.I.5).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0045] The SPF band 2 shall have a noise diode control interface to the SPF receiver, as defined in [AD15] (Refines: R.SPF.I.4 and R.SPF.I.6).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0046] The SPF band 2 shall have a fibre connector interface to the dish fibre network, as defined in [AD16] (Refines: R.SPF.I.1).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0047] The SPF band 2 shall have a control and data interface to the SPF Controller, as described in [AD17] (Derived requirement).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0048] The SPF band 2 shall have a helium interface to the SPF Helium, as defined in [AD19] (Derived requirement).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0049] The SPF band 2 shall have a vacuum interface to the SPF Vacuum, as defined in [AD18] (Derived requirement).

X Demonstration

[SPF2-0050] The SPF band 2 shall be compliant with all local, state and national environmental protection legislation and regulations, to the full extent stated in R.SPF.EL.1 in [AD1] (Refines: R.SPF.EL.1).

X Design Review

[SPF2-0051] The SPF band 2 electronic equipment shall be safe and withstand, without damage or degradation or additional maintenance tasks, the presence of condensation. Degraded functionality and performance will be allowed directly after start-up until such time that the condensation has evaporated (Refines: R.SPF.ED.1).

X Analysis of the data pack

[SPF2-0052] The SPF band 2 shall survive, without any residual damage or performance degradation, when operated under the deployed conditions throughout the deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.2).

X

Analysis of the data pack; performance tests before and after thermal soak. Hail test performed with 25 mm diameter ice balls travelling at speeds up to and including 53 m/s.

[SPF2-0053] The SPF band 2 shall sustain continuous operation, with performance according to that required for the conditions, under the operational conditions throughout the required deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.3).

X SPF.V10 Environmental Test

[SPF2-0054] The SPF band 2 shall be fully functional when operated under the operational and extreme operating conditions throughout the required deployed lifetime (Refines: R.SPF.ED.4).

X SPF.V10 Environmental Test

[SPF2-0055] The SPF band 2 shall survive and perform according to the requirements as stated in this specification after being subjected to the survival conditions throughout the deployed lifetime. (Refines: R.SPF.ED.5).

X SPF.V10 Environmental Test

[SPF2-0056] The SPF band 2 shall not induce vibration and shock that exceed the levels as defined in [AD6] section “Mechanical” (Refines: R.SPF.ED.6).

X SPF.V11 Induced Vibration Test

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0057] The SPF band 2 shall perform according to its requirements as defined in this document, when subjected to the vibration and shock levels as defined in section [AD6] “Mechanical” (Refines: R.SPF.ED.7).

X SPF.V10 Environmental Test

[SPF2-0059] The SPF band 2 custom made components shall comply with IEC 61000-6-4 (electromagnetic emissions) and IEC 61000-6-2 (electromagnetic susceptibility / immunity); and the SPF band 2 COTS components shall comply with the applicable harmonised standards in the European Commission EMC Directive 2004/108/EC, or the SABS equivalents thereof (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.8).

X Design Review

[SPF2-0060] The SPF band 2 components mounted on the indexer shall not, over the specified frequency band from 50 MHz to 20 GHz, radiate EMI (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.1)

X SPF.V12 SPF RFI Test

[SPF2-0061] The SPF band 2 components mounted on the indexer shall not radiate pulsed EMI (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.4)

X SPF.V12 SPF RFI Test

[SPF2-0062] The SPF band 2 shall not, over the specified frequency band from 300 MHz to 20 GHz, add RF power other than calibration noise to the signal chain (Refines: R.SPF.RFI.7)

X SPF.V12 SPF RFI Test

[SPF2-0063] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be packaged for transportation conditions to prevent incurring any residual damage (Refines: R.SPF.ET.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0064] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be packaged for storage conditions, without incurring any damage, for a period of 2 years (Refines: R.SPF.ES.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0066] The SPF band 2 shall be compliant with ergonomic design guidelines in MIL-STD-1472G (Refines: R.SPF.HF.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0067] The SPF band 2 shall have a minimum deployed lifetime of 10 years (Refines: R.SPF.LRA.1).

X Analysis of the data pack

[SPF2-0068] The SPF band 2 shall have a mean maintenance down-time of less than 2.5 hours (TBC) (Refines: R. SPF.LRA.2).

X Analysis of the data pack

[SPF2-0069] The SPF band 2 feed package shall have a mean time between maintenance of more than 4800 hours (TBC) (Refines: R. SPF.LRA.3).

X Analysis of the data pack

[SPF2-0070] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall use standard tools for accessing, removing and replacing the items, and access to equipment and components that require specialised tools shall be minimised (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0071] The SPF band 2 LRUs and SRUs shall be designed that removal of any single item will not require the removal of other items (component stacking to be avoided where possible) (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.3).

X Inspection of data pack

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0072] The SPF band 2 sub-elements identified as ILM spare items, shall require a minimum of tuning, calibration, aligning or other actions. Where alignment, calibration or tuning is required, a deterministic procedure for such actions shall be contained in the support publications (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.4).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0074] The SPF band 2 shall include maintenance provisions such as test points, accessibility, and plug-in components, for repairable items (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.5).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0075] The SPF band 2 shall be modular, to enable easy removal and replacement of faulty line replaceable units (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.6).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0076] The SPF band 2 shall provide mounting guides and location pins to facilitate module mounting (Refines: R.SPF. LRR.7).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0077] The SPF band 2 shall provide provision for the preclusion of mounting the wrong module (key coding of connectors etc.) (Refines: R.SPF.LRR.8).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0078] The SPF band 2 items identified as OLM spare items shall be interchangeable with items of the same part number and version with no calibration, tuning or special alignment (Refines: R.SPF. LRR.9).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0079] The SPF band 2 modules shall be securely mounted with the minimum number of fasteners (in compliance with the shock and vibration requirements) (Refines: R. SPF. LRR.10).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0080] The SPF band 2 shall have stand-offs and handles to protect system components from damage during shop maintenance (Refines: R. SPF. LRR.11).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0081] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all cables/harnesses and their connectors are labelled in the English language, to allow identification while the cables/harnesses are installed (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.1).

X Inspection of items

[SPF2-0082] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all component mounted connectors are labelled in the English language, to allow identification during installation and maintenance of the equipment (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.2).

X Inspection of items

[SPF2-0083] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that all switches and controls used by operators or technical personnel have their functions clearly marked in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.3).

X Inspection of items

[SPF2-0084] The SPF band 2 design should ensure that disposable line replaceable units are labelled as such (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.4).

X Inspection of items

[SPF2-0085] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that in cases where special handling is required to prevent damage to Items (e.g. electrostatic discharge), such items are clearly marked with warning labels in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.5).

X Inspection of data pack / items

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0086] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that equipment which, when improperly operated or handled, may jeopardise the safety of personnel or result in a hazardous situation, are clearly marked to such effect (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.6).

X Inspection of data pack / items

[SPF2-0087] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRUs and SRUs are labelled in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.7)

X Inspection of data pack / items

[SPF2-0088] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that product markings are waterproof, able to withstand all environments and conditions to which the item will be subjected, and not detach or become unreadable with repeated handling (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.8).

X Inspection of data pack / items

[SPF2-0089] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRU product markings are clearly visible when the Item is installed (Refines: R.SPF.LPM.9).

X Inspection of data pack / items

[SPF2-0090] The SPF band 2 shall provide as-built data as part of the manufacturing data pack (Refines: R.SPF.LDM.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0091] The SPF band 2 shall provide design data as part of the manufacturing data pack (Refines: R.SPF.LDM.2).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0092] Packaged LRUs and SRUs with a mass of more than 15 kg and less than 40 kg shall have carrying handles (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0093] Packaged LRUs and SRUs with a mass of more than 40 kg shall have an integral lifting arrangement (e.g. eye-bolts) (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.2).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0094] The SPF band 2 LRU packaging shall be labelled in the English language (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.3)

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0095] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall have markings securely attached on the outside of the packaging container (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.4)

X Inspection of data pack / items

[SPF2-0097] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall consider standard vehicle transportation as well as entry constraints imposed by doors and corridors (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.8).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0098] The SPF band 2 LRU and SRU packaging shall be provided by the supplier of the LRUs and SRUs (Refines: R.SPF.LPA.9).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0100] The SPF band 2 test and support equipment shall not require re-calibration in periods shorter than 12 months (Refines: R.SPF.LSE.4).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0101] The SPF band 2 requirements for maintenance and storage facilities at all levels of repair shall be identified through an LSA process using modelling / simulation (Refines: R.SPF.LSF.1).

X Analysis of data pack

[SPF2-0102] The SPF band 2 design shall use fasteners of standard metric size and screw thread for LRU installation (Refines: R.SPF.PD.2).

X Inspection of data pack

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0103] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure galvanic connection in accordance to IEC62305 LPL III and with resistance of less than 10 milliohm between the equipment chassis and the lightning protection earth interface provided by the dish structure (Refines: R.SPF.LPS.1).

X Inspection of data pack / Conductance measurement

[SPF2-0104] The SPF band 2 shall establish a LPZ 2, to protect equipment internal to SPF band 2 against residual damage from direct and indirect lightning flashes to the structure and external services, in accordance to IEC62305 LPL III (Refines: R.SPF.LPS.3).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0105] The SPF band 2 shall be locally fail-safe and not be dependent on any external inputs for safety (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.1).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0106] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that LRUs with electrostatic sensitive components shall be fitted with ESD warning labels (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.2).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0107] The SPF band 2 design shall ensure that, if sharp metal edges at access openings and corners cannot be eliminated by design, such edges shall be protected with covers or coatings (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.3).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0108] The SPF band 2 design shall provide protection against electrical shock in accordance to the applicable sections of SANS 60950-1 (for guidance refer to 301-000000-018) (Refines: R.SPF.SAF.4).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0109] The SPF band 2 design process shall include a risk assessment conducted for each item of machinery in accordance with BS EN ISO 12100 (Refines: R.SPF.PR.6).

X Inspection of data pack

[SPF2-0110] The SPF band 2 feed package shall have a power consumption that does not exceed 50 VA with a power factor larger than 0.75, except for a 0.5 s period at start-up when the power consumption may not exceed 270 VA when operating at full performance under operational conditions (Refines: R.SPF.PW.1).

X SPF.V13 Electrical Interface test

[SPF2-0111] The SPF band 2 feed package shall not induce total harmonic distortion (current) onto the electrical supply that exceed the levels defined in [AD3] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.3).

X SPF.V13 Electrical Interface test

[SPF2-0112] If using 3-phase power, the SPF band 2 feed package shall not induce phase imbalance (current) onto the electrical supply that exceed the levels defined in [AD3] section "Derived power characteristics - SKA1 MID" (Refines: R.SPF.PW.4).

X SPF.V13 Electrical Interface test

[SPF2-0114] The SPF band 2 shall prioritise requirements in trade-off decisions for improving SPF band 2 capabilities beyond the minimum that’s been specified (Refines: S.SPF.PR.9)

X Design Review

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Requirement number & description Test Phase

Test Event DT QT

[SPF2-0115] Under wind loads associated with standard operating conditions and with a maximum temperature gradient of 8°C across any dimension, the position of the feed’s phase reference point, relative to the feed indexer, shall be maintained so that the contribution to the pointing error that cannot be corrected with a static pointing model is less than 0.9 arcsec (Refines: R.SPF.P.21).

X SPF.AV2: Pointing Error Analysis

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Page 35 of 35

5 PACKAGING

This section is not applicable.

6 NOTES

This section contains information of a general or explanatory nature.

6.1 Explanatory Notes

None

6.2 List of Unresolved Issues

TBD

7 REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY MATRIX

Traceability of the SPF sub-element level requirements to the major SPF components will be added to the DHS requirements in Core. It can also be checked manually by considering the “Refines” entries in the first column of Table 4.

SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083_Rev1_SPFB2DevelopmentSpecificationAdobe Sign Document History 12/13/2016

Created: 12/08/2016

By: Alastir Robyntjies ([email protected])

Status: Signed

Transaction ID: CBJCHBCAABAAYjBKPPena0H8R88Mx8lqSa1Pji16T3Uj

"SKA-TEL-DSH-0000083_Rev1_SPFB2DevelopmentSpecification" History

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