Sparta and AthensSparta and Athens1.1. Living in SpartaLiving in Sparta

2.2. Persian InvasionsPersian Invasions

3.3. Conflicts with Athenian EmpireConflicts with Athenian Empire

VocabularyVocabulary

Sparta- a city state in the southern part of Sparta- a city state in the southern part of ancient Greece.ancient Greece.

Helot- a member of a certain class of servants in Helot- a member of a certain class of servants in ancient Sparta.ancient Sparta.

Peloponnesian War- fought between Athens and Peloponnesian War- fought between Athens and Sparta in ancient Greece, involving almost every Sparta in ancient Greece, involving almost every other Greek City State.other Greek City State.

Plague- a wide spread disease.Plague- a wide spread disease. Blockade- an action taken to isolate an enemy Blockade- an action taken to isolate an enemy

and cut off its supplies.and cut off its supplies.

Vocab pageVocab page

Living in SpartaLiving in Sparta

Life in Sparta was harsh.Life in Sparta was harsh.Spartans were tough Spartans were tough Dedicated to warDedicated to warSparta’s motto: “Put the city’s needs Sparta’s motto: “Put the city’s needs

above your own.”above your own.”Early conquests resulted in a large Early conquests resulted in a large

population of helots.population of helots.Fearful of a rebellion, Sparta turned to its Fearful of a rebellion, Sparta turned to its

military. military.

Growing up in SpartaGrowing up in Sparta

Life for Spartans were ruled by the government.Life for Spartans were ruled by the government. Every child was examined at birth.Every child was examined at birth.

Children thought to be too weak were left to die.Children thought to be too weak were left to die.

Boys were encouraged to fight.Boys were encouraged to fight. By 12 years of age boys had many hours of By 12 years of age boys had many hours of

military training.military training. Boys were only given one cloak and a thin mat Boys were only given one cloak and a thin mat

to sleep on. to sleep on.

Growing up in SpartaGrowing up in Sparta

Girls also trained for battle and competed in war Girls also trained for battle and competed in war games.games.

However were not expected to become soldiers.However were not expected to become soldiers. Spartan women had more freedoms than other Spartan women had more freedoms than other

Greek women.Greek women. Women could own land and partake in business.Women could own land and partake in business. Life in Sparta was far from peaceful, but their Life in Sparta was far from peaceful, but their

brutish attitude helped to play a big role when it brutish attitude helped to play a big role when it came time to fight the Persians. came time to fight the Persians.

The Persian EmpireThe Persian Empire

The Persians InvadeThe Persians Invade During the mid-500’s B.C. Cyrus the Great During the mid-500’s B.C. Cyrus the Great

founded the Persian Empire.founded the Persian Empire. The Persians began taking Greek colonies along The Persians began taking Greek colonies along

the western coast of Asia Minor. the western coast of Asia Minor. In the fall of 490 B.C. the Persians attacked the In the fall of 490 B.C. the Persians attacked the

Athenians at the battle of Marathon.Athenians at the battle of Marathon. A small force of Athenians conquered the A small force of Athenians conquered the

Persians.Persians. A young man was sent to tell the city of Athens.A young man was sent to tell the city of Athens.

The only means of transportation was running. The The only means of transportation was running. The Distance: 26.2 miles. The same distance as today’s Distance: 26.2 miles. The same distance as today’s marathons. marathons.

The Battle at Marathon ValleyThe Battle at Marathon Valley

Marathon Hill (Tomb)Marathon Hill (Tomb)

Conflict and the Athenian EmpireConflict and the Athenian Empire

Amazingly the Persians were defeated.Amazingly the Persians were defeated. The Athenians continued to treat their colonies The Athenians continued to treat their colonies

and city-states with disrespect.and city-states with disrespect. Those poorly treated people turned to Sparta for Those poorly treated people turned to Sparta for

help.help. In 431 B.C. the Peloponnesian War began.In 431 B.C. the Peloponnesian War began. 27 years later the war ended when Athens was 27 years later the war ended when Athens was

struck by a plague and the Spartans staged a struck by a plague and the Spartans staged a blockade.blockade.