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FROM WHO? Spain Claims An Empire

Spain Claims An Empire

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Spain Claims An Empire. From Who?. Warm Up. Suppose you are an explorer in the 1500s. You are outfitting your ship for an ocean voyage. What will you need? (list at least 5 items ). http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=3521xURSXk8. In his own words: (Guess who wrote this). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Spain Claims An Empire

FROM WHO?

Spain Claims An Empire

Page 2: Spain Claims An Empire

Warm Up

Suppose you are an explorer in the 1500s. You are outfitting your ship for an ocean voyage. What will you need? (list at least 5 items)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3521xURSXk8

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In his own words: (Guess who wrote this)

THURSDAY, OCTOBER 11He sailed to the west-south-west. They had much higher sea than they had had in all the village. They saw petrels and a green branch near the ship. Those on the caravel Pinta saw a reed and a stick and they took another small stick formed as it appeared with iron, and a piece of a reed and other grass which grows on land, and a small board. Those on the caravel Nina also saw other indications of land a little branch full of dog-roses. With these signs everyone breathed and rejoiced. They went 27 leagues during this day up to sunset.

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Spice Trade/Silk Road

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Silk_route.jpg

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New Technology

Caravel

Portuguese

Square and triangular sails

Could sail with and against the wind

http://library.thinkquest.org/J0110360/Images/scarrack.jpg

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Two early Portuguese explorers

Bartolomeu Dias January 1488, sailed around the southern tip of Africa,

named it the Cape of Good Hope. Remember about the current we learned about?

Vasco de Gama Followed Dias’ route, and kept going to India. Thus

opening up the trade route between Portugal and India.

http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/map.html

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Jealousy

First the Italians controlled trade with AsiaThen the PortugueseWhat follows logically

Other countries want a piece of the pie!

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Problem

The Italians and Portuguese are the best sailors.

Solution

?

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Problem

The Italians and Portuguese are the best sailors.

Solution

Hire an Italian or a Portuguese sailor

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Christopher Columbus

Italian sailor, from GenoaThought he knew a faster routeFirst asked Portuguese, then the Spanish royal courtKing Ferdinand and Queen Isabella assented and

funded the voyage3 ships

Niña Pinta Santa Maria

First voyage left August 3, 1492, and arrive on October 12.

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http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2010/05/05/article-1272921-093BA55C000005DC-175_634x426.jpg

Concept of the World

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How long was the trip?

August 3rd to October 12?

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How long was the trip?

August 3rd to October 12?

More than 2 months.

The crew was close to mutiny. Columbus is said to kept a duplicate log to indicate false progress to show his crew.

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Several Voyages

http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/56/89956-004-9851B885.gif

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Christopher Columbus

The BADTwo days after he “discovered” America, Columbus wrote in his journal that with 50 men he could force “the entire population be taken to Castile, or held captive.” On his second voyage, December 1494, Columbus captured 1,500 Tainos on the island of Hispaniola and herded them to Isabela, where 550 of “the best males and females” were forced aboard ships bound for the slave markets of Seville.

Under Columbus’ leadership, the Spanish attacked Taino, sparing neither men, women, nor children. Warfare, forced labor, starvation, and disease reduced Hispaniola’s Taino population (estimated at one million to two million in 1492) to extinction within 30 years.

http://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/04/opinion/l-slavery-and-colonialism-make-up-the-true-legacy-of-columbus-866089.html?ref=christophercolumbus

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Splitting up the World

In response to westward exploration, Pope Alexander VI drew an imaginary line around the world. West of the line belonged to Spain, east to Portugal.

The king of Portugal petitioned for a new line, one that favored Portugal. A new line was drawn.

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Treaty of Tordesillas

http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa112999a.htm

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Impact

What present day situations can be traced directly back to the Treaty of Tordesillas?

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Impact

What present day situations can be traced directly back to the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Brazil and Macau both speak Portuguese.

http://www.greece-map.net/south-america/south-america-map.gifhttp://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jEE5NgSvBAo/TjgJvePVwfI/

AAAAAAAACp8/1vV3NhDAHxo/s1600/macau+map+2003b.jpg

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Three More Sailors

1. Amerigo Vespucci a. Does that name sound familiar?b. 1501

2. Vasco Nunez de Balboaa. Crossed Panama and found the Pacific Oceanb. 1513

3. Ferdinand Magellana. Considered a great explorerb. Set out in 1519 with 5 shipsc. Circumnavigated the worldd. Only one ship returned, sans Magellan, in 1522

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http://www.robinsonlibrary.com/geography/geography/discoveries/graphics/magellan2.gif

Magellan’s Route

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The flipside of exploration

Conquest

There were 2 main reasons to colonize the new world Ideological expansion with missionaries Economic expansion with mercantilism

Exports over importsRelied on trade

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Existing peoples

Spanish explorers didn’t have many scruples about dominating cultures they met, including Aztecs and Incas.In 1519, Hernando Cortes landed on the coast of

Mexico.The Aztec emperor, Montezuma thought Cortes

was an Aztec god.Cortes took advantage and used Montezuma to

rule the Aztecs1521, La Noche Triste1521, Tenochtitlan falls, replaced with Mexico

City

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Fall of the Incas

In 1531, a conquistador named Francisco Pizarro led 180 men into Peru.

Slaughtered the Incas and their emperor.

http://search.snapdo.com/?category=Images&start=1&st=ds&q=pic+of+Francisco+Pizarro

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The secret weapons

Guile

Disease

Technology

Brutality

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The secret weapons

Guile – seeming nice and then being mean

Disease

Technology

Brutality

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The secret weapons

Guile – seeming nice and then being mean

Disease – small pox

Technology

Brutality

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The secret weapons

Guile – seeming nice and then being mean

Disease – small pox

Technology – better guns, cannons, boats

Brutality

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The secret weapons

Guile – seeming nice and then being mean

Disease – small pox

Technology – better guns, cannons, boats

Brutality – felt a human’s life was worth less than profit

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Graphic Organizer

1492 1542

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Key Questions

Why did the Europeans want to explore the Americas?

Why did Native American Civilizations fall so quickly?

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Home Fun

Pretend that you’re a member of the Santa Maria’s crew. Write what it feels like to see land after 3 months at sea.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KebR0l0W4tg