• Source of energy• Two types

– Simple (sugars)– Complex (starches)

• Found in milk & sugar• Releases insulin• Daily intake 180-300 g.

Carbohydrates

• Breaks down into sugar• Causes blood sugar to rise• 3-5 servings a day• What most foods are made of• Too much=extra body fat

Carbohydrates

• Component in food• Fuel source• Storage in body • Can be unhealthy • Come in different forms

– Unsaturated (good)– saturated (too much=bad)– Trans (too much=bad)

Fats

• Builds, maintains, replaces tissues in body

• Makes up body• Increases strength• Helps muscles grow• Best sources

– Beef– Poultry– fish

Protein

• Vegetable sources are best• Muscles & immune system made up

of• Makes protein molecules• Breaks down proteins into amino

acids• Builds muscles• Stimulates growth• Needs 40-50 g. each day

Protein

• Need it to survive• Half of body weight• Need it to digest food• Cells depend on• In fruit & vegetables• Need to drink

Water

• Good for bowels• Can lower blood cholesterol• Prevents diabetes• No calories• In fruits & whole-grains• Found in plants

Fibre

Dietary Minerals

• naturally occurring chemical• two types: trace & macro• minerals help body grow, repair &

develop• main sources: calcium, iron &

potassium

Trace and Macro Minerals

• only few trace needed• large portions of macro needed• macro: calcium & potassium• trace: iodine & iron• trace can be very bad if too much

Vitamins

• two types: fat soluble & water soluble

• water soluble travel through blood-stream

• fat soluble stored in body• helps immune system• body needs them to grow

Vitamin A

• helps eyesight & seeing in the dark

• keeps skin healthy• helps maintain proper growth • found in milk, liver, orange fruit

and veggies & dark green veggies

Vitamin B

• more than one: B1, B2, B6 & B12• makes energy & blood cells• is stored in body until needed• found in grains, seafood,

potatoes, dairy & fruit

Vitamin C

• heals cuts and wounds• helps body resist infection• keeps muscles and gums in good

shape• found in oranges, strawberries &

other fruit

Vitamin D

• needed to form & develop bones when young

• needed for strong bones & teeth• helps body absorb calcium• found in milk, fish, egg yolk, liver

& cereal

Vitamin E

• protects lungs from polluted air• maintains body tissues• helps form blood cells • found in grains, wheat germ,

green veggies, sardines, egg yolks, nuts & seeds

Bibliography

• http://www.thefoodchart.com/dietary-minerals.php

• http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/minerals.html

• http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/vitamin.html

• www.helpwithcooking.com/nutritioninformation/vitamin-guide.html

• www.kidshealth.com• www.hsph.harvard.edu• http://www.kidzworld.com/article/7582-nutrition-protein• www.nutrition.about.com