Consonant Consonant SoundsSounds

t voiceless sound t voiceless sound

The front part of the tongue touches The front part of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge.the alveolar ridge.

Produce it without moving your Produce it without moving your voice box.voice box.

Rule Rule

Whenever this sound comes in the Whenever this sound comes in the beginning of the word, it gets beginning of the word, it gets aspirated.aspirated.

TTongueongue TTouchouch TTipip TTogetherogether TTorchorch AAttttachach painpaintt

He He ttakes the bus akes the bus tto work everyday.o work everyday. He is He is ttall and has dark hair.all and has dark hair. TTurn left. Walk three blocks.urn left. Walk three blocks. IItt’s ’s ttaking a long time.aking a long time. The package weighs The package weighs ttwo pounds.wo pounds. The soup The soup ttasasttes sales saltty.y. He always sHe always sttudied hard before a udied hard before a ttesestt.. Did you use Did you use tto o ttravel a loravel a lott for work. for work.

d voiced soundd voiced sound

Produce from the same place as t Produce from the same place as t sound by moving voice box.sound by moving voice box.

DDoctoroctor DDolloll DDanceance DDivisionivision DDeepeep BaBadd blabladdee

I I ddon’t unon’t undderstanerstandd.. She’s making She’s making ddinner.inner. We We ddon’t own a car.on’t own a car. Someone is at the Someone is at the ddoor.oor. I I ddrink coffee every morning.rink coffee every morning. WoulWouldd you like some tea? you like some tea? You coulYou couldd meet for lunch or meet for lunch or ddinner.inner. DDoctors study for many years.octors study for many years.

s voiceless sounds voiceless sound

The front part of the tongue touches The front part of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge, similarly as t and the alveolar ridge, similarly as t and d sounds.d sounds.

Produce it without moving your Produce it without moving your voice box.voice box.

SSoftoft SSetet SSocialocial SSocietyociety SSinging AAssssumeume mimissss

Doctors Doctors sstudy for many years.tudy for many years. I always eat I always eat ccereals for breakfaereals for breakfasst.t. SSchool chool sstarttartss at 8:00 and finishes at at 8:00 and finishes at

3:00.3:00. It It ssometimes rains here in the ometimes rains here in the ssummer.ummer. The The ssoup tastes oup tastes ssalty.alty. BiBiccycliyclissts muts musst obey all traffic lightt obey all traffic lightss in in

the the ccity.ity. You are a student, aren’t you?You are a student, aren’t you?

z voiced soundz voiced sound

Produce from the same place as s Produce from the same place as s sound by moving voice box.sound by moving voice box.

ZZoneone ZZipip ZZebraebra ZZealeal RiRissee FroFrozzee rorossee

Be careful! The floor iBe careful! The floor iss wet. wet. It waIt wass raining. raining. I have a car, and so doeI have a car, and so doess she. she. This town iThis town iss too small. too small. Every one knowEvery one knows s each other.each other. He works more quickly than she doeHe works more quickly than she doess.. My office iMy office iss a ass big a big ass hi hiss office. office. When you viWhen you vissit a national park, you it a national park, you

can go fishing.can go fishing.

sh (sh (ʃʃ) voiceless sound) voiceless sound

The front part of the tongue touches The front part of the tongue touches the back side of the alveolar ridge the back side of the alveolar ridge and front part of the hard palate.and front part of the hard palate.

Produce it without moving voice box.Produce it without moving voice box.

ShShipip ShShoulderoulder ShSharparp ShShowow FreFreshsh SmaSmashsh cracrashsh

ShShe seems angry.e seems angry. SSure. You can use my computer.ure. You can use my computer. Can I have coffee with milk and Can I have coffee with milk and

ssugar.ugar. Where Where shshould we go for dinner?ould we go for dinner? You have got to finiYou have got to finishsh today. today. We’ve got to send out the invitaWe’ve got to send out the invitatiotions ns

today.today. He works more quickly than He works more quickly than shshe does.e does.

Z (ʒ) voiced soundZ (ʒ) voiced sound

Produce from the same place as sh Produce from the same place as sh sound by moving voice box.sound by moving voice box.

MeaMeassureure ViVissionion TreaTreassureure ViVissualual LeiLeissureure pleapleassureure

It was a pleaIt was a pleasusure to go to Are to go to Assia.ia. His viHis visiosion was to find trean was to find treasusure.re. The invaThe invasiosion created divin created divisiosion among n among

the people.the people. There was a colliThere was a collisiosion and an n and an

exploexplosiosion.n. While the student did some reviWhile the student did some revisiosion n

for his exam, he watched televifor his exam, he watched televisiosion.n. It was a happy occaIt was a happy occasiosion.n. I saw how he meaI saw how he measusured the erored the erosiosion n

on the televion the televisiosion show.n show.

k voiceless soundk voiceless sound

The back part of the tongue touches The back part of the tongue touches the velum or soft palate.the velum or soft palate.

Produce without moving voice box.Produce without moving voice box.

RuleRule

When it comes in the beginning of When it comes in the beginning of the word, it gets aspirated. the word, it gets aspirated.

CCarar KKeepeep KKiteite KKangrooangroo CCallall SpeaSpeakk tatackcklele

The The cclub meets in the library every lub meets in the library every Friday.Friday.

They want a new They want a new ccar.ar. We belong to the soWe belong to the soccccer er cclub.lub. My mother often My mother often ccooks for us.ooks for us. The The ccafeteria food is usually bad.afeteria food is usually bad. Stop the Stop the ccar.ar. In order to finish my In order to finish my ChChristmas ristmas

shopping early, I started in November.shopping early, I started in November.

g voiced soundg voiced sound

Produce from the same place as k Produce from the same place as k sound by moving voice box.sound by moving voice box.

GGrouproup GGameame GGoaloal GGunun GGumum ManManggoo mumugg

My My ggrades are improving this rades are improving this semester.semester.

Computers are Computers are ggetting cheaper all etting cheaper all the time.the time.

The The ggarden was beautiful last year.arden was beautiful last year. I will be able to see better after I I will be able to see better after I gget et

new new gglasses.lasses. I forI forggot to ot to ggo to her party.o to her party. Keep up the Keep up the ggood work.ood work.

ch (ch (tʃtʃ) voiceless sound ) voiceless sound

The middle part of the tongue The middle part of the tongue touches the back of the alveolar touches the back of the alveolar ridge and front of the hard palate.ridge and front of the hard palate.

Produce without moving voice box.Produce without moving voice box.

ChChickenicken ChChineseinese ChChocolateocolate ChChipsips ChChinin FrenFrenchch benbenchch

I’m looking for a I’m looking for a chcheap car.eap car. They’ll probably win the They’ll probably win the chchampionship.ampionship. I ate too muI ate too muchch pizza. pizza. I bought a lot of potato I bought a lot of potato chchips.ips. You could meet for lunYou could meet for lunchch or dinner. or dinner. We have few sandwiWe have few sandwichches.es. There are so many There are so many chchoices in this oices in this

menu.menu. He is a He is a chchampion.ampion.

J (dʒ) voiced soundJ (dʒ) voiced sound

Produce from the same place as ch Produce from the same place as ch sound by moving voice box.sound by moving voice box.

JJar ar JJungleungle JJumpump JJobob GGemem BandaBandaggee budbudggetet

They have a larThey have a largege house. house. JJust put it on my desk.ust put it on my desk. You ought to look for a new You ought to look for a new jjob.ob. There is some There is some jjuice in the refriuice in the refriggerator.erator. JJust don’t drop the ust don’t drop the jjar.ar. She earned an averaShe earned an averagge wae wagge.e. She is coming in She is coming in JJune.une. Put this Put this jjug on the table.ug on the table.

m nasal soundm nasal sound

Lips are pressed together, but the Lips are pressed together, but the air escapes through nose. air escapes through nose.

MMangoango MManan MMouthouth MMoreore MMountainountain NaNammee gagammee

CoComme to e to mmy office, please.y office, please. He called five He called five mminutes ago.inutes ago. I’ll I’ll mmove in the suove in the summmmer.er. Would you please look over Would you please look over mmy report?y report? Will you help Will you help mme for a e for a mminute?inute? I have to hurry. I’I have to hurry. I’mm going to be late! going to be late! MMay I have this pen.ay I have this pen. She She mmight coight comme toe tommorrow.orrow.

n nasal soundn nasal sound

The front part of the tongue touches The front part of the tongue touches the alveolar ridge, but air escapes the alveolar ridge, but air escapes through nose.through nose.

NNouounn NNeedleeedle NNoseose NNeckeck NNurseurse JaJannee maimainn

She kShe knnows the aows the annswer.swer. He He nnever cleaever cleanns his room.s his room. She is making diShe is making dinnnner er nnow.ow. Electric car will become popular iElectric car will become popular inn

the the nnext teext tenn years. years. She’ll fiShe’ll finnd a d a nnew job.ew job. CaCann I use the computer I use the computer nnow?ow? Your Your nname should be at the top.ame should be at the top.

n~ (ŋ) nasal soundn~ (ŋ) nasal sound

The back part of the tongue touches The back part of the tongue touches the velum or soft palate, and air the velum or soft palate, and air escapes through nose.escapes through nose.

SiSingng RiRingng BriBringng DriDrinnkk SiSinngerger FiFinngerger wriwrinnklekle

She seems aShe seems anngry.gry. It wasn’t rainiIt wasn’t rainingng at lunchtime. at lunchtime. At six o’ clock she was makiAt six o’ clock she was makingng a phone a phone

call.call. I was studyiI was studyingng at Tokyo university in at Tokyo university in

2001.2001. I am goiI am goingng to study hard for the test. to study hard for the test. I have worked here for a loI have worked here for a longng time. time. When I was sleepiWhen I was sleepingng, the telephone , the telephone

rarangng..

l three different soundsl three different sounds

There is a complete closure between There is a complete closure between the centre of the tongue and the the centre of the tongue and the alveolar ridge.alveolar ridge.

The only way for the air to escape is The only way for the air to escape is along the sides of the tongue.along the sides of the tongue.

Rule Rule

It gives different sounds as it change It gives different sounds as it change its place in the word.its place in the word.

It is different in the beginning, It is different in the beginning, middle and end.middle and end.

Three different sounds of Three different sounds of ‘l’‘l’

1.1. Whenever it comes in the Whenever it comes in the beginning of the word, sound gets beginning of the word, sound gets prominent.prominent.

2.2. Whenever it comes in the middle of Whenever it comes in the middle of the word, sound gets merge with the word, sound gets merge with the next sound.the next sound.

3.3. Whenever it comes at the end of Whenever it comes at the end of the word, sound stops.the word, sound stops.

LLanguageanguage LLargearge HeHelldd MeMelltt SoSolldd MiddMiddllee shrishrillll

She She llikes sports.ikes sports. LLook! It’s snowing.ook! It’s snowing. This week I’m doing research at the This week I’m doing research at the

llibrary.ibrary. I’ve I’ve llived here since I was 20.ived here since I was 20. Strong winds can cause a Strong winds can cause a llot of ot of

damage.damage. Turn Turn lleft. Walk three beft. Walk three bllocks.ocks. LLet the door be open.et the door be open.

w approximant soundw approximant sound

Lips get round.Lips get round.

Tongue will not touch any part in the Tongue will not touch any part in the mouth. It remains in the air. mouth. It remains in the air.

WWaterater WWarar WWhenhen WWarmarm WWaitait flofloww belobeloww

WWe have dinner at 6:00.e have dinner at 6:00. Be careful! The floor is Be careful! The floor is wwet.et. Please Please wwatch your step.atch your step. I don’t feel I don’t feel wwell.ell. I I wwas at the concert.as at the concert. WWe e wweren’t angry.eren’t angry. WWe e wwent shopping yesterday.ent shopping yesterday. I I wworked there for many years.orked there for many years.

r approximant soundr approximant sound

Tongue rolls back to the middle of Tongue rolls back to the middle of the alveolar ridge and the hard the alveolar ridge and the hard palate, but do not touch it. palate, but do not touch it.

RRoleole RRightight RoRoofof RRankank MaMarrkk BoBorrrrowow rrubbeubberr

She has a She has a rred car.ed car. He neveHe neverr cleans the cleans the rroom.oom. It It rrained haained harrd all afted all afterrnoon.noon. Sally walked home in the Sally walked home in the rrain.ain. When the phone When the phone rrang, I answeang, I answerred it.ed it. If you elect me, I won’t If you elect me, I won’t rraise taxes.aise taxes. Would you please look over my Would you please look over my rreports?eports? The The rroots of this plant are veoots of this plant are verry long.y long.

Y (j) approximant soundY (j) approximant sound

The middle part of the tongue raise The middle part of the tongue raise towards the hard palate, but do not towards the hard palate, but do not touch it.touch it.

YYellowellow YYouou YYorkork YYetet PPuurere CCuurere ttuunene

I believe I believe yyou.ou. Please watch Please watch yyour step.our step. We went shopping We went shopping yyesterday.esterday. She She uused to be unfriendly.sed to be unfriendly. When I get home, I’ll call When I get home, I’ll call yyou.ou. The baby can walk, but she can’t talk The baby can walk, but she can’t talk

yyet.et. Don’t Don’t yyawn in my class.awn in my class. YYes es yyou may leave class.ou may leave class.

h narrow vocal cord h narrow vocal cord soundsound

Vocal cords get narrow and air Vocal cords get narrow and air escapes out.escapes out.

HHouseouse HHarmarm HHearteart HHealthyealthy HHandand HHorseorse hhardard

HHe is tall and e is tall and hhas dark as dark hhair.air. Please come Please come hhome early.ome early. I’m painting my I’m painting my hhouse this week.ouse this week. HHe always studied e always studied hhard before a test.ard before a test. HHe seemed e seemed hhappy to see me.appy to see me. I’ve worked I’ve worked hhere since 2000.ere since 2000. HHow old are you?ow old are you? HHave a nice day!ave a nice day!