SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND …ebtc.eu/pdf/140310_EBTC-Report-on-smart-sustainable-cities-in...REPORT ON SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE IN INDIA Considering innovative

REPORT ON

SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE IN INDIAConsidering innovative solutions and high level strategic

planning for Smart-Sustainable cities in India

December 2013

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REPORT ON

SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE IN INDIA

Considering innovative solutions and high level strategic planning for Smart-Sustainable cities in India

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................... 4

1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................ 5

2. METHODOLOGY......................................................................................... 5

3. URBAN CHALLENGES ................................................................................ 8

4. BANGALORE’S SCENARIOS ..................................................................... 10

5. SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT AND FINDINGS............................................. 15

5.1 Smart and Sustainable Building .................................................................... 15

5.2 Smart and Sustainable Mobility .................................................................... 18

5.3 Smart and Sustainable Infrastructure............................................................ 21

6. CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................ 24

ANNEX 1......................................................................................................... 25

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The present report outlines the outcome of an analysis exercise centred on aScenario Workshop, held in Bangalore on September 6, 2013.

The workshop was organized in the framework of the European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC) project by Politecnico di Torino in collaboration with the Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (IICCI).

The overall objective of the workshop was to situate the current developmental initiatives in Bangalore’s urban space and to derive principles for planning an Indian SMART and sustainable city inspired by the European experience by involving public administration representatives, businesses and professionals from Bangalore.

The Scenario Workshop methodology developed by the European Commission, DG Innovation, aims at facilitating the discussion and selection of actions within a number of possible future scenarios, among stakeholders related to a specific reference context. Participants worked in role groups (public administrators, business and professionals) in a first stage and in thematic groups (building, mobility and infrastructure) in a second stage.

Several challenges as potential causes for a catastrophic scenario materialization in Bangalore in 2025 were identified and discussed. Bangalore as a sustainable and smart city in 2025 was visualised as a metropolitan area built with a decentralized and polycentric approach, in which residential and economic activities werebalanced; a well-connected city with an efficient public transport responsive to citizens’ needs; a metropolitan area served with innovative and effective energy infrastructure.

REPORT ON SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE IN INDIA

EUROPEAN BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY CENTRE

4

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The present report outlines the outcome of an analysis exercise centred on aScenario Workshop, held in Bangalore on September 6, 2013.

The workshop was organized in the framework of the European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC) project by Politecnico di Torino in collaboration with the Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (IICCI).

The overall objective of the workshop was to situate the current developmental initiatives in Bangalore’s urban space and to derive principles for planning an Indian SMART and sustainable city inspired by the European experience by involving public administration representatives, businesses and professionals from Bangalore.

The Scenario Workshop methodology developed by the European Commission, DG Innovation, aims at facilitating the discussion and selection of actions within a number of possible future scenarios, among stakeholders related to a specific reference context. Participants worked in role groups (public administrators, business and professionals) in a first stage and in thematic groups (building, mobility and infrastructure) in a second stage.

Several challenges as potential causes for a catastrophic scenario materialization in Bangalore in 2025 were identified and discussed. Bangalore as a sustainable and smart city in 2025 was visualised as a metropolitan area built with a decentralized and polycentric approach, in which residential and economic activities werebalanced; a well-connected city with an efficient public transport responsive to citizens’ needs; a metropolitan area served with innovative and effective energy infrastructure.

1. INTRODUCTION

The present report outlines the outcome of an analysis exercise centred on aworkshop undertaken in Bangalore in September 2013 in the framework of the EU Project European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC). It involved public administration representatives, businesses and professionals with the aim to deriveprinciples and guidelines for planning an Indian SMART and sustainable city inspired by the European experience.

After a description of the Scenario Workshop methodology, we outline in Section 3the urban challenges that have been expressed by the stakeholders during their visioning exercise referred to 12-year perspective scenarios. Section 4 summarises Bangalore positive scenarios and reports on the suggestions emerged in the three of the key domains of a smart and sustainable city, namely Mobility, Buildings and Infrastructures. The last paragraph contains the conclusions, which might guidedecision makers and professionals involved in sustainable and smart cities development.

2. METHODOLOGY

The Scenario Workshop method has been developed by the European Commission,DG Innovation, to facilitate the discussion and selection of actions, within a number of possible future scenarios. It was aimed at encouraging public debate, to create a balanced relationship between society, technology and environment and to ensure sustainable development according to the wishes and needs of local communities.

The objectives of a Scenario Workshop can be summarised as follows:

to identify and clarify the various possible combinations of technology, public policy, actions by different stakeholders;

to allow an exchange of knowledge, opinions and ideas among technological experts, private-sector representatives and policy-makers;

to identify and discuss the similarities and differences in the perception of problems and their possible solutions between the different role groups involved;

to generate new ideas and guidelines for action, policy and future initiatives to be undertaken at the various levels (local, national, international).


Enhancing EU-India Collaboration in Clean Technologies

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The Scenario Workshop scheme applied in the present case consists in the following steps:

Step 1. Group Session 1 - Ideas of Role Groups: three different target groups (Public Administrators, Investors and Professionals) develop and discuss one negative and one positive scenario. The negative visioning exercise was triggered by the following question: “We were in 2025. 12 years ago we tried to influence the Government to set up new sustainable and smart cities around Bangalore. We gave suggestions, bringing EU experience, but now we were facing a disaster. All those who contributed to the plan that was a failure were called to make an analysis to understand: what went wrong?”.

The positive scenario visioning was provoked by the following question: “We were in 2025. Everybody in the World was looking at Bangalore as a champion of sustainability and smartness. Bangalore set the trend. The decisions taken in 2013 resulted in a success! What happened?”.

As a result of the discussion of the negative scenarios and positive scenarios, each group selected three views on the issues considered as being the key for a desirable change in the future. A total on nine final positive scenarios were brought to the Plenary Session.

Step 2. Plenary Session 1 – Visioning: each of the three role groups presentedthe “top 3” positive scenarios. Individuals were asked to vote the best 3 ideas/scenarios. Group members voted for the other groups’ ideas/scenarios. The result of this exercise was the selection of three positive scenarios to be further developed by Theme Groups.

Step 3. Plenary Session 2 - The Themes: the aim of this session was to reach a common vision of the participants on the three positive scenarios and to allocate each of them to a Theme Group for the following session.

Step 4. Group Session 2 – Prioritising in Working Groups: participants weredivided in thematic groups (Building, Mobility, Infrastructure) to elaborate the actions, which would implement the common visions emerging from the previous session. They were to focus on: i. What ought to be done; and ii. When? Aprioritising method was used, consisting of analysing different options and ranking them, based on a double choice: now and later.

Two sub-sessions were envisaged:

Looking at Europe

Six good practices in the relevant themes from the EU were presented: 3 strategic projects and 3 innovative policies. The participants were asked whether/what type of



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The Scenario Workshop scheme applied in the present case consists in the following steps:

Step 1. Group Session 1 - Ideas of Role Groups: three different target groups (Public Administrators, Investors and Professionals) develop and discuss one negative and one positive scenario. The negative visioning exercise was triggered by the following question: “We were in 2025. 12 years ago we tried to influence the Government to set up new sustainable and smart cities around Bangalore. We gave suggestions, bringing EU experience, but now we were facing a disaster. All those who contributed to the plan that was a failure were called to make an analysis to understand: what went wrong?”.

The positive scenario visioning was provoked by the following question: “We were in 2025. Everybody in the World was looking at Bangalore as a champion of sustainability and smartness. Bangalore set the trend. The decisions taken in 2013 resulted in a success! What happened?”.

As a result of the discussion of the negative scenarios and positive scenarios, each group selected three views on the issues considered as being the key for a desirable change in the future. A total on nine final positive scenarios were brought to the Plenary Session.

Step 2. Plenary Session 1 – Visioning: each of the three role groups presentedthe “top 3” positive scenarios. Individuals were asked to vote the best 3 ideas/scenarios. Group members voted for the other groups’ ideas/scenarios. The result of this exercise was the selection of three positive scenarios to be further developed by Theme Groups.

Step 3. Plenary Session 2 - The Themes: the aim of this session was to reach a common vision of the participants on the three positive scenarios and to allocate each of them to a Theme Group for the following session.

Step 4. Group Session 2 – Prioritising in Working Groups: participants weredivided in thematic groups (Building, Mobility, Infrastructure) to elaborate the actions, which would implement the common visions emerging from the previous session. They were to focus on: i. What ought to be done; and ii. When? Aprioritising method was used, consisting of analysing different options and ranking them, based on a double choice: now and later.

Two sub-sessions were envisaged:

Looking at Europe

Six good practices in the relevant themes from the EU were presented: 3 strategic projects and 3 innovative policies. The participants were asked whether/what type of

projects implemented in Europe could be applicable in Bangalore and, in case they were, if they would include them immediately in their action plan or later on. From a prioritisation procedure each group selected one European strategic project and one innovative policy as the most appropriate to inspire sustainable urban developmentin Bangalore.

Looking at India (implementing the vision)

Each group transformed the vision identified in the previous session (see Step 3) into strategic projects and innovative policies. Each participant suggested one option per category. From the discussion three strategic projects and three innovative policies emerged. Participants voted for their priorities (NOW). Other choices could be expressed by each participant for actions to be implemented (LATER). Based on the priorities expressed, one strategic project and one innovative policy were selected per theme group.

Step 5. Plenary Session 3 – The Priorities: the results of the thematic sessions for each group were presented. Each group highlighted their main strategic policy and project and the justification for selection. The priorities were reported, summarizing the discussions underlying the various options/actions and the overall number of supporting votes by the group members. Guidelines for SMART and sustainable cities in India emerged.

As a background of the exercise the LEGEM case study was taken into consideration. The LEGEM project was chosen as the most suitable case study, as it offered aproposed set of Guidelines for Urban Development, highlighting the key concept of a modern well planned city, specifically designed for the Indian environment, which could potentially have a good multiplier effect. Such guidelines are relevant for theIndian Government initiatives as many Indian states (Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu) have identified specific projects for the development of new and sustainable cities, either as satellite townships to Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities or along the new logistic corridors that are under construction as one of the possible answers to the soaring urbanisation process.

LEGEM envisions a city to be planned and built in compliance with the highest international performance standards related to quality, durability, energy efficiency and sustainability of the constructions and materials, to combine aesthetics with quality of life and environmental & social. LEGEM vision was in fact that of a Human Centric city based on a new paradigm of harmony balancing beauty (of the living space), smartness (of systems) and sustainability, integrated and controlled by an Intelligent City Management Platform. The sustainability of the city should be achieved by integrating 3 interdependent and mutually reinforcing aspects: social, economic and environmental.



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In this context, the Scenario Workshop was an exercise of visioning and a “consensus conference” to test with relevant Indian stakeholders the vision of the LEGEM project.

3. URBAN CHALLENGES

During the negative scenario visioning exercise, three Role Groups - namely Public Administrators, Investors and Professionals – identified the possible challenges to be faced by the city of Bangalore.

The challenges envisaged by the Public Administrators’ group were:

Lack of systemic view and poor execution

Unsustainable conceptualization of projects; ‘no-full systems view’ lead to more problems and side effects.

Very slow implementation – decision analysis. High corruption poor execution.

Un-synchronised planning

Infrastructure designed could not estimate the rapid influx of immigrant.

Un-synchronized planning by various governmental departmentsled to delays.

Over-concentration of people – utilities could not catch up.

Lack of coordination and expertise slowing the process

Project approvals being stuck with government because of political issues.

Lack of coordination. Road blocks for foreign investments and expertise which slow

down the process. Project plan becoming outdated. Over population (incapacity to deal).

Lack of awareness Lack of awareness of the surroundings due to lack of sensitivity. Mismanagement of human resources, money, lack of order from

conception to execution.

Lifestyle and access to technologies

Necessary to work more on changing the lifestyle of people in city.

Application of modern technology not user friendly. Badly defined systems and administration in the need of the

hour.

Law and order Law and order problem.

General Negative Scenario

Distribution water shortage; poor living; urban congestion; traffic; no proper public transport system; power shortage.

Food security. Population boom. Pollution.



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In this context, the Scenario Workshop was an exercise of visioning and a “consensus conference” to test with relevant Indian stakeholders the vision of the LEGEM project.

3. URBAN CHALLENGES

During the negative scenario visioning exercise, three Role Groups - namely Public Administrators, Investors and Professionals – identified the possible challenges to be faced by the city of Bangalore.

The challenges envisaged by the Public Administrators’ group were:

Lack of systemic view and poor execution

Unsustainable conceptualization of projects; ‘no-full systems view’ lead to more problems and side effects.

Very slow implementation – decision analysis. High corruption poor execution.


Infrastructure designed could not estimate the rapid influx of immigrant.

Un-synchronized planning by various governmental departmentsled to delays.

Over-concentration of people – utilities could not catch up.

Lack of coordination and expertise slowing the process

Project approvals being stuck with government because of political issues.

Lack of coordination. Road blocks for foreign investments and expertise which slow

down the process. Project plan becoming outdated. Over population (incapacity to deal).

Lack of awareness Lack of awareness of the surroundings due to lack of sensitivity. Mismanagement of human resources, money, lack of order from

conception to execution.


Necessary to work more on changing the lifestyle of people in city.

Application of modern technology not user friendly. Badly defined systems and administration in the need of the

hour.

Law and order Law and order problem.

General Negative Scenario

Distribution water shortage; poor living; urban congestion; traffic; no proper public transport system; power shortage.

Food security. Population boom. Pollution.

The challenges envisaged by the Investors’ group were the following:

Lack of action Everything went wrong- Nothing happened – No proper energy, waste management issues.

Traffic + Water = Failure

Water and transportation problems -Water shortage in the city, ring road not developed, land acquisition problem.

Lack of Prediction Total lack of Prediction for 2025. Total disaster in technology, transportation and infrastructure.

Lack of Planning Lack of planning and growth not forecasted. Population growth was not estimated and projected and none of

the basic city facilities were being integrated into the co system.

Governance No Tolerance

Urban planning was not at all properly managed. The development of energy waste management was very much slower than the requirement. Governance no tolerance.

No Land Developed + No Financial Support = No Initiative

No land development. No financial support. No land was allocated. Financial closure was not done, vested interests, lack of inclusion of city planning.

The challenges envisaged by the Professionals’ group were the following:

Lack of vision

Different administrative offices do not undertake a team exercise to create a vision and work on the vision. Each department does his work without knowledge of other departments.

Decentralized and clustered development not followed; public transport integration not done; resource management (water supply, power) not achieved.

Lack of accountability; monitoring of plans/ schemes/ projects. Lack of awareness among the public authorities.

Governance failure

Governance failed in Bangalore. It failed to give the right policies at the right time. Weak implementation mechanism and rampant and sporadic growth eventually choked the city.

Wrong governance and implementation; basic needs fulfilment was ignored (housing, sanitation, public transport).

Making a city work only on one sector (i.e. Detroit); giving a free hand to private developers and develop mega-gated communities (dead spaces); no single window representations for civic authorities (encourage blame game); no integration of transport.

More focus on economic development and not on environment.

Infrastructure failure

Non-decentralization of urbanization; not focused on development of satellite cities; underestimation of city development.

Unbalanced demand and supply; no sufficient water since improper planning in re-use of waste, water as there was no space for garden, water use, toilet flush water, re-use.



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Population increase, encroaching intro neighbouring villages; lack of infrastructure facilities and basic needs, also the greediness of people.

Social failure People come from village for jobs. Needs of the local community were neglected; increase in

population was not foreseen, was underestimated.

4. BANGALORE’S SCENARIOS

Some positive scenarios were developed by the three role groups based on a twelve-year perspective (2025) in Bangalore.

The visioning exercise of the Public Administrators’ group resulted in the following scenarios:

The City of Community Participation

Creating awareness on improving the quality of life in all aspects. Sensitising all section of people from the general public to the

administrators to the executers. Understanding the need for balance in all spheres. Design of self-contained townships’ led to lesser stress on

resources. A participatory ‘city sustainability plan’ was developed and

rigorously implemented. Behavioural changes in communities due to increased

environmental awareness.

Decongested City With Smart Transport

Urban competition relied. Alternative city like Mysore developed. Alternative city Kolan developed. Alternative city Trunkum developed. Solar energy. Decongesting / transport. Bangalore the emerged city. De-centralization of the city. Multi-modal public transport. Eco-friendly auto-mobiles. Running on non-conventional fuels. Two airports. Urban afforestation resulted in Bangalore having green cover like

the 80s.

Self-Sufficient City

Energetic civil society brought about political and government reforms.

Polycentric city. Network and villages connected by public transport but self sufficient in all aspects.

Awareness companies. Low consumption public transport, sustainable lifestyle.

Special attitude to solve problems – no inequality. Responsible citizens. Good co-operation.



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Population increase, encroaching intro neighbouring villages; lack of infrastructure facilities and basic needs, also the greediness of people.

Social failure People come from village for jobs. Needs of the local community were neglected; increase in

population was not foreseen, was underestimated.

4. BANGALORE’S SCENARIOS

Some positive scenarios were developed by the three role groups based on a twelve-year perspective (2025) in Bangalore.

The visioning exercise of the Public Administrators’ group resulted in the following scenarios:

The City of Community Participation

Creating awareness on improving the quality of life in all aspects. Sensitising all section of people from the general public to the

administrators to the executers. Understanding the need for balance in all spheres. Design of self-contained townships’ led to lesser stress on

resources. A participatory ‘city sustainability plan’ was developed and

rigorously implemented. Behavioural changes in communities due to increased

environmental awareness.


Urban competition relied. Alternative city like Mysore developed. Alternative city Kolan developed. Alternative city Trunkum developed. Solar energy. Decongesting / transport. Bangalore the emerged city. De-centralization of the city. Multi-modal public transport. Eco-friendly auto-mobiles. Running on non-conventional fuels. Two airports. Urban afforestation resulted in Bangalore having green cover like

the 80s.

Self-Sufficient City

Energetic civil society brought about political and government reforms.

Polycentric city. Network and villages connected by public transport but self sufficient in all aspects.

Awareness companies. Low consumption public transport, sustainable lifestyle.

Special attitude to solve problems – no inequality. Responsible citizens. Good co-operation.

To generate power by using renewable energy in order to decrease pollution.

Self-sufficiency. To shift some companies and industries to the rural areas

(ex. Districts head quarters / small towns).

Glocal User Friendly City

People in Bangalore have unique and ideal life style: Asian tradition with Western outlook.

Every activity was technology driven and was very effective.

Model Knowledge City

Knowledge hub. Clean & Green environment through best planning/technology

& maintenance.

Greener bang

Greener Bangalore. Movement of vehicles on the correct path. Goodbye to polystyrene. Generating power through natural sources. Self employment. Segregation of waste generating. Proper infrastructure of waste segregation.

Good governance city

Improvement in infrastructure facilities. Efficient governance. Employment, potentiality. Better standard living.

The visioning exercise of the Investors’ group resulted in the following scenarios:

Co Investment –Public Private Partnership

Project was running, land was given and finance was given by the Government. Investors came in. Core investment happened. The PPP happened.

Time Management = Project Management

Time management = Quality with quantity together and a good project management.

See the Future and Build a Demo

Need to see the future and build a prototype or pilot project. We saw the future and build a model and implemented the model. Foresee pollution growth and all allied necessities. Build manageable cities and replicate the same based on the success factor.

We did the right projection for projects like development of new airport. Listen to people about their demands for better facilities and understanding the future requirements.

Appropriate Flexible Expansion

Outstanding city for humans. All the authorities have been actively and effectively working for predicting future key trends. A fully integrated plan has been prepared and developed and now the entire city has changed to attract people for quality life.

Energy Energy Infrastructure a key aspect for success - Clean Energy and



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Infrastructure (gas network)

energy planning made a success. Natural gas network implemented. Availability of NG pipeline and NG network feeding power plants and fuel needs in the city.

The visioning exercise of the Professionals’ group resulted in the following scenarios:

Integrated Transport Systems

Strong pedestrian and cycling to work; transparent open spaces which were children friendly; multi-model transport system; good governance at local bodies; civil participation in decision making; keeping mega commercial centres outside the city; importance to historic precincts.

Transportation needs more elevated roads and metro lines, bribes to be avoided, participation of politicians of all kind to be avoid, strict implication of building norms and main transport system.

Citizens Involvement and Cooperation

Bottom-up approach and not top-down approach; citizen’s involvement in policy making and implementation.

Public awareness on environment, city decentralization, individual’s contribution towards making smart city.

A well spread homogeneous development; increased awareness and better civic sense.

Social Infra-Culture Education Heritage

Better living with respect to infrastructure, transport, education, lighting; better a CEO type of administration than political set up.;

Good quality of life; walking streets and city centres; seamless public transport; vibrant and solar neighbourhoods; clean & noise-free environment.

Better climate compared to other cities; best transport; best people around; opportunity for growth of individual; best educational institution; entrainment places.

Easy access to transport and building for disable people; developed cultural activities (museum, theatre, meeting points etc).

Balanced & well-Planned Economic Activities

Multidisciplinary job opportunities; work place, recreation habitat were close enough; best climate compared to other parts of India.

Excellent integration between various parastatals; clean and green surroundings; short walking and biking distances to major facilities.

Sustainable development (economic + environment + community) handled well by administrators.

Bangalore administration implemented a holistic approach; steps were taken towards tacking all major issues like water, housing, sanitation etc in sustainable manner; civil society, professional government worked together.



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Infrastructure (gas network)

energy planning made a success. Natural gas network implemented. Availability of NG pipeline and NG network feeding power plants and fuel needs in the city.

The visioning exercise of the Professionals’ group resulted in the following scenarios:

Integrated Transport Systems

Strong pedestrian and cycling to work; transparent open spaces which were children friendly; multi-model transport system; good governance at local bodies; civil participation in decision making; keeping mega commercial centres outside the city; importance to historic precincts.

Transportation needs more elevated roads and metro lines, bribes to be avoided, participation of politicians of all kind to be avoid, strict implication of building norms and main transport system.

Citizens Involvement and Cooperation

Bottom-up approach and not top-down approach; citizen’s involvement in policy making and implementation.

Public awareness on environment, city decentralization, individual’s contribution towards making smart city.

A well spread homogeneous development; increased awareness and better civic sense.

Social Infra-Culture Education Heritage

Better living with respect to infrastructure, transport, education, lighting; better a CEO type of administration than political set up.;

Good quality of life; walking streets and city centres; seamless public transport; vibrant and solar neighbourhoods; clean & noise-free environment.

Better climate compared to other cities; best transport; best people around; opportunity for growth of individual; best educational institution; entrainment places.

Easy access to transport and building for disable people; developed cultural activities (museum, theatre, meeting points etc).

Balanced & well-Planned Economic Activities

Multidisciplinary job opportunities; work place, recreation habitat were close enough; best climate compared to other parts of India.

Excellent integration between various parastatals; clean and green surroundings; short walking and biking distances to major facilities.

Sustainable development (economic + environment + community) handled well by administrators.

Bangalore administration implemented a holistic approach; steps were taken towards tacking all major issues like water, housing, sanitation etc in sustainable manner; civil society, professional government worked together.

The following table outlines the top 3 positive scenarios selected in each group.

ADMINISTRATORS role group

Self-sufficient City

Plan the city in a manner that has multiple self-sufficient cities within. As the ecological loop is more easily closed under decentralisation, people should participate and take ownership by themselves of the cities within.

Glocal User Friendly City

What is lacking was the use of knowledge and resources (overuse of plastic). We need to work more to make an environmental friendly city, so that anyone in the world would be willing to live in the city.

City of Community Participation

Community participation is key to preserving the culture of a city. For implementing a sustainable plan – a city with self-sustainable townships – community needs to become very environmentally aware and ready to make changes and learn from earlier mistakes.

PROFESSIONALS role group

Integrated transport system (more public)

In Bangalore transport was the major problem. Technology was available but has been abused. We could have a proper transport system but we were not able to plan. There should be establishment of a regional metro system for the public.

Balanced master planning

Well-planned employment or economic activities: decentralized approach like the administrators was mentioned. Catering to the need of society and economic. There should be economic opportunity in jobs. Also the housing should be affordable; there should be also entertainment activities, all in an integrated way.

Citizen involvement in city policies

Policy making should use a bottom-up approach, not just expert, urban planner, but also the end-users should be involved to give a very friendly environment.

INVESTORS role group

See the future and build a pilot

Despite planning one does not foresee the future that’s why we were wrong most of the time. At a macro-level we should see the future in advance in terms of expected number of people and then built that ecosystem. An optimal city system should be flexible and adaptable. Chandigarh and Pondicherry were well-planned cities in India. We should prototype a model, prove that it works, and then replicate it.



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Co-investment and project management

The mantra was co-investing and public private partnership. We also delivered on time (good project management).

Energy infrastructure - gas network

Introducing natural gas network as a specific measure to ensure a better city. Building the infrastructure to provide natural gas.

Following the presentation of each Role Group’s “top 3” Positive Scenarios,individuals voted the best 3 positive ideas/scenarios to be further developed by Theme Groups that were:

1. Self sufficient city

Well connected city with public transport and citizens’ ownership

The city was self-contained. Multiple nodes connected by transport. People take direct ownership of the city and they were participative.

2. Energy infrastructure

Better quality of life with less pollution due to gas network

Self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which was run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a city more beautiful and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city.

3. Balanced master planning

Quality of life by integrating house, office and social activity

Well planned economic activities and employment. Good city was one were oneworks in day hours contently and after one comes home is happy and the week-ends one have free time to enjoy. A good city is where all (our) needs are well planned.



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Co-investment and project management

The mantra was co-investing and public private partnership. We also delivered on time (good project management).

Energy infrastructure - gas network

Introducing natural gas network as a specific measure to ensure a better city. Building the infrastructure to provide natural gas.

Following the presentation of each Role Group’s “top 3” Positive Scenarios,individuals voted the best 3 positive ideas/scenarios to be further developed by Theme Groups that were:

1. Self sufficient city

Well connected city with public transport and citizens’ ownership

The city was self-contained. Multiple nodes connected by transport. People take direct ownership of the city and they were participative.

2. Energy infrastructure

Better quality of life with less pollution due to gas network

Self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which was run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a city more beautiful and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city.

3. Balanced master planning

Quality of life by integrating house, office and social activity

Well planned economic activities and employment. Good city was one were oneworks in day hours contently and after one comes home is happy and the week-ends one have free time to enjoy. A good city is where all (our) needs are well planned.

5. SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT AND FINDINGS

The participants distributed in the three target domains (Mobility, Building and Infrastructure) entered into a discussion focused on the most appropriate strategic projects and innovative policies, taking into account for each domain:

i. the European good practices that might inspire the sustainable development of Bangalore as well as of other Indian cities (shown below in the section “looking at Europe”);

ii. the Strategic projects and the innovative policies, which have been identifiedto implement the vision (shown below in the section “looking at India”).

5.1 Smart and Sustainable Building

Looking at Europe

European Strategic Projects

B1. Malmoe Eco City

The starting point for this project as far as the city of Malmö was concerned was to create a sustainable district with a high level of quality in terms of its architecture, public environment and materials.

Bo01, Sweden's first district with a nearly fully local renewable energy system based on the sun, wind and water, to the new generation of sustainable construction.

All the energy used in the Bo01 area is produced locally. Waste grinders for all apartments so that the organic waste can become biogas for buses and cars.

B2. Seville bioclimatic and natural ventilation

Hot Sevillian summer was largely abated by a micro filter water air conditioning system, principally along the main avenues and streets, under canopied sections both of tensile fabric and greenery. Pedestrian weresprayed with cool mist in various locations, and make use of the numerous fountains and wading pools to cool off.

Buildings were designed with bioclimatic criteria with particular emphasis on cooling and natural ventilation.



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B3. Bedzed UK, building construction by recycling

The Beddington Zero (Fossil) Energy Development (BedZED) was the UK’s largest low carbon community. BedZED was designed to minimize its ecological impact both in construction and in use.

Consideration was given to the construction process and materials used by the sourcing of reclaimed and recycled materials, and a local sourcing policy to reduce carbon emissions.

For example reused structural steel was used in the workspace framing structure, and reclaimed timber for internal partitions.

European Innovative Policies

B4. Standardization: Torino Energy–Environmental Annex

Energy-Environmental Annex to the building regulations of the City of Torino came into force in 2006. The annex aims at improving the performance of buildings.

The document foresees a series of mandatory requirements and a series of voluntary requirements, which receive incentives on the building taxes, up to a maximum of 50% of the total due.

B5. Industrialization: Construction process in the Netherlands

Multifunctional energy efficient façade system for building retrofitting aims to develop, evaluate and demonstrate an innovative energy efficient multifunctional façade system geared towards the residential building sector. The result should bring a flexible and modular solution. Flexible as it could be adapted to different architectonic configurations and typologies.

Innovative composite façade structure materials, all easily integrated in the façade for building envelope construction and retrofitting.

B6. Community involvement: engage construction in Ravenna

Inhabitants were involved in building their own dwellings, devoting construction materials were provided by building companies, while workforce was only partly supplied by them, as instructors and guidance for the inhabitants.

Low-rise residential buildings were constructed, with traditional methods or with highly industrialised components. Cost abatement can reach 50% of construction costs.



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The Beddington Zero (Fossil) Energy Development (BedZED) was the UK’s largest low carbon community. BedZED was designed to minimize its ecological impact both in construction and in use.

Consideration was given to the construction process and materials used by the sourcing of reclaimed and recycled materials, and a local sourcing policy to reduce carbon emissions.

For example reused structural steel was used in the workspace framing structure, and reclaimed timber for internal partitions.


B4. Standardization: Torino Energy–Environmental Annex

Energy-Environmental Annex to the building regulations of the City of Torino came into force in 2006. The annex aims at improving the performance of buildings.

The document foresees a series of mandatory requirements and a series of voluntary requirements, which receive incentives on the building taxes, up to a maximum of 50% of the total due.

B5. Industrialization: Construction process in the Netherlands

Multifunctional energy efficient façade system for building retrofitting aims to develop, evaluate and demonstrate an innovative energy efficient multifunctional façade system geared towards the residential building sector. The result should bring a flexible and modular solution. Flexible as it could be adapted to different architectonic configurations and typologies.

Innovative composite façade structure materials, all easily integrated in the façade for building envelope construction and retrofitting.


Inhabitants were involved in building their own dwellings, devoting construction materials were provided by building companies, while workforce was only partly supplied by them, as instructors and guidance for the inhabitants.

Low-rise residential buildings were constructed, with traditional methods or with highly industrialised components. Cost abatement can reach 50% of construction costs.

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. City of Malmoe Eco cityand 2. Standardization: Torino Energy – Environmental Annex.

Looking at India

VisionIntegrated city with a balanced master planning

Well-planned employment and economic activities: decentralized approach. Catering to the need of society and economics. There should be economic opportunity in jobs. Also the housing should be affordable, there should also be entertainment activities, all in an integrated way. Residential and economic activities should be balanced.

Implementing the vision (as jotted down on a post-it by participants):

Strategic Projects Innovative Policies

Eco city in suburbs Eco friendly and user-friendly township

with re-use and recycled waste water Solar energy utilization Eco-projects involving government,

people and investors Efficient city suburbs Child safety, pedestrians, bicycle

friendly and green corridors Mixed land-use Appropriate built-open ratio Parks, play areas, organic farms

Eco-practitioners Promoting eco-practitioners

incentivising communities through tax rebates

Retrofitting with renewable energy solutions. Street lighting (solar), rooftops, compulsory rain water harvesting

Decentralised energy Decentralise energy system for each

household / building Use recycled products for fresh

townships Incorporate renewables as a strategy

since natural resources were fast depleting

Government agencies regulations Regulations in favour of labour

controlling migration of population beyond holding capacity

Control and regulation of real estate market by the government

Increasing education on urban development and planning

Employment and housing policy for informal sector (example construction labour)



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Decentralised work and life Development of satellite towns around

the existing city Work and live in the same locality /

vicinity

Homogeneously affordable district Equal opportunities to all economic

classes as to housing quality and location opportunity

Work-habitat-recreation close by Self sustained neighbourhood – holistic

development of area Social inclusion project: 20% of real

estate development should be marked for economically weaker section housing

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1.Ecocity in suburbs; and 2. Government regulating agencies.

5.2 Smart and Sustainable Mobility


M1. Copenhagen Green Wheel

Ordinary bicycles transformed into hybrid e-bikes

Green wheels capture energy dissipated while cycling and braking and save it

Bicycle as mobile sensing units

Maps air and noise pollution levels, traffic congestion, and road conditions in real-time for personal information and public decision making

50% residents go to work and school by bike

M2. ElectroDrive Salzburg

Electric mobility model region

Leasing scheme for electric vehicles including energy from all public recharging stations, warranty insurance, service for the car and tickets for public transportation

Over 110 public charging spots for a range of E- bicycles, E-scooters, and E-cars

Electricity from renewable sources



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Decentralised work and life Development of satellite towns around

the existing city Work and live in the same locality /

vicinity

Homogeneously affordable district Equal opportunities to all economic

classes as to housing quality and location opportunity

Work-habitat-recreation close by Self sustained neighbourhood – holistic

development of area Social inclusion project: 20% of real

estate development should be marked for economically weaker section housing

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1.Ecocity in suburbs; and 2. Government regulating agencies.

5.2 Smart and Sustainable Mobility


M1. Copenhagen Green Wheel

Ordinary bicycles transformed into hybrid e-bikes

Green wheels capture energy dissipated while cycling and braking and save it

Bicycle as mobile sensing units

Maps air and noise pollution levels, traffic congestion, and road conditions in real-time for personal information and public decision making

50% residents go to work and school by bike

M2. ElectroDrive Salzburg

Electric mobility model region

Leasing scheme for electric vehicles including energy from all public recharging stations, warranty insurance, service for the car and tickets for public transportation

Over 110 public charging spots for a range of E- bicycles, E-scooters, and E-cars

Electricity from renewable sources

M3. Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich

Reduction of motorised private transport and promotion of public transport and ecofriendly active mobility since 70s

Comprehensive interconnection of different means of transport

Consistent coordination of settlement and mobility development

Mobility management as a supplement for infrastructure planning

World-wide highest quality of life attributed to high share of public transport (34%) and high percentage of pedestrian and bicycle traffic (30%)


M4. Soft mobility in Graz

Measures limiting motorised traffic to a necessary level and prevent car trips manageable with “soft” possibilities

Easy accessibility (attractive public transport and parking management)

Compatible traffic (speed limits, information technology used for light controls)

Short trips (park & ride for shopping)

Public participation (guidelines for soft mobility)

M5. Rotterdam dedicated lanes

Dedicated bicycle lanes

Quality of bicycle tracks and cyclists’ safety

High quality tramline concept (TramPlus): speed and reliability

Special bus lanes with no need to stop at junctions or only for a short time

Extensive network of traffic lights where public transport has priority over other road users

M6. Freiburg Home Zones

Reduce and calm traffic near residential areas using simple methods (e.g. road marking or bollards)

Bottom-up initiative and request to city council

Cars move at walking speed (7km/h)



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Children's games were allowed everywhere in the street

Parking only allowed at specifically marked places

Pedestrians have priority over other traffic

Over 200 home zones in Freiburg

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich and 2. Rotterdam dedicated lanes.

Looking at India

Vision: Self-Sufficient City

The city was planned in a manner that has multiple clusters of self-sufficient cities within. The ecological loop was closed in a decentralized way with people takingownership by themselves and hence ensuring participation. The city was well connected by transport, housing and IT connectivity. Multiple nodes were connected by efficient transport.



Strengthen public transportation Multi-modal public transport network that

provides access to any point in Bangalore within 100m using public transport

Public transport made less expensive Modernize public transport system Provide bike, parking leasing at bus

stations/metro stations Provide dedicated bike lanes IPT stand / private vehicle. Pick up/drop at MRTS

stations Increase public transport Increase pollution free vehicles

Effective public participation to the planning and public hearings

Government should not ignore people request

Multi layer parking Encourage and support people

to use public transports Communication system

supporting transport system Outsourcing traffic

management Restricted use of vehicles per

family and car pooling Staggered time of school and

work Public hearings Multi layer car parks and

connection to public transport Outsourcing traffic

management Real time information on traffic

Reduce private cars Car pooling Restrict the number of vehicles a person can

own Policy can come in road Cars/vehicles can be used just for 10 years Green wheel Dramatic plantation can be cut off to not utilize

the road space



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Children's games were allowed everywhere in the street

Parking only allowed at specifically marked places

Pedestrians have priority over other traffic

Over 200 home zones in Freiburg

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich and 2. Rotterdam dedicated lanes.

Looking at India

Vision: Self-Sufficient City

The city was planned in a manner that has multiple clusters of self-sufficient cities within. The ecological loop was closed in a decentralized way with people takingownership by themselves and hence ensuring participation. The city was well connected by transport, housing and IT connectivity. Multiple nodes were connected by efficient transport.



Strengthen public transportation Multi-modal public transport network that

provides access to any point in Bangalore within 100m using public transport

Public transport made less expensive Modernize public transport system Provide bike, parking leasing at bus

stations/metro stations Provide dedicated bike lanes IPT stand / private vehicle. Pick up/drop at MRTS

stations Increase public transport Increase pollution free vehicles

Effective public participation to the planning and public hearings

Government should not ignore people request

Multi layer parking Encourage and support people

to use public transports Communication system

supporting transport system Outsourcing traffic

management Restricted use of vehicles per

family and car pooling Staggered time of school and

work Public hearings Multi layer car parks and

connection to public transport Outsourcing traffic

management Real time information on traffic

Reduce private cars Car pooling Restrict the number of vehicles a person can

own Policy can come in road Cars/vehicles can be used just for 10 years Green wheel Dramatic plantation can be cut off to not utilize

the road space

Traffic police to be more dedicated for traffic and public transport Pedestrian and cycling area

and cheaper non motorised transports

Improve traffic management and related infrastructure Signal free traffic Avoid criss-cross traffic Dedicated road lanes for all vehicles Skywalks to be provided for free. There should

be for street walkers Airports, railway stations to be split

Second airport Building a second airport

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. Strengthen public transportation & Reduce private cars and 2. Real time information on traffic and public transport.

5.3 Smart and Sustainable Infrastructure


I1. District heating & cooling in Torino

Torino developed in the last decade a comprehensive centralised heating &cooling network.

Thanks to 825 kilometres of underground dual piping, the IREN Group (a public multi-utility company) supplies around 76.5 million m3 of heating, equivalent to an estimated population of over 750,000 citizens.

Solution providing a better management of heating & cooling production improving the general green policies of the city.

I2. Hannover local grid

Kronsberg was a 3000 new dwellings Hannover eco-district developed in 2000 with:

− High residential density 7,5 m3/m2− Microclimatic residential buildings− Permeable streets and parking− Water flows recovery from roofs− Innovative waste pre-selection and recovery − Green flows and corridors, green network− District cogeneration



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A strict management of the local energy production&distribution makes Kronsberg a benchmark for any future energy independent (grid disconnected) City.

I3. District electricity contract energy grid

• Thanks to a program that optimizes the dwellings energy use, a private company makes the selection of the best offer for the same terms of supplies.

• This method - applied to a bigger urban scale - can provide the economic resources to schedule buildings refurbishment, and little by little to improve the general householder’s energy use.


I4. Efficient: Växjö energy service company

The city of Växjö in southern Sweden won the Sustainable Energy Europe Award 2007, for being the greenest community in the EU.

Växjö and its 80,000 inhabitants set the standard for Sweden, which has vowed to become a 'zero oil' country by 2025, and for the rest of the world.

With a Biomass gasification plant for the production of bio-DME and bio-hydrogen, the city was now supplied by using renewables that cover more than 50% of Växjö's energy.

I5. Sustainable: Diffuse decentralised sustainability in BedZED

BedZED (Beddington Zero Energy.

Creating a net 'zero fossil energy development', producing at least as much energy from renewable sources as it consumes.

Sustainable integrated strategies cover both the energy production and consumption (from buildings to transports). This concept shows that living in a local circle with local products was possible.

I6. Smart: Amsterdam Smart City Policy

Five themes make Amsterdam the 1st Smart EU City:

Living = Citizens CO2 awareness, dwelling refurbishment

Working = Shared co-working spaces

Mobility = Sustainable means of transport

Public Facilities = Strategic role enhancing PPP on smart initiatives



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A strict management of the local energy production&distribution makes Kronsberg a benchmark for any future energy independent (grid disconnected) City.


• Thanks to a program that optimizes the dwellings energy use, a private company makes the selection of the best offer for the same terms of supplies.

• This method - applied to a bigger urban scale - can provide the economic resources to schedule buildings refurbishment, and little by little to improve the general householder’s energy use.


I4. Efficient: Växjö energy service company

The city of Växjö in southern Sweden won the Sustainable Energy Europe Award 2007, for being the greenest community in the EU.

Växjö and its 80,000 inhabitants set the standard for Sweden, which has vowed to become a 'zero oil' country by 2025, and for the rest of the world.

With a Biomass gasification plant for the production of bio-DME and bio-hydrogen, the city was now supplied by using renewables that cover more than 50% of Växjö's energy.

I5. Sustainable: Diffuse decentralised sustainability in BedZED

BedZED (Beddington Zero Energy.

Creating a net 'zero fossil energy development', producing at least as much energy from renewable sources as it consumes.

Sustainable integrated strategies cover both the energy production and consumption (from buildings to transports). This concept shows that living in a local circle with local products was possible.


Five themes make Amsterdam the 1st Smart EU City:

Living = Citizens CO2 awareness, dwelling refurbishment

Working = Shared co-working spaces

Mobility = Sustainable means of transport

Public Facilities = Strategic role enhancing PPP on smart initiatives

Open Data = Data decryption to fuel the information society

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. Hannover local grid & Smart; and 2. Amsterdam Smart City Policy.

Looking at India

Vision

Energy infrastructure building pilots

Each city was self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which was run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a more beautiful city and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city. A prototype should be developed: build a model, prove that it works, and then replicate it.



Solar energy

Pilot smart grid for independent local grid for a 10,000 people node

To implement the project on renewable energy

To develop more accessible public transport like metro and mono-rail

Solid waste energy generation in each city

Energy generation from waste (domestic and commercial wet waste)

Household/industry. Conversion to renewable energy

PPP model/awareness

To make public transport more efficient and reduce CO2 levels

Feed-in policy To make all users to compulsory use

the alternative energy sources Segregation of waste and efficient

collection Efficient system collection of waste Compulsory segregation at domestic

level and policy towards cleaner fuels

The choices deriving from the prioritization exercise were: 1. Waste segregation & rational use to produce energy; and 2. Waste treatment and use, compulsory segregation and efficient collection; use of the waste to produce energy.



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6. CONCLUSIONS

During the SW, several challenges as potential causes for a catastrophic scenario materialization in Bangalore were identified by the participants. They range from the lack of capacity and vision in the administration of the city to the lack of awareness from the citizens, from demographic problems to the environmental impacts and depletion of natural resources due to an intense economic development.

Different positive scenarios were developed for Bangalore as a sustainable and smart city in 2025 envisaging, in particular: a metropolitan area built with a decentralized and polycentric approach, in which residential and economic activities werebalanced; a well-connected city with an efficient public transport responsive to citizens’ needs; an effective energy infrastructure built through pilot projects.

After an intense but gratifying 1-day workshop, the conclusions drawn to make of Bangalore an Indian SMART and sustainable city were the following:

Developing satellite towns around the existing city as eco friendly and user friendly townships with re-use and recycled waste water, solar energy utilization; setting up eco-projects involving government, people and investors; ensuring a good built-open area ratio, with parks, play areas, organic farms.

Enhancing Government agencies to control and regulate: labour migration of population beyond holding capacity, real estate market, employment and housing policy for informal sector; increase education on urban development and planning.

Strengthening public transportation, setting up a multi-modal transport network that provides access to any point in Bangalore within 100m using public transport; modernize the present bus fleet and increase pollution-free vehicles; making public transport less expensive; combining multi-layeredparking (where users can leave their cars and use the bus) and efficient bus system; using of GPS system to control public transport to enhance the use of buses.

Encouraging less use of private cars, using technology to capture traffic data and information for monitoring purposes as well for dissemination to the population on the territory to adjusting public commuting schedule; encourage car pooling; restricting the number of vehicles a person can own; setting car-less days.

Building a pilot project for waste to energy, compulsory segregation and efficient collection.



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6. CONCLUSIONS

During the SW, several challenges as potential causes for a catastrophic scenario materialization in Bangalore were identified by the participants. They range from the lack of capacity and vision in the administration of the city to the lack of awareness from the citizens, from demographic problems to the environmental impacts and depletion of natural resources due to an intense economic development.

Different positive scenarios were developed for Bangalore as a sustainable and smart city in 2025 envisaging, in particular: a metropolitan area built with a decentralized and polycentric approach, in which residential and economic activities werebalanced; a well-connected city with an efficient public transport responsive to citizens’ needs; an effective energy infrastructure built through pilot projects.

After an intense but gratifying 1-day workshop, the conclusions drawn to make of Bangalore an Indian SMART and sustainable city were the following:

Developing satellite towns around the existing city as eco friendly and user friendly townships with re-use and recycled waste water, solar energy utilization; setting up eco-projects involving government, people and investors; ensuring a good built-open area ratio, with parks, play areas, organic farms.

Enhancing Government agencies to control and regulate: labour migration of population beyond holding capacity, real estate market, employment and housing policy for informal sector; increase education on urban development and planning.

Strengthening public transportation, setting up a multi-modal transport network that provides access to any point in Bangalore within 100m using public transport; modernize the present bus fleet and increase pollution-free vehicles; making public transport less expensive; combining multi-layeredparking (where users can leave their cars and use the bus) and efficient bus system; using of GPS system to control public transport to enhance the use of buses.

Encouraging less use of private cars, using technology to capture traffic data and information for monitoring purposes as well for dissemination to the population on the territory to adjusting public commuting schedule; encourage car pooling; restricting the number of vehicles a person can own; setting car-less days.

Building a pilot project for waste to energy, compulsory segregation and efficient collection.

The European strategic projects considered as being appropriate to inspire Bangaloresustainable urban development were:

i. Malmoe Eco City Bo01 District, Sweden's first district with a nearly fully local renewable energy system based on the sun, wind and water, and the new generation of sustainable construction;

ii. Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich, involving a massive reduction of motorised private transport and the promotion of public transport and ecofriendly active mobility since 70s;

iii. Kronsberg eco-district in Hannover with a local energy production & distribution and grid disconnected.

As far as Innovative Policies were concerned, the European good practices that should be further explored for their adaptation to Bangalore were:

i. Energy-Environmental Annex to the Building Regulations of the City of Torino, which aims at improving the performance of buildings via series of mandatory and requirements and a series of voluntary requirements;

ii. Rotterdam system of dedicated bicycle and tram lanes; iii. Amsterdam Smart City Policy.

ANNEX 1

SMART_SUSTAINABLE_CITIES_IN_INDIA SCENARIO WORKSHOP



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This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of EBTC or the European Union.

The European Business and Technology Centre (EBTC) supports EU companies and researchers on their market entry to India by offering long-term hands-on support with a myriad of services. With offices in India’s metros of New Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru and Kolkata, EBTC is well placed to offer complete end-to-end solutions to companies who want to enter and flourish in the Indian market.

EBTC’s efforts focus on 4 key sectors – Biotech, Energy, Environment and Transport – all of which offer enormous scope for closer EU-India collaboration, be it in business, science or technology. As the connecting platform between business, research, and government, EBTC ensures that EU players are well networked with a solid base from which to develop their venture.

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ANNEX 1

SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES IN INDIA

SCENARIO WORKSHOP

6 September 2013, World Trade Centre, BANGALORE

Workshop CoordinationPolitecnico di Torino

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SMART_CITIES_ INDIA

Credits The Scenario Workshop and this draft were made possible thanks to the following relevant contributions: • the availability and use authorization of the Scenario Workshop

methodology (originally developed by the European Commission Directorate-General XIII) under the coordination of the EC Monitor of the European Awareness Scenario Workshop, Prof. Roberto Pagani

• the Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce & Industry, its President Mr. Narinder Nayar, and representatives Mr. Cesare Saccani, Mr. Sergio Sgambato, Mr. G.K.Hegde

• the World Trade Centre (WTC) Bangalore, VP. Mr. Bose K. Nair, its managers and personnel for the local organization and material preparation, logistics and for the warm climate of collaboration

• the European Business Technology Centre, EBTC, the Office Director in Delhi Mr. Poul V. Jensen, and Mr. Vittal Kumar A. Dhage for his introduction. EBTC project partners and the European Delegation to India for having contributed with their support and full involvement to the success of this sharing moment.

• the Politecnico di Torino and above all, Dr. Francesca De Filippi and Ms. Irene Marocco, for their responsibility and coordination of this EBTC action

• the team of facilitators, co-facilitators, assistants, namely: Alessandra Merlo, Roberto Pagani, Carlo Ostorero, B. Ramaswamy, Cesare Saccani, Neeta Ramnath, for their effort in preparing, managing the workshop and collecting the results shown in the present DRAFT

• and above all, we want to thank for their presence and stimulating speeches: H.E. Daniele Mancini, Ambassador of Italy to India Mr. A.Ravindra, Chairman Centre for Sustainable Development

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The technical suggestions/recommendations in the report should not be construed as advice of any form. EBTC shall not be liable for any loss, damage, liability or expense incurred or suffered by use of this report, including, without limitation, any fault, error, omission with respect thereto. Neither EBTC, its Partners nor EUROCHAMBRES make any warranty, express or implied or assume legal liability or responsibility for accuracy, completeness, or use of any third party information in the report. The report may include text, information, table or data that may be a copyright of a third party. It is assumed that such information has been obtained through prior consent of the owner by the EBTC affiliates/Partners. If anyone is found selling the report or commercially acquiring any gain directly or indirectly, it should be immediately brought to the notice of EBTC for further actions. Any specific name, logo, trademark, sign, and/or design or any other intellectual property referenced herein are merely used for research purpose and are the property of their respective owners. Their reference in this publication does not either implicitly or explicitly constitute a suggestion, warranty, indication or recommendation of the products manufactured, produced, marketed or traded by the respective intellectual property owners/holders. Copyright © Year EBTC/Name Partner. Reproduction or retransmission of the materials, in whole or in part in un-amended form is allowed provided reference to the valid source is given. Reproduction for commercial aims even with source indication is forbidden. The report is free and available on EBTC website site www.ebtc.eu

EBTC is a European Union initiative managed and implemented by EUROCHAMBRES. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the EBTC/Partners and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union.

Any complains or assertions should be mailed at [email protected]

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NOTE: The European Awareness Scenario Workshop is a project of the European Commission DG Enterprise aiming to encourage public debate, to create a balanced relationship between society, technology and environment and to ensure sustainable development according to the wishes and needs of local communities. The methodology of the Scenario Workshop was selected between others awareness methodologies developed in Europe. The European Commission developed a pilot training scheme for National Monitors of the European Awareness Scenario Workshop methodology and developed a set of working tools for National Monitors that are now performing and further disseminating this initiative.

DRAFTED by Roberto Pagani and Alessandra Merlo

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SMART_CITIES_INDIA

Objective The EASW method - first launched by the European Commission - is considered an appropriate tool for raising public awareness and articulating demand around scientific and technological options. Taking into account present urban challenge in India, the Scenario Workshop offers a distinctive opportunity to discuss on key emerging issues and to deliberate on related innovative solutions that will advance the transition from sustainable to smart cities. Expected output The Scenario Workshop involves participants in formulating a common vision for sustainable city development and provides viable solutions and general guidelines for planning new urban developments for the near future and for enhancing Indian interest for European good practices. Through showcasing EU smart cities exemples, i) raising public awareness and articulating demand around scientific and technological options, ii) enhancing EBTC visibility and networking. Organisers Francesca De Filippi (POLITO) Irene Marocco (POLITO) Sergio Sgambato (IICCI) G.K. Hegde (IICCI) Facilitators Roberto Pagani (POLITO) Carlo Ostorero (POLITO) Alessandra Merlo (EU expert) Co-facilitators B. Ramaswamy (Landmaster Projects Weblinks Pvt Ltd) Cesare Saccani (ICMQ India Ltd.) Neeta Ramnath (Feedback Infra Pvt Ltd) Note takers Letizia De Martino Anil Mulchandani Benedetta Arlunno

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PROGRAMME 10:00 Inaugural session Welcome Address Vittal Kumar A. Dhage, Energy Sector Specialist EBTC – European Business Technology Centre Introductory Remarks Narinder Nayar, President The Indo-Italian Chamber of Commerce & Industry Address by Guest of Honour H.E. Daniele Mancini Ambassador of Italy to India Keynote Address by the Chief Guest A.Ravindra, IAS (Retd.), Chairman Centre for Sustainable Development

10.45 Presentations

“Workshop objectives, facilitators and participants” Francesca De Filippi Politecnico di Torino “A prototype of Smart & Sustainable City: the LEGEM Vision” Cesare Saccani, Chairman Indo-Italian Club for Infrastructure & Building “Bangalore Plan for new manageable cities“ B.Ramaswamy, CMD Landmaster Projects Weblinks Pvt Ltd “Scenario Workshop program and structure” Roberto Pagani, Professor Politecnico di Torino

11:15 Break

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11:30 Group Session 1 – Ideas of Role Groups

12:45 Plenary Session 1 – Visioning

13:30 Lunch

14:30 Plenary Session 2 – The Themes

14:45 Group Session 2 – Prioritising in Theme Groups

16:45 Break

17:00 Plenary Session 3 – The Priorities

17:45 Conclusions and Vote of Thanks

18:00 Informal drinks

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Scenario Workshop Method European Commission DG Innovation has developed this method for facilitating the discussion and selection of actions, within a number of possible futures. Conventional-------------- > Unconventional meeting --------------------- > vision proposal--------------------- > draft preconcepts ---------------- > creativity relaxation ------------------- > transpiration always done----------------- > never done the same In very general terms, the objectives of a Scenario Workshop can be summed up as follows: • to identify and clarify the various possible combinations of technology, public policy, action by different stakeholders • to allow an exchange of knowledge, opinions and ideas among technological experts, private-sector representatives and policy-makers; • to identify and discuss the similarities and differences in the perception of problems and their possible solutions between the different role groups involved; • to generate new ideas and guidelines for action, policy and future initiatives to be undertaken at the various levels (local, national, international).

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Our Tools – HIGH TOUCH vs. HIGH TECH (from R.Pagani UIA Congress 2008, Torino Workshop) Neural network based transducers (pencil) Wireless communication technologies (post-it) Adaptive and responsive supports (paper)

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Group Session 1 – Ideas of Role Groups Format:

• Development and discussions of scenarios (one negative and one positive) in role groups (procedure and time table explained to each group) The participants are distributed in 3 groups: Group 1: Administrators – Facilitator: Alessandra Merlo Co-facilitator: B. Ramaswamy Group 2: Investors – Facilitator: Roberto Pagani Co-facilitator: Cesare Saccani Group 3: Professionals – Facilitator: Carlo Ostorero Co-facilitator: Neeta Ramnath

Questions:

• We are in 2025. 12 years ago we tried to influence the Government to set up new sustainable and smart cities around Bangalore. We gave suggestions, bringing EU experience, but now we are facing a disaster. All those who contributed to the plan that was a failure are called to make an analysis to understand: what went wrong?

• We are in 2025. Everybody in the World is looking at Bangalore as a champion of sustainability and smartness. Bangalore set the trend. The decisions taken in 2013 resulted in a success! What happened?

Plot: • Each participant is requested to fill a post-it note with

one negative scenario that may represent a xxxx. Post-its are gathered by the facilitator and visually mapped, using the flip-chart board.

• Each participant is requested to fill a post-it note with one positive scenario xxx. Post-its are gathered by the facilitator and visually mapped, using the flip-chart board.

• The five positive ideas/scenarios are organized into a chart for the Plenary Session

Expected Result:

• Each group is requested to offer, as a result, three views on the issues that they considered as the most determinant of the change in the future.

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Role Group: Administrators Participants KIRAN AMITABH ADVAITH MAHISHI R.R. REASLY VISWANNASHAN GANAPATHY P.G. P. SUSIL KUMAR RAGHUNATHASINHA R. R. REDDY Facilitator Alessandra Merlo Co-facilitator B. Ramaswamy Notes Taker Benedetta Arlunno NEGATIVE SCENARIO

Why a disaster? What went wrong? Lack of systemic view and poor execution

• Conceptualization of projects were unsustainable ‘no-full systems view’ lead to more problems and side effects;

• Very slow implementation – decision analisys; • High corruption poor execution.


• Infrastructure designed could not estimate the rapid influx of immigrant ‘under-planning’;

• Un-synchronized planning by various gov. department led to delays;

• Over-concentartion of people – utilities could not catch up.

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Lack of coordination and expertise slowing the process • Project approvals being stuck with government because

of political issues; • Lack of coordination; • Road blocks for foreign investments and expertise which

slowes down the process; • Project plan becoming outdated. • Over population (incapacity to deal)

Lack of awareness

• Lack of awareness of the surroundings due to lack of sensitivity;

• Mis-management of human resources, money, lack of order from conception to execution.


• Necessary to work more on changing the lifestyle of people in city;

• Application of modern technology should be made more user friendly;

• Well defined systems and administration in the need of the hour.

Law and order

• Law and order problem General Negative Scenario

• Distribution water shortage; Poor living; Urban congestion; Traffic; No proper public transport system; Power shortage.

• Shortage of water; problems and food security and

adding people outfloor. • Population; Environment; Pollution; Transportation;

Food.

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POSITIVE SCENARIO

Why a success? The City of Community Participation

• Creating awareness on improving the quality of life in all aspects;

• Sensitising all section of people from the general public to the administrators to the executers;

• Understanding the need for balance in all sphere.

• Design of self- contained townships’ led to lesser stress on resources;

• A participatory ‘city sustainability plan’ was developed and rigorously implemented;

• Behavioral changes in communities due to increased environmental awareness.


• Urban competition reliced; • Alternative city like Mysore was developed; • Alternative city Kolan was developed; • Alternative city Trunkum was developed; • Solar energy.

• Decongesting / transport • Bangalore the emerged city.

• De-centralization of the city; • Multi-modal public transport; • Eco-friendly auto-mobiles. Running on non-conventional

fuels; • Two airports; • Urban afforestation resulted in Bangalore having green

cover like the 80’s. Self-Sufficent City

• Energetic civil society society brought about political and government reforms;

• Polycentric city dumpt. Network and villages connected by public transport but self sufficient in all aspects;

• Awareness companies. Public transport low consumption, sustainable lifestyle;

• Special attitude to solve problems – no inequality;

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• Responsible citizens; • Good co-operation. • To generate power by using renewable energy in order

to decrease pollution; • Self-sufficient; • To shift some companies and industries to the rural

areas (ex. Districts head quarters (small towns)). Glocal User Friendly City

• IDENTITY; • People in Bangalore have unique and ideal life style while

had a bland of Asian tradition with western outlook; • Every activity is technology driven and is very effective

Model Knowledge City

• Knowledge hub; • Clean & Green environment through best

planning/technology & maintenance. Greener bang

• Greener Bangalore; • Substitute for petroleum products like later (water); • Movement of vehicles on the correct path; • Goodbye to polystyrene; • Generating power through natural sources; • Self employment; • Segregation of waste generating; • Proper infrastructure of waste segregation.

Good governance city

• Improvement in infrastructure facilities; • Efficient governance; • Employment, potentiality; • Better standard living.

Name of the proposals (slogans): THE CITY OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION DECONGESTIVE CITY WITH SMART TRANSPORT ‘GLOCAL’ USER FRIENDLY CITY MODEL KNOWLEDGE CITY GOOD-GOVERNANCE CITY GREENER BANGALORE SELF-SUFFICIENT SUSTAINABLE CITY

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Selection of "TOP 3"

Top 3 List _ ADMINISTRATORS role group

Votes

1. Self-sufficient City Cluster each one self-sufficient. Plan the city in a manner that has multiple cities within. The ecological loop is close in decentralize and the people should take ownership by themselves and hence participation can be achieved

15

2. Glocal User Friendly City What is lacking is the use of knowledge and resources (overuse of plastic). We need to work more to make an environmental friendly city, we should not focus on resource, anyone in the world should be willing to leave in the city.

14

3. City of Community Participation Community participation is where the community has a big role, to preserve culture of the city. Implementing a sustainable plan, a city with self-sustainable townships, community very environmental aware and ready to do changes and learn from previous mistakes

4

KEY WORDS: glocal, self-sufficient, friendly, knowledge, decongestive SLOGAN: THE CITY OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

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Role Group: Investors Participants MANISH ASHUTOSH R.V. REDDY AJAY SACCANI VITTAL ASHUTOSH Facilitator Roberto Pagani Co-facilitator Cesare Saccani Notes Taker Anil Mulchandani NEGATIVE SCENARIO Why a disaster? What went wrong? Nothing happened

• Everything wrong- Nothing happened – No proper energy, waste management issues.

Traffic + Water = Failure

• Water and transportation problems -Water shortage in the city, ring road not developed, land acquisition problem

Lack of Prediction

• Total lack of Prediction for 2025 • Total disaster in technology, transportation and

infrastructure

Lack of Planning • Lack of planning and growth not forecasted

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• Population growth was not estimated and projected and non of the basic city facilities are being integrated into the co system

Governance No Tolerance

• Urban planning was not at all properly managed. The development of energy waste management was very much slower than the requirement. Governance no tolerance.

No Land Developed + No Financial Support = No Initiative

• No land development. Given no financial support. No land was allocated. Financial closure was not done, vested interest, lack of inclusion of city planning.

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POSITIVE SCENARIO

Why a success?

Co Investment – PPP

• Project is up running, land was given and financewas given by the Government. Investors came in. Core investment happened. The PPP happened.

Time Management = Project Management • Time management = Quality with quantity together and

a good project management.

See the Future and Build a Demo • Need to see the future and build a prototype or pilot

project. We saw the future and build a model and implemented the model. Foresee pollution growth and all allied necessities. Build manageable cities and replicate the same based on the success factor.

• We did the right projection for projects like development

of new airport. Listen to people about their demands for better facilities and understanding the future requirements

Appropriate Flexible Expansion

• Outstanding city for humans. All the authorities have been actively and effectively working for predicting future key trends. A fully integrated plan has been prepared and developed and now the entire city has changed to attract people for quality life.

Energy Infrastructure (gas network) • Energy Infrastructure a key aspect for success - Clean

Energy and energy planning made a success. Natural gas network implemented. Availability of NG pipeline and NG network feeding power plants and fuel needs in the city.

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Top 3 List _ INVESTORS role group

Votes

1. See the future and build a pilot We try to position our idea at the macro-level. Anything that we are planning we do not foresee the future, that’s why we are wrong most of the time. At a macro-level we should see the future in advance in terms of expected number of people and then built that eco-system. An optimal city system should be flexible and adaptable. Chandigarh and Pondicherry are well-planned cities in India. We should prototype a model, prove that it works, then replicate it.

12,5

2. Co-investment and project management the mantra was co-investing and public private partnership. We also delivered on time (good project management)

6,5

3. Energy infrastructure - gas network Introducing natural gas network as a specific measure to ensure a better city. Building the infrastructure to provide natural gas.

19,5

KEYWORDS: future, partnership, flexible, pilot, infrastructure SLOGAN: SEE THE FUTURE WITH THE EYES OF THE FUTURE

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Role Group: Professionals Participants SUNYA PRAKASH GOUTAM SURANA SANDHYA HARIBAL SAYALI R.S. PRASAD SUKANYA ROHIT PERLA ASHISH VERMA SHANKAR RAJVI PURUSHOTHAN NP AN PRAKASH RANJANI Facilitator Carlo Ostorero Co-facilitator Neeta Ramnath Notes Taker Letizia De Martino NEGATIVE SCENARIO

Why a disaster? What went wrong? Lack of vision • Disaster happened because different administrative offices

did not do team exercise to create a vision and work on the vision. Each department just doing without knowledge of other team, what they doing

• Decentralized and clustered development not followed;

Public transport integration not done; Resource management (water supply, power, sw) not achieved.

• Lack of accountability; monitoring of plans/ schemes/

projects • Lack of thoughts by the public authorities

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Governance failure • Governance failed in Bangalore. It failed to give the right

policies at the right time. Weak implementation mechanism and rampant and sporadic growth eventually choked the city.

• Wrong governance and implementation; basic needs fulfillment was ignored (housing, sanitation, public transport)

• Making a city work only on one sector (i.e. Detroit); giving a free hand to private devlopers and develop mega gated communities (dead spaces); no single window representations for civic authorities (encourage blame game); no integration of transport

• More focus on economic development and not on

environment Infrastructure failure • Non-decentralization of urbanization; not focused on

development of satellite cities; underestimate of development of the city

• Unbalanced demand and supply; no sufficient water since

improper planning in re-use of waste, water as there is no. space for garden, water use, toilet flush water, re-use

• Population increase, encroaching intro neighboring villages;

lack of infrastructure facilities and basic needs, also the greediness of people

Social failure • People come from outside. Village for jobs to be avoided • Needs of the local community are neglected; increase in

population is not foreseen, is under-estimated

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POSITIVE SCENARIO

Why a success? Integrated Transport Systems • strong pedestrian and cycling to work; transparent open

spaces which are children friendly; multi-model transport system; good governance at local bodies; civil participation in decision making; keeping mega commercial centres outside the city; importance to historic precincts

• transportation needs more elevated roads and metro lines, bribes to be avoided, participation of politicians of all kind to be avoid, strict implication of building norms and main transport system

Citizens Involvement and Cooperation • bottom-up approach and not top-down approach; citizen’s

involvement in policy making and implementation • public awareness on environment, city decentralization,

individual’s contribution towards making smart city • a well spread homogeneous development; increased

awareness and better civic sense Social Infra-Culture Education Heritage • better living with respect to infrastructure, transport,

education, lighting; better a CEO type of administration than political set up

• good quality of life; walkable streets and city centres;

seamless public transport; vibrant and solar neighborhoods; clean & noise-free environment

• best climate compared to other cities; best transport; best

people around; opportunity for growth of individual; best educational institution; entrainment places

• easy access to transport and building for disable people;

developed cultural activities (museum, theater, meeting points etc)

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Balanced & well-Planned Economic Activities • multi-disciplinary job opportunities; work place, recreation

habitat are close enough; best climate compared to other parts of india

• excellent integration between various parastatals; clean and

green surroundings; short walking and biking distances to major facilities

• sustainable development (economic+encironment+community) handled well by administrators

• Bangalore administration implemented a holistic approach;

steps were taken towards tacking all major issues like water, housing, sanitation etc in sustainable manner; civil society, professional government worked together

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Top 3 List _ PROFESSIONALS role group

Votes

1. Integrated transport system (more public) In Bangalore transport is the measure problem. Technology is available but has been abuse. We could have a proper transport system but we are not able to plan. There should be establishment of a regional metro system connecting anyone.

7,5

2. Balanced master planning Well planned employment or economic activities: decentralized approach like the administrators mentioned. Catering to the need of society and economic. There should be economic opportunity in jobs. Also the housing should be affordable, there should be also entrainment activities, all in an integrated way.

16,5

3. Citizen involvement in city policies Policy making should be bottom-up approach . no just expert, urban planner, but also the end-users should be involved to give a very friendly environment

10,5

KEYWORDS: eco-friendly, balanced, approach, involvement, planning SLOGAN: LEARN BY PREVIOUS MISTAKES

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Plenary Session 1 - Visioning Format:

• Presentation of the groups “top 3” Positive Scenarios (10 min. per group; in total 30 minutes)

• Individuals are asked to vote the best 3 ideas/scenarios. Groups members vote for the other group ideas/scenarios. (15 min.)

Expected result:

• Three positive scenarios to be further developed by Theme Groups

Plot: The three groups give their presentations and the votes are allocated. The following scenarios are selected for a further discussion 1. Self sufficient city – (“administrators” role group) Well connected city with public transport, ownership. The city is self-contained. Multiple nodes connected by transport. People take direct ownership of the city and they are participative. 2. Energy infrastructure – (“investors” role group) Better quality of life with less pollution due to gas network Technical solution looking for the quality of life improvement with less pollution. A gas network provides energy to homes. A city with less traffic on the road to bring gas. Self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which is run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a city more beautiful and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city. 3. Balanced master planning – (“professionals” role group) Quality of life by integrating house, office and social activity Well planned economic activities and employment. Good city is one were you work in day hours very happy and when one comes home is a nice once and the week-ends one have free time to enjoy. A good city is where all our needs are well planned.

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OVERALL TOP 3 SCENARIO

VOTES

1 Self-sufficient city (“administrators” role group) Well connected city with public transport, ownership and participation

15,0

2 Balanced master planning (“professionals” role group) Quality of life reached by integrating house, office and social activity

16,5

3 Energy infrastructure (“investors” role group) Less pollution due to natural-gas network

19,5

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TIME FOR A REST

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Plenary Session 2 - The Themes The starting point for is the common vision of the participants as resulted in the morning Session. The afternoon’s Sessions is devoted to “idea-generation”. During this activity participants, working on the themes of the workshop, are asked to elaborate actions which would implement the common vision emerging from the first Session and explain: • what ought to be done • when (Now /Later). Thematic Areas The participants are distributed in three groups: Group 1: Building / Balanced master planning Group Facilitator: Roberto Pagani Co-facilitator: B. Ramaswamy Group 2: Mobility / Self-sufficient city Group Facilitator: Alessandra Merlo Co-facilitator: Neeta Ramnath Group 3: Infrastructure / Energy infrastructure Group Facilitator: Carlo Ostorero Co-facilitator: Cesare Saccani

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Group Session 3 – Prioritising in Working Groups Working Method Question:

• In each group the Facilitator shows 6 ideas from the EU: 3 strategic projects and 3 innovative policies, and then asks: “in your opinion the type of projects implemented in Europe can be applicable in Bangalore?” and “In case they are, would you include them immediately in your action plan or it is not that urgent?”

• At a second stage the Facilitator takes the relevant positive scenario defined in the morning’s Sessions and asks to transform the vision into strategic projects and innovative policies

Format: • Prioritising method, consisting of analyzing different

options, and ranking them, based on a double choice: now, later

Plot:

Preparation • Large sheets of paper are taped together to create a big

square on the table. A large circle is drawn on the paper, divided into as many slices as there are options. Half of the pie is Europe and half is India. The six slices of the Europe half are labeled with the 6 actions already envisaged (3 strategic projects and 3 innovative policies), which have to be prioritized. The India half has free slices to host 3 strategic projects and 3 innovative policies emerging from the participants.

Coloured sticky notes • Participants are each given 8 stickers for voting (4

orange for NOW option and 4 yellow for LATER option) to prioritise strategic projects and innovative policies first in the Europe half of the pie and after in the India half

Voting • Participants vote for their priorities (NOW) by placing

their post-it in the relevant slice. • Other choices can be expressed by each participant for

actions to be implemented (LATER) • Votes are counted and recorded for further discussion.

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Theme Group: Building Participants Facilitator Roberto Pagani Co-facilitator B. Ramaswamy Notes Taker Anil Mulchandani

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LOOKING AT EUROPE European Strategic Projects B1. Malmoe Eco City

• The starting point for this project as far as the city of Malmö was concerned was to create a sustainable district with a high level of quality in terms of its architecture, public environment and materials

• Bo01, Sweden's first district with a nearly fully local renewable energy system based on the sun, wind and water, to the new generation of sustainable construction.

• All the energy used in the Bo01 area is produced locally. Waste grinders for all apartments so that the organic waste can become biogas for buses and cars.

B2. Seville bioclimatic and natural ventilation

• Hot Sevillian summer is largely abated by a microfilter water air conditioning system throughout the site, principally along the main avenues and streets, under canopied sections both of tensile fabric and greenery. Pedestrian are sprayed with cool mist in various locations, and make use of the numerous fountains and wading pools to cool off.

• Buildings are designed with bioclimatic criteria with particular emphasis on cooling and natural ventilation


• The Beddington Zero (Fossil) Energy Development (BedZED) was the UK’s largest low carbon community. BedZED was designed to minimize its ecological impact both in construction and in use.

• Consideration was given to the construction process and materials used, the sourcing of reclaimed and recycled materials, and a local sourcing policy to reduce carbon emissions.

• For example reused structural steel was used in the workspace framing structure, and reclaimed timber for internal partitions.

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European Innovative Policies B4. Standardization: Torino Energy–Environmental Annex

• Energy-Environmental Annex to the Building Regulations of the City of Torino came into force in 2006. The annex aims at improving the performance of buildings.

• The document foresees a series of mandatory requirements and a series of voluntary requirements which receive incentives on the building taxes, up to a maximum of 50% of the total due.

B5. Industrialization: Construction process in NL

• Multifunctional energy efficient façade system for building retrofitting aims to develop, evaluate and demonstrate an innovative energy efficient multifunctional façade system geared towards the residential building sector. The result should bring a flexible and modular solution. Flexible as it could be adapted to different architectonic configurations and typologies.

• It is an innovative composite façade structure materials, all easily integrated in the façade for building envelope co nstruction and retrofitting.


• Inhabitants are involved in building their own dwellings, devoting Construction materials are provided by building companies, while workforce is only partly supplied by them, as instructors and guidance for the inhabitants.

• Low-rise residential buildings are constructed, with traditional methods or with highly industrialised components. Cost abatement can reach 50% of construction costs.

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EUROPEAN STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER B1. City of Malmoe Eco city 7 3 B2. Seville bioclimatic and natural ventilation

0 1


4 4

EUROPEAN INNOVATIVE POLICIES B4. Standardization: Torino Energy – Environmental Annex

7 3

B5. Industrialization: Construction process in NL

1 7


1 1

The choices are: City of Malmoe Eco city Standardization: Torino Energy – Environmental Annex

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LOOKING AT INDIA SCENARIO Integrated city with a balanced master planning Well planned employment and economic activities: decentralized approach. Catering to the need of society and economics. There should be economic opportunity in jobs. Also the housing should be affordable, there should be also entrainment activities, all in an integrated way. Residential and economic activities should be balanced. STRATEGIC PROJECTS Eco city in suburbs

• Eco friendly end user friendly township with re-use and recycled waste water

• Solar energy utilization • Eco-projects involve government, people and investors • Efficient city suburbs • Child safety, pedestrians, bycicle friendly and green

corridors • Mixed land-use • Built-open ratio • Dead pockets to parks, play areas, organic farms

Decentralised energy

• Decentralise energy system for each household / building

• Use recycled products for fresh townships • To incorporate renewables as astrategy since natural

resources are fast depleting Decentralised work and life

• Development of satellite towns around the existing city • Work and live in the same locality/vicinity

INNOVATIVE POLICIES Eco-practicioners

• Promoting eco-practicioners incentivising communities through tax rebates

• Retrofitting with renewable energy solutions. Street lighting (solar), rooftops, compulsory rain water harvesting

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Government agencies regulations • Regulations in favour of labour controlling migration of

poulation beyond holding capacity • Control and regulation of real estate market by the

government • Increase education on urban development and planning • Employment and housing policy for informal sector

(example construction labour) Homogeneously affordable district

• Equal opportunities to all economic classe as to housing quality and location opportunity

• Work-habitat-recreation close by • Self sustained neighbourhood – holistic development of

area • Social inclusion project: 20% of real estate development

should be marked for economically weader section housing

STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER Decentralised work and life 3 3 Decentralised energy 3 3 Ecocity in suburbs 6 2 INNOVATIVE POLICIES Government agencies regulations 6 3 Homogeneous affordable districts 2 0 Eco-practicioners 0 8

The choices are: • Ecocity in suburbs

• Government agencies regulations

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Theme Group: Mobility Participants Facilitator Alessandra Merlo Co-facilitator Neeta Ramnath Notes Taker Benedetta Arlunno

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LOOKING AT EUROPE European Strategic Projects M1. Copenhagen Green Wheel

• Ordinary bicycles transformed into hybrid e-bikes • Green wheels capture energy dissipated while cycling

and braking and save it • Bicycle as mobile sensing units • Maps air and noise pollution levels, traffic congestion,

and road conditions in real-time for personal information and public decision making

• 50% residents go to work and school by bike M2. ElectroDrive Salzburg

• Electric mobility model region • Leasing scheme for electric vehicles including energy

from all public recharging stations, warranty insurance, service for the car and tickets for public transportation.

• Over 110 public charging spots for a range of E- bicycles, E-scooters, and E-cars

• Electricity from renewable sources M3. Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich

• Reduction of motorised private transport and promotion of public transport and ecofriendly active mobility since 70s

• Comprehensive interconnection of different means of transport

• Consistent coordination of settlement and mobility development

• Mobility management as a supplement for infrastructure planning

• World-wide highest quality of life attributed to high share of public transport (34%) and high percentage of pedestrian and bicycle traffic (30%)

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European Innovative Policies M4. Soft mobility in Graz

• Measures limiting motorised traffic to a necessary • level and prevent car trips manageable with • “soft” possibilities • Easy accessibility (attractive public transport and • parking management) • Compatible traffic (speed limits, IT on light controls) • Short trips (Park & Ride for shopping) • Public participation (Guidelines for Soft Mobility

M5. Rotterdam dedicated lanes

• Dedicated bicycle lanes • Quality of bicycle tracks and cyclists’ safety • High quality tramline concept (TramPlus): speed and

reliability • Special bus lanes with no need to stop at junctions or

only for a short time • Extensive network of traffic lights where public transport

has priority over other road users M6. Freiburg Home Zones

• Reduce and calm traffic near residential areas using simple methods (eg. road marking or bollards)

• Bottom up initiative and request to city council • Cars move at walking speed (7km/h) • Children's games are allowed everywhere in the street • Parking only allowed at specifically marked places • Pedestrians have priority over other traffic • Over 200 Home Zones in Freiburg

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EUROPEAN STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER Copenhagen Green Wheel 1 2 ElectroDrive Salzburg 3 2 Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich 9 6 EUROPEAN INNOVATIVE POLICIES Soft mobility in Graz 1 2 Rotterdam dedicated lanes 3 6 Freiburg Home Zones 3 2

The choices are:

• Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich

• Rotterdam dedicated lanes

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LOOKING AT INDIA SCENARIO: SELF-SUFFICIENT CITY

The city is planned in a manner that has multiple clusterised self-sufficient cities within. The ecological loop is closed in a decentralized way and people take ownership by themselves and hence participation can be achieved. The city is well connected by transport, housing and IT connectivity. Multiple nodes are connected by efficient transport. STRATEGIC PROJECTS

Strengthen public transportation

• Multi-modal public transport network that provides access to any point in Bangalore within 100m using public transport

• Multi modal transport • Public transport made less expensive • Modernize public transport system

• Provide bike, parking leasing at bus stations/metro stations

• Provide dedicated bike lanes • IPT stand / private vehicle. Pick up/drop at MRTS

stations

• Increase public transport • Increase pollution free vehicles

Reduce private cars

• Car pooling • Restrict the number of vehicles a person can own • Policy can come in road • Cars/vehicles can be used just for 10 years

• Green wheel

• Dramatic plantation can be cut off to not utilize the road

space • Traffic police to be more dedicated for traffic

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Improve traffic management and related infrastructure

• Signal free traffic • Avoid cris-cross traffic • Good strecht roads • Dedicated road lanes for all vehicles • Skywalks to be provided for free. There should be for

street walkers • Airports, railway stations to be splitted

Second airport

• Building a second airport

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INNOVATIVE POLICIES

• Effective public participation to the planning and public hearings

• Government should not ignore people request

• Multi layer parking

• Encourage and support people to use public transports

• Communication system supporting transport system

• Outsourcing traffic management

• Restricted use of vehicles per family and car pooling

• Staggered time of school and work

• Public hearings

• Multi layer car parks and connection to public transport

• Outsourcing traffic management

• Real time information on traffic and public transport

• Pedestrian and cycling area and nht

• Cheaper transports

STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER M1 Strengthen public transportation 8 6 M2 Reduce private cars 8 6 M3 Improve traffic management and related infrastructure

2 6

INNOVATIVE POLICIES M4 Staggered time of school and work 7 6 M5 Real time information on traffic and public transport

9 5

M6 Multi layer car parks and connection to public transport

2 7

The choices are:

• Strengthen public transportation & Reduce private cars

• Real time information on traffic and public transport

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Theme Group: Infrastructure Participants Facilitator Carlo Ostorero Co-facilitator Cesare Saccani Notes Taker Letizia De Martino

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LOOKING AT EUROPE European Strategic Projects I1. District heating & cooling in Torino

• Torino developed in the last decade a comprehensive centralised heating&cooling network.

• Thanks to 825 kilometres of underground dual piping, the IREN Group (a public multiutility company) supplies around 76.5 million m3 of heating, equivalent to an estimated population of over 750,000 citizens.

• Solution providing a better management of heating&cooling production improving the general green policies of the city.

I2. Hannover local grid

• Kronsberg is a 3000 new dwellings Hannover eco-district developed in 2000 with:

o High residential density 7,5 m3/m2 o Microclimatic residential buildings o Permeable streets and parking o Water flows recovery from roofs o Innovative waste pre-selection and recovery o Green flows and corridors, green network o District cogeneration

• A strict management of the local energy production&distribution makes Kronsberg a benchmark for any future energy independent (grid disconnected) City.


• Thanks to a program that optimize the dwellings energy use, a private company makes the selection of the best offer for the same terms of supplies.

• This method - applied to a bigger urban scale - can provide the economic resources to schedule buildings refurbishment, and little by little to improve the general householders energy use.

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European Innovative Policies I4. Efficient: vaxjo energy service company

• The city of Växjö in southern Sweden won the Sustainable Energy Europe Award 2007, for being the greenest community in the EU.

• Växjö and its 80,000 inhabitants set the standard for Sweden, which has vowed to become a 'zero oil' country by 2025, and for the rest of the world.

• With a Biomass gasification plant for the production of bio-DME and biohydrogen, the city is now supplied by using renewables that cover more than 50% of Växjö's energy

I5. Sustainable: Diffuse decentralised sustainability in BedZED • BedZED (Beddington Zero Energy • to create a net 'zero fossil energy development',

producing at least as much energy from renewable sources as it consumes.

• Sustainable integrated strategies cover both the energy production and consumption (from buildings to transports). This concept shows that living in a local circle with local products is possible.


5 Themes make Amsterdam the 1st Smart EU City: • Living = Citizens CO2 awareness, dwelling

refurbishment • Working = Shared co-working spaces • Mobility = Sustainable means of transport • Public Facilities = strategic role enhancing PPP on

smart initiatives • Open Data = data decryption to fuel the information

society

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EUROPEAN STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER I1. District heating & cooling 1 6 I2. Hannover local grid 5 0 I3. District electricity grid contract 1 EUROPEAN INNOVATIVE POLICIES I4. Efficient: vaxjo energy service c. 3 2 I5. BedZED 0 2 I6. Smart: Amsterdam Smart City 5 3

The choices are:

• Hannover local grid & Smart

• Amsterdam Smart City Policy

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LOOKING AT INDIA SCENARIO Energy infrastructure building pilots

Technical solutions are found looking at quality of life. Quality of life improves with less pollution. A gas network provides energy to homes. A city with less traffic on the road to bring gas. Each city is self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which is run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a more beautiful city and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city. A prototype should be developed: build a model, prove that it works, and then replicate it.

STRATEGIC PROJECTS

• Solar energy • Pilot smart grid for independent local grid for a 10,000

people node • To implement the project on renewable energy • To develop more accessible public transport like metro

and mono-rail • Solid waste energy generation in each city • Energy generation from waste (domestic and commercial

wet waste)’ • Household/industry. Conversion to renewable energy

INNOVATIVE POLICIES • PPP model/awareness • To make public transport more efficient and reduce CO2

levels • Feed-in policy • To make all users to compulsory use the alternative

energy sources • Segregation of waste and efficient collection • Efficient system collection of waste • Compulsory segregation at domestic level and policy

towards cleaner fuels

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The choices are: • Waste segregation & rational use to produce energy • Waste treatment and use, compulsory segregation

and efficient collection; use of the waste to produce energy

STRATEGIC PROJECTS NOW LATER Waste segregation & rational use to produce energy

7 1

Use of renewable energy sources as solar, wind energy etc. a pilot smart independent local grid (100.000 people city)

0 6

More accessible public transportation 0 1 INNOVATIVE POLICIES Enhance and push the self production of energy from renewables; feed in policy

0 6

Behavior and ecological awareness public transportation use; CO2 levels reduction

0 1

Waste treatment and use, compulsory segregation and efficient collection; use of the waste to produce energy

7 0

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Plenary Session 3 – The Priorities Format:

• Presentation and explanations of the Theme Groups priorities and solutions. Discussions on guidelines for sustainable cities in India

Plot: • The Workshop Facilitators ad and Co-facilitators are

introducing the Plenary Session by showing and explaining the results of the Thematic Sessions for each group

• The PRIORITIES are reported, summarizing the discussions undelaying the various options/actions and the overall number of supporting votes by the group members

Each group highlighted their main strategic policy and project and the justification for selection. This has been carried out for Building, Mobility and Infrastructure. BUILDING We have envisaged an happy city, a city with limited boundaries, 10,000 apartments, all new technology (solar, waste reclining etc). Economic activity should be strong and ensure that there are enough opportunities for the residents of that township. The city wil be hurdle-free, all help for children and elders. Vehicles are eco-friendly. Electricity will be generated by waste. Waste created will generate electricity. If it successes will create another similar city next to it.

One thing will be subsidizing people who are using renewable resources, one is to address the labor forces (usually the labour stays in the shanty town, but in our city a special area will be give to them and transport will connect them from house to work). This is to avoid slums development. Limitation in number of inhabitants. Regulation of real state market: cost pricing

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MOBILITY The European examples inspired the discussion: how can we extend the transport system, manage the traffic better, reduce the number of vehicles on the road? With the improvement of economic wealth of people, the use of private cars has increased. This is THE problem. Driving in Bangalore is not a pleasure. The following solutions should be adopted: Encouraging people to use public transport, which should be

reliable in order to have more people using it Having a dedicated team of traffic engineers who can take

decisions on traffic management Use technology to capture traffic data, also to disseminate

information on traffic Signals coordination Use of GPS system to control bus, and to enhance the use

of buses. People would be able to know at bus timing and plan accordingly their commuting schedule.

There should be a combination of multilayered parking (where bus users can leave their cars) and efficient bus system. Integrated parking will encourage people and ease transport jam

Carless days should be set

INFRASTRUCTURE The European examples should be further investigated. A gas network provides energy to homes. A city with less traffic on the road to bring gas. Each city is self-sufficient city: each cluster has a power station which is run on pipe gas, a city without cables but wireless, a more beautiful city and with more individual space, without power corridors roaming around the city. A prototype should be developed: build a model, prove that it works, and then replicate it. The most relevant infrastructural projects: Waste segregation & rational use to produce energy Waste treatment and use, compulsory segregation and

efficient collection; use of the waste to produce energy Use of renewable energy sources as solar, wind energy etc.

a pilot smart independent local grid (100.000 people city)

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TOP PRIORITIES LOOKING AT EUROPE

STRATEGIC PROJECTS

Multimodal Public Transport in Zurich

City of Malmoe Eco_City

Hannover local grid & Smart

INNOVATIVE POLICIES

Rotterdam dedicated lanes

Torino Energy–Environmental Regulation

Amsterdam Smart City Policy

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LOOKING AT INDIA

STRATEGIC PROJECTS

Strengthen public transportation & Reduce private cars

Ecocity in suburbs

Waste segregation & rational use of energy

INNOVATIVE POLICIES

Real time information on traffic and public transport

Government agencies regulations

Waste treatment and use, compulsory segregation and efficient collection; use of the waste to produce energy

Closing remarks - Conclusions

Documents

SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND …ebtc.eu/pdf/140310_EBTC-Report-on-smart-sustainable-cities-in...REPORT ON SMART-SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE IN INDIA Considering innovative