Question Mark Scheme Marks

1 (a)

(b)

(c) (i)

(ii)

Ratchet

To prevent too much pressure being exerted on the object.

Positive Zero Error

2.80 0.02 // 2.78 mm

1

1

1

1

2(a)

(b)(i)

(ii)

c(i)

(ii)

Work = Force X displacement /distance in specific direction

W = F X S

= 220 X 0.5

= 110 J

W = mgh

= 20X10X0.5

= 100 J

Work done in (b)(i) > (b)(ii)

More work is used to overcome the friction // Lebih banyak keja dilakukan untuk mengatasi daya geseran

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

3(a)

(b)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

Force

Area

Same

Diagram 5.1 more sinking // Diagram 5.1>

Area contact Diagram 5.1 is larger //more // >

Depth of sinking increase, pressure increases // directly proportional to

pressure // use symbol

Pressure

Increases

Force /weight increase, pressure increases // Force /weight directly

proportional to pressure // use symbol

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

4(a)

(b)

(c)

Latent heat of fusion Haba pendam pelakuran

Heat energy absorb used to break the bond between the molecules Haba yang diserap digunakan untuk memutuskan ikatan antara molekul

Q = mcQ

= 1.0 X 4 200 X 100

= 420 000 J

1

1

1

1

(d)

1

1

1

5(a)(i)

(a)(ii)

(b)(i)

(c)(i)

State the correct meaning of heat;

A form of energy //

A form of energy that flows from hot to cold object//

A form of energy due to change in temperature

Explain the reasons by making relationship between large mass and the

amount of heat transferred correctly;

M1: The large mass of hot water has a large heat capacity //

It will transferred large amount of heat from the hot water to the

noodles.

M2: This shorten/reduce the time needed to cook the noodles.

Shows the calculation and substitution of m and correctly Q cool water absorbed = Q hot water released

m1 c1 ( - 1) = m2 c2 ( 2 - )

2 ( - 30) = 9 (95 - )

Shows the correct answer and unit

= 83.18 C

c = Pt

m

c cer = (180) ( 10x60)

( 2) (60)

= 900 J kg C-1

c glass = (70 ) ( 15x60)

( 2) (60)

= 525 J kg C-1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

For the

Cglass, mark

is given for

either correct

calculation

or correct

answer

(c)(ii)

(d)(i)

(d)(ii)

States the correct choice Ceramic

States the correct reason High specific heat capacity will maintain heat for a longer period.

M1: Land has a smaller specific heat capacity than sea //

Land faster increase in temperature // Land is warmer than the sea

M2: Air above the land is heated up and rises

M3: Cooler air from the sea moves towards the land

Or diagram

M1 Label Sea(cold), Land (Hot)

M2 Show Hot air on land rises up

M3 Show Cold air moves towards the sea

Sea breeze

1

1

1

1

1

1

6(a)

State the meaning offocul point correctly

A point where parallel ray converge/focused/diverge//

midpoint between P and C

OR DIAGRAM CURVE MIRROR/LENS

1

(b)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

(d)(i)

(d)(ii)

(e)

Draw the ray diagram correctly

1st a ray from object parallel to its principal axis,

2nd

a straight line/ray from object passes C to mirror

3rd

extrapolation of both rays to form the image and show the image

Complete the ray path correctly 1

st ray reflected- arah tak perlu tanda

- Mana-mana arah di depan cermin

dalam julat A ke B

2nd

ada normal line

Reflected ray between A and B

i = r

State the light phenomenon correctly

Reflection pantulan

Suggest the position of the bulb correctly

Focul point/focul length/F/f

Suggest the curvature correctly

Increase the curvature/decrerase radius/decrease focul length/more

curve/bigger/wider/parabolic/more/more circular (b.o.d)

Suggest one method correctly

Higher power bulb /increase power/increase power supply/increase

battery/more battery/more current/more voltage/increase number of coil of

filament / smooth surface reflector/shinny surface reflector/mirror as

reflector/clean the glass cover /take out the glass cover/krypton bulb/ LED

bulb

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

7.(a)

(b)

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

(c)(iii)

(d)

The angle of the incidence when the angle of refraction is 90. Sudut tuju apabila sudut biasan ialah 90.

The angle of incidence is zero which is parallel to normal causing the angle of

reflection to be zero. Sudut tuju ialah sifar yang mana selari dengan normal, menyebabkan sudut pantulan ialah sifar.

Prism / Prisma P

Increase the angle of incidence (more than 45) Tambah sudut tuju (lebih daripada 45)

Prism / Prisma Q

Reduce the angle of incidence (less than 45) Kurangkan sudut tuju (kurang daripada 45)

Glass is denser than air. Kaca lebih tumpat daripada udara.

Diagram 5.1 - Refracted away from the normal Rajah 5.1 - Dibias jauh daripada normal

Diagram 5.2 - Totally reflected Rajah 5.2 - Dipantulkan sepenuhnya

Total internal reflection Pantulan dalam penuh

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

8(a)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(b)(i)

(b)(ii)

Compare the distance between two consecutive loud sour X correctly.

The distance between two consecutive loud sound in diagram 6.1 is further/

longer/bigqer // (vise versa)

(boleh guna simbol)

Compare the distance between the two loudspeaker, a correctly.

The distance, a in diagram 6.1 is shorter/nearer/closer/ smaller // (vise versa)

(boleh guna simbol)

State the relationship

As, a increase, x decrease (vise-versa)// a, is inversely proportional to x

// a 1/x

State the physical quatity correctly

Distance between the loudspeakers and line interference pattern / D /

wave length / / f

Name the physical phenomenon correctly

Interference

State the meaning of frequency correctly

Number of complete oscillation / vibration / cycle / wave per second /

minute / per unit time

State the change in the diatance correctly

Decreases // shorter // reduce

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

(b)(iii)

State the reason correctly

As the frequency increase the wavelength decreases // wavelength

inversely proportional to frequency //(symbol) 1/f // x // f 1/

1

9(a) (i)

(ii)

(b)

(c) (i)

(c)(ii)

(d)(i)

(ii)

Step-down transformer Transformer injak turun

Magnetise and demagnetise to reduce the loss of energy. Memagnet dan menyahmagnet untuk mengurangkan kehilangan tenaga.

Ns = Vs

Np Ns

Ns = 6

1000 240

Ns = 25 turns

Output power = input power X 0.75

= 0.1 X 240 X 0.75

= 18 W

Use thicker wire for the coil / Use laminated iron core. Guna wayar yang lebih untuk teras itu / Guna teras besi lembut berlamina.

Because alternating current (a.c) is supplied to the television. Kerana arus ulang alik dibekalkan kepada televisyen itu.

Diode. Connect four diodes to form a bridge rectifier. Diod. Sambungkan empat diod untuk membentuk jambatan rektifier.

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

10(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

State the meaning of cathode ray correctly

high speed electron // electron that move / travel // electron beam/stream/ray //

fast moving electron // electron high kinetic energy ' _

Explain the formation correctly M1 : electron hit the screen

M2 : the kinetic energy change to light_

Shows a correct substitution

2 x 2 // 2 + 2

Answer with correctly unit

4V

Sketch the output signal correctly

M1 : a vertical line

M2: lenght of the line is 6 division // Vpp = 6 divisions

11(a)

b (i)

Bahan yang mempunyai kekonduksian elektrik di antara konduktor dan

penebat.

Rajah 6.1, mentol menyala // Rajah 6.2 mentol tidak menyala

b (ii)

b(iii)

b(iv)

b (v)

c(i)

(c)(ii)

Arus dalam Rajah 6.1> 6.2

Rajah 6.1 sambungan diod pincang depan//

Rajah 6.2 sambungan diod pincang songsang

Apabila diod dalam sambungan pincang depan, mentol akan menyala.

Diod

Semasa separuh kitaran pertama, diod pincang songsang, arus tidak mengalir.

Semasa separuh kitaran kedua diod pancang ke depan, arus mengalir.

12(a)(i)

(ii)

(b)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Fleming's left hand rule Petua tangan kiri Fleming

To produce a constant force on the copper wire. Untuk menghasilkan daya yang seragam ke atas dawai kuprum.

Component: Mirror behind the needle pointer. Komponen: Cermin di belakang jarum penunjuk.

Explanation: To avoid parallax error by letting the users to take the reading

when the image of pointer coincides with the actual pointer. Penerangan: Untuk mengelakkan ralai paralaks dengan membenarkan pengguna

mengambil bacaan apabila imej penunjuk bertindih dengan penunjuk sebenar.

13.(a)

NOT Gate

~

(b)

(c)

(d)

Output X

0

1

0

0

To switch oil the security lamp that requires current that is higher than the

output current from the AND gate. Untuk menghidupkan lampu keselamatan yang memerlukan arus yang lebih tinggi

daripada arus output yang dihasilkan oleh get DAN.

14(a) State one characteristic of beta particle correctly Negatively charge // bending towards positive plate / bending in

electric/ magnetic field // electron // charge //small low/

light mass// medium penetrating / ionizing power //medium speed //medium

range in air //can be stopped by Al // negative one proton number

Draw the horizontal or vertical lines on the graph correctly.

State the value of half-life correctly

12 1 (11-13 hours)

State the reason correctly

// 3 X(12 hours) // 3 (T ) //

State the time correctly//Answer correctly without units.

3 X (12 hours) = 36 hours // any answer from 33 - 39 hours // (1980 -2340)

minutes

15(a)

(b)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(c)

(d)(i)

(d)(ii)

(e)

Radioisotope is an unstable nucleus that emits radiation (decay) to become

more stable. Radioisotop ialah nucleus yang tidak stabil yang memancarkan sinaran (mereput)

untuk menjadi nukleus yang lebih stabil.

Has long half-life Mempunyai setengah hayat yang panjang Reason //Alasan: To save cost Untuk menjimatkan kos

Beta particle Zarah beta Reason: Has penetrating power that is enough to penetrate the cardboard sheet

Therefore, overexpose will not occur. Alasan: Mempunyai kuasa penembusan yang mampu menembusi kepingan kadbod.

Oleh itu, pendedahan terlampau tidak akan berlaku.

Solid Pepejal Reason: Can be handled easily // easy to carry

Alasan: Senang dikendalikan // senang dibawa

Strontium-90

Decreases / Berkurang

When the sheet is too thick, the detector will receive lower counts. As a result,

the computer will make proper adjustment to make the roller to increase

compression on the sheet.

Apabila kepingan terlampau tebal, pengesan akan menerima bacaan yang lebih

rendah. Kesannya, komputer akan membuat penyelarasan yang sesuai untuk

membuatkan penggelek meningkatkan mampatan terhadap kepingan itu.

Time taken / Masa yang diambil

= 4 X T

= 4 X 5.27 years / tahun = 21.08 years / tahun

16(a)

(b)

An electromagnet is a conductor which can produce magnetic field

- The number of turns of the coils in Diagram 10.2 is more than in Diagram 10.1

- Bilangan lilitan gegelung dalam Rajah 10.2 lebih banyak berbanding rajah 10.1

(c)

- More pin are attracted to the soft iron core in Diagram 10.2 than in Diagram 10.1

- Lebih banyak pin yang tertarik pada besi teras lembut didalam rajah 10.2 berbanding Rajah 10.1

- Current in Diagram 10.1 is same/equal to Diagram 10.2 - Arus didalam Rajah 10.1 adalah sama dengan Rajah 10.2

- When the number of turn is increase, the higher the number of pin attracted - Apabila bilangan lilitan bertambah, bilangan pin yang tertarik juga

bertambah/meningkat

- When the number of turn in the solenoid is increase, the stronger the magnetic field

Apabila bilangan lilitan pada solenoid bertambah, semakin kuat medan magnet.

- The two aluminium rods attract - Dua rod aluminium tertarik

- Current flowing through the alluminium rod are in the same direction//shows in the diagram the direction is same.

- Arus yang mengalir dalam rod aluminium adalah sama arah//tunjukkan arah dalam rajah

- The magnetic fields produced by the current in them will combine to form a resultant/catapult field//show in the diagram the magnetic field

in opposite direction between the currents - Medan magnet dihasilkan oleh arus yang bergabung seterusnya membentuk

medan katapult// Tunjukkan pada Rajah medan magnet dalam arah berbeza

dengan arus

- A weak magnetic field is produced in a region between the aluminium rod because the magnetic field lines are in opposite direction// diagram

shows forces are inwards. Medan magnet yang lemah dihasilkan dikawasan diantara rod aluminium

sebab garis medan magnet berada dalam arah bertentangan//Rajah

menunjukkan daya

Modification Reason

1.The type of coiled wire

Use cooper wire Guna wayar kuprum

1.Very good conductor

//resistance is low Konduktor yang baik//rintangan

rendah

2.The thickness of the coiled 2.To reduce the resistance

wire

Use thicker wire Guna wayar tebal

Untuk mengurangkan rintangan

3. the type of the core

Use soft iron core Guna teras besi lembut

3.easy to magnetised and

demagnetized Mudah mengalami magnet dan

nyahmagnet

4. characteristic of the core

Use laminated core Guna teras berlamina

4. To avoid the eddy current in

the core Untuk mengelakkan arus pusar di

dalam teras besi

5.the arrangement of the

primary and the secondary coils

Winding the secondary coil on

top of the primary Gelungkan lilitan sekunder diatas

lilitan primer

5. to reduce the leakage of

magnetic flux Untuk mengurangkan kebocoran

fluks magnet

17(a)

(b)

(c)

When force is applied to an enclosed fluid, the pressure produced is

transmitted equally throughout the enclosed fluid

-When a small force is applied to piston A, pressure

is produced.

-The pressure is transmitted equally throughout the whole

liquid

-When the pressure exerted on surface area of the large

Piston B, a bigger force is produced to lift up the load

-The force is bigger due to the bigger surface area //F A

Characteristics Reason

1. The ratio of surface area

of the large piston to the

small piston

Large // big

To produce a bigger output force

2. Type of liquid used oil

Does not evaporate easily // does

not produce bubbles //

High viscosity

3. Material used for the

transmission pipe

steel

Strong //Not easy to break // long

lasting

4.Size of liquid reservoir

Big // large // larger

To occupy a large amount of

hydraulic liquid // Able to lift load

higher //

Avoid spill over

Chosen: Hydraulic jack R because it has the ratio of surface

area of the large piston to the small

piston is big, the ratio of surface

area of the large piston to the small

piston is oil, the ratio of surface

area of the large piston to the small

piston is steel and the ratio of

surface area of the large piston to

the small piston is large.

(d)(i)

(ii)

(iii)

P = F = 10 = 2500 Pa

A 0.004

FY = 2500 x 0.2

= 500 N

dy = 0.004 x 0.3

0.2

= 0.006 m

18(a)

Electrical energy light energy

1 1

1. When an a.c. voltage is supplied to the primary coil, the soft - iron core is magnetized

2. The magnet produced varies in magnitude and direction

3. This causes a changing magnetic flux to pass through the secondary coil

4. Induced e.m.f across the secondary coil is produced.

1

1

1

1

4

Characteristic Reason

Soft iron core Easy to magnetized and

demagnetised

Laminated Less eddy current/ reduce energy

lost

Thick wire

Reduce the resistance/more current

Copper wire Low resistance/ reduce the lost of

heat

Chosen: Q

Because it has Soft iron core,

Laminated , thick wire, Copper

wire

2

2

2

2

2

10

12 V 1

5

Np = Vp

Ns Vs

Np = 240 x 200

12

= 4000

1

1

Efficiency = Po x 100

Pi

= 240 x 0.2 x 100

48

= 100 %

1

1

19

(a)(ii)

npn

M1: In bright day, the light-dependent resistor(LDR) has a very low

resistance.

M2: Therefore the potential diference across LDR is low

M3: The potential difference across resistor R is high.

M4: The base current flow and cause a large collector current flows. The

bulb lights up

1

1

1

1

1

1

(c)(i)

(c)(ii)

(c)(iii)

(d)

1,2

3,4

5,6

7,8

9,10

V X-Z = 6 V

V X-Y = 6 -1 = 5 V

VRR

RV

NM

MM 6

VR

R

M

M 61000

5

5RM+ 5000 = 6RM

RM= 5000

Characteristics Reason

1. The position of the LDR

LDR is connected at base circuit

When intensity of light is

low / dark, resistance of

LDR increases / so Vbase is

large / transistor switched

on

2. The connection of the batteries

Terminal positive of batteries is

connected to collector

So that the transistor is

forward biased

3. The arrangement of the street

lights circuit

Bulbs are arranged in parallel

circuit

All bulbs are connected to

voltage supply of 95V

4. The use of a relay switch in the

circuit

Relay switch is used

So that the secondary

circuit will switch on // So

that the electromagnet will

switch on the secondary

circuit

Choosen: R

because it LDR is

connected at base circuit,

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

SELAMAT MAJU JAYA SPM 2014

terminal positive of

batteries is connected to

collector; bulbs are

arranged in parallel circuit

and relay switch is used.